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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
91

論B型企業認證與中小企業之關聯 / The relationship between Certified B corporation and SMEs

李泓毅, Lee, Hung Yi Unknown Date (has links)
2008年金融風暴後,人們再度掀起一股傳統資本主義的反思運動,對於現在企業與社會的關係,以及企業扮演的角色與負起的社會責任,民眾產生質疑與不信任,2017年Edelman Trust Barometer的信任度報告以「信任危機」(Trust in Crisis)來形容2017年,民眾對政府、企業、媒體、非營利組織的信任度逐年下降,代表對於社會整體的運作機制都失去信心,過去傳統資本主義的運作方式面臨嚴峻的考驗,總體環境開始產生變化。 2007年,世界上開始醞釀出一波重新定義成功企業的B型企業運動,希望未來企業不僅爭取成為最好的公司,更競相成為對世界最好的企業,與過去不同的是,這波運動主要由各國的中小型企業參與,代表中小企業在企業社會責任議題上有一個新的管道,2014年台灣誕生第一家通過B型企業認證的企業,開啟B型企業運動在台灣的發展,而面對全球環境的變動,台灣中小企業急需思考自身在社會責任議題的策略,否則可能面臨生存危機。 本研究以中小企業社會責任(CSR)與B型企業運動之關係為研究主題,透過文獻探討與訪談的方式,歸納出中小企業發展企業社會責任的優勢以及限制,並整理B型企業運動的特性,檢視兩者的是否能相輔相成,研究結果發現B型企業制度免費的影響力評估測驗、B型企業社群力量及實務的社會、環境面建議,能有效解決中小企業發展CSR時面臨的資源不足、專業度不足、知名度低,成為中小企業CSR新的評量工具,幫助中小企業朝永續轉型邁進。 / After financial crisis, people started to rethink about traditional capitalism that the relationship between modern enterprises and society and also the role of enterprises. Edelman Trust Barometer global report describe 2017 as “Trust in crisis”. The general population’s trust in all four key institutions: business, government, NGOs, and media, has declined broadly, which shows people do not trust traditional capitalism anymore. In 2007 from the US, B corp movement started to redefine success in business. Different from traditional capitalism, they think people should use business as a force for good, and compete to be best for the world. The main participant of this movement is small and medium enterprises, which gives an important message that CSR is no longer belonging to big firms only. In 2014, the first firm pass the B certified called DOMI, and B corp movement gradually become influential in Taiwan. To deal with the uncertain future, Taiwanese SMEs need new strategies, and B corp provides some suitable tools for them. This study exam how B corp movement help SMEs create sustainablility strategies. Through literature review and interview, this research finds that free B impact assessment, helping from the B community, and practical advises can assist SMEs overcome difficulties when doing CSR strategies because of scarce resource, being unfamiliar with sustainability, and low visibility, which shows B corp certification is a helpful tool for SMEs.
92

地域金融機関の中小企業経営への貢献効果の実証的エビデンスと理論的メカニズム―成長を促す金融力の測定方法と新指標の提案―

吉原, 清嗣 26 March 2018 (has links)
京都大学 / 0048 / 新制・課程博士 / 博士(経済学) / 甲第20878号 / 経博第573号 / 新制||経||285(附属図書館) / 京都大学大学院経済学研究科経済学専攻 / (主査)教授 澤邉 紀生, 教授 岡田 知弘, 准教授 草野 真樹 / 学位規則第4条第1項該当 / Doctor of Economics / Kyoto University / DFAM
93

企業間下請関係における収奪問題の研究

高平, 伸暁 23 March 2023 (has links)
京都大学 / 新制・課程博士 / 博士(工学) / 甲第24594号 / 工博第5100号 / 新制||工||1976(附属図書館) / 京都大学大学院工学研究科都市社会工学専攻 / (主査)教授 藤井 聡, 教授 山田 忠史, 准教授 川端 祐一郎 / 学位規則第4条第1項該当 / Doctor of Philosophy (Engineering) / Kyoto University / DFAM
94

台灣中小企業對企業社會責任認知與實踐 / Cognition and implementation of CSR for SMEs in Taiwan

林品青, Lin, Pin Ching Unknown Date (has links)
由於台灣食安風暴發生,政府為挽救國人信心,而制定相關法規,針對特定大型企業編訂企業社會責任報告書,可見得政府對企業社會責任日益重視。台灣中小企業占全體企業家數的97.69%,在經濟、社會、環境等面向對台灣影響甚大,但是台灣中小企業社會責任卻很少研究討論。 本研究以中小企業社會責任之相關議題,採用訪談方式,企圖討論以下三點,首先,探討企業社會責任的概念,與中小企業對企業社會責任之認知、動機與實踐。其次,將四家標竿中小企業、兩家一般中小企業與一家微型企業,將其對企業社會責任的作為予以比較。最後,探討當前中小企業實踐企業社會責任可能面臨的困難與解決方式,政府或外部單位在中小企業經營與承擔企業社會責任時所能提供的幫助與需要承擔之角色為何,並對政府提供建議。 研究發現,許多中小企業對企業社會責任認知不足的情形下,實踐企業社會責任。從中小企業對Carroll的金字塔理論之責任排序,可以發現中小企業之認知與實踐,有其多元考量因素,包括:企業產業別、經營方向、領導者與管理者之價值觀與行事作風、企業生存問題與穩定與外在環境變化。從企業社會責任之實踐來看,在微型企業方面,其影響因素通常是企業主或領導階層價值觀與內心因素,更專注於營運與利害關係人之回應,而未得獎企業與得獎企業通常有其長期實踐方案、第三方認證,而得獎企業可能會更進一步發行企業社會責任報告書、有企業社會責任相關的部門與人才培訓,多以量化方式呈現企業社會責任。許多中小企業表示,實踐企業社會責任會有其實質利益。最後,除了中小企業內部限制產生中小企業之社會責任窒礙難行情形外,社會風氣、政府法規與政策也會改變中小企業對企業社會責任相關之實踐,中小企業內部限制、社會風氣、政府法規與政策皆可能造成中小企業對於企業社會責任認知與實踐造成差距擴大。 / Abstact According to a series of food safety scandals occur frequently in Taiwan, Financial Supervisory Commission makes relevant laws and regulations to restore confidence of people and Social perception. The specific part of large enterprise have to prepare corporate social responsibility(CSR) report. It will be seen from this that the government have gradually paid their attention to CSR. The Small and medium-sized enterprises(SMEs), who play an important role in our economy , society and environment , accounted for 97.69% of all enterprises in Taiwan. However, comparatively little research has focused on CSR for SMEs in Taiwan. The subject of the research is cognition and implementation of CSR for SMEs in Taiwan. The qualitative data were derived from semi-structural interviews with seven SMEs in Taiwan. There are three purposes of this research. First, cognition and motivation of CSR for SMEs in Taiwan. Second, subjects in the study were divided into three groups, including four companies who won CSR for SMEs in Taiwan award from 2011 to 2014, three SMEs who did not won CSR for SMEs in Taiwan award, and one micro-business, to compare the differences between their implementation of CSR. Finally, the difficulties of implementation of CSR for SMEs. What is the role of government in helping and supporting CSR for SMEs? SMEs will give advice to the government. The study found that many SMEs are lacking of CSR cognition, but they still implement CSR. On SMEs opinion, they rank differently“the Pyramid of Carroll's Corporate Social Responsibility” in order of importance, so we can find that the cognition and implementation of CSR for SMEs in Taiwan have their various considerations, including category of business, the direction and guidance of their business, the values of leaders and managers and manage style, issues of business survival, internal and external environments of business. In terms of the implementation of CSR for SMEs, the implementation of CSR for micro-business is highly influenced by the values and mental factors of business owners or managers, and they are focus on responding to stakeholders and operation. Besides micro-business, other study subjects have long-term program of CSR and certification of CSR, study subjects who won CSR for SMEs in Taiwan award from 2011 to 2014 have CSR report, CSR-related departments and personnel training and quantified data on CSR. Many SMEs said they can benefit companies by engaging in CSR. Finally, resource constraints of SMEs is one of reasons that hard to implement CSR. Social morality and the government regulations and policies also change the way when SMEs implement CSR. Resource constraints of SMEs, Social morality and the government regulations and policies have an impact on disparity between cognition and implementation of CSR for SMEs in Taiwan .
95

應用策略地圖檢視企業資訊策略—汽車零配件供應商之研究個案 / Applying Strategy Map to Manage Enterprise IT Strategy: An Evidence from an Auto Parts and Accessories Supplier

黃佳琳 Unknown Date (has links)
身為台灣中小企業一員的汽車零配件貿易公司,在面對(汽車)產業大環境的劇烈轉變與中國大陸供應商的強勢競爭下,為了不被市場淘汰,透過建置其策略地圖、商品分類與顧客分析,重新檢視企業本身的資訊管理策略,計劃相關專案,並配合該公司所重視的營運指標與其資訊執行能力程度,做為判斷各專案的優先順序的依據,進而分配各相關專案預算;確保從規劃企業資訊策略到執行專案的所有步驟,皆以符合策略地圖上所描述”創造企業競爭優勢和策略價值”為目的。 / Being one of Taiwanese small and medium enterprises, an Auto Parts and Accessories trading company, suffers from the rapid change of the market and the fierce competitions from Chinese suppliers. In order to survive in the business environment, the company sets up the Strategy Map, makes the Product Categorization and Customer Portfolios Analyses, to get the best IT planning and initiate several IT projects to support its internal management processes. Also, according to its Business Criticality and Technology Maturity indicators, the company makes the priority for its IT projects and allocates the budgets. These actions are taken as the accomplishments of differentiating from market competitions and creating the strategic values just like the goals of its Strategy Map described.
96

以分量迴歸模型探討我國中小企業與大企業生產技術之差異

郭肇軒, Kuo, Chao Hsuan Unknown Date (has links)
中小企業一向為台灣經濟發展的基石,在促進經濟成長、創造就業機會、充實財政收入、平衡區域發展及帶動企業家精神方面有很大貢獻。為了研究中小企業和大企業生產技術之異同,本文選取資訊電子業和食品業為樣本資料,利用分量迴歸模型求算中小企業和大企業在此二產業的勞動偏產量彈性、資本偏產量彈性、勞動邊際產量、資本邊際產量、規模彈性、技術進步率、偏替代彈性和生產技術差異表現,分析兩者生產技術的異同並做產業比較,盼能提供台灣企業改進方向,增進整體產業之效率。 研究結果如下: (1)中小企業和大企業的勞動偏產量彈性在資訊電子業與食品業裡皆大於資本偏產量彈性,意味兩產業增加勞動投入對產出的幫助皆高於增加資本投入。 (2)大企業的勞動邊際產量在兩產業裡皆比中小企業高。 (3)中小企業和大企業的資本邊際產量都是隨分量的上升而下降。 (4)中小企業與大企業之規模彈性皆大於1。表示廠商皆應擴大生產規模,藉此降 低平均成本,增高生產效率。 (5)資訊電子業裡大企業的技術進步率高於中小企業,食品業裡中小企業和大企業的技術進步率則互有高低。 (6)偏替代彈性都在0.2分量後,大企業高於中小企業。表示大體而言台灣製造業 大企業面對市場環境變化時,反應的能力比中小企業來的好。 (7)資訊電子業大企業擁有的生產技術優勢隨生產規模增大越來越明顯,顯示研究經費支出有明顯助益,食品業裡中小企業和大企業的生產技術則互有優劣。
97

台灣中小企業海外技術移轉之研究 / The Research of Technology Transfer: Small & Middle Enterprise in Taiwan

張大為, Chang, Ta Wei Unknown Date (has links)
本研究係針對資本額在四仟萬以下之海外廠商台灣技術移公司作問卷調查 ,調查的地區包括中國大陸、泰國、越南、菲律賓、韓國等開發中國家, 探討台灣產業的技術發展過程、台灣中小企業的技術移轉方式、技術價值 認定、以及技術移轉成敗的關鍵因素。研究發現得到下列結論:一.台灣 技術移轉廠商在台灣經營時間愈久,海外技術愈易成功,顯見基礎穩固公 司較易成功。二.以獲取技術利潤為動機的台灣廠商,技術移轉失敗率較 高。三.海外控股比例愈高的台灣廠商,技術移轉的成功率愈高。四.對海 外經營層愈重視的廠商,技術移轉的成功率愈高。五.對海外法律愈重視 的廠商,技術移轉的成功率愈高。六.移轉對象為海外產品代理商或上下 游廠商,技術移轉的成功率愈高。七.台灣廠商技術移轉前有先從事產品 輸出的廠商,技術移轉的成功率較高。八.具有市場面控制能力的台灣廠 商,技術移轉的成功率較高。九.台灣廠商事前能簽定技術移轉協議書且 經過地主國法律保護,技術移轉成功率較高。十.資本力愈高的台灣廠商 ,技術移轉成功率較高。
98

中小企業大陸市場進入模式之研究 / A Research to The Entry Mode of Small Business into Chinese Market

王淮, Sonny, Wang Unknown Date (has links)
根據我國經濟部投資審議委員會民國83年所做統計,從民國80年至民國83年2月止,我國企業赴大陸投資之家數經報備者計10,003件,金額達美金3,709,415仟元,平均每家投資額僅37萬美元。由此可見,台商赴大陸投資者多為中小企業。   我國中小企業佔全體廠商家數高達98%,以勤奮及彈性兩大特點,創造了所謂的台灣奇蹟,成為我國政府遷台以後40多年間經濟穩定成長的主力。民國75年開始,台灣面臨了台幣升值、勞動力缺乏、環保嚴格、土地上漲等不利因素,出口導向的我國廠商逐漸在國際市場中喪失價格競爭優勢,政府與業界一片升級與轉型呼聲。在此同時,海峽兩岸的對立型態出現轉機,政府在民國79年宣佈開放廠商以間接的方式赴大陸投資,在此之前,中小企業早以其靈活的速度,於政府大陸政策尚未明朗化時,就憑著冒險犯難的精神,摸索出自己獨特的投資模式。由以往身居國內熟悉的環境,推展到一個在政治、經濟、社會各方面均不相同但卻擁有誘人機會的市場一他們是如何進行規劃?如何進入?績效如何?面對何種困難?如何克服……等問題,相信是許多不同層面人仕所關心的課題,然而有關中小企業方面的研究,卻並不多見。   鑑於中小企業一般而言均較保守,面對問卷調查時配合意願多不高,所得資料之信度與效度造成研究者相當大的困擾。因此,本論文遂採取個案深入訪談的方式,直接與受訪企業主管人員晤談,針對中小企業大陸市場進入模式之規劃、選擇、調整等方面搜集資料,配合學理基礎進行分析整理與推導命題,最後並達成下列結論:   1.中小企業藉由控制力的取得,可提高大陸市場經營自主性。   2.中小企業藉由集中資源及快速進入市場可與大企業抗衡。   3.中小企業藉由強化本身策略性資源可提高談判地位。   4.中小企業藉由構建穩定的營運組織可提高經營績效。
99

在企業網路運作下我國中小企業管理政策的特性 / The Characteristics of Management Policy of Small Business under Networks in Taiwan R.O.C.

劉嘉蓀, Liu, Chia Sun Unknown Date (has links)
資源基礎理論指出,策略要建立在自有的資源基礎上,並發展出對應資源 的能力,以取得持久的競爭優勢。中小企業受限於資源不足,只能專精於 整個價值活動中的一個小片斷,要連結其他成員,組織成綿密的企業網路 ,結合大家的資源,共同創造競爭優勢。在企業網路的架構下,專業分工 ,資源需求不高,成員各有專精,效率、效果、規模經濟、學習曲線等優 勢皆可獲得。在企業網路組織中,既合作又競爭,對無法配合的網路成員 ,以市場機制加以淘汰,保持全網路的競爭力。中小企業的小,機動性強 ,遇到問題,彈性應對,可使組織運作順暢。中小企業的管理政策,生產 、行銷、人事、研發、財務,不能自外於網路的需求,這些政策的訂定與 實施,都要能配合網路中的其他成員。以全網路為思考單位,創造全網路 的優勢。同時,也要考量到持全網路的競爭力。
100

單一事業中小企業資源拉撐與規模成長關聯性之探索 / An exploratory study on the relationship between resource stretching and scale growth of the single-business small-and medium-sized firms

商倩鳳, Shang, Cian Fong Unknown Date (has links)
企業的成長與規模擴大,能賦予企業許多優勢與利益,故一直是企業經營者關注的重點,也是策略與組織領域的學者所關注的議題。自從Penrose(1959)的企業內生成長理論提出多餘資源(尤其是管理資源)為企業成長的機制之後,後續的策略學者大多延續這樣的觀點,假設有多餘資源之後,才能進一步追求成長,並深入探討多餘資源的特性、成長策略的特性與成長率之間的關係。 然而,實務上卻發現擁有多餘資源未必能成長,而有些成功的企業反而是在資源不足之下而成長。Hamel and Prahalad(1993)即挑戰多餘資源的成長觀點,認為企業成長的動力其實是來自於經理人拉撐(stretch)其雄心與渴望水準,願意去追求既有資源與能力所無法達到的策略目標,透過善用資源而能在資源不足的情境下實踐成長,但其並未清楚說明拉撐的內涵與促進成長的機制。 本研究以Hamel and Prahalad(1993)所提出的拉撐概念為基礎,探討中小企業在資源有限、甚至不足的情境之下,如何透過拉撐其既有資源基礎,而能達成企業規模的成長。由於相關文獻不足,本研究採用Eisenhardt(1989)的探索性個案研究方法,以單一事業中小企業的規模成長現象為研究情境,總共研究了七個個案,發現了規模有所成長的中小企業所採行的拉撐式策略邏輯及形成拉撐情境的因素,從實務中歸納出五大類型拉撐資源的行動內涵,並發現了拉撐資源的行動為何能形成中小企業長期之下規模的成長。因此,本研究證實了拉撐的成長機制確實存在,Hamel and Prahalad(1993)所主張的拉撐邏輯,確實能夠促進中小企業的成長,有其獨特的成長邏輯。 中小企業為何經常處於拉撐的情境,主要因為資源不足、成長所造成的現象與長期採行拉撐式策略邏輯所致。而拉撐式策略邏輯為:追求較高的經營目標,因而使資源略顯不足,並在資源尚未完全到位時即著手進行,故必須透過拉撐、擠壓既有的資源基礎以彌補資源的缺口,克服困難而能掌握成長的機會,此外,為了避免風險,資源的投資採行精簡、小額與逐步的擴充,解決資源瓶頸而能使整體資源發揮更大的效用,並能穩健地擴充與成長。 本研究歸納出五大類型的拉撐資源行動,包括資源突破、資源重組、資源調度、資源提取與資源精簡,皆能擠壓既有的資源基礎而達到原先難以達成的目標,能增進生產績效並提昇企業的競爭力。資源突破與資源重組即為創業者的創新活動,前者針對資源本身進行創新突破;改善或增加系統中的關鍵因子,使整個系統的功能有所突破。資源重組即是將相同的人力與實體資源重新配置,改善流程或資源使用的方法,達到創新的效果並提昇生產的績效。資源調度是刻意發展資源的多功能性與通用性,能夠彈性地調度不同資源互相支援,以因應急需或降低產能的閒置。資源提取則是延長資源的使用時間,或使既有的人力資源願意與能夠提供更多、更好的服務。最後,資源精簡意指資源的投資盡量不足額,甚至延遲投資,以降低風險,並因而設法增加資源的使用效率。 為何拉撐資源的行動能使中小企業整體資源基礎得以擴充與成長?本研究發現主要是透過拉撐資源的短期與中長期效果綜合而達成。拉撐資源的短期效果為提昇既有資源的績效而能彌補資源的缺口,掌握成長的機會,因而帶來資金的挹注而能累積資本。拉撐資源的中長期效果即是短期效果的累積,包括不斷地掌握機會而持續創造出後續成長的踏腳石(亦即突破經營局面而帶來新的成長機會);經常拉撐資源形成了獨特的、公司專屬的資源基礎與組織能力,能有效提昇公司的競爭力而增加經營的績效,進一步帶來資金的挹注;透過累積資本之後再謹慎地、精簡地擴充資源,增強資源基礎的內涵,企業內部的資源基礎因此逐步地擴充與成長。 / The growth and scale expansion of firms results in a lot of advantages and benefits for firms, therefore, it has been the focus of managerial attention and an important topic for scholars in fields of strategic management and organization theory. Most scholars follow Penrose (1959)’s internal growth theory of the firm to assume slack resources as the prerequisite of firm growth, and investigate the relationships among attributes of resources, growth strategies, and growth rates. In practice, however, firms with slack resources do not necessarily grow. Oppositely, there’re successful firms growing under resource shortage. Hamel and Prahalad (1993) had challenged the perspective of growing by slack resources and proposed that the real driver of firm growth comes from the stretching of managerial ambition and aspirations to pursue strategic goals beyond the firm’s existing resources and capabilities. Nonetheless, the authors didn’t explain clearly the contents and growth mechanisms of stretch. This study takes the view of stretch to investigate how small-and-medium-sized firms (thereafter SMEs) can achieve scale growth by stretching their limited or even infertile resource base. Due to the lack of related literature, this study adopts Eisenhardt (1989)’s explorative case study method, and choose the phenomenon of scale growth of the single-business SMEs as the research context. After investigating seven cases, this study finds the strategic discipline of stretch of SMEs, factors that result in condition of stretch, five categories of actions of resource stretching, and the relationship between resource stretching and long-term scale growth of SMEs. Hence, this study verifies that the concept of stretch proposed by Hamel and Prahalad (1993) do facilitate the scale growth of SMEs with its unique logic of growth. This study finds that SMEs are often in condition of stretch due to their insufficiencies of resources, the outcome of continued growth, and the results of running business by strategic discipline of stretch. The strategic discipline of stretch includes pursuing higher business goals by making existing resources slightly insufficient; proceeding without all resources needed so that SMEs have to stretch and squeeze the existing resource base to fill the resource gap and overcome difficulties so as to seize the opportunities for growth; and investing resources by small amount in a parsimonious way to solve the resource bottleneck so as to improve the effectiveness of the whole resource base and to make SMEs soundly expand and grow. Furthermore, this study concludes inductively with five categories of actions of resource stretching, including resource breakthrough, resource reconfiguration, resource mobilization, resource extraction, and resource parsimony, all of which can squeeze the existing resource base to achieve the unattainable goals and can improve productive performance and competitiveness of the SMEs. Resource breakthrough and resource reconfiguration are entrepreneurial activities of the entrepreneurs. The former is making innovative breakthrough to firm resources, and improving or adding critical elements in a system to make the function of the whole system upgraded. Resource reconfiguration is reconfiguring the same human and physical resources by improving the processes or methods of resource use so as to innovate and to improve productive performance. Resource mobilization is to develop the versatility and interchangeable use of resources deliberately so that all resources can be mobilized flexibly to support one another in order to response to emergent demands or to reduce the idle hours of all the resources. Resource extraction is to make longer use of resources, or to make employees willing and able to offer more and better services. Lastly, resource parsimony refers to make resource investments less than needed or even delayed, and by doing so, SMEs can reduce investment risks and are forced to raise the efficiency of their resource use. Why does resource stretching facilitate the expansion and growth of SMEs’ resource base (i.e. scale growth)? This study finds it is by the short-term and medium- and long-term effects of resource stretching. The former refers to the immediate outcomes of resource stretching, which fill the resource gap to help seize the opportunity of growth so as to obtain cash inflows for capital accumulation. The accumulation of short-term effects results in medium- and long-term effects of resource stretching, including continuously creating stepping stones for later growth by seizing opportunities; developing and accumulating distinctive and firm-specific resource base and organizational capabilities by constantly stretching resources so that SMEs improve their competitiveness and gain cash inflows; and prudently and parsimoniously expanding and enhancing resource base so that SMEs gradually expand and grow.

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