桌上遊戲從休閒娛樂逐漸融入到學校教育，運用巧妙設計的遊戲機制引發學生遊玩意願，進而在愉悅中學習。數位桌遊，一個透過結合數位科技的優勢輔助學習與娛樂的概念隨著教育型桌遊而崛起；然而從產業、學習、娛樂等角度來思考，數位桌遊究竟應具何特性？其體驗是否良好？學習是否有效？透過這些問題，本研究旨在（1）瞭解桌遊產業與玩家對數位桌遊的需求，（2）設計一款體驗供需法則的數位桌遊，（3）評估數位桌遊的遊戲性與學習效益。 首先，本研究運用體驗式學習圈與建構主義等學習理論設計出桌遊《寶島建設》，接著透過訪談桌遊產業各利害關係人了解產業對數位桌遊的想像與需求，透過彙整訪談內容建立數位桌遊的設計指標，最後本研究投入研發數位桌遊與數據分析系統，用以分析學習者的學習歷程與經驗。 本研究共有32位參與者，在進行遊戲期間會採集參與者的操作行為和遊戲資料作為分析，遊戲後會填寫含有心流經驗和遊戲接受度的問卷，並接受遊戲性與學習內容相關的訪談。實驗結果顯示，參與者普遍對《寶島建設》感到滿意，從競標的數據上顯示參與者逐漸掌握資源的價格區間；所開發的數據分析系統亦能發現參與者未達表現的原因，進而對學習者提出有效建議。 總結，本研究成果為（1）透過訪談瞭解桌遊產業對數位桌遊的需求與想像。（2）設計出能體驗與學習供需法則的數位桌遊《寶島建設》，並獲得遊戲參與者們對遊戲體驗正向的回饋。（3）數據分析系統能透過歷程分析了解學習者的困難與障礙，從數據分析圖表裡也可發現學習者逐漸掌握價格區間，這顯示透過數位桌遊《寶島建設》的競標機制能有效學習掌握需求與價格的關係。 / Board games in Taiwan has risen from leisure and entertainment towards teachings in schools, by introducing fascinating game mechanism and theme to enhance student motivation makes learning more fun. Digital board games, a concept combining the advantages of digital technologies to enhance learning and entertaining arose with the rise of educational board games; however, from the aspect of industry, learning and entertainment, what characteristic should digital board game have? Does it create good experience? Is learning effective? Through these question, this research aims to (1) Understand the visions and needs of industry towards digital board game, (2) Design a digital board game to learn the law of supply & demand, (3) Evaluate the learning effectiveness and gameplay. First, the research uses the experiential cycle and constructism learning theory to design the board game Formosa Construction Ltd, then interview several industrial stakeholders to understand the needs and visions of digital board game, through the interviews concluded a design guidelines, finally the digital version of Formosa Consturction Ltd was built along with the data analysis program use to evaluate user experience and learning portfolio in game. Experiments was conducted with 32 participants, gameplay data are collected during gameplay, participants was asked to fill in a questionnaire with flow experience and acceptance, an interview session regarding gameplay and learning will be held after the questionnaire. Results indicate that participants are satisfy with the game, and data collected from auction showed that participants were progressively mastering the price range; The data analysis program was able to find reasons for participants that did not perform well, having chance to provide advice to learners. In conclusion, the research results are (1) Understand the needs and visions of digital board game through interviewing The Taiwan Board Game Industry. (2) Design Formosa Construction Ltd and obtain positive feedback. (3) The data analysis program showed the obstacles learners met through portfolio analysis, auction data analysis also showed participants was progressively mastering the price range, showing that Formosa Contruction Ltd is effective in learning the relation between needs and price.

隨著全球資訊網的發展，網站吸引了大量的使用者．分析網站中大部分使用者共同的網站瀏覽行為，不但有助於網站結構的設計與更新，也可以對具有相同瀏覽行為的使用者，做有效的個人化服務。 目前有關使用者網站瀏覽行為的研究，所探勘出來的結果多為路徑瀏覽式樣或是網頁循序式樣。因此，我們提出一種新的網站瀏覽式樣：網站漫游，並且提出了兩個演算法AM與PM，來探勘出頻繁使用者網站漫遊行為式樣。 演算法AM是針對要處理的資料量非常龐大，而無法將全部資料存放入主記憶體中的情形所設計的。AM是利用演算法Apriori的精神，來探勘出頻繁使用者網站漫游行為。而演算法PM是針對資料經過轉換後可存放入主記憶體的情形而設計的。PM主要是利用在主記憶體中建立一個樹狀結構，以進一步來壓縮原有資料庫內的大量資料，並利用這個樹狀資料結構來逐步探勘出所有的使用者頻繁網站漫游。在實驗的假設條件下，演算法AM與PM皆展現了線性的執行效率與延展性。 / With progressive expansion in the size and complexity of web site on the World Wide Web, much research has been done on the discovery of useful and interesting Web traversal patterns. 　Most existing approaches focus on mining of path traversal patterns or sequential patterns. In this paper, we present a new pattern, Web traversal walks, for mining of Web traversal pattern. A Web traversal walk is the complete trail of a user traversal behavior in a single Web site. Web traversal walk mining is more helpful to understand and predict the behavior of the Web site access patterns. Two efficient algorithms (i.e., AM and PM) are proposed to discover the Web traversal walks. The algorithm PM is used when the size of database is fit in main memory while AM is not. AM is developed based on the Apriori property to discover all the frequent Web traversal walks from Web logs. In the algorithm PM, a tree structure is constructed in memory from Web logs and the frequent Web traversal walks are generated from the tree structure. Experimental results show that the proposed methods perform well in efficiency and scalability.

個人結構知識是區辨閱聽人讀取電子報介面效能的重要因素之一。結構知識較豐富的閱聽人，使用總覽目錄選取電子報內容的時間和正確性較高。反之，結構知識程度較低者，瀏覽時間較多、正確性較低。但是如果設計者能夠利用總覽目錄作為先導組體理論，讓閱聽人透過總覽目錄，而增進他們對電子報內容結構的認識。那麼，原先結構知識程度較低的閱聽人，或許可以減少他們的閱讀時間，或提高檢索正確度。 本研究使用實驗法，企圖證明上述假設。研究人員模擬一份電子報，設計兩種不同介面：具有總覽功能的下拉式選單目錄，以及不具總覽功能的階層式目錄。研究人員透過電腦紀錄與紙面問卷蒐集103位受試者的使用時間和答題內容，並進行統計分析。 研究結果發現，總覽目錄設計有助於減少「瀏覽頁數」的數量，使用者藉由總覽目錄設計，能有效減少其瀏覽電子報時的點選次數。但是在資料正確程度和態度方面則未發現顯著差異。 / Designing effective and efficient user interface is one of the most important issues for the designers of electronic newspapers. Audience with better structural knowledge may use news index more effective and efficient than those with poorer structural knowledge. With this thread, news index with multiple-layer, pull-down menu bars may serve as "advance organizer." Therefore, this study hypothesized that the audience with poorer structural knowledge may improve their performance in using news index by taking advantage of "advance organizer." An experiment was performed to test the hypothesis. The 103 college students were directed to "read" the a web-based electronic newspaper. Two set of stimuli were used: pull-down news indexes and non pull-down ones. Data were collected through computer logs and survey questionale. The result indicated that subject indexes design to serve as "advance organizer" may reduce the time audience spent. However, the subjects no significant difference in terms of the accuracy.

台灣地區數十年來隨著社會經濟的快速發展，都市計畫地區內之人口數，自民國50年以來，平均每年約以7.45%的速度增加。為了滿足日益增加的都市人口活動需求，故需不斷地在有限的都市土地資源上進行開發活動。然而，由於在規劃、組織、管制等方面的不周延，導致土地開發常缺乏計畫性指導原則，產生例如交通擁擠、環境污染、公共設施與開放空間的不足、生態環境的破壞等許多不同性質的問題，而無法真正健全都市的發展，對於都市型態與都市機能亦產生許多的負面效果。 本研究以台灣地區目前公部門常實施之市地重劃與區段徵收為例，藉由文獻資料的整理分析與問卷深入訪談的方式，探討相關的政府承辦人員及專家學者們對於上述兩種土地開發方式所產生的土地開發問題性質之看法。期以美國成長管理理念為基礎，並透過管理的規劃、組織、指導、管制四大功能的分析，提出成長管理策略與相關配合措施之建議，俾指導土地開發活動的進行得以滿足促進都市發展，健全都市機能的目標。 本研究基於上述的理念，對於市地重劃與區段徵收所產生之土地開發問題的分析，研擬適當的成長管理策略，作為政府在土地開發管理上的參考。首先在規劃方面應建立明確的土地開發原則，配合相關技術工具的實行，以指導土地開發活動的進行；在組織方面應加強各相關單位之協調整合；在管制方面則是擬定適當的管制性計畫並透過電腦技術的運用，監測與掌控土地開發的速度與都市發展、公共設施之間的配合；在指導方面則是須有效整合土地開發各相關單位之意見及解決其發生之衝突，清楚界定土地開發相關單位間的權責以達成彼此間的共識。此外，亦須加強民眾在土地開發過程中的參與機制，以爭取民眾的支持而減少土地開發所受到的阻力。 / For decades, Taiwan has experienced rapid social and economic development. Since 1961, the population has increased about 7.45 percent annually in the urban planned districts. In order to accommodate the increasing urban population and activities, it has to develop scarce land resources. However, weakness in existing planning systems, government structure, policy context, and control strategies for managing development and growth has led to many problems, such as traffic congestion, environmental pollution, public facility provision, open space deficiency, and ecological environment destruction. Those problems produce negative impacts on urban development, urban pattern, and urban firnction. Based upon the functions of management, such as planning, organizing, leading, and controlling, this study investigates the problems of urban development in Taiwan, particular in the development by urban land consolidation and zone expropriation programs. The approaches of literature review and questionnaire are adopted in order to understand deeply the problems of land development in Taiwan. Furthermore, the strategies of growth management of American experiences are discussed. Finally, some practical suggestions for land development in Taiwan are presented. This thesis explores the background of existing problems related to urban land consolidation and zone expropriation programs and develop workable growth management strategies and suggestions. First, in planning aspect, government should establish clear land development principles associated with relative technical tools to guide development which is satisfactory in timing, location, and quantity. Second, in organizing aspects, government should bring more about integration and coordination among relative institutions to yield administrative efficiency. Third, as for controlling aspects, government should develop feasible land use plans and apply the computer techniques for monitoring land development pace and service level. Fourth, in leading aspects, government should regulate the clear responsibilities among relevant institutions and resolve the possible conflicts to bring more about consensus. Finally, government should strengthen citizen participation in the land development process to win public support.

資訊中心(information center)之建置緣起於管理終端使用者計算 (end user computing)，其基本功能在於支援使用者自行運用資訊系統來解決 工作上的問題或滿足其資訊需求。但隨著「策略性資訊系統」及 資訊資 源管理」等觀念的引發， 資訊中心的角色也漸漸地由被動轉為主動，使 資訊中心的策略規劃成為一項重要的課題。本研究從相關文獻的探討中歸 納出資訊中心進行其策略規劃時所考慮的四個構面：(1)資訊中心之主要 目標、(2)資訊中心之關鍵性成功因素、(3)資訊中心進行策略規劃之原則 、(4)資訊中心與企業策略規劃之協調方式。運用問卷調查的方式，對我 國股票上市公司的資訊中心主管及其它部門的高階主管進行上述意見之比 較，以多變量變異數分析來驗證資訊中心是否和其它部門進行協調。另一 方面，由於國內尚缺乏對資訊中心現況的分析資訊，本研究亦進行詳細的 樣本分析，以供後續研究及推論之參考。由於本研究建立的四個假說中有 「資訊中心之主要目標」及「資訊中心進行策略規劃之原則」產生顯著差 異，表示資訊中心主管和其它部門主管的意見在這兩個構面上無法達成共 識。這說明了我國資訊中心在進行其策略規劃時，需要加強和其它部門的 協調。而進一步的邊際檢定則顯示，需要溝通的項目包括：(1)注意軟體 和硬體的相容性、(2)管理資訊系統的成長及運作、(3)達成各部門和資訊 中心的協調、(4)幫助使用者解決問題、(5)滿足使用者的需求。

本研究的主要目的有二：一為探討多媒體軟體使用者介面的螢幕標示效果 與使用者反應時間之間的關係，另一為探討多媒體軟體使用者介面的螢幕 標示效果與使用者主觀態度之間的關係。實驗中根據物件文字標示與表徵 圖文字標示兩個變數，分為實驗組與控制組，其中實驗組具備物件文字標 示與表徵圖文字標示，而控制組則不具備物件文字標示與表徵圖文字標示 。本實證研究中，對二百零三位大學商學院一、二年級生進行測試，包括 線上雛型系統軟體測試與使用者主觀評估問卷兩部份。其中線上雛型系統 軟體測試的主要收集資料為使用者反應時間，而使用者主觀評估問卷則收 集系統內記憶性問題及使用者主觀態度等資料。研究進行方法如下：．依 學生隨機安排在電腦教室內上機，由預先安裝好的軟體來決定實驗組與控 制組。．首先系統將顯示中文之遊戲說明，以及各功能鍵所代表之意義， 使用者按滑鼠鍵即可進入遊戲。．於遊戲結束後，系統以自動方式展示一 段與先前系統不同的示範，在實驗組中，系統提供的是不具圖件文字標示 ╱表徵圖文字標示的展示，而在控制組中，系統提供的是具備圖件文字標 示╱表徵圖文字標示的展示。 ．自動展示停止之後，使用者始填答問 卷。 ．進行問卷評估與線上資料收集。實證研究結果顯示，在使 用者反應時間方面，實驗組與控制組之間確實有顯著差異 (P = 0.01)， 而在使用者性別與使用者年級方面， 使用者反應時間的差異性則並不明 顯 ( P of GRADE = 0.3348, P of GENDER = 0.2975)。至於主觀評 估問卷方面，大部分受測者皆肯定螢幕上圖件文字標示與表徵圖文字標示 存在的必要性，認為確實對系統進行有幫助，其中又以對於表徵圖文字標 示表示肯定者較多。

本研究旨在探討台灣高中生副詞子句的使用，並且探究台灣高中生在副詞子句使用上所產生的錯誤。此外，為更進一步了解台灣高中生對於副詞子句的認知，本研究亦檢視了目前國內高中生普遍所使用的英語教科書，以了解英語副詞子句的呈現方式以及內容的編排。本研究受試者為兩班高二學生，一共43位。研究工具為學生高二上學期三篇指定英文作文寫作。 研究結果顯示，副詞子句為一高中生作文中常出現之句型結構。受試者能夠使用不同語意種類的副詞子句來補充說明主要子句的訊息。在各式不同種類副詞子句當中，時間副詞子句出現頻率最高。限定副詞子句(finite adverbial clauses)使用的頻率遠多於非限定副詞子句(non-finite adverbial clauses)。限定副詞子句使用當中，時間副詞子句、因果副詞子句、條件副詞子句、目的副詞子句以及讓步副詞子句，依序為最常使用的副詞子句；非限定副詞子句使用當中，目的副詞子句以及時間副詞子句為使用頻率最高的副詞子句。 雖然副詞子句是基本句型，但經錯誤分析的結果顯示，學生對於副詞子句沒有完整的了解，仍有不正確的使用。整體而言，句子不完整( sentence fragment)以及使用錯誤（不恰當）副詞連接詞使用(illogical subordinate conjunction)為最常發生的錯誤。在限定副詞子句使用上，最常犯的錯誤為不完整句子、錯誤或不恰當的副詞連接詞使用、重複連接詞標記(double marking)以及無主語(null subject)。在非限定副詞子句使用上，不連結修飾語(dangling modifier)為最常出現之錯誤。這些錯誤很可能是因為中文以及英文之間的差異以及對副詞子句沒有充分的理解所導致。 而教科書當中對副詞子句的介紹，也可以解釋學生學習使用副詞子句所犯的錯誤及遭遇的問題。從檢視教科書以及教師手冊當中的句型以及寫作兩個單元發現，在句型呈現上，副詞子句的介紹以及呈現主要著重在單句句型結構以及語意相近的句型結構替換。副詞子句的篇章功能以及副詞連接詞的使用則較被忽略。句型練習中，也較少有情境式的真實語言呈現。在寫作單元上，副詞子句也多半侷限於其句型結構上，而忽略了其詳細語用以及篇章功能概念。綜合研究結果，本研究提出較完善的教學建議，以幫助教學工作者以及學習者對副詞子句在教學上及學習上有更進一步的了解。 / The purpose of the present study is to investigate how adverbial clauses are used in Taiwanese senior high school students’ written production and what kinds of difficulties students encounter in employing the structure. In addition, to understand how Taiwanese EFL learners construct their knowledge of adverbial clauses, senior high school students’ English textbooks and teachers’ manuals are also examined to find out the presentation of adverbial clauses. Forty-three senior high school students from two different classes in their second year participated in the research. Three assigned compositions in one semester were collected for data analysis. The result showed that adverbial clauses are commonly utilized to express various types of circumstantial meanings in the learners’ writing. Temporal adverbial clauses are of the most use among different kinds of adverbial clauses. Adverbial clauses are further categorized into two types: finite and non-finite adverbial clauses. The use of finite adverbial clauses is far more frequent than the use of non-finite adverbial clauses. This may attribute to the amount of exposure to the finite adverbial clauses and syntactic complexities of non-finite clauses. In finite clauses, temporal adverbial clauses are the most frequently used, followed by causal, conditional, purpose and concessive adverbial clauses respectively. In non-finite adverbial clauses, adverbial clauses of purpose are the most used, then clauses of time. To identify Taiwanese senior high school students’ difficulties in using adverbial clauses, an error analysis was conducted. It was found that adverbial clauses are problematic to the learners. Overall, sentence fragment and illogical subordinate conjunction are the two main error types. Most of the errors occur in finite clauses, including sentence fragment, illogical subordinate conjunction, double marking and null subject. In non-finite clauses, error type is exclusively dangling modifier. The reasons for the errors may be due to learners’ incomprehensive understanding toward the use of adverbial clauses and the differences between Chinese and English. In addition, learners’ textbooks were evaluated to see how adverbial clauses were generally introduced and presented. An examination of grammar (sentence patterns) and writing sections revealed that in grammar section, the emphasis is mainly on the introduction of various linguistic forms of adverbial clauses and syntactic structures that bear similar semantic meanings. Moreover, they are presented mostly in isolation without meaningful and contextual presentations. The functional aspect of adverbial clauses and the contextual presentation of subordinate conjunctions are quite neglected. Likewise, in writing section, the focus is mostly limited to the introduction of various types of adverbial clauses and subordinate conjunctions. Clearer explanations of the conjunctions and the functional role of adverbial clauses in writing are relatively overlooked. Concluding from the previous findings, it is suggested that more explicit and contextual presentations are needed to help learners to develop a more complete understanding of the use of adverbial clauses.

書是社會文明的載體，是人類進步的階梯。電腦、網路的飛速發展，使得電子書引發了新一輪的書籍革命。隨著智慧型手機的出現，用手機閱讀電子書以前方便靈活，充分利用零散時間，因此受到年輕人的追捧。但是，電子書本身也存在各樣的問題，諸如不符合人們的閱讀習慣，以及產業鏈的不成熟等。因此，調查使用者的行為模式和對於電子書的喜好，以瞭解使用者對電子書的看法及接受度是本文研究的重點，本研究透過UTAUT模式探討績效期望、付出期望、社會影響、輔助條件等自變數對於使用意圖與使用行為的影響力和預測力。本研究採取問卷調查的方式，在多個網路論壇上發放，共收回問卷352份，其中剔除無效問卷後得到有效樣本計232份，有效的樣本回收率達65.9%。究結果顯示，受試者大多擁有智慧型手機（77%），使用時多以娛樂為目的（55%），僅以工作為目的者最少（4%），大多偶爾閱讀（47%），多數人未曾花錢下載付費電子書（86%）。在電子書使用經驗方面，多數受試者使用電子書不到1年（42%），在使用智慧型手機方面，同樣是使用不到1年時間者居多（60%），而使用智慧型手機閱讀電子書方面，同樣是不足1年最多（68%）。 受試者使用智慧型手機閱讀電子書之績效期望、輔助條件、付出期望等各構面對使用意圖及使用行為的預測達到顯著水準，而社會影響構面與使用經驗干擾變數則影響力未達顯著。 / Books are the vehicle for social civilization and the ladder of human progress. Due to the rapid development of computers and the Internet, electronic books (ebooks) have triggered a new round of the book revolution. With the emergence of smartphones, using mobile phones to read ebooks has become convenient, flexible, and a way to make full use of scattered bits of time. Therefore, the use of smartphones for such purposes has been pursued by young people. However, ebooks present various problems of their own, such as incompatibility with individual reading habits and the immaturity of the industrial chain. Thus, the focus of this study was to survey user behavioral models and affinity for ebooks to understand users views on and degree of acceptance of ebooks. This study used the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT) to investigate the influence and predictive power of the following independent variables on usage intention and usage behavior: performance expectancy, effort expectancy, social influence, and facilitating conditions. Research results showed that a majority of respondents had smartphones (77 %). Respondents who used their phones mostly for entertainment purposes composed the largest category (55 %), while those who used their phones only for work purposes formed the smallest category (4 %). A large percentage occasionally read ebooks (47 %), but most respondents had never spent money on downloading payable ebooks (86 %). Regarding experience using ebooks, most respondents had used ebooks for under one year (42 %). Regarding experience using smart phones, the group that had used smart phones for less than one year was also the largest (60 %); a high percentage of users (68 %) had been using smart phones to read ebooks for less than one year. The predictive power of performance expectancy, facilitating conditions and effort expectancy on usage intention and usage behavior with regard to using smartphones to read ebooks achieved a level of significance. As for social influence and moderator experience, the predictive power didn’t reach a level of significance.

在網路的世界裡，搜尋引擎對網路使用者的重要性逐漸升高，而藉由搜尋引擎之幫助，使用者可以在數位資訊爆炸的網路世界中，尋找到所需的資訊。惟此種便利之用途，亦造成著作權人之權利遭受侵權之疑慮，如搜尋引擎協助使用者找到未經合法授權之檔案而下載之；亦或搜尋引擎本身即複製該未經合法授權之內容而散布之等情形。各國對於搜尋引擎業者之侵權責任有相似規定，在如何之情況下搜尋引擎必須負擔侵權行為責任，而在何種情形下搜尋引擎業者可能可以免責，又在何種情形下搜尋引擎業者可能引用合理使用原則，本文亦嘗試提出各國之規定以供國內參考。 國內尚未有搜尋引擎業者之相關案例，故本文嘗試透過不同的國家中不同的搜尋引擎態樣進行案例分析，提出不同的搜尋引擎在不同之情狀之下，可能會造成的著作權爭議。如在圖像搜尋方面即提出美國的Perfect 10 v. Google案中縮小圖示之合理使用爭議，並同時提出多年前的Kelly v. Arriba案做為對照；中國大陸的七大唱片公司訴百度案在音樂搜尋當中是相當具有爭議的問題，本文亦提出其他相關的大陸案例做為對照；瑞典海盜灣的案件是P2P軟體變型後所產生之搜尋引擎，亦可以看出未來會有更多不同態樣的搜尋引擎出現；而新聞搜尋之問題，牽涉到重製權，近期Google與美聯社達成和解，本文亦為新聞搜尋此特殊的態樣為探討；而圖書搜尋方面則是以Google的圖書館計畫為基礎，並進一步探討合理使用的可能性。 本論文試圖提出美國、歐盟以及中國大陸的法規以及諸多案例，並探討在世界各地的搜尋引擎面對的著作權爭議問題，而這樣的問題會隨著科技的進步與發展有更多不同態樣的變化。我國目前尚未有相關的案例，故本文嘗試提出案例語法規的論述與探討，以期能予我國參考之。 / In the internet world, search engines become much more important to the users. By using the search engines, users can easily gather the useful data online. Although search engines bring so much convenience, but the copyright holders accuse the search engines of coypright infringement. For instance, the search engines sometimes help their users to download the copyrighted materials or themselves reproduce the copyrighted materials. The actions might bring them law suits.There are similar regulations of search engines in different countries. In some situation, search engines might defense themselves by claiming safe harbor regulation, and in others, they could claim the fair use doctrine. In the thesis, it states many cases from different countries to discuss the regulations. Due to the different functions of search engines, there are various cases. Kelly v. Arriba case and Perfect 10 v. Google case are about thumbnails search in the United States. Baidu v. EMI record case in China is about mp3 files search. Despite the traditional search engines, there are some relatively new and specific search engines, such as Private Bay. Private Bay is a search engine which focuses on searching bittorrent files for P2P downloading. In the future, there will be much more search engines with different functions. In the thesis, it also states the disputes of news search and book search.Google Book Project rised discussion worldwide. The thesis states the opinions of the ones who agree to apply the fair use doctrine on the project and the one who disagree to. In Taiwan, there have not been any copyright cases of search engines so far.The thesis states the copyright regulations in U.S., Europe and China, such as safe harbor, contributory infringement and fair use doctrine. By presenting the cases and regulations in other countries, the thesis also provide some inspirational ideas about the copyright disputes of search engine.

隨著知識經濟時代的來臨，運用資訊科技是現代人必備的基本能力。而學校圖書館因地利之便，是國小師生最容易接觸到的資訊來源之一。教師要培養學生利用圖書館的習慣與能力，則本身必須具備圖書館專業知能，並懂得善用圖書館的各項資源。 本研究以基隆市國民小學教師為對象，旨在調查教師對學校圖書館的認知與使用學校圖書的概況，並探討其差異情形。再綜合教師對學校圖書館的意見提出建議，供未來制定圖書館相關政策或研擬經營發展方向時的參考。本研究採用問卷調查法，研究結果摘要如下： 不同背景之教師對學校圖書館各面向的認知均有正面的評價。其中以「推展閱讀」面向的認知最為良好，其次依序為「與課程的關聯性」、「規劃設計」及「館藏、管理與服務」面向，而認同度最低的則為「支援教學」面向。 教師對學校圖書館的認知情形會隨著教師的目前職務、教育程度、年齡及性別等背景變項而有不同的差異情形。兼任行政教師最能認同「館藏、管理與服務」、「與課程的關連性」、「支援教學」與「推展閱讀」等面向的功能。一般大學畢業者對「規畫設計」面向的認同度最高；師範院系畢業者對「與課程的關聯性」面向的認知較為良好；年齡大的教師最能認同圖書館「推廣閱讀」的功能；男性教師則對「支援教學」面向感到較滿意。 教師在使用學校圖書館時，以支援教學為主要目的，但因教學上的需求使用圖書館的頻率與時間卻明顯偏低。教師最倚重網路資源以滿足資訊需求；在使用圖書館資料的情形方面則尚待加強；最需要圖書館提供教學新知資源；認為最需要改進的是館藏數量不足的問題。教師並不常參加圖書館利用專業知能的進修，但在圖書館利用能力上有很不錯的自我評價。 教師使用學校圖書館的情形會隨著教師的背景變項而有所差異。導師及兼任行政教師使用的情形較為類似。師範院校畢業、資深、年齡較長及女性教師，使用學校圖書館的情形則較為良好。 由研究結果歸納以下建議：地方政府及教育主管機關每年應提撥固定的經費；增設圖書館專職人員之編制；建立全市國民小學圖書館教學資源共享平台。學校方面應積極爭取經費；多元化增購館藏；整合學校圖書館為教學資源中心。教師方面，應把握專業進修的機會、將圖書館利用教育融入教學；善用學校圖書館資源，並適時主動提出建議，以落實學校圖書館支援教師教學之功能。 / For the coming alongside with the era of knowledge-based economy, it has become our fundamental capability that people today have to be able to make use of information technology. As of location convenience for school library, it has become one of the sources so that teachers and students elementary can access to information. In fact, if teachers must nurture students with habit and capability to exploit library, they must be able to be equipped with professional knowledge of library and are able to make use of various kinds of resources of library. This study has taken the teachers of elementary school teachers of Keelung City as its subjects, and aimed to investigate the cognition of teachers regarding school library as well as the scenario making use of school library. Besides, it would also explore the difference. This study will employ questionnaire survey, with its research results summarized found as follows: Teachers of diverse background are found with positive evaluation regarding each of the aspects for school library. Among them, the aspect of “promotion for reading” is considered to be of the best, seconded by aspects as “relevancy to curriculum,” “library collection, management, and service,” and “programming design,” whereas the aspect of “support to teaching” tails and is found with the lowest cognition. Teacher’s cognition of school library was different in accordance with the background variables such as current position, educational background, age and gender. Teachers with administrative position can recognize most school library’s functions in the aspects of “library collection, management, and service,” “relevancy to curriculum,” “support to teaching” and “promotion for reading”. Average college graduates gave highest approval to the aspect of “programming design,” while, teacher’s college graduates expressed more approval in the aspect of “relevancy to curriculum,”; older teachers approved most in the function of “promotion for reading”; male teachers were more satisfied with the aspect of “support to teaching”. The primary aim for teachers to use school library is supposedly to support their teaching demands; however, the results reflecting in frequency and time for this purpose were relatively low. As for teachers who rely on network resources to accommodate their information needs, it is found that the scenario making use of information with school library remains much to be improved. In fact, what teachers need most from school library is that it can provide resources of novel knowledge, while the problem of library collection is what teachers consider improvement must be made. Teachers do not often attend further training for professional competence of school library, but they do have rather favorable self-evaluation regarding the utility of library manpower. Teachers’ use of school library was found to vary in accordance with the variables of their background. Homeroom teachers and teachers with administration position seemed more identical in their use of school library. Teacher’s college graduates, senior teachers and older teachers as well as female teachers would show a better use of school library. As learned and concluded from study results, it is thus suggested: local government and competent authority of education should appropriate fixed amount of expenditure annually, increase the formation of specialized personnel for school library, and establish collective platform for teaching resources among school library of elementary schools for the entire city. On the part of schools, they should actively strive for more funding, increase library collections with diversified channels, and integrate school library as the center of teaching resources. On the part of teachers, they should take hold of chance for professional study and training, combine school library into their teaching, make good use of resources from school library, and appropriately put forth proposal, thus helping to realize the function of having school library in support teaching for teachers.