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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
61

應用區塊鏈技術設計具資料隱私性之綠色供應鏈管理平台框架 / Using Blockchain Technology to Design a Green Supply Chain Management Information Platform Framework with Data Privacy

黃方佐 Unknown Date (has links)
在今日,實施綠色供應鏈管理不僅是遵守法規規範,更積極的是實施綠色供應鏈管理可為企業帶來更多競爭優勢,因此綠色供應鏈管理對企業而言越來越是值得探討與重視的議題。 目前綠色供應鏈管理平台的建立普遍是依賴政府或是第三方機構建立資料交換的機制,或是串接供應鏈上各個企業不同的企業系統達到資料交換的目的,然而這樣的做法有其風險。因為物料資料對企業來說是敏感且有價值的,企業須對提供儲存、資料交換服務的平台有高度信任度,且整個系統亦有中央集權式系統架構之缺陷。運用區塊鏈技術的特性可以解決這樣的問題,區塊鏈技術提供資料永久保存、不可篡改的分散式系統解決方案。本研究更近一步將區塊鏈技術結合加解密機制,讓資料僅有提供者本身以及其同意之查詢者能讀取,如此一來使得區塊鏈系統更具資料隱私之特性,並透過區塊鏈外部儲存系統的設計使儲存空間更易規模化,使得綠色供應鏈中大量、有價值物料資料之儲存、交換且須高度信賴物料資料不被篡改以及綠色認證不被篡改、偽造的這些議題能被解決。 / Nowadays, the implementation of green supply chain management system can bring more competitive advantages for enterprises. This issue is increasingly worthy of discussion. Until now, the establishment of green supply chain management platform generally depends on the government or third parties building the mechanism of exchanging the information, and connecting the various enterprises of different enterprises on supply chain to achieve the purpose of data exchange. However, the approach has risks. The features of blockchain technology can provide permanent preservation and tamper-proof system through the decentralized system solutions. Moreover, this study combines with data-privacy design and off-blockchain storage design to solve the problems of storaging and exchanging the valuable data and ensure material information and green certifications are tamper-proof.
62

台灣中小企業推動供應商關係管理策略與供應鏈績效關係之研究 -以防水連接器製造商H公司為例 / The relationship between the supplier relationship management strategy and supply chain performance in Taiwan’s SMEs: a case study of waterproof connector manufacturing company H

陳詩敏, Chen, Shih-Min Unknown Date (has links)
在 JIT 以及全面品質管理(TQM)等新型生產流程思維出現之際,企業更 加強調供應鏈流程的優化及順暢,開始期望能透過建立供應商選擇機制、與供 應商協同製造合作、架設供應商間之資訊交流系統、形塑供應商評估學習體 系,進而減少供應鏈中無效率的浪費源頭,以降低供應鏈營運成本,提高利 潤。在這樣的環境背景下,供應商關係管理(SRM)儼然成為重要的供應鏈管 理手段,而供應商關係管理的效益也日漸備受重視。 本研究聚焦於目前因規模小、資金少、人員缺乏、可動用資源有限,故與 供應商之關係建立相對重要的台灣中小製造業,並選擇以藍海利基市場為發展 主軸之防水連接器製造商:H 公司為研究對象,以深度訪談之方式,探討其在 需求高度客製化、原材料須即時採購,即時組裝製造的環境下,如何經營其與 各供應商、協力廠間之關係,進而達成提升供應鏈效率的目標,而這樣的關係 經營行動對其供應鏈績效表現有何影響。研究結果發現,企業針對關鍵零組件 及關鍵原料之供應商,傾向建立長期合作之策略夥伴關係,而其採取之供應商 關係管理策略相較於對一般零組件及原料之供應商,更強調專屬性資產投入、 資訊流通共享、供應鏈協同合作之關係管理。反之,企業針對非關鍵零組件及 原料之供應商,較少有具體之供應商關係管理行動。其少數之關係管理行動主 要以降低買方之採購成本為目標,故管理方式大多僅限於維持高度例行性的合 作,或以價格為基礎評估、選擇合作對象。最後,針對供應商關係管理之實際 效益部分,本研究也發現,企業與供應商建立緊密關係,對供應鏈之內外面向 績效皆有正向影響,短期來說可改善生產力,長期而言則可加強競爭優勢。
63

新興科技對於海運實務及法制之衝擊與展望-以電子載貨證券為中心 / The impact and prospect of new technology on maritime practice and legal system, with a focus on electronic bill of lading

邱韻如, Chiu, Yun Ju Unknown Date (has links)
世界已步入資訊化社會,人們對於日常生活中的各項場景伴隨各種科技產品與技術逐漸習以為常,交易型態也大量引進電子化模式,便利、快速彷彿成為現在世代的代名詞,那麼,海上貨物運送流程,或是全球供應鏈是否也已經搭上電子化作業的潮流了?很可惜,答案是否定的。 海上貨物運送為歷史悠久的運送模式,至今仍是世界各國進行國際貿易的主要貨物運送管道,涉及眾多當事人及程序,交易模式也十分繁複,若能使用電子化管理系統,將能事半功倍,提升效能與效率。國際上雖已出現電子載貨證券,卻未被廣泛使用,本文從載貨證券之起源開始探討,並剖析載貨證券之困境以及電子載貨證券之歷程與發展障礙,進一步研究目前崛起的區塊鏈(Blockchain)科技,若能加以應用至電子載貨證券,實現全球供應鏈整合的未來將不遠矣。 除了技術應用,載貨證券之法制歷史與發展亦是本文研究目的之一,實務與法制之演變息息相關,從1924年的海牙規則至2008年的鹿特丹規則,從載貨證券至電子運送紀錄,國際公約的發展愈臻成熟,我國的海商法修正方案也終於得出研究結果,法律之制定若能貼合實務運作,亦即產、官、學界透過彼此交流,凝聚共識,早日完成海商法之修正,對於我國實務之運作將是極大之助益。
64

以知識為基礎之軟體元件管理模式探討 / Development of the Knowledge-based Software Component Management Model

翁庭勇, Wong, Ting-Yung Unknown Date (has links)
一如個人電腦(PC)、筆記型電腦(NB)等硬體產業走向分工製造模式之際,近年來,台灣的軟體產業也試圖建置起一個完善的分工體系,以收專業化的實效;故現階段大型軟體專案的開發漸以多人、異地的團隊,在共同的軟體基礎架構上來進行。軟體業者分工的想法和硬體業者如出一轍,但在發展成果尚有一段的差距;透過Web Service技術,現階段之研究已能初步建立起以軟體元件為基礎之軟體產業的水平分工整合模式,然而在軟體元件的管理上(如元件的儲存、搜尋及檢索等),仍有很大的改善空間。 採行軟體元件分工模式來組裝、開發資訊系統,意味著系統整合廠商需能方便地取得符合其功能需求之軟體元件。基於此,若能建置一元件儲存庫,並提供完善的儲存、搜尋及檢索機制以提供系統整合廠商找尋其所需元件,應能提升軟體元件分工的成效。而一個良好的元件儲存庫應具備一系列完善的綱要(Schema),用來進行元件分類,並詳述儲存於元件庫內之元件的特性。 本研究之目的即在於發展出一個能支援軟體產業分工的軟體元件管理模式;以元件式軟體供應鏈水平整合為基礎,提出一軟體元件之分類綱要,及知識導向之元件儲存庫架構來儲存、搜尋、並檢索適用的軟體元件,同時,也期望透過元件知識推論專家系統的發展,來提升元件檢索之效益。另一方面,元件選擇流程中的元件評估階段也是本研究所要探討的主題。 / In recent years, the software industry in Taiwan attempts to build a complete system of division of labor to obtain the effectiveness of specialization as the computer hardware industry did in implementing the mechanism of supply chain management successfully. The idea of software component supply chain is similar to the concept of supply chain model of hardware industry. Although some models of horizontal integration of software industry have already been proposed, management mechanisms of software components are seldom considered in these models (ex: storage, searching, and retrieval). To effectively adopt the software component supply chain to achieve the horizontal division of labor, the system integration (SI) companies should be able to access software components, which conform to their functional requirements, conveniently. Therefore, if we can develop a component repository and a mechanism for storing, searching and retrieving the components in the repository. The purpose of this research is to develop a software component management model, which can support the division of labor in software component supply chain, based on the component-based software industry horizontal integration. Firstly, we will propose a descriptive schema to describe and to classify the software components. Secondly, we will use this schema to design a knowledge-based component repository, which is used for storing, searching and retrieving suitable software components. Also, we develop an expert system for inferring component knowledge in order to improve the performance of component retrieving. Finally, the component evaluation in the process of component selection will be important subjects to be addressed in this research.
65

綠色供應鏈協同運作策略之研究--以資訊製造業個案公司為例

謝成章 Unknown Date (has links)
在全球化的經濟蓬勃發展下,環保事件層出不窮,地球環境遭受重大破壞,各種環保議題引起國際矚目與熱烈討論。歐洲議會在2003年初公布了針對十項電機電子設備的兩個環保相關規範,分別是歐盟電機電子設備有害物質限制使用指令(RoHS)與歐盟電機電子設備廢棄物指令(WEEE),另外,歐盟能源使用產品生態化設計指令(EuP)也已在2005年8月11日公布,這些指令對相關產業的營運與發展將造成重大衝擊,其影響深遠供應鏈上下游成員無一倖免。 產業界為因應此一環保規範限制,將環境因素納入到傳統供應鏈管理當中,而形成了所謂「綠色供應鏈管理」的熱門議題。其主要差異乃是後者將生命週期思維融入產品設計、製造、使用與最終的廢棄回收處理的整個範疇。 本研究嘗試由資訊製造業的個案公司實際發展綠色供應鏈的過程中,以個案分析的方式收集其產品發展流程的各種資料,包括綠色設計、綠色採購、綠色供應商評鑑與稽核、綠色資訊平台建置等,並予以整理分析,建立個案公司的綠色供應鏈管理策略架構與協同運作模式。 本研究結果顯示綠色供應鏈管理策略的核心是「源頭管理」,源頭管理落實之後,加上其所衍生出來的綠色供應商評鑑與稽核、綠色產品管理系統、綠色資訊整合等各項活動,始能達到符合環保規範的目標,做到完整的風險控管,讓企業穩健發展。同時,本研究也顯示,建立協同設計機制及PDM資訊平台可以有效分析處理供應鏈上下成員間流通的資料,譬如,原物料、零組件等源頭綠色資料被有效地整合於綠色資訊平台,企業因應環保法規落實到資訊管理裡,營運風險因而獲得保障。 / Accompanying the vigorous economic development, the environment of the earth has been impacted tremendously. There are so many environmental issues that occurred in past decades turning into hot topics among nations. European Parliament published RoHS, and WEEE Directives in early 2003 that mandate ten categories of electric and electronic equipments to be restricted in the use of hazardous substances and wastes disposal respectively. Also, the setting of ecodesign requirement for Energy-Using Products newly announced in August of 2005. All the three mandatory EU Directives has definitely influenced significantly the foregoing development of the related industries. To react to the environmental regulations, the industries try to put environmental element into conventional Supply Chain Management, SCM. Thus, come out with Green SCM. The key differences are the latter mingling life cycle thought through out the whole scope of product life span. This research attempt to establish a collaborative structure and strategy for Green Supply Chain Management, by means of analyzing the information collected from the real developing process, including green design, green procurement, green suppliers’ appraisal, building up green information platform, of an information manufacturing firm. The research revealed that the core strategy of Green SCM is “Source Management”. Only if source management has fully implemented at the site of raw materials and component manufacturers, the environmental regulations can compliant thoroughly. Thus, the risk management is well controlled, so that the firm would operate soundly. Meanwhile, the research also showed that building up collaborative mechanism to link with PDM platform may process effectively the flowing data between the parties of supply chain. As a result, the restricted hazardous substances data of raw material and components are integrated into the green information platform and well managed. The operation risk of enterprise would be secured because of the entire implementation of information management for the environment regulations.
66

軟體產業導入供應鏈分工合作之機制探討--以企業資源規劃系統水平整合為例

黃繼弘 Unknown Date (has links)
關鍵詞:軟體元件供應鏈、水平整合、企業資源規劃、ebXML、Web Service 近年來國內資訊硬體產業分工模式完整、廠商表現亮眼,不僅外銷國外市場,有些更擁有高自有品牌知名度,在在可窺視硬體產業之供應鏈管理推行的成效。相對於硬體產業而言,雖然國內軟體業者對於上下游廠商的定義劃分不很清楚,但事實上已然存在著相當程度的分工,在專案或產品開發角色上彼此合作。隨著軟體元件概念與技術的進步與普及,分工程度漸趨專業的可能性增大,究竟軟體產業可以存在著何種分工模式呢? 本研究即是針對國內軟體產業,實行軟體元件供應鏈(Software Component Supply Chain)的相關合作機制做一個探討,試圖去思考如何參考國內資訊硬體廠商的專業分工模式及供應鏈管理推動成功的經驗,而達成國內軟體產業供應鏈管理的推行。 本研究以企業資源規劃(Enterprise ReSource Planning)系統的套裝軟體業者為例,提出一個水平整合(Horizontal Integration)各模組的方法論,並設計出相對應的解決方案,再加以實作驗證。本研究於技術上使用類似於ebXML的流程整合技術,並利用XML及網路服務(Web Service)等方式來達到元件之間鬆散耦合的目的。 若不同之企業資源規劃系統套裝軟體中的各個模組,可以依照需求而方便的進行某個程度的水平整合,則軟體元件供應鏈的藍圖已然勾勒出來,也勢必將帶給軟體業者一個勢力重分配的機會。本研究除了希望能解決模組問水平整合相關的技術瓶頸外,軟體產業未來的元件分工模式,也是本研究所要探討的主題。 / Keywords: Software Component Supply Chain, Horizontal Integration, Enterprise Resource Planning, ebXML, Web Service In recent years, the computer hardware industry contributes a splendid performance in Taiwan. In addition to the export to foreign country, some even have a well-known brand. With no doubt, we can see the whole picture of the intact-division of labor in the hardware industry, and the outstanding performance of its carrying out supply chain management. Although the definition of division between upstream and downstream is not so clear in the software industry, there do exist a division of labor to some degree. As the popularity and progress of the concepts and technologies of the software component, the possibility of specialization in division of labor will get increasing in the software industry. There is an interesting research topic, which form of division of labor will exist in the software industry after all. The focus of this study is on the collaborative mechanism of software component supply chain in the software industry. We try to figure out how to refer to the successful experience of hardware industry implementing supply chain management to drive the supply chain management of the software component in domestic software industry. This study will takes the ERP package vendors as the study object to propose a methodology of horizontal integration of different software packages and to do further implementation for verification. Technically, this study applies an ebXML-like process-oriented integration technology, and facilitates the purpose of low coupling between components by using XML and web service technology. If the integration among the modules of different ERP packages could be made to some extent, the picture of division of labor in the software industry could be outlined, and it also will brings the software vendors some chance to re-allocate. In addition to solve the bottlenecks of technical problems of software horizontal integration, the future model of division of labor in software industry will be also a subject to address in this study.
67

一個以聲譽為基礎的協同合作信任夥伴選取模式 / A Reputation-based Model for Selecting Trusted Collaborative Partners

陳樂惠, Chen, Le Hui Unknown Date (has links)
協同合作(collaboration)是一個以知識為基礎的互動及建構過程,從1990年中葉起在供應鏈中就被廣泛運用在各項議題中。協同供應鏈成員間的關係主要建立在專案上,彼此間可能沒有合作過的經驗,未來也可能沒有再次合作的機會;事實上,選擇值得信任的合作夥伴是協同供應鏈邁向成功的重要步驟。本研究發展了一個選取信任合作夥伴的模式,在於企業發現新的商業機會時,能選擇一個以往沒有合作經驗但具有高度初始信任(initial trust)的候選人。該模式主要採用聲譽系統(reputation system)和推薦網絡(referral networks)來選取最具有良好聲譽的候選人。我們的模式首先是利用推薦網絡蒐尋到與候選人合作過的第三者來取得候選人的主觀及客觀評選資料,接著利用蒐集到的資料計算出初始信任分數最高的候選人作為協同合作夥伴。在實驗中証實本研究確實可以協助企業選取到具有良好特質的候選人,同時本研究也找出了影響實驗結果的關鍵因素及其值。 / Collaboration is an interactive, constructive and knowledge-based process that has been widely discussed since the mid 1990s. Relationships among participants in the collaborative supply chain are based on projects; with participants have neither histories of interaction, nor any plan for future cooperation. However, selecting a right partner is a critical starting point for successful collaboration in supply chain management. This study develops a Reputation-Based Partner Selection Model (RBPS model) for selecting unknown collaborative partners to explore a new business opportunity, ensure that the partners have high levels of initial trust. The proposed model utilizes the referral networks and reputation system to identify the objective and subjective testimonies of partner candidates from third parties who had previously collaborated with the candidates. These information elements are aggregated into an initial-trust score, and the candidate with the highest score is selected to be a collaborative partner. The experiments were designed to test the model that can help the requestor enterprise to select a partner with the highest initial trust among multiple candidates. The results showed that the candidate, with fine temperament in three trust types (as competence, goodwill and predictability), was selected far more often than other competitors after multiple tests of computer simulations. Additionally, the critical factors and values that most affect the results of RBPS model to select the most reputable candidates were identified.
68

圖書出版業暢銷書價值鏈分析─以《藍海策略》為例

閻崇泰, Yen, Chung-Tai Unknown Date (has links)
由於目前台灣圖書出版業受到各種因素的影響,像是景氣持續衰退、原物料上漲、新書出版量增加但同時退書率卻也升高、出版業家數眾多、替代品的威脅、網路科技帶來的閱讀習慣改變等等因素,讓業者的經營陷入更困難的環境之中。而高退書率與高暢銷書銷售數字,讓圖書的銷售也朝向兩極化的發展。 本研究以圖書出版業為中心,暢銷書本身的價值流程作為研究對象,試圖透過資料收集、訪談、歸納整理、分析等等方式與步驟,找出價值鏈中暢銷書之關鍵成功因素(key success factor)。同時,也以實際的《藍海策略》一書為個案,透過深度訪談來了解該書從「市場調查」、「選書與作者」、「圖書編務」、「印務工作」、「行銷活動」及「物流/資訊流」等價值鏈活動中,運用了哪些關鍵成功因素讓個案本身成為暢銷書。 暢銷書的關鍵成功因素大致分為評估方式與行銷手法兩大類。 (一) 評估方式 一本書是否能具有成為暢銷書的潛力,可以從以下的四個方面來進行評估與衡量:一是目標市場;二是作者與書;三是與環境和需求的連結程度;四是與出版社屬性的關聯性。 1. 目標市場:包含目標市場規模、競爭品的供應量、價格和型式為主要的評估依據。 2. 作者與書:作者的知名度、書名和主題、封面設計、推薦人的知名度、內容特色與扎實、國外暢銷程度,以及特殊榮譽的加持等則為考量能否為暢銷書的重要因素。 3. 與環境和需求連結:包含要能滿足實質或心理需求以及打造說服主題。 4. 出版社本身的屬性:以出版社本身的目標策略、條件與資源作為選擇暢銷書內容物的依據。 (二) 行銷手法 暢銷書的行銷手法,以話題性書籍為主要考量的前提下,可以透過:製造話題來引發報導、密集曝光用來刺激購買意願、舉辦系列論壇演講、異業結盟藉此擴大市場規模,還有藉由慎選通路將資源集中在多數目標客源聚集的管道上等等方式來做。 透過對個案《藍海策略》一書的研究後發現,該書在書名和主題、封面設計、內容特色與扎實,以及國外暢銷程度上面具有一定的優勢;該書的主題獨特,作者寫的內容簡潔有條理,並且在國外出版後造成熱銷。而在行銷手法上面,則是具備強有力的行銷活動,讓書本身在上市後短時間內能夠引起很多人以及企業主的注意;透過雜誌、報紙還有電視等媒體做宣傳,結合國內產業的實際個案以及當時的社會現況,把該書的主要論述加以結合起來,作為一個報導的題材,能夠引發顧客的注意與引起顧客的共鳴,進而產生想要購買的慾望。也就是說,在價值鏈上,個案在「行銷活動」上產生極高的暢銷價值,再來就是在「選書與作者」這價值活動上也有不錯的表現。
69

教科書產業有效導入ERP的成功因素及成效探討--以K公司為例

蔡其修 Unknown Date (has links)
企業要提昇營運管理績效及核心競爭力,除了組織及流程改造外,改變作業管理方式,精進e化管理模式,亦是不可或缺的解決方案之一。而企業導入資訊系統更是為因應這變動劇烈的產業競爭環境必備的條件之一。 K公司因營運範疇急速擴增,事業版圖擴及大陸,卻面臨原來所使用的AS400系統,已無法快速且精確的揭露財務報表,及面臨嚴峻之經營挑戰。為解決此一問題,該公司透過經營管理委員會之投資審議機制,形成導入企業資源規劃(Enterprise Resource Planning,ERP)之決策。ERP系統係將企業內部各事業體、各部門,以資訊科技,企業內部大小系統,整合在一起,將所有的資訊能在線上即時揭露,由於資訊的透明化、即時化,使K公司能達成立即反應規劃的目標,並將所有的營運資訊納為決策資訊。 企業建置ERP系統,將會付出相當可觀的軟體費用和顧問諮詢費用,且在人力成本上,若事先未溝通清楚,而引進新系統,將會使企業內部員工或主管產生抗拒與適應不良,這些有形或無形的成本,身為企業主或高階經營者均必須審慎考量,既然導入成本很高,管理者更應慎思:「ERP系統是否可以提升企業的營運績效與競爭力」。 爰此,K公司在專案導入過程中,從專案評估、籌備、流程設計、系統設定階段、系統上線等五大導入過程,均是環環相扣且是綿密的,以及應用專案管理九大領域之要領,使專案能如期如質成功導入。 本研究主要針對K公司導入SAP/ERP系統,瞭解其成功關鍵因素為: 一、考量最佳流程,而非用舊流程套新系統 是要避免將系統AS400化,亦即不是用SAP做到原來AS400中舊系統的作業流程,而是要學習SAP系統中的流程實務,思考最佳的作業模式。 二、分析系統關連圖,找出完善業務的IT建置。 透過整個資訊的關連圖,需進一步找到更多需整合或開發的細節,讓ERP系統的管理幅度能夠涵蓋所有的企業流程。 三、分階段讓主管受益,降低導入阻礙 為了與使用單位主管溝通,專案經理及關鍵使用者(Key User),對主管簡報與分享經驗,讓主管能感受到系統的預期效益。 四、有系統解決問題,而非見招拆招 系統成功上線後,並非導入已經結束,而是將工作重新從系統建置及導入時程與品質的確保,移轉到ERP系統的調教,並持續推動ERP基礎工程,研討的系統改進。 並就企業導入ERP後,在作業面及人力成本與營運管理之改善成效與成功關鍵因素進行實證研究,研究方法係採用AHP方法來驗證軟(硬)體,顧問團隊之系統評選與人為評選之差異,與個案訪談的方式來進行研究,探討導入ERP系統是否提升企業營運改善成效之差異。 本研究之結論:透過ERP系統導入確實可以使K公司從「印量預測」到「生產交貨」至「財報揭露」改善成效更具體。
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供應鏈的評價:實質選擇權分析法 / Evaluation of a supply chain:a real pptions approach

王偉弘, Wang, Wei Hong Unknown Date (has links)
本論文主要是以實質選擇權分析法對在最適決策下供應鏈及公司的價值進行評價。內容包含兩篇文章。第一章為緒論;第二章與第三章為主文。在此兩章中 ,我們會先介紹研究動機、目的與文獻探討,接著架構模型,據以求出於最適決策下供應鏈或公司價值的封閉解後,以比較靜態分析法分析各參數對供應鏈或公司價值的影響。第四章為總結。 / 第一篇文章為對在隨機成本下供應鏈的評價。該模型是以單一供應商、單一零售商與多個消費者組成之垂直整合的二階段序列式動態供應鏈為架構,假設市場的現貨價格為動態過程,供應商和零售商每單位商品的成本為隨現貨價格變動的隨機成本。在此模型中,供應鏈的經營者以銷售量為決策,聯合利潤最大化為目標。此外,存貨設定在零售商的一方,而零售商所持有的存貨可視為擁有一個無窮期的美式買權,當存貨出清時,如同執行一個美式買權一般,以促使利潤的實現。接著我們利用比較靜態分析法就無風險利率和現貨價格報酬率的波動度對於最適決策下所求得的供應鏈價值之影響進行分析後,得到供應鏈價值會隨著無風險利率的上升而增加,亦會隨著現貨價格報酬率波動度的提高而增加。此結論和Cortazar and Schwartz(1993)以兩階段製造產品為運作模式之公司價值就無風險利率和現貨價格報酬率的波動度進行比較靜態分析後所得到的結果一致。 / 第二篇文章為對在隨機匯率下兩階段生產之公司進行評價。此文考慮Cortazar and Schwartz(1993)的模型,在產品之製造為兩階段式生產的條件下,納入隨機匯率,用實質選擇權分析法,評價以外銷專案為標的之公司價值。我們針對模型中的參數:本國的無風險利率、以外幣計價之現貨價格報酬率波動度及匯率波動度的變化對公司價值的影響進行分析後,而得到這些參數與公司價值呈現正相關的結果。此外,因動態現貨價格與隨機匯率的相關性 ,我們亦分析現貨價格和匯率的相關係數對公司價值之影響後,得到兩者正相關程度越大或是負相關程度越小時,公司價值就越大,從而體認到僅從匯率走勢的升值或貶值來判斷外銷專案價值有利與否是不夠詳盡的,還要考慮現貨價格和匯率交互影響的程度,決策者才能做出有利於外銷專案更好的決定。 / 最後,我們將此兩篇文章歸納出一些重要的結論後,接著針對本論文研究主題的未來發展方向,提出一些觀點和建議,以作一個總結。 / This text uses a real options approach to price the value of the supply chain or the company. It contains two articles . Chapter 1 is the introduction; Chapter 2 and Chapter 3 are the main text.In these chapters, we introduce the study motive and literature review, the model, the closed form of the supply chain or the company in the optimal operating policy, and then use comparative statics method to analyze the effect of some parameters that risk-free interest rate, volatility of the spot price, volatility of the exchange rate etc. Finally, we give a summary. / The first article is in Chapter 2. It is to price the optimal value of the two echelon sequential dynamic supply chain which is composed of one supplier, one retailer and many consumers. In this model, we assume that the spot price of goods is a dynamic process, the costs of the per unit goods of supplier and retailer are up to the change of the spot price, the sales volume is the decision strategy, and their aim is to maximize joint profits. In this supply chain, the value of the stocks for retailer can be regarded as a perpetual American call option. Finally, we will use comparative static to examine the effect of the volatility of the spot price and risk free rate for the optimal value of the supply chain, and we obtain the same results as Cortazar and Schwartz’s (1993) optimal value of two-stage companies. / The second article is in Chapter 3. Based on the extended the Cortazar and Schwartz (1993) model, we use the Real Options Approach to price the closed form of the value of the two-stage production for a company under stochastic exchange rate. With regard to the parameters in the model: domestic risk-free interest rate, the volatility of the foreign spot price, and the volatility of the exchange rate, we find that the domestic risk-free interest rate, volatility of the foreign spot price, and the volatility of exchange rate have positive correlated with the optimal value of the company. Moreover, due to the correlated relation between the dynamic foreign spot price and the stochastic exchange rate, we analyze the change of the coefficient of correlation between the foreign spot price and the exchange rate, and obtained the more large optimal value of the company when they are more large positive correlated or negative correlated. In other word, we need to consider the influence between the foreign spot rate and the exchange rate at the same time, and then the manager can make the optimal decision about the exporting project. / Finally, we summed up some important conclusions of Chapter 2 and Chapter 3, and then proposed some views and suggestions for the study the theme and the developing direction in the future.

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