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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

公共政策議程設定之研究-我國國家公園政策的個案分析

張惠玲, ZHANG, HUI-LING Unknown Date (has links)
本文採個案分析法,其分析對象為我國國家公園政策議程設定之過程,由作者試擬一 影響模式逐一檢視之。最後並比較在其他國家行諸有年的國家公園制度,以資借鏡。 全文約八萬字,共七章,二十節。章節安排如次: 第一章,緒論,共四節。闡明研究範圍、動機及方法;介紹議程設定之比較研究與扼 阻性決定概念之內涵。 第二章,理論架構,共三節,包括:政策與大眾議程間的連結工具與困境、階層化的 政策形成過程,以及議程設定之影響模式。 第三章,國家公園在我國政府與民間之議程地位,共三節。陳述我國國家公園之發展 沿革,當前之政策議程與大眾議程地位。 第四章,外環影影因素,共三節,其內容為:社會經濟背景、政策問題特質與政治結 構。 第五章,內環影響因素,共三節,含政府外精英及決策者之參與行為,與綜合研析。 第六章,中日美國家公園之比較,共二節,主要以生態保育與國家公園之發展背景, 國家公園之管理規劃為焦點。 第七章,結論與建議,共二節。
2

國家公園警察公權力與環境正義之研究 / The Study of Environmental Justice and the Police Authority in the National Parks

姜祖培 Unknown Date (has links)
依相關文獻探討得知,我國國家公園概以全盤西化的僵硬、不適宜的法令以及與原住民的衝突等原因,使得國家公園的存在與發展,產生多面向之問題。 本文研究之目的如下: 一、藉當前國家公園警察執行公權力現況之探討,發現問題並尋求解決之道,以符當地民情及環境正義,或提供有志者作進一步研究。 二、以平地型、高山型國家公園警察之執勤與各國家公園管理處政策之推行,探討各國家公園執法及政策推展之成效,用資策進。 三、從環境正義之觀點,提出能兼顧自然保育與保障原住民權益的建議方向,建構雙贏策略,使國家公園永續發展。 本研究以我國各國家公園為研究範圍,先就「利害關係人」 (stakeholder)對國家公園與環境正義互動之探討、分析,建構出國家公園警察執法與環境正義之相關問題,採用深度訪談法及兼以實地觀察法進行實證調查研究,同步藉由實地觀察法,探討問題之核心,取得實證調查結果資料與文獻資料對照,最後以「利害關係人」觀點進行綜合分析,依分析結果得出目前國家公園警察執法與環境正義間之整合,建構雙贏策略。 本研究之實證研究結果並配合引用相關文獻之建議如下: 一、對政策及管理層面之建議 (一)近程 1、強化國家公園警察執行功能。 (1)減少行政警察勤業務,有效發揮執法效益。 (2)建立環境義警制度,強化巡山護管功效。 (3)加強國家公園執法訓練,塑造警察專業形象。 (4)策進國家公園警察執行之公權力。 2、加強警察之人文教育。 (二)中長程 1、儘速增(修)訂現行不適法令。 (1)儘速配合修訂不適法令,俾利執法有據。 (2)擴大參與仿效設立緩衝區,保障當地住民權益。 2、導正利害關係人觀念認知。 二、對後續研究之建議 本研究囿於人力、物力,僅以我國雪霸、玉山、太魯閣(高山型)及陽明山、墾丁、金門(平地型)之六個國家公園為探討範圍,建議後續研究者可以擴大研究範圍,以擴及至我國林政單位之森林地域林班地與警政署森林暨自然保育警察隊為研究領域,將可更深入探討環境正義之各類相關性議題。 關鍵字:國家公園、警察人員、國家公園警察、公權力、環境正義。 / It is learn in accordance with relevant documents, our country national park laws and regulations stiffness due to totally Westernization, inopportune laws and conflict of aboriginal cause that the existence and development of the national park face more questions. The purpose that this text studies is as follows: First, make use of the police of national park at present to carry out state authority, the discussion of the present situation of state power, found the problems and seek the solution, in order to agree with local public sentiment and environmental justice, or provide the interested ones to do further study. Second, with the implementation of the policy of national park headquarters of every country on duty of the level land type and alpine type national park police, probe into the effect that enforcing the law and policy of every national park in order to urge on the progress of policy. Third, from the view of environmental justice, propose the suggestion direction that can give dual attention to the natural conservation and the safeguard aboriginals rights and interests, build and construct the win-win tactics, make the national park develop sustainable. This research regards every national park of our country as research scope, first , ‘the interested party’ ( stakeholder) is focused on the discussion, analysis of the national park interact with environmental justice, build and construct the relevant problems with environmental justice and the police of national park law enforcement, adopt the depth interview and concurrently observe on the spot to conduct the real diagnosis investigation and study, moving ahead simultaneously by observing on the spot, probe into the core of problem, obtains the real diagnosis investigation result material and compare with the literature materials, analyze synthetically with ‘the interested party’'s view finally, obtains at present the police of national park law enforcement and the environmental justice according to the analysis result the conformity, build and construct the win-win tactics. Real diagnosis of findings and suggestion the coordinate quotation correlation literature of this research is as follows: First, suggestion on the policy and management aspect. (1) Short range 1. strengthen the police of national park and carry out the function. (1) Reduce the administrative police's hardworking business, effective display law enforcement benefit. (2) Establishment the environmental volunteer police system to strengthen and patrol the mountain to ensure the efficiency of management. (3) Strengthen national park law enforcement training, mould police's professional image. (4) Promote the state authority that the police of national park carry out. 2. strengthen the police's humane education. (2) Medium-Long range 1. Amending the current inopportune laws and regulations as quickly as possible. (1) Amending inopportune laws and regulations as quickly as possible to enforce in accordance with the law. (2) Expanding participation and imitating and establishing the buffer zone, safeguard local aboriginals rights and interests. 2. Lead straight interested party's concept cognition. Second, suggestion on follow-up study. Due to limitation of research manpower, material resources, only six national parks are studied in this research including Shei-Pa, Yushan, Taroko (high mountain type) and Yangmingshan, Kenting, Kinmen ( level land type). Strongly suggest the follow-up researchers, in order to expand the research field to the forest region, forest class and forest and natural conservation police team of the policy unit of our country, can probe into all kinds of dependence topics of environmental justice more thoroughly. Key word: National park, the police personnel, the police of national park, state authority(or state power), environmental justice.
3

權力與空間形塑之研究-以台北市都市公園為例

廖淑婷, Liao Shu-ting Unknown Date (has links)
本研究以權力為主軸,來探討權力在公共空間中的運作。在權力部分,以「文化霸權」及「權力三面向」為理論基礎,闡述權力最高面向是如何以「意識型態」來運作,其又如何透過公共空間來展現。案例部分以台北市都市公園—二二八和平公園、中正紀念堂及大安森林公園公園為分析對象。最後則總結前述研究成果,並提出公共空間規劃的省思。 首先,本研究以葛蘭西(Gramsci)的文化霸權(Hegemony)及路克斯(Lukes)的權力第三面向來分析權力如何及為何透過意識型態來運作。指出權力以意識型態來展現時,會被視為一種比之武力較不殘忍的手段,能收編被統治者,使其成為一個無權力者。另外,在意識型態方面,則回顧台灣主流政治意識型態—「台灣意識」及「中國意識」,說明二種意識型態的歷史背景和發展,進而表示政治認同時常以文化認同為基礎。 其次,回顧都市公園的發展,從都市公園的歷史中尋找都市公園的功能及意義。說明由私園到公園的演變及從改善都市環境衛生到強調美化再到強調市民參與的過程,其實就是貴族或政府權力慢慢下放的過程。 接著,本研究以政府特質將時間分為日本殖民時期、國民政府接收日本政權至解嚴前、解嚴後民主時期等三個時期,透過二二八和平公園、中正紀念堂、大安森林公園的案例分析,來解析這些都市公園空間形式背後所呈現的意識型態及政治運作。在二二八和平公園案例中,不同時期分別擁有當時政治背景下的產物:日本殖民時期的總督府博物館、後藤新平銅像、廣播放送台;國民政府接收日本政權至解嚴前的五座北方官式亭閣;解嚴後民主時期的二二八紀念碑、二二八紀念館。這些空間的變遷充滿濃厚的政治意識型態。在中正紀念堂案例中,從建堂過程到空間設計,都充滿「中國意識」,可謂中國意識型態下的產物。而大安森林公園案例中,從體育館與森林公園之爭及觀音像去留問題分析中發現:公園空間形塑過程裡,由政府所賦予的政治色彩不再那麼濃厚,市民已能透過動員來改變政府的既定決策。 最後,對於前述研究發現總結出:要體現公共空間的公共性,可透過系統的組織、公開的資訊及智識的提升,以讓反霸權的機制來制衡霸權、且從權力的第三面向回歸到權力的第一面向。而更具體的作法將有待制度上衡平的設計,以走向民主化的常軌。
4

台灣地區國家公園土地使用管制之研究 / The land use control of National Park in Taiwan

陳秀美, Chen, Hsiu-Mei Unknown Date (has links)
台灣地區國家公園土地使用管制目前是以分區管制為主,許可制為輔。依據國家公園法之規定,國家公園區域內主要劃分為五大分區即生態保護區、史蹟保存區、特別景觀區、遊憩區與一般管制區。其中遊憩區與一般管制區為國家公園內僅可開發建築地區,然而劃設國家公園目的首重保育,因此國家公園內土地開發須兼顧保育,同時保育需要整體的土地使用規劃與管制;而目前國家公園內公私有土地並存,為顧及私人權益的情形下,土地使用規劃與管制又須兼顧私人權益。 由於分區管制長久實施結果無法考慮開發行為對環境的衝擊影響、較僵硬的管制方式未能因應未來自然與社經條件變化等管制體制上缺失;並且分區劃設經計畫審議公布後,直接賦與所有權人開發權力或禁止開發,對於財產權分配較不公平,造成園內土地所有權人抗爭。綜上所述,本研究即欲尋求能兼顧保育與開發、保障私有權益之土地使用管制方式。換言之,以開發許可制替代分區管制為國家公園土地使用管制方式。 本研究係經深入訪談及以舉辦座談會討論方式,釐清目前國家公園土地使用管制之課題,並參酌英國開發許可制運作模式與我國國內現行開發許可制進行比較分析,以作為建構國家公園開發許可制模式之基礎。 再者,最後所研擬實施國家公園開發許可制主要範圍為一般管制區與遊憩區;主要係從計畫架構、機關權責劃分、開發許可審核流程、審核內容等方面說明國家公園開發許可制之構想。
5

台灣國家公園設立問題之社會學分析

林珊如 Unknown Date (has links)
本論文分析台灣曾設立失敗或受阻的國家公園,探究為何在國家公園經營管理上國家能力會減弱?而國家和社會的互動又是如何影響著國家公園制度?從台灣的歷史脈絡、國家與社會結構下來理解政府設立國家公園遭遇的問題。 從日據時代開始國家公園制度就已引進台灣,本文發現台灣國家公園制度建立的過程和發展背景,造成了之後的種種問題:法律不周全和法律之間互相衝突矛盾、國家公園法制定時理念價值和保育有落差、移植自外國的法律跟台灣「水土不服」;而國家公園管理涉及多個不同的法律和機關,主管機關或相爭不下或「互推皮球」,更是國家公園治理問題的來源之一。原住民與國家公園的衝突,一方面是國家公園制度未尊重原住民的狩獵、採集文化,還有其法規和較嚴格的執法限制了原住民的經濟活動;另一方面,原住民長期處於弱勢和感受不被政府的尊重、照顧,讓原住民對於「國家」色彩濃厚的「國家公園」反感。 在台灣民主化之後的國家社會關係之下,雖然設立一個國家公園變得困難,但是有許多進步的想法與作法被提出,如生態智慧、共管機制等。筆者認為符合公民社會精神,由下而上、公眾參與的國家公園制度,才是人和自然「雙贏」的可能之道。最後筆者試圖以近年剛被引進台灣的「審議式民主」概念,來補充國家公園的共管機制。
6

都市中的保育行動:以富陽公園與巴克禮公園的社區參與為例 / Urban community-based conservation:the case of Fuyang and Barclay parks

李聯康, Lee, Lien Kang Unknown Date (has links)
「社基保育」(Community-Based Conservation)是強調「由下到上」(bottom-up)的自然資源管理模式。透過在地民眾的參與(participation),不僅減少政府在自然資源管理的支出,形成為社區居民認可的資源管理模式;更重要的,透過居民參與,社基保育連結地方自治(self-governance)與民主(democracy),實踐公共財合產(coproduction)與增效(synergy)的效果。因此社基保育不僅有生態保育的優勢,更有政治與經濟面的討論意義。 以往對社基保育的研究,多以鄉村或原住民地區的資源管理為研究範例,這些地區藉由居民的共議或傳統文化,獲得居民認同,刺激居民主動參與。然而若將研究焦點轉向都市地區,社基保育能否發揮相同功效?透過本研究的兩個案例—台北市富陽自然生態公園與台南市巴克禮紀念公園,社基保育在都市社區中仍有實行的可能。但相較鄉村與原民社區,都市社基保育的參與者更多,彼此溝通協調需要更多成本,形成集體行動也更不容易。本研究兩個案例中的里長,皆發揮動員居民的功能,並代表居民和其他參與者如政府、非營利組織溝通,降低居民參與的成本,營造居民集體行動的雛形。而政府、非營利組織與居民在社基保育過程中的關係,將影響社基保育能否達成在地落實的目標。 / Community-Based Conservation is the model emphasizing “bottom-up” power of managing natural resources. It reduces the government’s cost of resource management, and becomes a widely accepted model by the locals through their participation. Furthermore, it combines Coproduction, Synergy, local Self-Governance, and Democracy Governance through the locals’ direct participation. Therefore, Community-Based Conservation not only has advantage in ecological conservation, but also shows importance in politics and economics. Previously, the researches on Community-Based Conservation often take resource management models in rural and indigenous areas as their cases. These models obtain the residents’ identity and stimulate their active participation by their discussion or the influence of traditional culture. But if we transfer the researches’ focus to urban areas, can Community-Based Conservation play the same role? Through the two cases in this thesis: Fuyang Eco Park in Taipei and Barclay Memorial Park in Tainan, it is possible to implement Community-Based Conservation in urban areas. However, compared with rural and indigenous areas, there are more participators in urban areas. It costs more to make them coordinate and communicate with each other well. Consequently, it is very important to inspire the locals to participate in Community-Based Conservation. In these two cases, both Neighborhood magistrates construct the model by mobilizing the residents, communicating with different participators such as the government, non-profit organizations, and reducing the cost of their participation. The relationship between the government, non-profit organizations and the residents in the process of Community-Based Conservation will affect the fulfillment in urban areas.
7

太魯閣國家公園情境中的太魯閣人-政權、觀光與原住民的網絡關係 / The Taroko in the situation of Taroko National Park - a network among state,tourism and indigenous

鄭賢女, Cheng, Shien Nu Unknown Date (has links)
本篇論文研究的目的,即是以動態人文研究的方式,了解生活在國家公園情境中之太魯閣人的主體觀點,希望探究政權、觀光與原住民三者間的網絡關係。亦即,探討的焦點在於代表政權力量(相對於當地族群之外來支配力量)展現的太魯閣國家公園,其藉由保育及觀光等經營管理的理念和方式,與太魯閣人產生了什麼樣的互動關係?而太魯閣國家公園與太魯閣人對於雙方關係形成的認知及回應又是什麼?   本論文分為六章:第一章緒言;第二章乃探討近代太魯閣人於太魯閣國家公園成立前在社會文化等層面上的變遷;第三章要就太魯閣國家公園的設置與運作,說明太魯閣國家公園設置的目的及其組織概況,並且了解其經營管理的方式及其對「泰雅」圖像塑造的情形;第四章是探討參與國家公園事務及觀光活動之太魯閣人所處的工作情境如何?並欲了解國家公園的設立如何影響族人生計方式的變遷與持續?第五章則論及《國家公園法》等相關法令的矛盾及雙重標準,導致太魯閣人與國家公園的對立,並嘗試了解造成太魯閣人認知解放的因素,以及族群動員的過程與結果;第六章結論,說明本論文的研究發現與心得。
8

原住民族土地資源共同管理機制之研究—以新竹縣尖石鄉泰雅族部落為例

陳亭伊, Chen,Ting Yi Unknown Date (has links)
過去原住民保留地政策是政府為管理、安撫原住民的產物,延續至今,原住民保留地政策變成政府為保障原住民生計的手段,加之,近年國際思潮影響政府觀念轉變,原住民逐漸展現其自主性,經過努力爭取,促請政府頒佈「原住民族基本法」,因此,原住民族土地權利範疇從保留地延伸至傳統領域。 同時,更由於馬告國家公園設立事件及司馬庫斯櫸木事件的刺激,政府訂定「原住民族地區資源共同管理辦法」,重申政府應尊重原住民土地資源權利,與原住民族建立共同管理機制,賦予原住民參與土地資源決策及管理的權利,奠立未來原住民族自主管理的基礎,故而,本研究重點即在於原住民族土地資源的共同管理機制。 基此,本研究採取文獻回顧、模型分析、個案研究、焦點團體訪談、深度訪談、參與式觀察等研究方法,運用Hayami & Ruttan的制度變遷模型及Lars Corlsson(2005)的共同管理決策模式,選擇新竹縣尖石鄉泰雅族玉峰村馬里光部落群及秀巒村基那吉部落群為研究個案。 接著,本研究加以釐清研究個案範圍內各個地方社群或單位不同的土地利用方式、各種土地利用的需求及各自的發展目標;並就馬告國家公園、原住民族地區資源共同管理辦法與國家公園法修正草案中共同管理機制加以比較分析,深入剖析原住民地區範圍內資源治理區域的共同管理機制議題;且審視政府與原住民訂定的土地資源利用與管理之正式與非正式制度,透過個案分析瞭解原住民族與政府認知之間的落差,析論原住民族傳統土地利用方式與政府土地管理法令之扞挌之處,以檢驗台灣當前原住民族土地資源共同管理制度是否有其缺失。 最終,從上述議題討論中,思考未來原住民族土地的利用與管理制度應解決那些問題,及應如何整合政府主管機關與地方原住民之意見,並提出共同管理機制之設計原則建議,以供政府與部落建構共管機制之參考。 / Indigenous Reserved Land policy was a product of the government’s managing and placating indigenous people. Nowadays, it becomes a means for the government to secure the economy and livelihood in indigenous area. In the past few years, the international trend of indigenous discourse changed the government’s concept. Indigenous people gradually showed their subjectivity and made the government pass the “Indigenous Peoples Basic Law”. After that, the land right of indigenous people extends from limited Indigenous Reserved Lands to the wider traditional territory. Meanwhile, because of the debate over the setting of Magao National Park and the conflict happened in the Smagus Beech Event, the government issued the “Regulation of resource co-management in indigenous area”, which reaffirms that the government should respect the land/resource rights of indigenous people. It also states that the government should establish the co-management mechanism, empower indigenous people’s participation and decision rights in the land/resources management. It provides the base of indigenous people’s self-government. The purpose of this thesis is to study the co-management mechanism in the indigenous area. This study adopts research methods include literature review, model analysis, case study, focus group interview, in-depth interview, and participant observation. It applies both Hayami and Ruttan’s institutional innovation model and Lars Corlsson’s co-management model, and analyzes the cases in the Mrqwang and Knazi sub-groups of Atayal indigenous people. These two sub-groups are located in Yufeng Village and Xiuluan Village, Jianshin Township, Hsinchu County, according to the administrative district nowadays. This study clarifies the differences of land uses, land demands, and development goals between these two communities. In order to analyze the issues of co-management mechanism in indigenous area, this study compares the co-management mechanisms designed in “Magao National Park Plan Draft”, “Regulation of Resource Co-management in Indigenous Area”, and “Amendment Draft of National Park Law”. Further more, this study surveys the informal and formal land/resources institutions and analyzes the difference between the government and the indigenous people’s perceptions of these institutions. Afterward, it analyzes the conflicts between the government’s land management laws and indigenous traditional land uses, and points out the problems of indigenous land/resources co-management institution in Taiwan. At the end, this study summarizes the problems that indigenous land institution should solve in the future. It also makes suggestions to integrate the opinions of the governmental authorities and local indigenous people, so that the co-management mechanism can be established in principles.
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日治時期臺灣國立公園的設置與角色賦與 / The Estatblishment and Orientation of Taiwan's National Parks in Japanese Conlonial Period

唐伯良 Unknown Date (has links)
1931年(昭和6年)日本頒布〈國立公園法〉,1933年至1936年間(昭和8年-昭和11年)日本設置十二座國立公園:阿寒、大雪山、十和田、日光、富士(富士箱根)、日本アルプス(中部山岳)、吉野熊野、大山、瀨戶內海、阿蘇、雲仙、霧島國立公園,並且影響到殖民地臺灣國立公園的設置運動。 雖然日本指定的十二座國立公園沒有包含臺灣,但是在臺日人與臺灣人並沒有放棄在臺灣設置國立公園的希望,而是積極參與國立公園的設置,在1936年(昭和11年)臺灣總督府頒布〈國立公園法〉,1937年(昭和12年)設置三座國立公園:大屯、次高太魯閣、新高阿里山國立公園,得得注意的是次高太魯閣國立公園與日本的國立公園相比面積是最大,可見日本統治者並沒有忽略臺灣自然保護的重要性。 日治時期臺灣國立公園設置過程呈現當時自然保護觀念、民眾休閒、保健報國等功能,奠定國立公園的基礎並影響至今。而從臺灣各個國立公園相關協會,積極推動的過程中,塑造國立公園具有的日本形象:皇族、櫻花、神社與溫泉,引導旅人觀看國立公園的角度。
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我國專業警察常年教育訓練之研究-以國家公園警察大隊為例

李俊德 Unknown Date (has links)
因應二十一世紀「全球化」時代的來臨,無論私人企業或公務部門 ,無不以提高效能為首要之追求目標,藉以強化競爭力,其中最主要因 素在於人力資源,惟有人力資源不斷地被開發,工作知識傳承式累積以及組織能耐持續釋放,是任何成長型組織創造競爭優勢的基礎,管理大師Peter Drucker(2000)曾提出,未來的組織不是運用勞工而是知識工作者,所謂知識工作者,就是懂得如何運用知識從事生產的人(吳秉恩;2005)。 面對知識革命的浪潮,警察工作配合時代潮流演變,瞬息萬變,「在職訓練」(on-the-job training)是唯一立於不敗之地、不為潮流所淘汰的主要途徑之一,早期曾有位警政署署長曾喊出:「訓練是員警最大的福利」口號,突顯教育訓練之重要性,近期內政部更進一步、有效落實員警在職訓練之意涵,特於2003年4月定頒<警察常年訓練辦法>乙種,將警察之常年訓練之實施方式、種類,行諸於具體文字,展現高層決策者對於警察教育工作之重視。 研究教育訓練之相關理論者眾多,學者Goldstein(1986)指出訓練的基本架構大致包括:需求評估(Needs Assessment)、訓練與發展(Development)、評估(Evaluation)及訓練目標等四部分,國內學者吳秉恩(2002)以策略性人力培訓之觀點認為,進一步闡述實施員工培訓之合理程序:一、確定培訓需求,首要任務。二、決定培訓目標,計畫基礎。三、選擇培訓計畫,依序執行。四、執行培訓計畫,軟硬兼施。五、評估成效回饋,檢討改進。等具體之程序,本研究內容係藉由我國專業警察機關間,因其警察角色與一般行政警察之扮演不同,且各機關間屬性不一,其對於「專業訓練」重視之情形,對應於我國家公園警察專業訓練,作一全面性探討。 本文藉作者本身在國家公園警察大隊服務,且兼辦常年教育訓練業務多年之經驗實證分析,並探討國內外有關文獻,實際訪談有關人員,秉持「他山之石可攻錯」之精神,從多方面對於現況作研討,得到以下結論: 一、發現: (一)、目前專業警察的常年訓練存在的問題。 1.現有專業訓練設備不足。 2.專業訓練課程缺乏完整規劃。 (二)、國家公園警察常年訓練面臨的問題。 1.訓練設備不足。 2.專業職能學、術科學者、專家人才庫未建立,師資遴聘造成困難。 3.專業性的教育訓練器材缺乏。 4.訓練課程設計與規劃過於僵化。 5.部分專業課程缺乏書面輔助教材。 6.澄清部分受訪者易混淆的觀念。 二、建議: (一)、短期 1.積極籌劃專業人才庫及師資管道的建立。 2.常訓課程規劃應符合各隊特性。 3.妥加運用現有教學環境優勢。 4.建立完整專業訓練課程書面之教材。 5.鼓勵教官、助教的終身學習及在職進修。 (二)、中期 1.擬訂一套機制激發單位主管對訓練工作的重視及管考。 2.國家公園警察人力資源運用的調整。 3.訓練設備之增建。 4.民間資源運用及經驗交流。 (三)、長期 1.推動遠距或線上互動學習網絡。 2.成立國家公園警察刑事單位專責案件偵辦。 3.專業訓練設備的購置、增加訓練需求。 / With the forthcoming trend of the 21st century’s “globalization”, the private enterprises or the government departments try strenuously to raising the effectiveness as the pursuing goal so as to strengthening their competitive- ness. One of the main components is “human resources”. The foundations of any growing organization to create its superiority of competitiveness are to constantly developing “human resources”, to accu- mulatively inheriting work knowledge, and to continuously releasing the energy of this organization. Peter Drucker suggested in 2000 that the organizations of the future are not run by labors, but by knowledge workers. ( Wu, Bin-en, 2005) Facing the wave of knowledge revolution, police works have to do with the changing tides of the society. On-the-job training is one and the only way to cope with the elimination through competition. To focus on the importance of on-the-job training of the police, the Ministry of the Interior further issued a national “police on-the-job training measure” in April 2003 to make it more practicable. This on-the-job training measure fulfills the methods, the manners of training in specific words to show the respect of the police work among top management level. Among many researchers studied in the education and training fields, Goldstein (1986) pointed out that the essential structures of training included needs assessments, training and development, evaluation, and goals of training. Domestic researcher, Wu, Bin-en (2002), viewed with strategical aspects of human resources in cultivation and training, exerted that the ideal procedures of training employees would be: 1). To determine the need of training of employees as the priority. 2). To decide the goal of training as the foundation of training program. 3). To select training programs to execute orderly. 4). To execute training programs with the carrot or the club. 5). To evaluate and review training performances and feedbacks. Due to the different goals and roles between the specialized police agencies and administrative police agencies, this study overall studies the contents and the importance of the on-the-job trainings in specialized police agency—the National Park Police Corps. As a senior staff officer of the National Park Police Corps, and with several years of experiences in area of police on-the-job training, the author analyzed with experience and studied numerous documents in and abroad, personally interviewed relevant individuals. With the belief of “another’s suggestion can remedy one’s own defects”, the author tried in many aspects to discuss and came to the conclusions as follow: 1). To discover: A. the problems existed in the specialized police agencies: (a) inadequate facilities in specialized training, and (b) lack of complete plans in specialized training. B. the problems existed in the National Park Police Corps: (a) inadequate facilities in training. (b) short of specialized personnel both in academic and in martial circles, incomplete data bank of human resources. (c) lack of facilities in specialized training , especially those of ski, diving, ( mountain) climbing, upstream inspection, etc. (d) stiff training courses, lack of dedicate and complete planning or designing. (e) some specialized training programs are without written or printed documents, especially in martial art training. C. To clarify the confused concepts of the interviewed: Those who were interviewed tended to believe that insufficient training budgets and inadequate facilities in shooting ranges would affect training performances. They also tended to believe that, as sub-brigades of the National Park Police Corps scattered-situated, would affect learning performances. But, this study shows otherwise. 2). To suggest: A. to actively build up data bank of specialized personnel. B. to make a fitful training programs. C. to make good use superiorities of teaching environments. D. to collect some training documents and publish some reference books. E. to encourage instructors or assistant instructors to life- long learning or on-the-job studying. F. to set up a scheme to inspire the police chiefs to valuate and to pay attention to training programs. G. to adjust the human- resources of the National Park Police Corps. H. to increase the facilities in specialized training. I. to use of civil resources. J. to use distance learning or computer-assisted learning network. K. to add the section of criminal investigation. L. to increase the facilities and courses in specialized training.

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