近年來全球醫藥市場競爭越來越激烈，歐美製藥產業面臨：1.暢銷藥品專利即將到期、2.新藥產品生命週期縮短、3. 研發支出與產出不成比例、4. 健保藥價之削減，過去傳統藥廠以垂直整合方式開發新藥的方式已無法負荷艱困的產業環境。因此，開發新藥方式已從過去垂直整合轉向產業分工的方式，減低風險，提升新藥開發成功機會。因此，吾人可以預測這些廠商必須借用大量的外部資源才能快速地推出新藥。 目前我國新藥開發處於萌芽期，廠商規模小且較無經驗，加上國內過去以學名藥為主，因此，開發新藥一直是國內廠商的一個夢，也是製藥產業獲利最高的一項產品。然而，過去的研究重點往往著重在製藥產業相關業者發展策略、關鍵成功因素、營運模式或生技公司之創新管理、智財管理等層面探討，對於新藥開發流程的實務歷程的研究較少著墨。故本研究針對我國新藥開發公司的「新藥開發流程」進行研究，試圖以開放式創新觀點，探討其新藥開發流程中，專案團隊的外部技術網路與內部專案管理的關係，期能對於「團隊間之開放式創新管理」方面，提供一些實務上與學理上的貢獻。 本研究方法採個案分析法，文獻探討部分包含新藥開發流程、開放式創新、外部技術網路、專案管理，導出本研究之觀念性架構，以此理論架構發展出個案訪談問題，在研究中實地訪談四家之我國新藥開發廠商，並從中分析我國新藥開發流程中外部技術網路與專案管理之關係，透過個案分析推論我國新藥開發流程內、外部合作的關鍵成功因素。 本研究發現，新藥開發流程中，各階段技術不同，新藥開發專案團隊須清楚地界定本身的研發能力，才能有效連結外部技術資源。同時，專案團隊要能有效連結外部技術資源，團隊成員須擔任技術中介人，以促進適當的技術流進、流出，達成開放式創新。因此，選擇適當的技術中介人是新藥開發成功的關鍵因素。

(略) / Service-oriented Architecture (SOA) paradigm is an emerging architectural blueprint which enables flexible process-oriented application systems. While more and more enterprises plan to adopt SOA to increase reusability and flexibility of their business processes, the readiness of this technology becomes important to enterprises. However, previous SOA studies focus mainly on the technical issues but ignore the organizational or managerial issues. To fill this gap, this research aims to explore the factors of adopting SOA. Developed upon institutional theory and diffusion of innovation theory, we not only consider the technical factors with SOA adoption, but also pay attention to factors related with organizations and IT innovations. Furthermore, a content analysis of online Webs, blogs, and forums is taken to verify our research framework, and research findings indicate the relative advantage of SOA, compatibility of SOA, the characteristics of decision makers, culture, IT capability, and SOA socioeconomic characteristics are the most important drivers for SOA adoption. The contribution is summarized in two folds: (1) enterprises can use this framework as a reference to diagnose their organization conditions and then make a decision to adopting SOA; and (2) researchers can develop their study upon the constructs of this framework.

開放原始碼軟體平台與互補性資產建構—以Google與 Intel 為例 / Open source software is Open Innovation only if it has a business model driving it (West and Gallagher 2006). Open Innovation is the paradigm describing the scenario in which firms use a broad range of external sources for innovation and seek a broad range of commercialization alternatives for internal innovation (Chesbrough 2003). The Platform Leader builds the platform and concentrates its efforts on promoting and directing innovation of complementary products in favor of its R&D direction (Cusumano and Gawer 2002). The author has chosen leaders in two distinctive industry sectors— Google, the leader in search engine industry, and Intel, the leader in the microprocessor business for the personal computer industry—as the case study companies for this research. Both cases fit the definition of open innovation since both Google and Intel have specific business models for their open source software platforms. This research explores how industry leaders exploit open source software platforms to realize their specific strategic intents. The research problems are: (1) how companies can incorporate external creativity and innovation to maintain their own innovative momentum; (2) what are the key factors and strategies for building a successful open source software platform and its ecosystem; (3) how can a company use an open source software platform as part of its strategy to enter new markets and promote development of complementary assets to build its competitive advantages. The author proposes the following framework to analyze how leading firms design open source platform strategies: (1) analyze the firm’s core competencies; (2) analyze the firm’s strategic intent for their open source software platform; (3) analyze the firm’s strategies for designing the architecture of their open source software platform; (4) analyze the firm’s strategies for designing the ecosystem around the platform. Based on the analysis of the two comparative cases, the author has been convinced of the following propositions: 1. Firms can use open source software platform to incorporate external creativity and innovations that promote the development of complementary assets and to build or at least maintain their competitive advantage against competitors. 2. Instead of a purely open or purely proprietary platform strategy, platform owners can utilize a hybrid strategy, which combines the advantages of open source and closed source to retain control and differentiation. 3. As opposed to a company-owned open source software platform, a community-owned open source software platform will attract more communities’ involvements and stimulate more innovation. 4. When developing complementary assets, firms should adopt an open innovation approach to incorporate external creativity and innovations; however, when building their core competencies, firms should adopt a more closed innovation approach to maintain their distinctive competitive advantages. 5. One of the key determining factors of a successful open source platform strategy is the platform owner’s ability to create value and enable every partner within the ecosystem to share some portion of it.

近年來服務創新風起雲湧，由服務科學在世界研究之進展，可以看出「服務科學」將成為下一個熱門學科的風潮。國內外著名大學或研究中心投入甚多資源於服務科學之研究與人才培育，就算是製造業，對於服務的提供亦是相當重視，希望透過服務增加價值、強化競爭力，以利與同業進行對抗。因此在現今服務相關的學術領域中，如何透過服務創新以強化競爭力就變得是重要的議題。 本研究以服務創新為架構針對流程差異化進行探討，選擇我國筆記型電腦代工產業進行研究，期望能幫產業找到出路，也為服務創新開創新猷。我國筆記型電腦代工產業由於對於國際大廠之忠誠度與服務滿意度均獲肯定，是故世界上有90%的筆記型電腦代工均是由我國廠商進行，本研究以服務創新解析筆記型電腦產業，進而了解其流程差異化對於競爭力之影響。 本研究將使用Rob Bilderbeek與Pim DenHertog等學者於1998年8月發表之論文中指出服務創新的四個構面進行個案撰寫，素材則是深度訪談與次級資料並用，個案的公司是我國筆記型電腦第一大廠－廣達電腦（Quanta），以及由研究者立意選的華宇電腦（Arima）與精英電腦（Elitegroup）。最後將產業分析與個案分析進行比對，做出本研究之結論與建議，並針對流程差異化在筆記型電腦產業所引發的服務創新相關議題進行省思。 / The service innovation in Taiwan has been thriving in recent years. With the development of service science, we can see its future potential to be the next trend of popular study. Many famous colleges and research centers all over the world invest a lot in research of service science and the cultivation of the experts. Even a manufacturing industry will put a high emphasis on its services. They hope to compete with their counterparts by adding the value and strengthening their competiveness through service. Therefore, how to strengthen competitiveness through service innovation has become an important issue. This research will use service innovation as a framework to discuss process differentiation, expecting to find much more profound thoughts of innovation services and then open a new gate for industry. Taiwan’s notebook computer fundry industry composes 90 percent in the world market thanks to the acknowledgement from global brand-names in terms of loyalty to the brand and satisfaction of service. This research will analyze the notebook industry from the aspect of service innovation and then the effect of process differentiation has on competitiveness. Rob Bilderbeek and Pim DenHertog’s essay in August 1998 discussing service innovation in four dimensions are used in my essay, which are: new service concept, new client interface, new service delivery system and technological options. Interviews in depth and secondary data will be used at the same time. The case studies included are Quanta, Arima and Elitegroup. Quanta have the largest scale in Taiwan notebook industry which may be resulted from their service innovation that enhances their competitiveness. Through their case, I hope to find the edge of those similar companies in Taiwan. To sum up, this research touches on the innovation services especially of notebook computer industry. Comparing industry analysis and case study can lead us to think about the following issues: whether service innovation is easy to be come up with, whether there are too many similar aspects in this industry, what competitive situation or custom can lead to such a desirable result, and how we can deal with the problem when there are too many people doing the same thing.

臺灣的太陽能光電產業發展於2000年起發展快速，產值於2008年突破千億新台幣，太陽能光電產業從零到有僅經歷了十幾年的時間，其原因在於臺灣本身擁有良好的半導體技術基礎以及優良的人力素質，也因對於石油煤炭這類能源過度依賴，臺灣缺乏此類資源的情況下，積極發展太陽能光電產業成為了一條尋求替代再生能源的可行之路，本論文將探討臺灣發展太陽光電產業的優勢與發展模式為何，臺灣廠商又如何保持競爭優勢以因應全球化的競爭。 太陽能光電產業在台灣的發展與競爭為本論文研究之核心，在環保意識高漲以及其技術落後於其他先進國家的同時，臺灣太陽能光電產業面對國際競爭，在矽晶片型、薄膜型電池或第三代電池發展中，如何以臺灣原有之產業優勢創造利基；另外，從國家創新系統之發展模式中探討政府、公部門與私部門研究機構在太陽能光電產業發展過程中的位置為何，此一研究不僅討論其在臺灣太陽能光電產業技術升級上是否為推動者，同時檢視在全球化競爭中，政府、研究機構與產業其未來的方向為何。 / The development of photovoltaic industry in Taiwan has grown rapidly since 2000, and the output value surmount 100 billion NT Dollars in 2008. Because of Taiwan has an exceptional semiconductor and TFT-LCD manufacturing technology foundation and an excellent quality of manpower. Photovoltaic industry in Taiwan only takes less than two decades to expand to 5th main manufacturer in the world. Promoting photovoltaic industry is not only a way to solve the excessive dependence on the traditional energy, but also to find an alternative renewable energy for Taiwan. The research explores the advantage and development mode of photovoltaic industry in Taiwan, and researchs how photovoltaic manufacturers maintain the competitive advantage to compete against other foreign manufacturers in the globalization age.

組織面對整體科技水準快速進步以及產業環境競爭日益激烈之衝擊，不僅必須持續突破既有技術侷限性，同時也要因應顧客多樣化產品服務需求而積極朝向差異化與創新化途徑發展，然而組織缺乏創新知識與能力勢必需要透過導入創新技術方式，將外部技術價值整合至內部創價流程系統，並且擬定整合結構以及管理機制組合設計來落實與擴散創新技術之創價利益，進而帶動本身產品服務創價能力升級以及提升組織競爭力。專業服務型組織面對外部顧客服務需求高度多樣化與異質性，同時內部多重產品線創價流程彼此銜接與連結模式錯綜複雜，使得組織必須需要因應外在環境變化以及內部創價策略目標，積極調整創新策略導向以及產品流程與資源組合之創價模式，進而運用各種整合結構與管理模型設計來發揮專業分工與彈性互補之創新整合能力，方能創造出更符合顧客需求以及更具市場競爭力之高品質專業服務。 本研究主要探討中型醫療機構導入創新技術之情境脈絡因素、創價模式以及整合模型設計特性之複雜關係。本研究採取個案研究法先針對一家先導個案機構進行探索性研究，同時參酌重要理論觀點來引導說明觀念性架構中的重要關係命題，後續再選取兩家合適個案機構來進行驗證性研究；綜觀三家個案醫院導入創新技術來實踐擴散性創價利益歷程所進行探索性與驗證性研究結果，主要結論如下：首先，醫療機構主要基於符合該醫院高層經營者追求創價轉型目標而導入創新技術，該醫院亦提供醫療團隊成員追求自我實現之創新發展空間，同時因應外部醫療技術發展趨勢以及內部不同創新技術創價整合能力條件因素，進而採取不同差異化策略取向來攫取導入醫療技術之創新價值。其次，醫療機構所擬定創新導入創價模式採取不同創價策略取向，將會引導產品流程設計特色展現出不同設計特徵，同時創價策略取向所具備之價值創造動因組合乃塑造出不同價值構形特性，進而促使管理者必須在不同價值構形中，因應不同整合內涵來設計適當之整合結構與管理機制組合，方能實踐出導入創新技術之創價利益。再者，不同價值構形之整合模型設計特性亦有所差異，亦即三種價值構形主要整合標的內容不同，因而該醫院所擬定整合結構特性以及採取整合機制組合亦展現出不一樣設計形貌。 本研究探究觀念性架構所展現之重要概念意涵如下：一、不同創新導入創價動機發起方式受到商業機會因素之影響程度也有所差異；二、創新導入面臨價值目標、外部技術趨勢以及內部能力條件三者交互作用愈強，則創新導入速度愈快；三、創價模式主張不同差異化策略搭配產品流程設計將展現出不一樣之產品服務特性；四、組織調整創價導向組合方式將促使本身價值構形特性隨之改變；五、各種價值構形所著重知識整合類型有所不同，使其管理機制組合特性也有所差異。

企業透過創新以積極回應環境變遷的要求。企業新產品或服務的創新程度應依環境的需求決定。面對環境變遷，顧客需求可能改寫，企業如何取得正確的顧客需求成為重要問題；相反的，身處顧客需求已知的環境，競爭的重點轉為產品的品質與成本，企業內部如何充分分享知識以提升產品品質與降低成本成為重要議題。成功創新的企業是「如何」採行知識網路定位獲取所需要的新顧客需求及產品品質與成本等創新驅動因素，提升知識基礎與知識策略並進而影響創新能力？知識網路定位、知識基礎與知識策略對於創新能力的影響「有多大」？台灣資訊電子業又是如何透過知識網路定位同時達成上述的知識處理過程，提升創新能力？本研究試圖回答這些問題。 企業回應環境變遷所採行的企業策略可分為積極回應環境的前瞻者〈Prospector〉、固守環境穩定的防衛者〈Defender〉以及兼具前二者部份特色、試圖極大化獲利機會並同時極小化風險的分析者〈Analyzer〉(Miles et al., 1978)。企業回應環境的創新能力從本身具備的技術基礎與滿足市場需求所需具備技術間的差異程度可區分為激進式創新以及漸進式創新。文獻中對於企業創新能力的探討，主要有知識策略以及知識基礎二大觀點，知識策略強調企業回應環境需求變遷程度，設定新產品或服務創新程度、所需的激進式或漸進式創新能力，進而決定投資資源於探索新知識以及運用既有知識專案的比例，經由探索策略以及運用策略，提升企業回應環境需求的創新能力；知識基礎則強調企業的人力資本、組織資本以及社會資本等知識存量是提升企業創新能力的關鍵因素。如何調和知識基礎與知識策略產生正向的交互作用是提升企業創新能力的重要議題 (Cook & Brown, 1999)。 本研究檢視上述相關文獻，指出社會資本與人力資本、組織資本特性上的差異。鑲嵌不同社會資本〈新市場機會及信任〉的不同知識網路定位〈相對創業型定位及相對緊密型網路〉在環境變遷中提供企業不同程度的取得新市場機會〈如相對創業型定位有助於企業了解新市場顧客需求〉，促進知識基礎與知識策略對於企業創新能力的提升。本研究並且進一步在分析者企業策略的框架下，提出創新能力為因變數、知識策略與知識基礎為自變數、知識網路定位為調節變數的研究假設模型。 接著，本研究進行質性及量化實證研究，質性研究是從個案研究資料庫找出研究個案數量相對多且品質佳的創新個案：1980年代製造業的昇陽二號以及1990年代服務業的亞馬遜網路書店，逐篇檢視找出對應相關變數及其間關係，以初步檢驗本研究的研究模型。接著，為一般化本研究模型的解釋力，從重要的量化實證文獻中找出衡量各變數的問項整理成問卷，以台灣資訊電子業上市企業共341家為母體樣本，寄發問卷給各家企業之經理人，共取得69份有效問卷〈有效回收率為20.23%〉，將這些問卷資料以淨最小平方法演算後分析發現，採行分析〈者〉企業策略的台灣資訊電子業上市企業的實證資料支持絕大部分研究假設。在著重漸進式創新、漸進式創新專案對於激進式創新專案人力資本有顯著排擠效果的設計製造代工思維下，企業的知識網路定位透過知識策略與知識基礎提升創新能力。 本研究基於實證結果，除在理論上以知識網路定位銜接知識基礎與知識策略顯著提升對於創新能力的解釋力以及從產業創新階段觀點解答目前文獻對於組織知識網路定位的矛盾：同時採行相對創業型定位及相對緊密型網路成效差 (e.g., Koka & Prescott, 2008) vs. 同時採行二種知識網路定位成效好 (e.g., Capaldo, 2007) 外，同時也對實務提出建言：經理人應觀察產業所處的創新階段決定所需要提升的創新能力〈激進式或漸進式〉，盤點知識基礎〈人力資源及組織資本〉，透過知識網路定位〈相對創業型定位或相對緊密型網路〉與知識策略〈相對知識探索或相對知識運用〉的搭配，提升所需的創新能力。 / Firms aggressively respond to environmental change through innovations. Radicalness of innovations should be guided by environmental demand, or customers’ requirement. When customers’ requirement changes or is unknown, how do firms explore customers’ requirement becomes a crucial question. Contrarily, when customers’ requirement is known or unchanged and competition emphasizes on product/service quality and cost, how do firms exploit knowledge to increase quality or/and to decrease cost becomes a crucial question (Abernathy & Utterback, 1978). How does an innovative firm successfully adopt a proper knowledge networking which acquires above drivers (i.e., new customer requirement, product quality/cost) and facilitates the firm’s knowledge base and knowledge strategy to increase innovation capability? To what extent of knowledge networking, knowledge bases and knowledge strategies combine to affect firm innovation capability? This study tries to answer these questions. According to firms’ responsive degree to environmental change, firms can be categorized into Prospectors, Analyzers, and Defenders from a corporate strategy perspective (Miles et al., 1978). ‘Prospectors’ aggressively respond environmental changes, ‘Defenders’ pursue a stable environment, ‘Analyzers’ attempt to minimize risk while they maximize profit. Corporate strategy directs how does a firm respond environmental change and pursue innovation capabilities (Koka & Prescott, 2008). According to discrepancy degree between market demand and firms’ existing technologies base, innovation capabilities which firms pursue can be categorized into radial innovation capability and incremental innovation capability. Two major schools argue different sources of innovation capability. Knowledge-based scholars (e.g., Subramaniam & Youndt, 2005) argue that innovation capability is from firms’ knowledge (e.g., human capital, organization capital and social capital) utilization and accumulation. Contrarily, knowledge strategy scholars (e.g., Atuahene-Gima, 2005) emphasize importance of adaption. Firms are required to adapting to environmental change, setup radicalness of new product or innovation capability, and deicide resources allocating on exploration projects or/and exploitation projects. Firms increase innovation capability through knowledge exploration strategy and knowledge exploitation strategy. Knowledge-base perspective indicates source of firms’ innovation capability. However, it assumes environment changes slowly or companies are able to dominate environmental change. Contrarily, knowledge strategy perspective indicates direction of firms’ innovation capability for adapting to environment. However, it assumes firms’ knowledge base is fruitful and can be utilized for strategy execution. How does a firm positively interplay knowledge base and knowledge strategy to increase innovation capability is a crucial question (Cook & Brown, 1999). I review literature and firstly indicate that social capital’s characteristic is different from human capital and organization capital. Different degrees of knowledge networking (relatively entrepreneurial positioning and relatively prominent networking) embedding different social capital (new opportunities and trust) facilitates firms’ new opportunities accessibility to increase innovation capability via knowledge base and knowledge strategy. This research deducts eight hypotheses and builds a model which includes innovation capability (dependent variable), knowledge base and knowledge strategy (independent variable), and knowledge networking (moderating variable). Further, I conduct a qualitative research and a quantitative research to test the model. I find Sun-2 workstation in 1980s and Amazon.com website innovation cases from databases and elucidate corresponding variables relationships. Then, I collect items which measure variables from premier journals’ articles to generate a survey questionnaire. I send questionnaires to 341 Taiwan ICT firms’ managers. The firms are listed on Taiwan Stock Exchange. Final 69 effective samples are received (return rate = 20.23%). I use PLS to analyze the data and find that most hypotheses are supported. This quantitative research finds that Taiwan ICT firms emphasize on incremental innovation capability, and incremental innovation projects cannibalize radical innovation projects in human capital, knowledge networking influences innovation capability via knowledge base and knowledge strategy. This research concludes that 1. knowledge networking bridges the gap between knowledge base and knowledge strategy and increases innovation capability, 2. Corresponding knowledge networking, knowledge base, knowledge strategy, and innovation capability on distinct stages of industrial innovation resolves knowledge networking dilemma: A firm which simultaneously adopts relatively entrepreneurial positioning and relatively prominent networking performs worse (e.g., Koka & Prescott, 2008) or better (e.g., Capaldo, 2007), 3. Managers should determine innovation capability portfolio (relatively more radical innovations or relatively more incremental innovations?) by product market’s stages of industrial innovation, check existing knowledge base (human capital and organization capital), adopt corresponding knowledge networking (relatively entrepreneurial positioning or relatively prominent networking), knowledge base and knowledge strategy (relatively exploring knowledge or exploiting knowledge) to increase determinative innovation capability.

本研究所選取的研究對象是太陽能技術領域中的相關研究單位，之所以選擇太陽能產業主要有幾點原因：1. 全球可利用能源有限，各界紛紛發展相關再生能源技術，而太陽能技術領域為目前最被看好的方向，所以太陽能技術之議題研究實為刻不容緩。2. 以往探討太陽能相關文獻，大都從太陽能的產業面及發展商機等做一探討，而鮮以從專案層次的技術管理層面切入，本研究認為欲探求太陽能領域之技術發展，必須從技術知識的基本特性著眼，並深入研討其技術管理過程為何，另外，技術也是知識的一種，故而技術管理自然會牽涉到知識管理。3. 一般技術在發展歷程中，會依循特定軌跡來累積成長，這個特性在太陽能產業尤其明顯，而國內卻一直沒有專門研究太陽能技術的系所，所以，有關太陽能產業中其技術來源及發展軌跡，實為一有趣而值得探究的議題。 目前國內的太陽能產業鏈，從上游端到下游端分別包括晶片、電池、模組以及系統應用等，本研究主要針對上述領域之技術研究單位來探討主要兩個研究問題： 1. 太陽能技術領域中，關鍵的技術知識特性為何? 2. 太陽能研究單位在技術發展過程中，其知識創新的管理活動為何?這些活動又如何受到技術知識特性的影響? 本研究從技術知識特性及知識的創新管理活動兩構面，藉由個案訪談的方式，深入探討技術單位在技術發展過程，兩構面之相互影響及造成的結果為何。最後，本研究經過個案訪談整理以及其他次級資料分析，以及經過相關學者文獻的學理驗證結果，得到以下幾點的研究發現：   1、 技術知識的創新程度會影響知識創造活動的團隊型態 2、 技術知識的變動程度會影響知識創造活動的外部網路關係 3、 技術知識的複雜度會影響團隊成員的多元化程度 4、 技術知識的專質性會影響知識創造活動的新工具/程序之產生方式 5、 不同的技術生命週期會影響知識創造活動的實驗或原型試製的方式 另外，經過研究個案之歸納分析後，除了五項主要的研究發現外，還有兩個其它的重要發現，分別如下 1、 太陽能領域的技術研究單位會依循特定路徑累積其動態能耐 2、 依技術研究單位願景與定位的不同，其技術策略發展也有所不同 / This thesis focuses on the photovoltaic industry in Taiwan, especially for the research unit of solar tech. The reasons are several aspects listed. 1. The energy in the world is limited, and more and more firms start to find the way to new kind of energy. Among lots of renewable energy technologies, solar tech. is most emphasized. To find more details about the solar tech. is important. 2. Most of formal thesis focused on the opportunities about the solar market, but few discussed about the technology characteristics and management of solar tech. But as we know, technology is one kind of knowledge, and tech. management is certainly related to knowledge management. 3. The technologies in many fields always follow the special trajectory, and the solar tech. is no exception. So it’s interesting to find the sources of solar tech. and to find how the solar technologies make further progress. The solar industry in Taiwan mainly includes technologies of wafer, cell, module, and system application. The main goal of this thesis focuses on the research units that deal in solar technology, and the thesis has two principal questions for discussion as followed: 1. What are the key characteristics of technology in solar field? 2. What are the activities of knowledge management in solar field? And the thesis has structural frame consists of two elements: the characteristics of tech. knowledge and the knowledge management. By interviewing the related research units in solar field and other data for assists, the research has discovered some interesting results: 1. The degree of tech. innovation would affect the team type. 2. The degree of tech. variation would affect the connection to external units. 3. The degree of tech. complexities would affect the diversification of team numbers. 4. The degree of tech. exclusion would affect whether the research units make new tools/procedures by oneself or directly buy in. 5. Different stage of tech. life cycle would affect the experiment ways or different prototype. Besides, by the analyses of the cases, the thesis also finds other two results about the characteristics of solar industry. They are listed as followed: 1. The research units of solar field would follow specialized trajectories to build their core competence. 2. Depending on different vision in the solar field, the research units have different development strategies.

RFID(無線射頻技術)產業發展一直政府所支持與關注的重點，隨著近年來我國政府持續執行RFID 公領域推動辦公室及2008 RFID 加值應用旗艦示範計畫，再再顯示政府重視RFID 產業發展成效，並將RFID列為政府施政重點，如何有效推動產研合作、落實技術開發、移轉成果予產業界，進一步透過技術創新，提升我國RFID產業持續發展與落實成果效益，是本研究主要的研究課題。 本研究藉由文獻探討之回顧，從RFID 技術介紹、全球RIFD 產業現況分析、我國RFID 產業現況、我國RFID 公領域推動辦公室計畫、各國 RFID 創新應用實例介紹，進而討論各國RFID 產業推動政策，最後，以未來我國RFID 產業發展機會與政府推動政策建議為結論。 本研究針對RFID 全球、區域、日本、我國市場分析，並將美國、歐盟、日本、韓國等各國RFID 產業推動政策彙總整理，探討RFID 台灣未來發展機會，進而提出未來我國政府RFID 推動政策之主要問題與挑戰，作為後續我國RFID 產業發展之參考。 / The government always supports and concern about the development of RFID industry. Recently, RFID promotion office of public region and Value-added application of RFID flagship model program in 2008 are main projects of our government. Obviously, the government pays much attention to the RFID industry development, and regards RFID as a policy focus. However, how to promote collaboration between research institutions and industries effectively, the implementation of technology development, through technological innovation to enhance the sustainable development of RFID industry and the implementation of the outcome of effective are main topics in this paper . According to the literature Review, we discuss the RFID technology, global RFID industry analysis, domestic RFID industry analysis, domestic RFID promotion office of public region, global RFID innovation case study. Moreover, we discuss the RFID policy of all over the world. Finally, we offer the conclusion that is the opportunity of Taiwan RFID industry development and the recommend of government’s policy in the future. This research is aimed at the analysis of RFID’s global market. and combine with the RFID industry policy in America, European Union, Japan, and Korea to discuss the opportunities of RFID industry in Taiwan for the near future. Pointing some main problems and challenges of the RFID industry policy that could be useful f domestic RFID industry development in the near future.

自2007年Eee PC刮出一陣小筆電的旋風，由07年一直紅到09年，這段過程中爭議不斷，很多廠商當作是金融海嘯下的神兵利器，也有很多廠商認為是讓筆電產業變紅海的致命毒藥；而眼前看到的事實包括07連續兩年亞馬遜網路賣場的熱賣，與華碩在08年第四季因庫存過多導致的首次虧損等，這些狀況更讓人覺得是霧裡看花，究竟小筆電的產業趨勢會如何發展，廠商又該如何制定競爭策略與規劃產品發展呢?本研究的目的就是要藉由研究小筆電的消費者行為，進而發掘小筆電的產業趨勢，並協助廠商制定競爭策略並規劃產品發展。 本研究以Sheth的消費價值(Consumption Value)模式為基礎，再配合消費者行為區隔(Segmentation)與Kotler產品屬性理論中的核心利益(Core Benefit)與基本產品(Basic Product)發展為本研究的研究架構，調查方式是以線上問卷的便利取樣法調查小筆電的潛在顧客，研究方法則先由因素分析找出樣本的消費價值，再藉由多變量分析以了解消費者的購買行為間消費價值的差異，藉以判斷不同購買時期、不同購買行為的消費者在數量與消費價值的趨勢，最後再檢定消費價值與產品屬性的相關系數來判斷該如何根據消費價值調整核心利益的發展方向與基本產品的規格，並配合檢定結果和敘述統計來分析小筆電的產業趨勢。 本研究透過實證分析得到以下的發現： 1. 四項消費行為在性別、年齡層、職業類型、年收入間至少有一項具有差異。 2. 消費者整體而言，較認同小筆電帶來的功能性價值與情境性價值 3. 四項市場區隔至少有一項消費價值具有顯著差異 4. 以調查的時間點來說，不同時期的已購者與未購者間的情境性價值有顯著差異，代表已購者受情境性因素決定購買小筆電。 5. 以調查的時間點來說，有意願在未來不同時期購買小筆電的消費者與沒有意願的消費者在社會性、情感性、情境性價值有顯著差異，代表未來影響消費者購買小筆電的因素以非功能性價值居多。 6. 已購者占有意願購買者的增加與已購者有六成比例不願意再次購買都意味著小筆電市場有可能逐漸成熟甚至衰退，廠商須重視情境性與情感性價值。 7. 有意願消費者的購買預算中位數落在一萬到一萬五千元之間，此價位購買者的新奇性價值顯著較高，而更高價位消費者的玩家專業性價值顯著較高。 8. 消費價值在消費者的各品牌偏好間無顯著差異。 9. 各消費價值與核心利益間至少有一項顯著相關，有意願購買的消費者最期待的核心利益是輕便可攜與價廉物美。 10. 各消費價值僅三項跟基本產品的升級意願有顯著相關，有意願購買的消費者最願意付費的產品屬性是品牌、處理器與電池。 / After Eee PC announced in 2007, the netbook blow a tornado until now. In this period, many people applauded and believe the netbook will be hot continuously. But, many people thought the netbook will fades gradually. The manufacturers had two different opinion, too. Many of them regarded the netbooks are sharp weapon under the financial crisis. Another though the netbooks were fatal toxicant and made the notebook industry became red sea. These opinions were confused. Beside these opinions, many facts made forecasting the trend of the netbook more difficult. We knew the netbook won the 2007 and 2008 best-sellings in Amazon online store. But we knew ASUS showed the first loss in 2008 Q4 because of excessively stock of netbook, either. All facts were just like fog, let us cannot figure out the netbook industry tendency. Therefore this research is to discover the netbook industry tendency and to help the manufacturer plan competition strategy and the product development. This research is based on the conceptual framework composed by the Sheth(1991) consumption value pattern as foundation, the consumer behavior segmentation theory and Koteler(2006) product attribute theory. We adopt on-line questionnaire to survey potential customer by convenient sampling method in this research. We use the factor analysis to find out consumption value, use MANOVA, ANOVA, Scheffe and Tamhan analysis to understand market trendancy among different periods and different consumer behaviors. Finally, we examine correlation coefficient between the consumption value and the product attribute to find the clue of product roadmap. This research obtains following findings: 1. Four consumer behaviors show at least one difference among sex, age, job and salary. 2. As for the whole, the consumers agree the functional value and the conditional value of the netbook. 3. Four segment approachs show at least one difference among seven consumer values. 4. The consumers who buy the netbook in the different period show remarkable difference in the conditional value. 5. The consumers who will purchase the netbooks in the future different time and those who won’t buy show remarkable difference among the social value, the emotional value and the conditional value. 6. Repeat buyer will become the majority of buyers in the future. And 60% buyer won’t purchase the netbook again. That mean the netbook market has the possibility become mature market even to decline gradually in the future. The manufacturers must focus on the conditional value and the emotional value. 7. The budget of the consumers who are willing to purchase fall on NT 10,000 to 14,999 dollars , whose epistemic value is remarkablly higher than others. The higher budget (NT$15,000 ~ NT$24,999) consumers’ player and perfessional value is remarkablly higher than others. 8. These consumers who perfer different brands show no difference among consumption values. 9. Consumer prefer convenient and cheap among six core benefits of the netbook. Each consumption value has at least a remarkable correlation with a core benefit. 10. Consumers prefer better brand, CPU and battery among ten basic product attributes of the netbook. Only three consumption values show the remarkable correlation with the basic product. Keywords: netbook, consumption value, consumer behavior, product attribute, segmentation, product life cycle, industrial tendency, innovation diffusion