摘要 核心能力往往是企業在競爭激烈的商場中賴以生存之憑藉，然而環境變動程度劇烈使得各企業固有之核心能力面臨挑戰，學界紛以提出核心能力僵化、核心能力無效論來解釋此一現象。近來台商赴大陸投資之熱潮，從媒體工作者不斷提出不同標題如「該西進，亦或是上進」可見一斑。然而台商在台灣賴以競爭之核心能力，移轉至大陸後仍能保持其競爭優勢嗎？或是僅需因地制宜而稍加改變後，仍能發揮其效果？ 動態能力說由核心能力說演化而來，而因應環境之改變而迅速調整自身之核心能力乃動態能力說最為強調且關切者。而探討能力移轉模式的學說甚多，但多是考慮因應政治法律、社會文化、經濟，以及教育等因素而選擇不同的模式移轉。而對於經營知識因應環境的修正，本研究將調整方式分為「本質」的調整與「程序」的調整來作為區分其調整經營知識之依據。 本研究依據文獻整理之結論，以核心能力觀點與環境、時間變數提出動態能力之新定義。本研究認為，在母國企業的核心能力，因為母國企業至地主國設廠或合資，使得核心能力至地主國需要調整與修正，而造成核心能力的組成與發展都可能有所不同。此種因應環境而不斷改變組織之核心能力的過程，即為「動態能力」的概念。此種定義與過往學者所強調之不同在於時間變數之加入，能夠清楚看出過去之核心能力與修正後之核心能力其動態變化的過程，以補過往學者僅探討單一時點核心能力之不足。本研究以前往大陸投資之台商為個案探討對象，共計五個個案。個案進行之程序從該公司前往大陸投資之目的為起始，進而找出其在台灣之核心能力。而後，由能力移轉至大陸時，所需因應當地環境等因素之不同而修改的能力有若干、程度為何著手。最末者，將各公司因應當地環境所需新創之能力作一描述與探討。 本研究所探討之個案公司所前往大陸之目的幾乎都以成本為首要考量，其次以市場因素而前往投資者亦不在少數。分析各個案研究公司後，有以下命題：所欲移轉核心能力之技術知識複雜度、內隱程度愈高，能力移轉模式愈傾向直接投資。母公司對於投資之地主國公司所有權擁有程度愈高，能力移轉程度愈高。台商所前往地主國環境愈複雜、條件因素愈弱，以及地主國公司目標差異與母公司愈大者，該企業能力移轉修正與新創能力之程度愈高。地主國之生產條件因素愈差、支援與相關產業表現愈差、地主國對產品需求本質與母國差異愈大、地主國企業策略、結構，以及競爭狀態與母國差異愈大，能力移轉修正程度愈大。企業愈傾向內銷市場導向，需要在地主國創造新能力的傾向愈強。此外，本研究亦發現，企業因其處於產業價值鏈上位置之不同，將因而影響其前往地主國投資之動機。 本研究所提出之動態能力觀點，不僅適用於學術上之研究，亦能給予產業界些許建議。第一，由母國移往地主國之移轉模式是否與該企業核心能力之技術特質相對應。第二，對於地主國企業之所有權擁有程度是否與移轉模式之選擇相對應。第三，欲前往之區域其鑽石體系是否能提供該企業未來策略擬定之支持。第四，內銷導向之企業，對於法令之知曉程度需較外銷導向之企業靈通。第五，瞭解自身處於產業價值鏈之位置，並且對於企業本身所能提供之價值單元做一界定，使得赴大陸投資之動機與核心能力相互呼應與搭配。此外，本研究亦對後續研究之學者提出部分建議。第一，往後可針對企業單一核心能力（如生產能力）作動態能力之分析，可收專精且深入之效。第二，未來研究學者可接續探討能力移轉後，對地主國產業或企業之擴散效應。第三，研究可始自核心能力在母國之形成與背後之原因，如此可與移轉後能力需修正之原因相互對應，或許所研究出之成果，更值得產業界作為赴大陸投資前之參考。 / Abstract Core capabilities are the basic elements by which an enterprise could survive in the competitive business field. However, the violent variation of the environment makes the innate core capabilities of the enterprise face the challenge. Therefore, the academic community proposes “rigidity core capabilities” and “invalidity of core capabilities” to explain why the enterprises’ inability to face the variation of environment would occur. Nowadays, it has been a fever that more and more Taiwan’s entrepreneurs invest in Mainland China. The trend is also definitely revealed by the headline of the magazine such as “should we move westward to Mainland China or go forward by ourselves rooting in Taiwan?” Could core capabilities, which the enterprises implement in Taiwan, still sustain competitive advantages when transferring in Mainland China while transferred into local branches in Mainland China? Or is it possible that core capabilities may be transferred slightly to suit the measure to local conditions and could become more effective in the new region. The theorem of dynamic capabilities, evolving from core capabilities, highly emphasizes and deeply concerns that the ability of adjusting capabilities to fit in the variation of the environment. There are lots of debates over the capabilities transferring models, which is based on differences of the political, social, cultural, and educational factors. In an attempt to clarifying the modification path of business knowledge, this research adopts two business knowledge adjusting methods: nature modification and process modification. Basing on scholars’ concerning research documents, this research generates the new definition of dynamic capabilities: core capabilities, environment variations, and time variables. In this research, originally-existed core capabilities, with corporations investing in or joint ventures in the host countries, will be modified to adjusting into current circumstances. This process, which modified core capabilities of the organization to adopt different environments, is so-called “dynamic capabilities”. This definition could find out the process of the dynamic variation, which is from core capabilities in the past to modified ones. This research discusses those who invest in Mainland China and there are 5 cases totally. The analytic process of these cases is in a logical way. Starting from finding out the objective of investing in Mainland China and then look for theirs’ core capabilities in Taiwan. When transferring capabilities to Mainland China, Taiwan enterprises’ modified capabilities for fitting into the different environments would be found out. The last part, capabilities created for local conditions would be described and discussed. The objective of the 5 cases in this research all concerns about the cost and market issues. After analyzing these companies, we could obtain the proposition: if the complexity of technical knowledge of transferring core capabilities is higher, the tendency of transferring model would be direct investment; if the ownership of the investing company is higher, the level of transferring capabilities would be higher; if the environment of host country is more complex, the level of capabilities modified and created would be higher; if the performance of supporting and related industry is worse, the level of capabilities modified would be higher. Besides, the different places on the industry value chain would affect the objective of investing in host country. The dynamic capabilities perspective proposed by this research not only suits for academic community, but also could give some suggestion for industrial circles. First of all, is the transferring model highly related to the technical characteristic of core capabilities? Secondly, is the level of ownership of host enterprise highly related to transferring model? Thirdly, does the supporting and related industry of that area support enterprise’s future strategy? Fourthly, enterprises selling in the host country should learn more about the legal issues than exporting enterprises. Fifthly, to understand which place enterprises themselves are in the industry value chain and which value unit they could offer to fit in the objective of investing in Mainland China. Besides, this research also proposes some suggestion for future scholars. Firstly, they could analyze dynamic capabilities for the single core capability, such as production capabilities which are usually competitive advantages of Taiwan enterprises. Secondly, diffusing effect for host industry after capabilities transferring could be discussed. Thirdly, future researches could start from finding out the forming reason of core capabilities and then compare to the objective of investing in Mainland China. Therefore, the result would be more practical for Taiwan enterprises’ reference before investing in Mainland China.

本研究探討面臨顯著背景風險（諸如核保等風險）金融機構之投資策略，考量加入國外投資風險下，該金融機構如何決定最適動態資產配置策略，為充分反映市場風險、匯率風險及核保風險，本研究以隨機方程式描述資產價值及核保經驗之變動，並以假想之人壽保險公司作為討論對象，預估未來現金流量並建構公司財務資訊相關之隨機模型，給定最低資本限制下，於指定投資期限內達到全期淨值(盈餘)最佳效用值為目標。本文依照給定之背景風險建構隨機控制模型，利用動態規劃法求出最適資產配置。結果顯示最適投資組合將由三項要素組成：1.極小化盈餘變化之變異數之部位；2.類似於短期投資組合策略之避險部位；以及3.用以規避背景風險之避險部位。因為模型複雜性之限制，以逼近馬可夫理論之數值方法計算最適投資策略。 / This paper analyzes the optimal asset allocation for insurers and investors who are required to cope with significant background risks due to underwriting uncertainties and interest rate risks among a set of stochastic investment opportunities. In order to hedge properly the country risks due to local volatile financial market, the foreign investment opportunities are included in the optimal portfolio decision. In this study, detailed formulation using the projected cash flows of a hypothetical life insurance company and its related stochastic phenomena are constructed. The insurers are assumed to maximize the expected discounted utility of their surplus over the investment horizon under the minimal capital requirement. Our problem is formulated as a stochastic control framework. According to the optimal solution, the optimal portfolio can be characterized by three components: a hedging component minimizing the variance of the change in surplus, a hedging component familiar to myopic portfolio rule, and a risk hedging component against the background risks. Since the explicit solutions cannot be achieved due to model complexity, the Markov chain approximation methods are employed to obtain the optimal control solutions in our numerical illustration.

由於固定比例投資組合保險策略(CPPI)能依據投資者本身的風險偏好來選定參數，並透過簡單的公式動態調整風險性資產及保留性資產的部位，以達到投資組合保險的目的，因此成為常用的投資組合保險策略之一。然而在固定乘數的選定中，僅考慮投資人的效用函數而並未考慮市場變化情況，因此投資組合的報酬往往未必為最適化之結果。 　　本研究以台灣股市為例，旨在討論透過技術分析指標來動態調整乘數，對固定比例投資組合保險策略之影響。實證方面以1992~2003年間台股指數作為研究標的，配合固定時點調整法及相對強弱指標來調整投資組合中風險性資產及保留性資產之投資比例。並討論動態調整與固定乘數在要保誤差、平均報酬、報酬變異、偏態、交易成本及不同市況下績效表現。

臺灣現有移轉計價之規範未有明確的罰則(Penalty)，因而衍生許多稅負規避的問題。本文採用動態最適化(Dynamic Optimization)的模型來觀察跨國企業移轉計價的行為，在面臨懲罰與兩國稅差時企業會如何利用移轉價格及數量來進行獲利移轉以規避稅負，進而分析政府調降稅率以降低稅差並吸引獲利移轉的稅率政策對企業移轉計價的影響，最後再探討罰則在法規制定上的必要性。結果顯示，預料到的稅率政策在長期能有效減少企業從事移轉價格操弄(Transfer Price Manipulation)，但在短期﹝除了宣告那一刻之外﹞反而更助長移轉價格操弄的發生，特別是當政策宣告至執行之期間過長時更為嚴重。此外，由先前的文獻可知無罰則下的最適移轉價格為一邊界解(Boundary Solution)，本文也證明了此邊界解亦可能出現於有罰則的情況下。然而，罰則的存在創造了內部解(Interior Solution)的可能性，此內部解較邊界解更趨近於常規交易價格，因此我們仍建議政府制定罰則。 / This paper employs a dynamic optimization model to determine the equilibrium price and quantity in a multinational firm (MNF) faced with a threat of a penalty. We analyze the impact on transfer pricing that arises from the unanticipated and anticipated permanent taxation policy of home country and host country. Anticipated taxation policy for reducing tax differentials can reduce transfer price manipulation in the long term. However, except for the moment of announcement, such reduction of transfer price manipulation does not occur in the short term, especially in the case of a large time lag of policy. We also show that the boundary solution is possible even though transfer price penalty exists and suggest that governments impose penalty which creates the possibility of interior solution.

災難管理已成為二十世紀台灣政府首長的首要課題。近年來台灣每年都有或大或小的災害事件發生，包括九二一地震、八掌溪事件、東方科學園區大火、桃芝颱風、納莉颱風等，造成了極大的生命與經濟損失，使得災難管理成為政府首長不得不正視的課題。 民國九十年九月十六日至十七日，納莉颱風橫掃台灣北部，在竹子湖站的連續最大24小時小時雨量高達862公厘，台北市市民27人遇難，3人失蹤，16人重傷，收容災民高達2,053人﹔高運量捷運系統被洪水灌入而完全停駛，到當年十月一日才逐步恢復營運，市政府各單位編列的復原經費高達97億元。這次的風災，使得首善之都台北陷入一片汪洋之中，災後數日，都市機能仍運作困難，民眾陷入前所未有的痛苦之中，媒體將此次的災變稱作為馬英九執政以來最大的挑戰，將直接影響市民支持率，甚至危及連任之路。然而，馬英九及市府團隊在這次的事件中整體形象並未受到影響，仍有高達60.5%的民眾滿意度，本文相信這樣的民調結果立基於台北市政府的災變公共關係管理的運作上。 以往有關危機管理相關研究大多以Nunamaker等人（1989）的危機管理動態模式為基礎，探討我國防災系統的建制與缺失，對於政府公共關係管理的範疇並沒有提及，而大眾傳播科系對於危機公關的相關研究則是著重於媒體策略與媒體效果的分析上。據此，本文試圖將危機管理與危機公關加以結合，透過納莉風災個案分析、深度訪談與內容分析的方式，進行政府災變公共關係研究；台北市政府主要的溝通對象為市民、媒體、中央政府及市議會，研究市民關係、媒體關係、中央與地方關係及府會關係，因而共同關係成為本文研究的重點，主要的研究問題為：（1）學術界危機公關理論的發展情形為何？理論模式中有何不足之處？（2）應用Nunamaker等人（1989）的危機管理動態模式，台北市實務上的做法為何？（3）台北市政府災前防災溝通主要以哪些方式進行？（4）台北市政府災前如何與溝通對象進行公共關係？關係結果為何？（5）在納莉風災時期，台北市政府採取何種公共關係策略？（6）前述台北市政府災前與主要溝通對象的關係結果，對於納莉風災時雙方的互動情形有何影響？ 經歷了長時間的研究，本文有幾項研究發現，期望能為我國政府組織未來應災提供建議，包括：（1）市府與民眾間災前之防災溝通仍待加強、（2）災前公共關係良好的政府組織，在災時會遭遇較少的形象損失、（3）納莉風災時期媒體公關實屬成功、（4）市府與中央長期溝通失靈成為救災阻力、（5）市府採取謙遜有禮的態度處理府會關係使得府會關係和諧、（6）災害是市府改善以往敵對關係的契機、（7）災後重建推動委員會具有公共關係作用、（8）唯有救災體制與救災政策完備，公共關係管理才具有意義、（9）危機管理動態模式需加入公共關係管理方屬完備。

本篇論文在結構性時間序列模型基礎下，將中國大陸29省市自治區1978-2005年實質人均GDP，拆解出其長期趨勢變動軌跡中的水準值與斜率值，對照傳統上直接利用實質所得數據，以動態縱橫資料方法進行經濟成長條件收斂假說的檢定。本文特色在於加入潛在GDP長期趨勢項的水準值和斜率值，並利用內生解釋變數落後項動態分析。除可驗證隨著時間經過，中國相對貧窮省區是否終將逐漸趕上相對富有省份所得水準外，其次，根據GDP趨勢項一階與二階條件的收斂與否，可進而確認實質GDP收斂的本質。 我們發現，實質人均GDP收斂的本質關鍵在於潛在趨勢水準收斂，潛在GDP趨勢斜率的成長率將左右區域間實質所得收斂速度。大部分樣本中，擴大的Solow模型或考慮不同經濟開放程度因素下的內生成長模型，支持條件收斂假說，而後者設算出的收斂係數明顯較為低。此外，考慮採用Arellano and Bond(1991)的the first difference GMM估計式可能存在弱工具性問題(a weak instruments problem)，以Blundell and Bond(1998)發展出的the system GMM估計式，作為探討初始所得與經濟成長收斂的關係應是較為適合的方法。 / This research examines the economic growth conditional convergence hypothesis. Using the data of 29 provinces in Mainland China between 1978 and 2005, this study applied the structural time series model to deconstruct the provinces’ real GDP per capita into two parts - the level and the slope of trend movement. The characteristics of this paper are to include the level and the slope of trend of potential GDP and to consider the lagged dependent variables into the panel data. This study intends to validate whether the income level of relatively poor provinces will gradually catch up that of the relatively affluent provinces in Mainland China eventually. In addition, this study, based on the convergence or divergence in the first-order and second-order conditions of GDP tendency, will confirm the essence of the convergence in real GDP. The findings are that the essential key of the convergence in real GDP per capita is the convergence of the potential level of GDP. The growth of potential GDP tendency slope would affect the converging speed of real income in regions. The testing results of either the augmented Solow model or the endogenous growth model which considered different economic opening degrees both support the conditional convergence hypothesis in most sample sets, while the estimated convergence coefficients of the later are significantly lower than those of the former. In addition, considering the possible weak instruments problem in the first difference GMM estimator developed by Arellano and Bond (1991), the system GMM developed by Blundell and Bond (1998) should be a more suitable way to observe the relation between initial income level and economic growth convergence.

由於政府於民國80年代開放新銀行成立，造成本國銀行家數過多，高度競爭。又近十年來環境快速變化，加入WTO造成金融業對外開放，本國銀行業者必須比從前更清楚訂定策略方向，將市場按地理、產品、客戶需求的差異性加以區隔，使用嚴格的風險管理方法拓展業務。因此，針對各銀行所採取的策略不盡相同，本研究以策略群組（strategic groups）為分析方式，研究民國 87年至民國95年間，國內銀行策略群組之變動，藉由各群組所屬策略群組的變化來了解各群組在市場上定位的改變，並討論改變的原因。 本論文之研究流程分為三個主要階段。第一階段由閱讀相關文獻與時事評論引發研究動機，進而確認研究方向目的及研究方法。第二階段為確認策略變數，由於策略變數關係著分群之後群組是否具有解釋國內銀行產業的實際意義，因此由文獻探討與專家訪談詳細考量後決定策略變數。第三階段為實證階段，利用過去各本國銀行的財報資料，分析策略群組動態軌跡，並提出結論與建議。 研究結果發現，本國銀行業的確可以依照策略的不同分為四個群組，且每一期各群組之間財務績效（業主權益報酬率）有顯著差異。而在策略群組的動態移動上，本研究觀察到本國銀行業存在移動障礙與參考群組，而群組下有次群祖，群組成員在移動時，經常是次群組一起移動。 由於產業存在移動障礙且發現同一策略群組內的成員彼此績效差仍然有很大的差異性，建議本國銀行不應一味地想要模仿績效好的群組，改變策略移動到績效好的群組。因為從實證上看來有可能因為移動障礙而無法移動到參考群組最後仍然回歸到原屬群組，也有可能改變策略移動到參考群組後，績效並不會有進步。因此建議本國銀行應該要針對自己的定位，擬定專屬於自己的策略，將心力專注於獲利上，不需要將績效較佳的參考群組策略作為主要決策指標。

現今，許多公司與他們的供應商夥伴建立跨組織資訊系統交換資訊、給予對方更快速的回應，以在快速變遷的環境之下維持競爭力。此篇研究進行文獻探討之後，分別從流程觀點還有動態能力觀點這兩個研究理論的基礎之下建立了研究架構，來衡量跨組織資訊系統的績效。我們的研究架構提出，一間公司有兩個重要的動態能力，分別是供應鏈的整合能力還有協調能力，在資訊科技的投資上還有公司績效之間扮演相當重要的角色。 / 我們在台灣的PC產業中發行問卷來衡量此研究架構，利用線性回歸來驗證假設。實驗結果支持了論文中的兩個假設：(1)跨組織資訊系統正向影響動態能力，(2)供應鏈的整合能力在跨組織資訊系統投資還有公司績效中間扮演重要的中介角色。 / Nowadays, firms usually develop inter-organizational systems (IOS) with their suppliers to exchange information and give each other faster responses to sustain their competency under a fast-changing environment. This study reviewed past literature and developed a research framework to evaluate IOS performance based upon two theoretical perspectives: process view and dynamic capabilities. This framework proposed that firms’ dynamic capabilities-- supply chain integration capability and supply chain coordination capability might be an important mediator between IOS investment and firm performance. / A general survey is conducted in Taiwan PC industry to validate the research model. A linear regression is used to testify the hypotheses. The results support our two hypotheses: (1) IOS investment is positively related to the dynamic capabilities, which also have obvious impact on firm performance; (2) supply chain integration is an important mediator between IOS investments and firm performance, and on the other hand, firm performance is partially mediated by supply chain coordination.

本研究旨在瞭解當前國民小學組織動態能耐、組織健康氣候與學校創新經營之現況；分析不同背景變項在國民小學組織動態能耐、組織健康氣候與學校創新經營之差異；探討國民小學組織動態能耐、組織健康氣候與學校創新經營之關係；研究國民小學組織動態能耐、組織健康氣候與學校創新經營之預測分析；與推論國民小學組織動態能耐、組織健康氣候與學校創新經營之路徑關係。 本研究採取文獻分析法及問卷調查法。根據文獻資料架構理論基礎，編製「國民小學組織動態能耐、組織健康氣候與學校創新經營調查問卷」，依全省分北、中、南、東四大區域，共抽取93所國小，合計1408位國小教師，對於國民小學組織動態能耐、組織健康氣候與學校創新經營之看法。回收資料經由描述性統計、變異數分析、相關分析、逐步多元迴歸，以及LISREL潛在變項模式等統計方法，所得研究結果如下： 一、國民小學組織動態能耐以「科技應用」為最高，其次為「創新學習」、「學校定位」及「知識管理」，而「行政整合」相對較低。 二、國民小學組織健康氣候以「教師的凝聚力」最高，其次為「同儕領導」、「資源的影響性」及「重視學業成就」，而「機構主體性」相對較低。 三、學校創新經營以「資訊科技創新經營」最高，其次為「外部關係創新經營」、「行政管理創新經營」及「教學分享創新經營」，而「校園規劃創新經營」相對較低。 四、年長、資深及兼任行政之教師所知覺的整體組織動態能耐、組織健康氣候及學校創新經營的程度較高。 五、私立學校之教師所知覺的整體組織動態能耐、組織健康氣候及學校創新經營的程度較高。 六、位於都市、小型學校及新設學校所知覺的整體組織動態能耐、組織健康氣候及學校創新經營的程度較高。 七、組織動態能耐、健康氣候與學校創新經營間具有高相關。 八、組織動態能耐與健康氣候能有效預測學校創新經營。 九、國民小學組織動態能耐、組織健康氣候與學校創新經營量表之二階驗證性因素分析模式適配度佳。 十、組織動態能耐透過組織健康氣候，有助於推動學校創新經營。 研究者依以上研究結果，分別針對主管教育行政機關、校長、教師以及未來研究者提出若干建議。茲分述如下： 壹、對於主管教育行政機關之建議 一、將動態能耐健康氣候學校創新經營納入學校評鑑指標 二、以辦學績效為指標來調整公私立學校的教育資源分配 三、為老舊學校重新注入一股新的活力以提升其創新能耐 貳、對於學校校長之建議 一、安排年長與資深教師協助新進教師經驗傳承 二、提供教師充足的教學資源與協助其專業成長 三、營造有創意的活力校園與人性化的健康校園 四、不因少數家長無理的要求而改變既有的政策 五、透過行銷策略建立學校品牌和提升學校形象 參、對於學校教師之建議 一、應用資訊及網路科技融入教學以增進教學效能 二、由校園資訊與通訊科技平台分享教學相關資訊 三、掌握外在環境的快速變遷建立獨特的創新能耐 肆、對於未來研究者之建議 一、研究對象可再擴大 二、研究議題加深加廣 三、研究方法可更多元 關鍵字：國民小學、組織動態能耐、組織健康氣候、學校創新經營 / The main purposes of this study are: (1) to understand the present condition of dynamic capabilities, organizational health climate, and school innovative management in the elementary school; (2) to analyze the diversity of different background variables in dynamic capabilities, organizational health climate, and school innovative management in the elementary school; (3) to discuss the relationships between dynamic capabilities, organizational health climate, and school innovative management in the elementary school; (4) to investigate the Predicted Analysis of dynamic capabilities, organizational health climate, and school innovative management in the elementary school; (5) to conclude the path relationships between dynamic capabilities, organizational health climate, and school innovative management in the elementary school. The present study applied literature analysis and questionnaire survey method. According to related literature, the theoretical foundation was constructed and 「Elementary School Dynamic Capabilities, Organizational Health Climate, and School Innovative Management Survey Questionnaire」was organized. Ninety-three elementary schools were chosen randomly from north, central, south, and east regions in Taiwan. Totally there were 1408 elementary school teachers. Subjects’ viewpoints about Elementary School dynamic capabilities, organizational health climate, and school innovative management were collected. The data were analyzed by Descriptive Statistic, ANOVA, Correlation Analysis, Stepwise regression, and LISREL8.71.The results are shown below: 1.About dynamic capabilities in the elementary school , technology application is the highest，then innovative learning, school positioning, and knowledge management. And administrative integration is comparatively lower than the others. 2.About organizational health climate, teacher affiliation is the highest, then collegial leadership, influence of resources, and emphasis on academic achievement. Subjectivity of institution is comparative lower than the others. 3.About school innovative management, information technology innovative management is the highest, then external relationship innovative management, administrative management innovative management, and teaching sharing innovative management. And campus planning innovative management is comparatively lower than the others. 4.Teachers, who are senior, experienced, or have administrated jobs, perceive dynamic capabilities, organizational health climate, and school innovative management higher than young, unexperienced teachers. 5.Private school teachers’ perception of dynamic capabilities, organizational health climate, and school innovative management is higher than public school teachers. 6.Teachers’ perception about integral dynamic capabilities, organizational health climate, and school innovative management is higher when they teach in urban, small-scale, and newly-built schools. 7.There is high correlation association between dynamic capabilities, organizational health climate, and school innovative management. 8.Dynamic capabilities and organizational health climate can effectively predict school innovative management. 9.The fit measures of the two-order confirmatory factor analysis model of dynamic capabilities, organizational health climate, and school innovative management is good. 10.By organizational health climate, dynamic capabilities can promote school innovative management According to studied results, some suggestions are addressed for educational administrated institutions, principals, teachers, and future researchers. 1.For educational administrated institutions （1）Bring dynamic capabilities, health climate, and school innovative management into school evaluation indicators. （2）Allot educational resources for public and private schools by school achievement. （3）Rebirth old schools and promote their innovative capabilities. 2.For principals （1）Create opportunities for senior and experienced teachers to share and pass down their experience. （2）Provide teachers with sufficient teaching resources and help them to advance professional development. （3）Construct creative, animate, humanistic, and health campus. （4）Do not change prime policies due to some parents’ unreasonable demands. 3.For school teachers （1）Integrate information and Internet technology into teaching to enhance teaching efficiency. （2）Share teaching resources through campus information platform. （3）Know the outside environment is changed in high-velocity and create unique innovative capabilities. 4.For future researchers （1）There should be more subjects. （2）Researched issue can be deeper and broader. （3）Researched methodologies can be more multi-dimentional. Keyword：the elementary school, organizational dynamic capabilities, organizational health climate, school innovative management

內政部土地測量局為擴大RTK有效作業範圍，同時降低主站布設密度，已規劃透過網際網路高速、寬頻之數據傳輸技術，預定於九十五年度前完成建置全國性電子化GPS（ｅ-GPS）衛星定位測量基準網，就其連續定位觀測資料，建構區域性定位誤差內插模式，並配合虛擬基準站（Virtual Base Station，VBS）即時動態定位技術（Real-Time Kinematic, RTK）（ 簡稱VBS-RTK），獲得高精度的定位成果，提供多目標定位服務及加值應用。 本研究利用全國性e-GPS衛星定位基準站即時動態定位系統北區服務網為基準網，探討以VBS-RTK定位技術應用於圖根測量及直接辦理土地複丈之可行性。首先檢核實驗區內控制點與圖根點成果發現，縱坐標（N）較差絕對值之平均值為1.9公分，橫坐標（E）較差平均值為2.0公分。經分析後得知，本實驗區之VRS-RTK測量成果與原坐標成果間有系統誤差存在，透過六參數轉換後，其坐標較差值均能符合圖根點測量規範。其次，以VBS-RTK直接辦理土地複丈，其界址點坐標成果較差亦均符合界址點位置檢查與原坐標值之較差不得超過6公分之規定。 / For expanding the effective range and decreasing the density of base stations, Land Survey Bureau, Ministry of the Interior (LSB) have set up a national e-GPS base stations network in 2006. In order to obtain high precision position result and provide multi-goals positioning service with plus value application, the system will be involved regional position error interpolating mode and Virtual Base Station（VBS）technique. The research area is located within the north service net of the national e-GPS base stations network, feasible discussion of using to Supplementary control survey and direct to transact the land resurvey with the VBS-RTK technique. Firstly, The 4th and the higher order control points and the traverse points located at the research area were examined with the VRS-RTK. Compared with the original data, the results have shown that the average of the absolute value of errors is 1.9 cm at the N-axis, 2.0 cm at the E-axis. After transformations either by affine-6-parameters, the result shows that all of the errors are satisfy the stipulation of rules.Secondly, using the VBS-RTK technique to undertake land survey correction, the all errors are satisfy the stipulation of rules.( less than 6 cm )