as English abstract / Oppressed by the severe surveillance of the Japanese police in Taiwan, short-lived Taiwanese Communist Party (TCP) (1928-1931) marked a significant step in the Taiwan’s anti-Japanese movement and social thought. The TCP was the first political organization in Taiwan to put forward the slogan of Taiwan’s independence. Following the Comintern’s activation in the East in 1920s, the first contacts between the Taiwan’s leftists and the Comintern representatives took place in early 1920s. Starting from 1927, the Comintern pursued the policy of activation of the communist movement in the colonies and establishment of communist parties in these countries. Established on the Comintern directive in Shanghai with the help of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) and being subordinated to the Japanese Communist Party (JCP), the TCP was developing quite independently under the leadership of Xie Xuehong and in the close alliance with the Taiwan Cultural Association and the Taiwan Peasants Union, until the end of 1930 when the TCP established a contact with the Far Eastern Bureau (FEB) of the Comintern through the TCP Shanghai representative, Weng Zesheng, who served as liaison with the Comintern. As the result, the Comintern activated its work toward Taiwan, started dispatching emissaries to Taiwan who in the framework of the Comintern’s rhetoric of that time promoted the Party’s reform to eliminate the “opportunistic errors”. The activation of the Party’s work followed, the Union for Reorganization was established. The Comintern did not have chance to adjust the activity of the reformed TCP as within few months after the beginning of actual interaction between the Comintern and the TCP, the TCP was destroyed by arrests. The thesis is devoted to the Comintern’s role in the TCP’s establishment, development, reform, establishment of the Union for Reorganization, the Party’s activation and destruction. The research is based on the TCP files deposited in the former archive of the Comintern. The documents include the correspondence of the representative of the TCP, Weng Zesheng, with the Comintern FEB. The correspondence between Weng Zesheng and the FEB sheds light on the inner-party processes in the TCP, clarifies the essence of the inner-party struggle and reform, and explores the role of personal relations in the inner-party struggle which resulted in the UFR establishment without direct involvement of the Comintern. The available now text of the consultations of Weng Zesheng with the CCP representative Qu Qiubai makes it possible to clarify the CCP’s involvement in the TCP’s development and reform and to conclude as to whose directive it was to commence the struggle against Xie Xuehong. The TCP’s history was short but very intensive. Abandoned by its superior, the JCP, and not having relations with the international communist leadership, the TCP suffered lack of the financial and ideological support, and was left for the mercy of unpredictable fate of the exhausting inner factional struggle, still was able to survive under the “white terror” until the Party’s reorganization in 1931. According to the research results, the TCP inner-party struggles during 1928-1931 were in fact the result of resistance to emigrant party groupings who were attempting to take control over the TCP’s Taiwan based Party organization. Neither the JCP and the CCP, nor the Comintern had a real opportunity to influence the activities of the Taiwan-based communists. Taiwan’s communists overseas used the Comintern’s rhetoric and their contacts with the Comintern and the CCP to promote their agenda in the inner-party struggle. The implementation of the plans of Weng Zesheng and the opponents of Xie Xuehong in Taiwan on the Party’s reform and activation led to the Party’s destruction by the Japanese administration.

台灣伊斯蘭教(臺灣仍慣稱回教)的發展自古至今分為兩個階段,即明清時 期與 1949 及以後,且皆由中國大陸遷移而來。隨著 1949 年國民黨退居臺灣以來, 數萬信奉伊斯蘭教的軍公教人員分多批次隨之來台,使伊斯蘭教(回教)在臺灣 的發展加入了新的蓬勃血脈,雖然來台原因多有悲情成分,但此卻可謂是伊斯蘭 教(回教)在近現代正式傳入臺灣之始。 作為台灣的極少數族群,僅佔台灣人口 0.23%的台灣華人穆斯林如今已有明 顯的地方化與生活化現象,隨著老一代教胞的逐漸消逝與新生代脫教問題在該群 族中日益顯現,臺灣華人穆斯林的傳承問題便尤為棘手。對於臺灣社會來講,甚 少有人留意這群在臺灣多元社會中來自他鄉的離散者,實踐著與臺灣宗教生活中 佔據主流地方的佛教、道教信仰截然不同之宗教。此番情勢與穆斯林議題在世界 範圍內的討論熱度天壤之別,但卻與台灣在世界版圖中咸少被人提及的情況不謀 而合,而這本身亦是一種「弔詭」的現象值得人們反思。 本創作是台灣首次以民族誌影像的方式,利用紀實攝影手法完成的專題圖片 深度報導,主要拍攝為北台灣華語穆斯林族群,選取台北清真寺及桃園龍岡清真 寺為田野調查點,通過在這兩座清真寺進行日常禮拜的穆斯林,尋找不同年齡 層、不同性別、不同家庭環境的拍攝對象,力圖盡可能全面的再現北台灣華語穆 斯林宗教活動及日常生活的點滴過程,并最終以展覽形式呈現於世人。 / Islam in Taiwan-usually still called Hui Religion-has developed as two stages, Ming & Qing Dynasties and after 1949, which both were originated from Mainland China. Since Kuomintang’s retreat in 1949, thousands of Islamic soldiers came to Taiwan, infusing new blood into Islam’s development. Although the retreat is somewhat tragic, this could be called the formal initiation of modern Islam in Taiwan. Living as minorities in Taiwan with a population of only 0.23% in Taiwan, Asian Islam have been very much localized. Given that old Muslims are passing away and new generations are no longer believing in Islam, the problem of inheritance becomes more and more tough. In Taiwan, few people notice that these travelers have been living a different religious life different from the mainstream Buddhism or Taoism, which is totally the opposite compared with the world scale. However, both being ignored by the world, it coincides with Taiwan’s international position, which is unusual and worth study. This investigative project is designed to show as realistic as possible Asian Islam’s life in Taiwan as a whole by documenting religious and daily lives of Muslims of different ages, genders and families through photography, who are mainly from Northern Taiwan. Field researches have been done in Taipei Mosque and Taoyuan City Mosque. The final product will be a photo exhibition the mass.

This business plan is written for a to-be-founded trade company which focuses on the trade between Taiwan and Switzerland. The environmental analysis (Chapter 4) shows that there are countless opportunities for trade between the two countries. The goal of the company is to find products and solutions with considerable potential. Therefore, this business plan does not focus on just one product; instead a process defines how the company selects and develops the products in its portfolio (Chapter 3). By making these products available in the other country, the company gives Taiwanese and Swiss manufacturers new business opportunities and gives the potential customers better and different solutions to their problems. The company’s goal is to build long-term partnerships with its suppliers in order to ensure a high level of quality (Chapter 5). The company will set up two logistic centers, one in Taiwan and one in Switzerland, which will be the hubs for standardized and efficient distribution processes (Chapter 7). In order to keep the costs low during the first years, marketing and sales (Chapters 8 and 9) will focus most of its activities on B2C products which are mainly sold through ecommerce activities. Finally, the financial forecasts (Chapter 10) show that there is a very high level of uncertainties for the financial success of the company. Therefore the cost structure of the company must be highly flexible to be adjustable to the company’s growth.

This paper investigates French entrepreneurs’ motivations to start a business in Taiwan as well as what they find most satisfying and challenging in the process. The data used for the research was collected from interviews of 11 French entrepreneurs and 4 foreign entrepreneurs. The results show that there are two groups of French entrepreneurs: those who came to Taiwan with the intention of starting a business and those who were already in Taiwan before starting a business. The key findings are the following: even if the two groups have different personal motivations to first come to Taiwan, on average, French start a business in Taiwan because of the business opportunities of the country. Indeed, most of them started a business in a niche market. The analysis shows that French and foreigners have the same motivations to start a business in Taiwan. French entrepreneurs are satisfied about the rapidity of business creation and the help received from many people. They also acknowledge the growing startup community but highlight that there are still a lot to be done in order to improve the foreign startup ecosystem.

本文考察了自20世紀70年代末台灣的高新技術產業化的過程中，由工業技術研究院（工研院）經歷了轉變。本文提出了一個框架，與經濟和政治變化的環境中所發生的高科技產業整合工研院的互動。使用機構學習模型，本文標識的組織學習能力。在本質上這些學習能力突出I工研院的相互作用調整的變化的機制。歷史分析表明三個階段，其中的研究院通過主要組織變革發生的背景。階段之間的過渡是不同的，嵌入在特定的經濟和政治背景。 / This thesis examines the transformations undergone by the Industrial Technology Research Institute (ITRI) during the course of Taiwan’s high-tech industrialization since the late 1970s. This study proposes a framework that integrates ITRI’s approaches in interacting with high-tech industries on the one hand, with the broad economic and political changes happening in its environment on the other. Using an institutional learning model, the thesis identifies the organizational learning capabilities, which in essence underlines the mechanisms of ITRI’s interaction adjustment to the changes. The historical analysis suggests three stages, in the contexts of which the institute undergoes through major organizational transformations. The transitions between the stages are different and embedded in the particular economic and political contexts.

為何台灣居於部份農業貿易政策保護之位置? 本研究之目的係為了能解釋此原因。此可以被台灣歷史之理論上所施行的肉類貿易之例子所解釋。此農業貿易保護政策可被定義為選擇性之貿易保護。 / Why does Taiwan have in place a partially protectionist agricultural trade policy？ The goal of the research is to find a causal explanation to this question by looking at the case of meat trade. It can be explained under the premises of historical institutionalism theory. Its agricultural trade policy can be defined as selectively protectionist.

本篇論文檢視台灣華語為母語之正常幼童以及構音異常幼童之滑音[j],[w], [ɥ]發展與產製表現，採長期觀察之方式，詳細描述正常幼兒滑音產製之出現及穩定年齡、頻率、正確率和發展順序，並且比較此三滑音於各音節位置之產製表現，進而比較兩組幼童之台灣華語滑音產製及音韻歷程之使用行為。本研究以標記理論及位置層級理論來檢驗幼兒滑音之發展與表現。 本研究總共觀察了四位幼童，將其分為兩組，第一組為兩位正常幼童，年齡在九個月至二十八個月和十個月至二十九個月，為期十九個月的觀察，另一組為兩位構音異常幼童，年齡在三歲十個月至四歲三個月和四歲三個月至四歲九個月，為期六個月的觀察。每兩週收錄一次長達一小時之語料，並利用錄製之高規格影音檔做譯寫及分析。 研究結果顯示，正常幼兒之滑音出現順序和穩定順序皆符合標記理論之預測，無標音早於有標音，其滑音產製之穩定度與音節位置相關，音節首位之滑音表現較音節中與音節末之滑音表現來的穩定，這與位置層級理論之推測相符合。構音異常幼童組中發現了有別於正常幼童之特殊取代模式，由較晚習得語音取代較早習得語音，其所產製的語音中會違反華語的音法限制。音韻歷程之表現在兩組幼童中皆偵測到刪除、換位、取代三種模式，其中皆以刪除為主要策略。 / The purpose of the present study is to report the developmental process of three Mandarin glides [w, j, ɥ] in terms of three word positions by examining the age of emergence and stabilization, the order of stabilization, and accuracy rate of thechildren’s production, and further compare the normative data with phonological disorder data in order to explore the possible phonological processes. This study alsoaccounts for the developmental process of glides on the basis of markedness theory and positional prominence hierarchy. A longitudinal study was carried out for the investigation of two normally-developing children, aged between 0;9-2;4 and 0;10-2;4, and two phonologically-disordered children, one of whom is between 4;3 and 4;9, and the other between 3;10 and 4;3. The data were collected at two-week intervals. The results showed that the order of glide emergence and stabilization of the normally-developing group is in accordance with the markedness theory. The unmarked [j], [w] precede marked [ɥ]. Moreover, the stabilization order of the three glides in terms of the three syllable positions was found to reflect the interaction between markedness constraint and positional prominence hierarchy. The unmarked glide in the initial position is the first to stabilize and the marked glide in the non-initial position is the last to stabilize. On the other hand, the children in the phonologically-disordered group were found to consistently replace the presumably earlier-developing glide with a presumably later-developing one, which differs from the process used in the normally-developing group. Furthermore, this group of children produced the combination that violates the phonotactic constraints of Taiwan Mandarin. In addition, there are three phonological processes, including deletion, metathesis, and substitution detected in children’s data. The most commonly used process is deletion in both groups of children.

本文主要目的在探討政府部門支出規模對經濟體系長期成長的影響，並且輔以實證分 析研究。 本文的特色著重於對內生成長(Endogenous Growth) 理論的評述，其主要總結為，當 廣義可累積資本為固定報酬時，換言之，資本的邊際報酬固定不變，使得經濟體系不 須依賴外在力量，即能夠穩定自發的成長。 本文結論證明了理論基礎的成立，對臺灣地區、韓國及日本之實證研究結果發現，政 府支出規模（政府總支出占國內生產總額比重）增加時對經濟成長造成不良的影響， 顯見此三國之政府部門規模似乎過度膨脹（若以追求經濟成長率最大為目標的話）， 另外政府投資性支出比率愈大其愈有利經濟成長率提高。

本文主旨在比較與檢證臺灣山地籍立法委員暨省議員在國會及省議會中其質詢提案之重點，並以「新時代基金會」之評量方式，統計出山地籍立委與省議員對議案重視的表現與程度。並從中比較其變遷與過程。 第一章緒論，說明本文之研究方法與範圍與研究目的，此外並將傳統九族之政治體制做一說明。第三節則就臺灣省山地籍省議員及增額山地立法委員之選舉方式、產生方式，作一說明。 第二章「山同籍立法委員之質詢提案與分析」，從七十六到七十八年間，該任出山地籍立委們在各類議案的質詢上依照分類，統計出發言的比例來，並據此分析山地籍立委發言的重點與較不重視的項目。 第三章「山地籍省議員之質詢提案與分析」，同第二章，取自七十五年到七十八年該任省議員對省府的質詢提案，並據上述資料歸類出其發言取向，並指出其表現是否有所偏廢。 第四章「山地籍立委與省議員問政內容比較與變遷」中將第二章、第三章的統計資料結果加以比對，比較其異同與特殊處，並就其變遷能有概括的說明。 第五章「結論」，這一部份僅就本論文所得，提出檢討與建議，並希望在討論中能有益於其他人相關之研究。

自1920年代發展的“福利經濟學”認為政府的經濟角色只是在市場失靈(market fail ure)時介入，推行經濟管制、補貼等公共政策，以達到社會福利的極大化，政府並不 帶任何政治色彩；但事實上，假如政府是中性的工具，那將違反“理性經濟人”的假 設；J.E.Alt和K.A.Chry-stal(1983 PP.28-30) 指出政府的經濟功能包括：生產性、 汲取性和保護性的功能。另外，D.Easton認為“政治是社會價值權威的分配”，準此 欲研究政府的公共政策必須考慮政治－－經濟的互動性，因此本文擬從公共選擇的架 構－－先將政治市場的主要成員：(1)官僚政治(2)民意代表(立法者) (3)利益團體定 位清楚以探討管制政策的形成及影響，分析政府的公共政策，使公共政策的研究方法 富有擴展性，此乃本文的目的之一。 其次，公共選擇理論是要建立與市場理論類似的模型，用以說明公共財在民主社會下 所決定的生產及分配過程，其基本概念包括政治市場所有參與者的各種動機及利益。 由於所有政府機構的立法、行政、管制都屬於公共財，因此本文嘗試評估這些機構達 成社會最適結果的程度，使財政政府能更加務實，此亦本文欲達成之目標。 最後，依A.Prest 看法，管制政策會造成隱蔽性賦稅，但如何估計，尚有技術方面的 困難，但本文擬由管制的競租理論作單一產業隱蔽性賦稅的估計，提供決策者參考的 依據。 本文除了第一章為緒論外，第二章為研究架構：以公共選擇理論為基礎，第三章則介 紹各種管制的經濟理論；第四章則說明隱蔽性賦稅的定義及影響，並說明估計的方法 ；第五章利用台灣地區的資料嘗試對公務人員做賄賂行為的實證分析；第六章為結論 。