41 |
戰後臺美關係與「臺灣地位未定論」(1949-1979)彭孟濤, Peng, Meng Tao Unknown Date (has links)
本論文根據中華民國外交部檔案及美國國務院外交解密檔案(FRUS)等史料,說明1949年到1979年的台美關係史,其中美國對台政策與「台灣地位未定論」有著密不可分的關係。
戰後美國政府對台灣地位的認知,雖曾經認為根據開羅會議公報、波茨坦宣言等已經確定台灣歸屬於中國,但五0年代特別是韓戰所凸顯的冷戰架構,一方面定調「台灣地位未定」一方面承認中華民國有效統治台灣,要之,美國在舊金山和約簽訂過程中努力運作造成台灣地位未定狀態,然後就一直維持此一未定論的立場直到二十一世紀的今天,而未定論一直是美國「合法」介入台海事務,阻遏中華人民共和國併吞台灣的重要理據。
不論從1954年簽訂中美共同防禦條約,乃至1971年聯合國承認中華人民共和國取代中華民國成為中國唯一合法政府以後,尼克森訪中發表上海公報,繼而1979年美國與中華人民共和國建交,非但美國沒有改變「台灣地位未定論」的立場,沒有屈從中華人民共和國擁有台灣主權之宣稱,反而在1978年美中建交之後以「台灣地位未定論」為前提,制定台灣關係法,保障台灣的安全,繼續維持一個獨立於中華人民共和國之外的台灣。
不過「台灣地位未定論」並不能解釋一切,不論在現實政治或是在國際法理論都可能受到挑戰,所以本論文除了檢視學界各種說法,亦隨時注意時代背景以說明其所以然,並參酌政治人物的議論,以便在說明「台灣地位未定論」的源起與經過之後,還能做成公允的評價。
|
42 |
理工科系大學生性別、家庭社經地位對成就抱負與預期薪資之路徑分析 / A Path Analysis of Gender and Family Socioeconomic Status in Achievement Aspiration and Anticipated Salary: The Case of College Students in Science and Engineering康逸筠 Unknown Date (has links)
本研究旨在以理工科系大學生為樣本,探討並建構家庭社經地位、成就抱負與預期薪資之理論模型。研究以胡悅倫(2008)建構之資料庫為樣本,抽取1,084名理工科系大學生為研究對象,以變異數分析、卡方考驗及結構方程模式建構其路徑關係模式。研究結果顯示:
一、家庭社經地位對個體的成就抱負與預期薪資有正向的影響。父母職業聲望和教育程度較高者有較高的成就抱負和預期薪資。
二、家庭社經地位會透過成就抱負為中介,間接影響個體的預期薪資。
三、男女性在成就抱負上無顯著差異,但在預期薪資中男性的預期薪資會高於女性的預期薪資。
四、男性會進入男性化職業,女性會進入女性化職業。
五、預期進入男性化職業工作者的預期薪資高於進入女性化職業的工作者,而這樣的差距是跨性別存在。
最後,研究者根據研究結果提出建議,供實務工作者與後續研究者參考。 / The purpose of this study is to investigate and build a model on how family socioeconomic status affects achievement aspiration and anticipated salary. Participants are 1,084 Science and Engineering students from the database compiled by Yueh-Luen Hu (2008). Data analysis includes one-way ANOVA, t-test, chi-square test, and structural equation modeling. Results of the study are as follows:
1. Family socioeconomic status had significant positive effects on achievement aspiration and anticipated salary. Participants who are of higher socioeconomic status also had higher achievement aspiration and anticipated salary.
2. Achievement aspiration acted as a mediator between family socioeconomic status and anticipated salary. Achievement aspiration had significant indirect effects on anticipated salary.
3. The gender differences in achievement aspiration are non-significant. However, Men’s pay expectations are higher than of the women’s.
4. Males prefer to enter male-dominated jobs, while females prefer to enter female-dominated jobs.
5. Those who hold female-dominated jobs expect to gain less pay than those pursuing male-dominated jobs. The gap exists for both men and women.
Results of the study shall serve as a point of reference for future researches.
|
43 |
國小學生家庭社經地位與自我概念對學業成就影響 之研究─以新北市國小高年級學生為例 / A study on the effect of socio-economic status and self-concept on academic achievement of elementary school students: evidence from the fifth and sixth grade students of elementary schools in New Taipei City蕭雅如, Hsiao, Ya-Ju Unknown Date (has links)
本研究旨在探討國小學生家庭社經地位與自我概念對學業成就之影響。研究採用問卷調查法,以新北市國小學生為樣本母群體,採分層隨機叢集抽樣,抽出20所國小共計740位受試者,回收有效問卷659份,所得資料分別以描述性統計、獨立樣本t檢定、單因子變異數分析、及多元逐步迴歸分析等統計方法進行資料的分析與處理,以了解國小學生家庭社經地位、自我概念與學業成就之現況、差異情形及國小學生家庭社經地位與自我概念對學業成就的預測力。
研究結論如下:
一、國小學生自我概念現況屬中上程度,以「心理自我概念」最高。
二、國小學生學業成就現況屬中上程度,以「國語科學業成就」最高。
三、就讀年級在整體自我概念上有顯著差異,五年級高於六年級。
四、性別在英語科學業成就上有顯著差異,女性學生高於男性學生;就讀年級在國 語科及社會科學業成就上有顯著差異,六年級學生高於五年級學生。
五、家庭社經地位在國小學生自我概念上有顯著差異,高社經地位或中社經地位高於低社經地位。
六、家庭社經地位在國小學生學業成就上有顯著差異,高社經地位及中社經地位高於低社經地位。
七、家庭社經地位與自我概念對學業成就具顯著正相關及預測效果。
最後依據研究結果與結論,提出具體建議,以作為教育行政機關、教育人員以及未來研究的參考。 / The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of socio-economic status and self-concept on academic achievement of elementary school students. A survey research was conducted using a sample of the fifth and sixth grade students of elementary schools in New Taipei City. 740 students from 20 schools were selected by stratified random sampling and cluster sampling. 659 valid sample data were collected, analyzed and processed with the methods of descriptive statistics, independent samples t-test, one-way ANOVA, and multiple stepwise regression analyses.The major findings of this study are as follows:
1.Elementary school studen’s self-concept is above average, “psychological self-concept” ranks the highest position.
2.Elementary school student’s academic achievement is above average, “Chinese academic achievement” ranks the highest position.
3.Grade show significant differences in self-concept, students who are in the fifth grade show higher performance than those in the sixth grade.
4.Gender show significant differences in English academic achievement, female students show higher performance than male students. Grade show significant differences in Chinese academic achievement and Society academic achievement, students who are in the sixth grade show higher performance than those in the fifth grade.
5.Socio-economic status show significant differences in self-concept, students who have high socio-economic status or intermediate socio-economic status show higher performance than those of low socio-economic status.
6.Socio-economic status show significant differences in academic achievement, students who have high socio-economic status and intermediate socio-economic status show higher performance than those of low socio-economic status.
7.Socio-economic status and self-concept are positively related to academic achievement. In addition, socio-economic status and self-concept have positive direct effect on academic achievement.
Based on the findings and the conclusions, further suggestions for educational administration authorities, pedagogical individuals and future related study are proposed.
|
44 |
過失不作為犯の帰属原理と成立要件楊, 秋野 23 March 2021 (has links)
京都大学 / 新制・課程博士 / 博士(法学) / 甲第22943号 / 法博第263号 / 新制||法||172(附属図書館) / 京都大学大学院法学研究科法政理論専攻 / (主査)教授 髙山 佳奈子, 教授 塩見 淳, 教授 安田 拓人 / 学位規則第4条第1項該当 / Doctor of Laws / Kyoto University / DFAM
|
45 |
人間の尊厳と人間の生命西野, 基継 23 March 2017 (has links)
京都大学 / 0048 / 新制・論文博士 / 博士(法学) / 乙第13079号 / 論法博第193号 / 新制||法||159(附属図書館) / 京都大学大学院法学研究科基礎法学専攻 / (主査)教授 服部 高宏, 教授 亀本 洋, 教授 毛利 透 / 学位規則第4条第2項該当 / Doctor of Laws / Kyoto University / DGAM
|
46 |
結婚に関わる意識と女性の社会経済的地位――計量分析を通して――永瀬, 圭 26 March 2018 (has links)
京都大学 / 0048 / 新制・課程博士 / 博士(文学) / 甲第20840号 / 文博第770号 / 新制||文||659(附属図書館) / 京都大学大学院文学研究科行動文化学専攻 / (主査)教授 太郎丸 博, 教授 落合 恵美子, 教授 岩井 八郎 / 学位規則第4条第1項該当 / Doctor of Letters / Kyoto University / DGAM
|
47 |
不作為犯における作為義務の根拠何, 垚淼 25 September 2023 (has links)
京都大学 / 新制・課程博士 / 博士(法学) / 甲第24864号 / 法博第297号 / 新制||法||179(附属図書館) / 京都大学大学院法学研究科法政理論専攻 / (主査)教授 髙山 佳奈子, 教授 塩見 淳, 教授 安田 拓人 / 学位規則第4条第1項該当 / Doctor of Laws / Kyoto University / DGAM
|
48 |
難民的國際法地位曾天賜, Zeng, Tian-Si Unknown Date (has links)
本文試就國際法中有關難民法律地位的發展背景談起;第二章則在於探討國際難民法
的法律淵源,並介紹影響難民國際法上法律地位甚鉅的國際文件,及國際機構。第三
章就國際難民的涵義、國際文件中所稱的難民,以及其易生混淆的觀念與以澄清。第
四章則在於探討當前難民國際法法律地位的狀況;第五章則對於難民的出入境,及旅
居的問題就國際實例作分析。第六章並就本文所勾劃出的問題作結論。
本文全文共分五章,外加緒論篇,共約九萬字,合併一冊。
|
49 |
幕僚在組織結構中地位變遷之研究顏源松, Yan, Yuan-Song Unknown Date (has links)
本研究共一冊,分為六章,十六節,約為七萬餘言,其中有一章為筆者現所從事的一
家大關係企業,另一家則為摯友所提供的寶貴資料以作為印證。(筆者按:所述的個
案為企業組織,是基於些許理由和看法請參閱緒論中所言)。其各章節大要如下:
第一章 緒論,分為二節:說明筆者的研究動機和幕僚的意涵所在。即始初幕僚組織
□的給人印象。
第二章 為對地位的基本認識,共分三節,從在組織中的地位含意和它與角色的關係
,再分別說明中、西幕僚的緣起。第三節為伸言一個人在組織中所處的地位是否可以
相稱。
第三章 是種靜態面的分析。將幕僚的類型和功能,依組織的演變過程,逐一的說明
和講解,並給以圖表作更為詳盡的解釋。最後道出類型與功能是體和用的關係。彼此
之間會導致影響、互動。
第四章 再作一動態面的分析。從幕僚在組織中的運作情況給予詳述。尤其是與實作
人員的二者關係,將如何增進合作,解決衝突。筆者提出辦法與實際所見來謀求解答
。另外在幕僚間的關係也是不容忽視的,還有處於今日的環境系統下,幕僚要作何種
改變來自處。是一項值得注意的問題。
第五章 是個案探討,一從在經營管理手段上的改變造成了幕僚的地位改變為著眼點
,另一則從為了要適合環境所求,立存社會組織中,而所作的結構調整,反映了在今
日的組織型態下,是以目標為主來調適,無所謂的二分法則。
第六章 結論,對幕僚在組織的發展旅程中,所付出的代價作一評述,並預估未來所
擔當的角色和整個組織系統所應持的看法與態度作一綜合性說明。
|
50 |
幼兒就學準備度相關因素之研究 / The factors influencing young children school readiness施玠羽, Shih, Chieh Yu Unknown Date (has links)
本研究目的在於瞭解幼兒就學準備度之內涵,並以實證方式進行幼兒學前教育經驗、幼兒園品質、家庭背景、家長參與的現況瞭解,以及與幼兒就學準備度之間的差異情形、相關情形、預測情形。依隨機抽樣方式,以問卷調查進行兩階段實施,第一階段,抽取632位文山及萬華區小ㄧ學童為研究對象,進行幼兒就學準備度的施測,可用率為75.5%,共477位學童;第二階段根據學童分布的141家公私立幼兒園(幼稚園或托兒所),進行幼兒園品質調查,可用率為51.8%,共計73家幼兒園。本研究採用量化方法,以SPSS 14.0套裝軟體進行分析,包括獨立樣本t考驗、卡方分配、單因子變異數分析、Scheff’e事後比較、皮爾森基差相關、多元逐步回歸等方式做資料的處理。
研究結果顯示:1、幼兒園屬性及類型對就學準備度有顯著差異,就讀私立幼兒園者其就學準備度高於就讀公立幼兒園者;就讀不同幼兒園類型的孩子其就學準備度有顯著差異。2、幼兒就讀幼兒園年數與學準備度呈現正相關。3、幼兒園品質與就學準備度的無顯著相關。4、家庭背景中的「每月收入」、「父母教育程度」、「父母職業類型」、「父母社經地位」皆與幼兒就學準備度有顯著差異。5、幼兒園與小學時期家長參與呈正相關,兩時期的家長參與與就學準備度也呈現正相關。6、「家庭每月收入」、「幼兒園時期家長參與」、「就讀幼兒園年數」對就學準備度達顯著預測性。
另外其他研究發現部分:1、幼兒園及小學時期家長參與度中偏高。2、幼兒就讀幼兒園類型與家庭環境及區域分佈有關,且家庭背景會影響幼兒園類型選擇。3、幼兒進入小學後就學準備度「學業成績」方面表現不錯,「生活適應」方面表現中等。4、家長參與和家庭背景因素呈現正相關,父母教育程度、職業、社經地位、家庭每月收入月高的家庭,家長的參與程度會越高。5、各類型的幼兒園其幼兒園品質有顯著差異。
本研究並根據研究結果提出建議,以提供家長、學校、政府機關以及未來研究者之參考。 / The main purpose of this study is to understand the concept of school readiness, and examine the experience of early childhood education, the educational quality in ECE (early childhood education), the background of family, parents participate, and the relationships of these items. This study adopts literature analysis and questionnaire investigation to achieve the goal.
This study are 2 steps, the first step, 632 first grade elementary school students in Wenshan district and Wanhua district of Taipei City, and 477 samples were received, making the return rate of 75.5%. The second step, basing on 141 early childhood education centers the children attended in last year, and 73 samples were received, making the return rate of 51.8%. The sample results were analyzed by means, standard deviations, t-test, one-way ANOVA, Person’s product-moment correlation and stepwise multiple regression analysis.
Depending on the result, the conclusions are as fallows:
1. The children study in private center is better than in public. And the school readiness of children in different types childcare centers has obvious different.
2. The correlation analysis found that there is moderate positive relationship between “How long are children in childcare centers” and “early childhood school readiness”.
3. The correlation analysis found that there is no moderate relationship between “the educational quality in ECE” and “early childhood school readiness”.
4. There were significantly different perceptions towards school readiness to different background family.
5. The correlation analysis found that there is moderate positive relationship between parents participate in early childhood time and elementary school time. “The parents participate in two step” and early childhood school readiness” also show positive relationship.
6. The income of the family per month, the participation of parents in early childhood time and how long children in childcare centers are were appropriate indicators in predicting early childhood school readiness.
Otherwise, there are other researches results are discovered as follows:
1. The participation of parents in early childhood time and elementary school time are obviously high.
2. Family backgrounds can affect the choice of the type of the early childhood centers, and the type of the early childhood centers are concerned with family backgrounds and which areas they are in.
3. After children enter the elementary school, their school readiness in” study achievements “are good, and in “live hood adaption” show average.
4. There were moderate positive relationship between “the participation of parents” and “the factors of family backgrounds”, the higher level of education of their parents, their occupations, their position of social and economics and the income per month, the participation of parents show higher.
5. There were significantly different perceptions between types of early childhood centers and their qualities.
According to previous conclusions, the researcher proposes some suggestions for parents, school, administration and researchers in the future.
|
Page generated in 0.0248 seconds