臍帶血幹細胞移植自1988年首次被應用在異體的臨床治療至今，在各國衍生出許多以「利他」為目的的公捐臍帶血庫，以及鼓吹「自存自用」的私人臍帶血銀行。類似的情況也在台灣發生，第一家私人公益臍帶血庫在1997年底成立，第一家私人臍帶血銀行在2000年8月成立。然而，有關臍帶血儲存在台灣的發展歷史，卻甚少被討論。本論文嘗試以「創新的擴散」的四大因素—創新、溝通管道、時間及社會體系，詮釋自費儲存臍帶血在台灣的擴散過程和實質的內涵。 藉由中國時報報系和聯合報系有關臍帶血儲存的相關報導，估算出台灣自費儲存臍帶血的接受率在時間軸上的變化，發現台灣自費儲存臍帶血的接受率從2000年到2004年快速地成長，2004年以後成長趨緩。另外，從資料蒐集、文獻整理，以及台灣最大的親子社群網站”Babyhome”(寶貝家庭親子網)中有關臍帶血儲存的相關議題討論，觀察到台灣社會體系中的主管機關、私人臍帶血銀行、醫界和學界、公捐血庫、媒體等各成員之間的互動，直接或間接地影響潛在接受者對自費儲存臍帶血的意願和認知。在創新和溝通管道的探討中，則利用初探性質的網路問卷調查，探索台灣的接受者對於自費儲存臍帶血的創新認知屬性和資訊來源的溝通管道，並歸納出台灣的接受者對於自費儲存臍帶血的主要認知為：相容於「保險」的概念，以及代表「心安」的相對優勢。 是否應該自費儲存臍帶血實為一爭議性的話題，本研究也透過以上的分析，探討自費儲存臍帶血在台灣擴散所造成的後果並提出相關建議，期望台灣社會體系能夠從自費儲存臍帶血的擴散中，獲得創新的最大的利益又不至於造成社會體系的瓦解。 / Since the first umbilical cord blood transplant was performed in 1988 for allogeneic transplantation, many cord blood banks came out in countries, including public cord blood banks for an altruistic purpose and private blood banks which claim to bank umbilical cord blood for autologous use. Similar cases happened in Taiwan, the first public cord blood bank run by a private organization was founded in the end of 1997, then the first private cord blood bank was founded in August 2000. The history about banking umbilical cord blood in Taiwan, however, is rarely discussed. Based on the four main elements of “Diffusion of Innovations”, innovation, communication channels, time and social system, this study attempts to interpret the diffusion and substantial content of banking umbilical cord blood for autologous use in Taiwan. I estimated the adoption rate of banking umbilical cord blood for autologous use in Taiwan in the course of time by searching news reports from the databases of China Times Inc. and United Daily News Group. The adoption rate grown rapidly from 2000 to 2004 and the growth became slowly after 2004. By data collection, the survey of literatures and searching the relevant topics about storing umbilical cord blood from BabyHome, the biggest social networking website for parent-child relationship in Taiwan, I also found that the interaction among authority body, private cord blood bank, medical professional bodies, public cord blood bank and media, which are the members of Taiwan social system would affect the cognition and willingness of potential adopters directly or indirectly. In addition, I used a pilot online- questionnaire to explore the characteristics of innovation and communication channels of banking umbilical cord blood in Taiwan, which concludes that, the main characteristics of innovation sensed by the adopter who banking umbilical cord blood in Taiwan are compatibility with the concept of insurance and the relative advantage of feeling at ease. To store or not to store umbilical cord blood in private cord blood bank is actually a controversial issue. Through the analysis described above, the consequence of banking umbilical cord blood diffused in Taiwan is studied. I also make some suggestions and hope that Taiwan social system could gain the maximum social benefit from the diffusion of banking umbilical cord blood, and would not collapse by it.

從共犯從屬性所提出「共犯之成立以正犯行為之存在為必要」的基本命題，可推導出「共犯不法從屬」以及「共犯不法不能獨立存在」等共犯性質。由此可知，共犯從屬性並不僅是形式上的共犯成立要件問題，更在實質上涉及共犯不法的特殊性質。因此對於共犯從屬性法理基礎的探討，毋寧應從共犯概念的最上位問題出發，亦即共犯概念究竟從何而來，對於共犯為何要加以處罰？ 基此，本文首先討論共犯在犯罪體系中的定位問題，以確定在討論共犯犯罪結構時應有之出發點。在此基礎上，進一步討論共犯之處罰基礎，亦即針對共犯在犯罪體系上之特殊地位，探討其處罰根據何在，藉此形塑共犯不法的內涵，以獲得對於共犯不法從屬性質的理解。承此結論，本文繼續說明「共犯成立以正犯行為存在為必要」此命題之法理依據，並據此討論：一、共犯從屬型態；二、未遂教唆之體系定位以及；三、預備犯之共犯等共犯從屬性適用問題。本文最後則處理共犯從屬性於身分犯罪之適用問題，以期能就刑法第31條尋得與共犯從屬性相符之處理方案。

本研究旨在瞭解加油站勞工對工作場所安全衛生認知與影響現況，探討個人屬性與安全衛生風險認知之關聯性、個人屬性與安全衛生影響之關聯性及安全衛生風險認知與安全衛生影響間關聯性，研究並提供為主管機關改善勞工安全衛生及勞工強化本身安全衛生認知參考，俾能建立加油站勞工對工作現場安全衛生正確的認知進而發揮正面的影響，有效降低加油站意外事故發生之頻率，提供加油站勞工安全健康的工作環境並使每位到加油站；加油、購物、洗車、保養車輛的消費者皆能同樣享受優質的服務與安全的保障。 本研究經實證研究分析歸納結果如下： 一、個人基本資料部份，加油站勞工性別以男性占64.7%較高，年齡分佈以21-30歲占56.9%較高, 教育程度以大學占70.9%較高，安全衛生訓練頻率以2次以下占73.1%較高，勞工工作年資以ㄧ年以下占42.2%較高。 二、安全衛生風險認知部份，以「加油站應嚴禁煙火」同意度最高佔76.9%，可見絕大多數的人同意加油站應嚴禁煙火。其次是「油罐車裝卸油料會造成空氣污染且容易造成火災」同意度佔70.6%，可見絕大多數的人認為油罐車裝卸油料具有潛在危險性且容易造成空氣污染。 三、安全衛生影響部份，1.對自我要求構面分析以「你會參加公司舉辦之安全衛生教育訓練」題項同意度最高佔64.1%，可見絕大多數的人會參加公司舉辦之安全衛生教育訓練。以「你在工作過程中會經常保持高度的警覺性」題項同意度最低佔48.1%，可見絕大多數的加油站勞工在工作過程中注意力往往不集中，缺乏高度警覺性容易造成工作場所工安事故。2.對顧客要求構面分析以第29題「你發現加油車輛未熄火加油，你會拒絕加油」同意度最高佔71.9%，可見絕大多數的人認同加油車輛應熄火加油。以「你發現顧客在加油站使用手機，你會立即制止」同意度最低佔56.5%，可見顧客大多缺乏此危機意識，加油站應加強宣導3.對同儕要求構面分析以「你發現同仁加油時未穿著防護具，如安全鞋、口罩……你會主動告知」同意度最高佔69%，加油站具有潛在危害例如化學性、物理性…等，應嚴格要求每位現場勞工應穿著防護具，以確保工作安全性。4.對公司與工作環境要求構面分析以「你發現有人在加油站動火，你會立即出面制止並告知主管」題項同意度最高佔76.9%，顯示一般勞工對加油站嚴禁煙火具有正確的觀念，遇到有人在加油站動火會立即制止並告知主管作進一步處置。以「你發現加油站不明人士逗留或放置不明物品時你會立即向主管反應」題項同意度最低佔54.3%，未達60%水準顯示加油站現場勞工極可能因工作量較大或缺乏要與教育訓練較缺乏危機意識，當不明人士逗留或放置不明物品，未能立即向主管反映，應加強訓練並實施緊急應變演練。 四、安全衛生風險認知與安全衛生影響二者關聯性分析表實證發現，個人屬性對安全衛生風險認知具有部分正面關聯性、個人屬性與安全衛生影響具有部份正面關聯性，安全衛生風險認知與安全衛生影響具有正面關聯性。 / This study aims to explore the current conditions of the gas station laborers’ knowledge of their workplace and its influences, to find out the relationship between personal properties and knowledge of risks of safety and sanitation, the relationship between personal properties and influences on safety and sanitation, and the relationship between knowledge of risks of safety and sanitation and influences on safety and sanitation. This study provides the related authorities references for improving safety and sanitation for laborers and increasing their knowledge of safety and sanitation. This way, gas station laborers can learn the correct knowledge of safety and sanitation of their workplaces and there will be positive influences, effectively reducing chances of accidents in gas stations, providing gas station laborers safe and healthy working environments, and making sure that every consumer who goes to a gas station to fill up the gas tank of his car, shop, or have his car washed or maintained can enjoy the same high-quality services and guarantee of safety. After the empirical analysis, the summaries of this study are listed below: 1. In the aspect of personal attributes, gas station laborers are mainly male (64.7%). Most of them are of ages between 21 and 30 (56.9%). As for educational background, most of them (70.9%) had graduated from universities. And their frequencies of safety and sanitation trainings are mainly 2 or less (73.1%). Their seniorities are mainly under 1 year (42.2%). 2. In the aspect of influences on safety and sanitation, (1) the highest percentage of the self-discipline construct is the percentage of agreeing with “I will participate in the safety and sanitation training provided by my company”, which is 64.1%. It is obvious that most people would participate in the safety and sanitation trainings provided by their companies. The lowest percentage is the percentage of agreeing with “I am always on guard while working”, which is 48.1%. It is obvious that most gas station laborers are not concentrated at work. Lack of alertness may lead to accidents; (2) the highest percentage of the customers’ requirements construct is the percentage of agreeing with question #29 “I would refuse to fill the tank when I find the engine of the tank truck is still running”, which is 71.9%. It is obvious that most people agree engines of tank trucks should be turned off. . The lowest percentage is the percentage of agreeing with “when I find a customer using his cell phone in a gas station, I would stop him”, which is 56.5%. It is obvious that most customers are not aware of the danger of using cell phones and gas stations should promote this concept; (3) the highest percentage of the collegues’ requirements construct is the percentage of agreeing with “when I find my colleague not wearing protection such as safety shoes, mask, etc, I would tell him”, which is 69%. There are potential dangers in gas stations such as chemical and physical dangers. It is necessary to ask every laborer working at gas stations to wear protection to ensure their safety at work; and (4) the highest percentage of the requirements from the company and workplace construct is the percentage of agreeing with “when I see someone using fire in a gas station, I would stop him and notify the manager there”, which is 76.9%. It means that general laborers have the correct concept of fire being banned in gas stations and they would notify their supervisors for further actions. The lowest percentage is the percentage of agreeing with “when I find a suspicious person hanging around a gas station or placing a suspicious object there, I would notify the manager”, which is 54.3%. The percentage is lower than 60%. This means gas station laborers’ awareness of danger is not sufficient due to their workloads or lack of training. Therefore they do not know they should immediately notify their supervisors when a suspicious person hangs around or places a suspicious object in a gas station. Their training should be improved and emergency response exercises should be conducted. 3. In the aspect of knowledge of risks of safety and sanitation, the highest agreeing percentage of agreement is the percentage of agreeing with “fire should be banned in gas stations”, which is 76.9%. It is obvious that most people agree fire should be banned in gas stations. The second highest percentage is the percentage of agreeing with “tank trucks refilling gas stations may cause air pollution and increase the chance of fire”, which is 70.6%. It is obvious that most people agree tank trucks refilling gas stations is potentially dangerous and may cause air pollution. 4. After conducting the empirical analysis of the relationship between knowledge of risks of safety and sanitation and influences on safety and sanitation, it is found that personal attributes are partially positively related to knowledge of risks of safety and sanitation, personal attributes are partially positively related to influences on safety and sanitation, and knowledge of risks of safety and sanitation and influences on safety and sanitation are positively related.

No description available.

近年台灣行銷市場中，網路口碑之於消費者的重要性不言而喻，其應用成為行銷顯學之一。不過觀察目前網路口碑相關研究，多數仍聚焦在傳播者評論口碑對象（產品、服務、品牌等）的傳播過程、網路口碑影響消費者購買意圖或品牌忠誠的程度，或是正負面口碑差異等面向，較少從口碑傳播者、產品及接收者本身屬性（類型、來源國等）一致的角度，探討是否會影響說服效果，而「性別」正是一項鮮少被觸及的重要屬性。事實上，性別一致產生的效果，在早期的廣告行銷研究中，即不斷被證實存在，能有效帶來消費者態度行為的正向影響（Caballero & Solomon, 1984）。然而網路作為傳播媒介的研究中卻缺乏相關的討論，因此能否複製「性別具有一致性時，就會具有正相關效果」的結論猶未可知。 　　而「性別一致性效果」產生的機制亦分屬「一致性效果」、「自我一致性」的兩種不同心理狀態類別，本研究除了歸納原先定義不清的一致性效果涵義，更希望進一步探討何種機制對於消費者的影響較為重要。另一方面，「一致」情況亦存在「主觀」感知與「客觀」存在的差異，亦有區分之必要性。同時，亦不可忽略口碑中推薦產品本身具備的屬性特質，可能是會導致消費者在意性別線索的關鍵，在相關理論基礎下，推論消費者會依賴推薦者的形象來協助判斷（Zeithaml, 1988）。換句話說，欲瞭解產品屬性，也就是體驗性/搜尋性的產品將直接導致消費者對於性別一致的感知產生不同的交互作用，進而影響到整體口碑說服效果。 　　故本研究計有三個主要的操弄變項，分別是傳播者性別（男/女）、產品性別（男/女）與產品屬性（搜尋屬性/體驗屬性），在研究設計上乃是採用2 × 2 × 2的三因子實驗設計（factorial experiment design），應變項則為受試者的口碑訊息診斷性、產品態度及購買意圖。 　　研究結果發現，客觀性別一致並不會影響消費者口碑說服效果，而不同產品屬性的交互作用下，客觀性別一致的重要性會在消費者選購體驗性產品時浮現，進一步正向影響消費者對於產品的態度，而且在性別一致性的兩種機制中，「自我一致性」（如傳播者/代言人與自身一致、產品與自身一致）比起「一致性效果」（外界的傳播者/產品一致）的機制，更能顯著影響消費者的商品態度。不過，一旦消費者主觀感知到性別一致的情形存在，無論是何種機制、何種產品屬性，皆能有效影響消費者的口碑說服效果。 　　上述的研究結果可以提供給未來欲透過口碑工具，邀請特定口碑寫手或消費者於試用產品後討論引起注意的廠商，在策略擬定之參考。建議行銷人員規劃行銷手法時多考慮「性別一致」引發之影響，讓消費者提升對於產品的態度與行為。

本研究之問題意識在於觀察台灣的總統選舉，是否如西方已發展國家，產生投票中的「性別差距」現象，以及台灣在地性別差距現象之樣貌為何。本研究採用政治大學選舉研究中心所進行之民意調查資料，以次級調查資料分析法為主，進行台灣1996年、2000年與2004年三次總統選舉之性別差距研究。 本研究所探討的面向主要包含政黨屬性、投票取向、人口背景變項三者與性別差距間的關係。其中以政黨屬性的分佈與演變來觀察台灣投票中性別差距之樣貌；而投票取向的部分則由選民之政黨認同、議題偏好、候選人取向及關係取向等四大取向，分析台灣選民在些投票取向上是否有性別差距現象；人口變項的分析則得以觀察教育程度、個人背景、社經地位、媒介使用程度與性別差距的關係，以及這十年間台灣男女在社經程度上的距離是否有所變化。 在研究發現上，以性別差距公式計算發現，台灣2004年的總統選舉首度出現女性較男性支持泛綠陣營的性別差距現象，先前兩次選舉則無。在人口變項上，男女在「婚姻狀況」、「教育程度」、「職業有無」、「個人收入高低」與「媒介使用」等變項上皆有顯著的性別差距，顯示台灣社會中男女在社經地位上仍有出入；而女性無論在「媒介使用頻次」或「媒介注意程度」，其平均分數都低於男性且有顯著的性別差距。投票取向的部分，本研究亦發現「政黨認同」變項確實會影響台灣選民的投票抉擇；對「議題立場」及「議題偏好」的分析也發現存有性別差距現象，例如在統獨立場上，女性贊成保持現狀的比例皆遠高於男性，甚至逐年增加。在「候選人取向」上亦有明顯的性別差距。另外，分析台灣投票行為研究中特殊的「關係取向」，發現女性選民特別重視「私人關係」的政治意見，男性選民則明顯重視「社會關係」與「政黨關係」。而男女在「投票自主性」也有差距，這樣的性別差距並不因女性選民高教育程度與就業的比例增長而縮減，但「自己決定」投票抉擇的女性已佔大多數。 由本研究的結果得以瞭解，如同西方蓬勃的性別差距研究，台灣男性與女性在政治意見與態度的不同面向上確實存有差距，也有不同於西方之樣貌。希望經由本研究對台灣三次總統選舉中性別差距現象之探討與發現，能做為後續更精確探討性別差距樣貌與所在之研究的出發點。 關鍵詞：性別差距、政黨屬性、投票取向、媒介使用、總統選舉

學者邱志聖(2014)在策略行銷4C理論中，提出買者專屬陷入成本對廠商來說有雙面刃的問題：廠商一方面希望顧客能夠投入更多專屬資產，讓顧客為了保有專屬資產價值而維持與廠商的交換關係，提升顧客行為忠誠度；但另一方面，若顧客在交換前已知覺專屬陷入成本很高，將降低顧客交換意願。 而在過去文獻中對於此議題未有學術研究成果，因此本研究在四大類專屬資產當中選擇雙面刃問題較重要的產品相關、品牌相關專屬資產，利用歷史研究法，探討芭比(Barbie)、樂高(Lego)、PlayStation、神魔之塔此四個案公司最初如何讓顧客在交換前知覺到專屬陷入成本很低，以解決面臨的專屬資產雙面刃問題、增加顧客購買意願，讓廠商與顧客建立交換關係後可以讓顧客投入專屬資產。 本研究最後歸納個案公司解決各專屬資產雙面刃問題的方法，針對遊戲玩具廠商提出解決雙面刃問題的管理建議：(1)特有使用知識專屬資產：不限制初學者使用方法、藉由行銷曝光提早瞭解使用知識、承襲先進者對顧客建立的使用知識；(2)特有軟硬體專屬資產：增加軟硬體擴充選擇性、贈送部分軟硬體專屬資產、鬆綁不同系列產品間的擴充規格；(3)心理層面認同專屬資產：將時代既有價值觀轉移至產品上、與其他品牌合作延伸其心理意義、將品牌活動包裝為一般性活動；(4)特有無形社會壓力專屬資產：以陌生朋友(遊戲其他玩家)代替現實朋友、遊戲須設計單人玩法且不限制遊戲人數。

鑒於國內住宅需求殷切，同時卻仍有大量空屋無人居住使用，顯示居住環境需求與供給間確存有極大的差異，以致公私部門不能利用有效財源作有效的投資。本研究為縮短供需差距，摒除已往研究偏重所得與需求關係的研究，建購所得型式及居住支出之居住環境需求理論模型，複於需求模型導入住戶規模因素，使所得、支出與住戶屬性並列為需求影響因素。其次，利用住宅現況調查資料，分析居住環境水準與相關住戶屬性之對照關係，並著手分析各居住群組之居住環境需求量，以提升分析可信度，對住戶群落予以細分及區隔居住環境群落，凸顯各種影響因素特性。本研究實證結果：居住支出增加、有業人口數愈多，家計負責人教育程度提高及年齡愈大，則其住宅面積及房間數數量愈多，而且其住宅座落與各種都市服務設施距離相對縮短，但國小、工作場所與市場則無顯著關係。 有關理論模型建購，係基於Stone－greay 函數符合需求模型相關假設，及效用之可分性、可加件原則，以儲蓄率自所得中另離析支出之需求模式，再由個人居住需求累計為住戶居住環境需求模型，進一步設定其最小居住環境需求量為Barten之人口規模函數。在實證分析方面，為了瞭解住戶居住環境水準，以次數分析、關聯分析就歷年發展、地區別、住宅權屬、家計負責人屬性分析其分組水準及分析頻度，並檢定住戶與居住環境的變數關聯程度，以擇定需求量迴歸分析的應變數組及自變數組，及就具有居住支出項的大量樣本進行住戶屬性及居住環境特性的群落分析，俾進行各群組需求分析。 本研究雖已跳脫以所得推導居住環境需求窠臼，惟由於資料及分析係援用政府既成問卷，造成研究領域受限，需再就研究之主題深入設計調查問卷。本研究需求函數係設定為直線，然而居住環境需求量與住戶屬性間若非線性關係時，則其相關係數偏低，且無法驗證兩者間之需求關係。住戶自變數(行業、職業、所得等屬性)間，並未檢定其是否已存在高度相關，無法達到自變數完全獨立之要求。居住環境設施具有共用之基本生活設備時，雖可測定其居住環境水準，但無法進行其需求分析。群落分析固然能分離居住環境群及住戶群，但易使迴歸分析模型內部分虛擬變數與其他變數形成共線而無解，而且本分析僅偏重實質居住環境需求，對於住戶非實質需求、偏好及社會文化群族傾向等因素，在經濟學之需求模型中均無法予以論證，有待識者續以作為研析之題材。 / The domestic housing are in great demand, but on the other hand lots of housing remain vacant. This phenomenon reveaIs there exists a significant difference between supply and demand for housing environments. Therefore, both public and private sectors are unable to make the most use of available funds to invest effectiveIy. The purpose of this study is to lessen the above difference. Prior studies stressed the importance and the relationship between income and the demand for housing. In this study,first the anthor build up a theoretic demand model for housing environments. This demand model is mainly relevant to no only income but also household expenditure. Secondly, the author converts the factor of household scale into the model. That makes income, expenditur,and household attributes serve as three major factors affecting this demand model. Then, applying data (housing status quo ) gathering from government statistics, the author analyzes the relationships between quantities of housing environments and relevant household attributes. FinaIly,the author analyzes the quanities of living environments for each Iiving cluster,which is specified and segregated, to explicate the property of each factor,thus to enhance the reliability of this study. The result of this study indicates that those household with more living expenditure,more emplyed employed persons, higher education and more age, will have more floor area and room number. In addition, the distances between their residenes and the variety of public service facilities are relatively shoty,but they are litte related with the elementary school, work place and market. Theoretically,this model has been built based on Ston-geary utility function which is suitable for certain hypotheses for demand model. And frOm the additivity and the separability of this utilty function, the author derives the demand mode, reIevant to household expenditure, for housing environments. Then the author integrates individual demand model into the household one for living environments, and further defines the least quantities for living environments as Barten's population scaIe function. In empirical performance, the author applies frequency analysis and Chi-square analysis to analyze physical Iiving environments,respecting the past 20 yeare, different districts, household tenure, and household attributes. Ih addition. the author examines the co-relations of those variables between dwelling units and household environments to determine dependent and independent variables for regression. Besides, a great deal of samples with household expenditure has been inspected by cluster anaiyis. Although this paper analyzes the demand function for housing environments on many factors instead of only on income (elasticity, the study is somehow limited since the data acquired from government tatistics.It would be more appropriate if we design a better questionnaire proper to this subject. Also, in this paper,the demand function has been defined as linearity,but if the demand quantities of living environment and household properties develop as a non-linear reationship, then the multiple coefficient of determination appears low,hence the demand relationship can not be tested between them.Moreover, the independent variables for resident themse1ves, such as industry,occupation, and income, have not been tested whether if they are highly related,thus these bariables do not fit in the requirement of complete classified into different living environment Ievels, their demands can not be anaIyzed. Likewise, cluster analysis can segregate living environment clusters and resident clusters, it is apt tO make some variables, especiaIIy those in those regression models with dummy variables, convert into the combination of other variables thus can not be explained. Ih summary,this study underlines the demand for physical living environments. To those factors, such as non-realistic demand, preference, and social/cultural inclinations, they can not be tested in the demand models of economic theories, nowadays. This challenge stiII needs more endeavors to make.

本研究採用Ryff (1989a)的心理幸福滿足感架構，探討社會支持、人格特質、個人屬性與老年人的心理幸福滿足感的關係。受試是文山區老人服務中心、台北聯合門診中心、政治大學附近的公園與台北市私立愛愛院等四處共150位老年人。以社會支持行為量表、人格特質量表、心理幸福滿足感量表與個人屬性問卷等作為研究工具。資料分析方式採用皮爾森積差相關與多元迴歸。 研究結果顯示：1.四種社會支持型態與社會支持滿意度或多或少和心理幸福滿足感的六個部分有顯著正相關，其中以情緒支持的影響最為明顯；2.控制源、統整性、內化性等人格特質大多與心理幸福滿足感的六個部分有顯著正相關，其中統整性、內化性與心理幸福滿足感的六個部分皆有顯著正相關；3.教育程度、經濟狀況、婚姻狀況、健康狀況、家庭生活狀況等個人屬性也大多與心理幸福滿足感的六個部分有顯著正相關；4.統整性與內化性愈高，傾向內控，加上家庭生活狀況也較好的老年人，其整體老年心理幸福滿足感較佳。 最後根據研究結果與討論，針對老年人心理幸福滿足感之增進，以及未來研究方向提出若干建議。

近年來受到金融海嘯衝擊的影響，外商壽險公司面臨巨大的財務壓力，不得不出售海外資產以求自，民國97年起幾乎年年都有外商出售在台壽險公司持股或移轉部分業務的事件，而外商保險公司的出走，連帶影響的是在保險公司內的員工，不論是外勤業務人員或是內勤人員，每當有任何一家外商保險公司撤離台灣，民眾關心的是保險權利義務是否有承接，惟就保險從業人員及保險業務員的權利義務，工作年資及工作權相關議題，往往是最被忽略的。本研究有感由此等問題層出不窮，故就本議題研究之。 本研究首就我國現行保險業務員所簽定之各式勞務給付契約型態、民事判決爭議並就民國105年10月21日，司法院大法官以院台大二字第1050026814號公布740號解釋，其正面意見及不同意見進行研究。 再者，依據企業併購法其併購態樣之差易處，及勞動契約效力影響與企業併購後對於留用之保險業務員所生之影響，包含招攬佣金性質、其他獎金、津貼及年資、調職與退休金之相關討論。後輔以美國、歐盟及英國法上就事業或營業移進行探討，併同目前保險業界保險契約屬性進行說明。