由於全球環境問題的日益嚴重與國際化，以及民眾環境意識的提升，國際環保公約以及國際環保標準陸續的被制定與公佈，以因應環境問題。有鑑於此，領先約企業也逐步發展同時嘉惠企業、消費者、環境的三贏策略，期望「綠色創新」能夠成為另一種企業競爭力的來源。 本研究將環境管理理論做一回顧，也對 Piasecki 及溫肇東的「企業環境策略與管理理論」做了更進一步的強化，並輔以相關的組織理論，包括組織演化論、轉型領導論、組織學習論、策略選擇論、自然選擇（生態）論、及機構論等。並藉由個案分析，期望能夠對組織綠化提供一些田野實證研究，並嘗試回答下列幾個問題： 1．組織綠化的啟始動機為何？ 2．組織推動了哪些綠化的行動？ 3．組織綠化會對組織造成何種影響？ 4．組織綠化過程中有哪些組織理論是可以應用得上的？ 本研究的研究對象分成兩部份，第一部份是次級資料個案內容分析，蒐集他人直接間接對於國內外組織綠化的研究個案；第二部份則是重要組織個案實地訪查，本研究選取了三個單位，分別是企業界的永豐餘造紙、科技研究發展單位工業技術研究院，以及媒體天下雜誌。 本研究在經過文獻回顧與探討，蒐集多家國內外企業組織在組織綠化上做法的相關次級資料，以及實地訪談永豐餘造紙、工研院以及天下雜誌推動組織綠化的情況之後，針對研究問題歸納出下列 13 個研究發現： 研究發現 1 組織型態不同，綠化壓力來源不同 研究發現 2 組織在推動綠化時，都會訂定環境政策 研究發現 3 推動綠化的組織，其高階管理者多是組織的綠色領袖 研究發現 4 組織推動綠化時多設有環保專責組織、人員，或由任務編組成立環境委員會。主要的職責多為訂定政策、目標，以及注意法規的發展 研究發現 5 推動組織綠化會引進新的知識或管理工具 研究發現 6 有些組織是以透過技術提升來推動綠化工作 研究發現 7 組織的綠化會透過獎勵來鼓勵員工推動綠化工作 研究發現 8 企業仍可透過傳統組織溝通的方式傳達綠色訊息 研究發現 9 透過組織綠化行動可塑造出綠色企業文化 研究發現 10 國外企業組織較重視對外環保溝通，尤其是與社區的關係 研究發現 11 組織綠化也會透過策略聯盟的方式進行 研究發現 12 組織推動綠化獲得的效益最明顯的是成本的節省、銷售量提升以及增強競爭力 研究發現13 組織對於環保的回應是處於被動／反應與接納性／參與之間 / Because of the more and more serious worldwide environmental problems andglobal badly pollution enents, the wave of the international environmentalconvention and the international environmental protection standard undoubtedlyhas become the unavoidable issue to run an enterprise. According to this, theleading enterprises start to gradually develop the three-win strategy which can benefit the enterprise, the consumer, and the environment at the same time.With the three-win strategy, we hope that environmentalists will not be illagainst the enterprises and that greening can become another source of enterprise competitive capability. The dissertataion not only widely review the environmental management theory, but also reinforce Piasecki and Chao-Tung Wen's "Corporate EnvironmentalStrategy and Management Theory" with the study of related organizational theoryby case analysis. We expect to provide organizational greening with positiveresearches and try to answer the raised questions below.1.What is the motivation of organizational greening?2.What greening actions have the organizations taken?3.What impact on organizations does the organizational greening have?4.Which organizational theory can be applied in the process of organizationalgreening have? The dissertation take the five elements form Piasecki and Chao-Tung Wen'senvironmental strategy and management structure as five analysis dimensions, which are strategic recognition and commitment, new title and functions, newmanagement tools, einvornmental communication, and strategic alliance. After reviewing the papers and case analysis physically, the dissertationhas thirteen research findings.

企業必須因應環境的變化而做出適當的策略決策，只有不斷加強自己核心能力，並且提出正確的策略的企業才能夠面對大環境的改變而不被淘汰。如今企業必須面臨的改變，來自環境氣候變遷而延伸出的政府與環保團體更多的要求、綠能科技的進步、消費者對綠色產品的喜好等趨勢。在這樣的外部環境下，企業除了被動地減少污染之外，其實還有更多創新的可能性藏著環境策略的背後，提早準備的企業將可以運用這些策略，建立更長久的競爭優勢。 本研究整理環境管理策略的相關研究，從歷史、能力與生態系統三個觀點分析企業環境管理思維的變化，進而提出三階段的論點：第一階段為產品（製程）改善、第二階段為價值共創，最後一階段為模式創新，這是一個由內而外的過程，先從企業內部本身的產品與製程改善做起，再結合外部其他不同產業的公司共創更高的價值，最後經由技術更新或事業再編而達成模式創新改變整個產業的遊戲規則。 為了應證三階段的管理思維演進，本研究針對美日各選擇一家領導企業：奇異電器和日立集團，作為討論的個案。美國與日本的領導企業面對的是最競爭的第一線戰場，對於環境管理有許多先進的觀點，但美日企業文化的不同，也造成兩家企業在環境管理上的差異。藉由三階段的觀點分析兩家個案公司在環境管理思維的做法，本研究期望可提供未來產業及後續研究者一個關於環境管理的做法與方向。

近年來為配合重大建設之開發如設置科學園區、國立大學分部設校計畫等土地開發，政府機關多按區域計畫法第15條之2規定以申請開發許可方式辦理農地之變更使用。於是大批農地變更為建築用地、工業用地或特定目的事業用地使用之情形屢見不鮮。如此大型之開發案雖經整體規劃，但規劃過程中僅考量開發案基地內本身之條件，卻忽視對週遭之環境或相關計畫之協調與整合，以致於不僅造成農地大量流失外，亦對整體環境品質之維護造成嚴重影響。 目前非都市土地開發管理在實務操作的面向上，似呈現開發許可制度並未考慮區域計畫精神、制度設計未考慮層級、各層級計畫之間的指導或承接關係普遍存在欠缺適當的聯繫機制、個案變更審議過程中未與國土規劃相連結且易受到政治影響、涉及變更農地使用時僅針對個案審議未考量是否影響周邊環境、農業主管機關對於優良農地保護及審查機制不足、開發方式太縱容個案開發許可、僅有量之需求但無質之要求、民眾事先參與之管道欠缺等之缺點，均有待探討謀求解決之道。 本文以土地使用計畫審議之合理性為主軸，應用永續發展中環境、經濟和公平（environment, economy, and equity）三個E之概念與區域計畫法第15條之2於國土利用係屬適當而合理之原則，探討開發許可中，農牧用地變更審議之規範與執行情形及民眾參與之方式，並藉由對專家學者、當地居民、公部門與相關組織之深入訪談及個案綜合分析結果，加以檢視與研討，確認目前非都市土地農牧用地變更審議執行上遭遇之課題，最後針對各課題研提改善策略與配套措施，以供政府未來執行非都市土地農牧用地變更審議政策之參考，期能達到農地環境資源合理利用之目標。 / In recent years, for co-operating the development of significant construction, like establishment of science parks, the national university branch and so on, the Government applies for the development permission to change the farmland use according to article 15-2 in Regional Plan Act. Large quantities of farmland are often changed to construction land, industry land or special-purpose land. So large-scale land development cases are planned comprehensively, and conditions of developed land base are considered in the planning process. Actually, the coordination and conformity to the environment or related plan are neglected. This not only causes the massive lost farmland, but also influences maintenance of the overall environment quality seriously. At present, in the non-urban land development management in the practice operation, the spirit of regional plan is not considered in the development permission institution. The Government do not considered the levels in the institution design. It is short of the suitable link mechanism in the instruction or continuation between plans in various levels. In the examination process of land-change cases, the cases are not linked to the national land planning, and easily influenced by the political power. When involving the farmland conversion, only the case itself is examined, but the effects on the peripheral environment are not considered. The agricultural agency lacks the superior farmland protection and examination mechanism. In the development way, the Government too tolerates the case development permission, and only has demand of the quantity without request for the quality. Besides, public participation prior to examination process is lacked. Above shortcomings should be discussed and solved. This article takes the rationality of land use plan examination as the main axle. It applies the concepts of three Es including environment, economy, and equity in the sustainable development, and adopts the principle of suitable and reasonable national land use in article 15-2 in Regional Plan Act. It discusses the standards and the situations of examination in agricultural land conversion, and the way of public participation in development permission. According to the in-depth Interviews of experts, local residents, the government agency and related organization and the results of cases study, it inspects and confirms present layout problems of examination in agricultural land conversion of non-urban land. Finally, it proposes the improvement strategies and the coordinated measures for various problems to offer references to the governmental policy in the future for achieving the goal of the reasonable use of farmland environment resources.

我國的無障礙環境推動雖已提升至憲法保障層級，惟目前無障礙交通人行環境之營造甚少納入永續經營的概念。依據本文所蒐集國內外的相關文獻中，亦未單以無障礙交通人行環境的角度，來探討是否合乎永續發展的理念。 因此，本文嘗試以經濟合作與發展組織（OECD）於1996年所定義「永續運輸之9項發展原則」，來分析美國、英國、日本之無障礙交通人行環境推動是否符合永續發展理念。再以前揭3個國家之經驗，以及永續運輸之9項發展原則等角度，來研擬我國無障礙交通人行環境營造之相關法令修正、政策與相關配套、設計規範等建議。本文即希望透過這種開創性的連結，重新賦予無障礙交通人行環境營造的契機，使之具備永續發展的精神，也希望帶給後續研究者一種新的思考方向。 本文之研究範圍界定為交通人行環境中之人行道部分，但完整之無障礙環境範圍含括生活輔具、建築設備、建築物、交通運具、大眾運輸設施等，所以除了本研究範圍外，其他相關範疇仍需後續研究之努力，使完整的無障礙環境均能具備永續發展的精神。 / Though the implementation of barrier-free environment on Taiwan has been up to and assured by Constitution, the concept of sustainable development still seldom showed in the construction of barrier-free environment for the pedestrians. Moreover, in all domestic and foreign literatures conducted and analyzed in the study, it does not discuss whether the construction is consonant with the concept of sustainable development solely through the viewpoint of pedestrians’ barrier-free transit environment. Therefore, the study adopted the nine principles put forward by the NRTEE concern to explore whether the promotions of a barrier-free environment for the pedestrians by the U.S., U.K., and Japan are consistent with their sustainable development policies. Subsequently, the study tried to give suggestions on pedestrians’ barrier-free environment related laws, regulations, policies, and programs through examining the experience of previous 3 countries as well as the principles of OECD. The study hoped to realize the constructing concept of a barrier-free environment for pedestrians through an innovative link and to make pedestrian transport sustainable. Hopefully the study could lead researchers a new way of thinking. The research scope of the study is limited only in the sidewalks in pedestrian transport. The whole barrier-free environment, however, involves assistance facilities, buildings, construction facilities, vehicles, and public transport. Therefore, more endeavors on in-depth studies in previous related fields should be done to create an integral barrier-free environment with sustainable development spirit.

由於政府實施週休二日及國人國民所得逐日增加，旅遊需求大幅提高，為適應國人1~2日旅遊型態，地區旅遊是目前與未來國民旅遊的重心。旅遊資源是大自然與人類文明歷史進展呈現給我們後代子孫的資產，它不僅提供人們休閒遊憩、賞景的功能，也負有教育、文化保存及資源保育的意義。 / 淡水地區旅遊資源可歸納為自然生態景觀資源、文化古蹟旅遊資源、廟宇參拜旅遊資源、地區聚落與街景旅遊資源、休閒農業旅遊資源、人為遊樂設施旅遊資源等，旅遊資源內涵豐沛。本研究選擇淡水地區為個案，探討地區旅遊資源未來發展之行銷策略，除針對旅遊資源分類、淡水地區旅遊資源分布及其發展現況作有系統的陳述外，另針對消費者對選定的17處景點作旅遊資源重要程度與滿意度以及遊客的旅遊體驗，進行相關問卷調查。從問卷設計、發出、回收及現場實地訪問後，再經資料整理，採用SPSS軟體統計分析，獲取淡水地區旅遊資源發展的狀況，並據此提出對策。 / 在消費者問卷調查後發現，大多數消費者認為淡水最具地方特色之旅遊資源為文化古蹟旅遊資源，而淡水未來最具發展潛力之旅遊資源為休閒農業，顯見該兩旅遊資源是淡水地區未來旅遊發展的重心。另本研究結果發現，淡水漁人碼頭、中正路老街、黃金水岸步道等遊客量特別高之景點，消費者對其旅遊資源重要度認知與滿意度認知都很高，而紅樹林、淡水河口賞鳥、淡水梯田賞景、鄞山寺、龍山寺、福佑宮、重建街古街、清水街古街等旅遊發展不振或遊客量低之景點，消費者對其旅遊資源重要度認知與滿意度認知相對偏低，顯見旅遊資源重要度認知與滿意度認知與遊客量呈顯著的正向影響關係。 / 為促使旅遊資源全面、永續發展以及現代化企業經營管理，本研究擬根據過去文獻、現地訪問了解、並參考問卷調查的結果，從規劃、政策、產品、價格、遊客、促銷、通路、包裝、夥伴等多面向的「9P」行銷概念研擬淡水地區六類旅遊資源行銷策略，並整合此六類旅遊資源行銷策略與政府旅遊政策，根據事實性變項分析以及從消費者對淡水地區旅遊資源重要性與滿意度認知之相關性等研擬未來淡水地區整體旅遊資源之行銷策略。 / Demand has been surging in Taiwan’s tourism market with the government’s implementation of the two-day weekend scheme and the increase of national per capita income. Countryside tourism is expected to dominate the domestic travel market because it best suits the one-to-two day holidays most common in Taiwan. Tourism resources are an inheritance from nature and our own history, and we need to pass this heritage on to our future generations. Tourism resources not only serve leisure, recreational and sightseeing functions, they also play a meaningful role in education, cultural preservation and resource conservation. / Tamsui’s countryside tourism resources may be categorized as natural and ecosystem resources, cultural relics and historical sites, temples and shrines, local communities and streets, recreational agriculture and amusement parks and facilities. Tamsui boasts a rich variety of tourism resources. / This research uses Tamsui as a case study to explore marketing strategies available to a locality in developing its tourism resources. In addition to a systematic description of the types of tourism resources, their distribution and current development in Tamsui, this research conducted a survey by questionnaire on 17 tourist spots selected by consumers to gauge their level of importance and consumer satisfaction and travel experience. This effort included the design, distribution and collection of questionnaires after on-site interviews. The study used SPSS (Statistical Package for the Social Sciences) to analyze the collected data on the development of tourism resources in Tamsui and provide recommendations based on the findings. / The questionnaires revealed that most consumers see cultural relics and historical sites as tourism resources that are unique to Tamsui, while recreational agriculture shows the greatest potential for development as a tourism resource. It is apparent that these two resources will be the focus of future development for Tamsui in the future. Meanwhile, this study showed that regarding such places as Tamsui’s Fisherman’s Wharf, Zhongzheng Old Street, the Gold Coast Walkway and other places that were thronged by visitors, consumers had a high level of satisfaction and recognition of the importance of tourism resources. On the other hand, consumers had a low level of satisfaction and recognition of the importance of tourism resources in low-traffic spots or those that were poorly developed such as the Tamsui River Mangrove Area (Hongshulin), the bird-watching area along the Tamsui River Estuary, terraced fields, the Yinshan Temple, the Longshan Temple, the Fuyou Temple, the Chongjian Old Street and Cingshuei Street. This shows there was a strong positive correlation between the level of satisfaction and recognition of the importance of tourism resources and the number of tourists. / In order to promote sustainable and comprehensive development of tourism resources and modern business-management practices, this paper proposes marketing strategies for six types of tourism resources in Tamsui based on a 9P concept (planning, policy, product, price, people, promotion, place, package and partnership) after the study of literature and on-site investigations. In addition, this research integrates the marketing strategies of the six types of tourism resources with the government’s corresponding tourism policies. Factual analysis of variance is conducted to explore the correlation between consumers’ perception of importance and level of satisfaction regarding tourism resources in Tamsui, so that a strategic marketing plan can be devised for Tamsui’s overall tourism resources in the future.

會展產業（又稱MICE）具有整合多方資源的特性，能為當地帶來可觀的經濟效益，因此有火車頭產業之稱。但近年來研究發現MICE對經濟、環境社會帶來許多負面衝擊，應該進行永續發展以降低風險。2012年，倫敦奧運採用國際標準ISO 20121永續活動管理系統後，國際上廣泛地討論該標準的發展可能改變MICE既有的商業模式，更能落實永續發展。 本研究問題為「台灣MICE產業如何透過使用ISO20121發展其永續活動？」本研究認為，MICE使用ISO20121之過程應該要瞭解到相關利害關係人之觀點，才能夠深入瞭解企業使用ISO 20121的決策因素。本研究以「經營需求」、「競爭需求」、「發展需求」三個觀點進行分析，發現目前台灣MICE因為缺乏完整發展的綠色供應鏈而對標準使用造成了阻礙。本研究建議，為了使MICE能夠發展永續活動管理，政府與企業領導人應該與「多方共同合作培養成功案例」、「提倡MICE的合法性」、「發展綠色供應鏈」、「提供獎勵誘因」等方式增強市場對於永續需求的強烈信號。 / With the integrated features of multiple resources, event industry (also known as MICE) could bring considerable economic benefits for the local economy. However, recent studies have found that MICE can also cause negative impacts on economic, social and environmental aspects. To reduce the risk, MICE industry should address the sustainable development as a solution. After adopting by the London 2012 Olympic and Paralympics Games, ISO 20121, the standard of sustainable event management, have been extensively discussed in global society, which was considered to change the existing business model in MICE industry. This study aims to answer research question, “how can ISO 20121 benefit the MICE industry in Taiwan to develop sustainable event service?” This research finds out identifying differnet perspectives of stakeholders clearly is crucial so as to understand the decision factors that affect the use of ISO 20121. By examining “business needs”, “completion needs” and “development needs” perspectives, this study discovers that the lack of well-established green supply chain can hold back the sustainable development in the MICE industry in Taiwan. In order to develop the sustainable event service in MICE industry, this study suggests that the government and business leaders should cooperate with different sectors to create successful case study, advocate the legality, establish green supply chain and provide incentives as strong signal to stimulate the demand of sustainability in MICE market.

本文旨在探討灌溉水資源系統中的「水圳」，在歷史的發展脈絡下如何成為農村不可或缺的依賴性治理制度。而都市化與工業發展興起後，水圳面臨了設施改造與治理困境，其制度本身所產生之變革以及新興治理機制對原有組織之影響。 本文透過美濃獅子頭水圳為個案研究，運用伊利諾‧歐斯壯(E.Ostrom)之「共用資源永續發展治理八大原則」為水圳資源有效治理之理論背景，檢視早期美濃獅子頭水圳的集體行動組織（地方水利會-農民），如何成功地在自主治理的機制中運作，並探討在現代化發展過程中宏觀的外在結構環境，包含農業轉型、停徵會費、派系競爭、水患問題等變化，對既有的共用資源制度產生的衝擊與弱化。以及民主化後由愛鄉協進會透過反水庫社會運動帶動社區總體營造對於水圳治理的創新模式。本文認為早期獅子頭水圳在資源邊界、集體選擇、對組織權最低限度認可與多中心治理等面向建立起維持永續發展之基礎。制度本身雖遭受外在環境變遷而呈現鬆散，但由於觀光休閒農業的推廣，吸引農村漂鳥回流，對灌溉水資源的參與治理渴望達到穩定的力量。並且，透過給予掌水工與水利小組的正式與非正式制度性誘因，可以有效調節灌溉用水並做為提供移轉調撥其他產業用水的基礎。最後，在地方性非營利組織「愛鄉協進會」進入水圳系統的治理後，挑戰由半官僚水利會所掌控的政治經濟功能掛帥水圳系統，更融入生態、文化、公民參與等不同的元素形成一共同治理新模式，除了延續後農業時代水圳的灌溉功能之外，也強化其制度韌性。藉由這些發現，本文進而提出實務與理論的研究建議，以做為後農業時代水資源灌溉系統的永續發展之借鏡。 / The subject of this essay is to explore the reason why an irrigation canal, in the process of historical development, became an indispensable governance institution in the villages. Also, in the advent of urbanization and industrialization, the irrigation canal faces a situation of the renovation of facility as well as the predicament of governance, in which the institution itself changes and newly governance system influences the original organizations. This study takes Shihtou Irrigation Canal in Meinung as the object. Using Elino Ostrom’s eight design principles of stable local common pool resource (CPR) management to review the successful self-governance mechanisms in operation performed by the early local collective action organization (mainly made by Taiwan Joint Irrigation Association and farmers). Also the paper explains the impacts of macro-environment, including the agricultural transformation, stop collecting fees, factional competition and flooding, on the existing system of CPR. And an innovational governance participated by a Meinung People's Association, a grass-roots organization from anti-reservoir activities to comprehensive community development in the era of post-democratization. Results of this study showed as follows: Firstly, early Shihtou irrigation canal maintain the basis for establishing sustainable development as result of clearly defined boundaries, collective-choice arrangement, minimal recognition of rights to organize, and nested enterprises. Besides, although it was weaken by the later change of external structure, the development of leisure agriculture attracted recurrent youth for agriculture, who was desired for reviving the power of appropriation in canal self-governance. Meanwhile, the institutional design of water-inspectors and water conservancy group arranged through formal and informal incentives can effectively regulate the right of water for irrigation and serve as providing the basis for the allocation of water for other industries. Finally, a local non-profit organization Meinung People's Association challenges the governance system originally controlled by a half-bureaucratic management of local Farm Irrigation Association. Compared with the mainly political and economic functions of water governance by the latter, the former emphasize the different elements of ecological, cultural, and civic participation. This formation of New model of shared governance in canal not only continue its irrigational function in post-agriculture, but also strengthen its institutional tenacity..With these findings, the paper puts forward practical and theoretical study suggests in order to learn as a sustainable development of water resources in the era of post-agricultural irrigation systems.

台北市近年萌發了許多從巷弄中由下而上發展的「創意街區」，因為其蓬勃發展而逐漸受到政府重視。本研究以其中發展最為成熟的中山雙連創意街區為研究標的，探討其成功原因，並和國外兩個個案作比較，統整出讓此種創意產業群聚成功的共同要素，進而探討創意街區引導都市區域再生的方法和如何維持永續發展。 　　研究發現，中山雙連街區內的創意群聚因為其在空間中的密集性和頻繁接觸，加上其他空間環境的幫助，使其產生了創意氛圍。此外，街區的創新特色、歷史文化和街區成員共同推廣的共識，塑造了中山雙連街區的地方品牌。創意氛圍是以培養源源不絕的創意對都市區域文化上的提昇；地方品牌是藉由形成對拜訪者和旅客的拉力形成都市區域經濟上的提昇。因此，文化和經濟的重新活絡，便是都市再生的核心，而創意群聚也已經成功地帶動了中山雙連街區的重新發展。 　　最後，以「都市與產業共生模型」理出創意產業群聚和街區成員及整個都市空間互動的脈絡；再從街區成員所表達出的深層情感面而衍生出的「永續發展策略三角」。兩個模型，一個是以具體觀察得到的元素，另一個是以情感層面的要素，共同對街區再生機制的永續發展做出驗證和評估。 / There are so many creative clusters that are cultivated within streets blocks blossoming these years and catching the public’s eyes. In this research, one most maturely developed cluster is taken as an example, that is, ZhongShan – Shuanglian street district. The cluster is compared with two other foreign cases and some factors that enable their success would be derived. In the end, how creative clusters result in urban regeneration and keep it sustainable development is the final issue of this thesis. It is found that the cluster in ZhongShan – Shuanglian street district produce its creative milieu due to spacial concentration, frequent contact among the members and any other positive assistance from the environment. Also, as a result of its historical culture, consensus of members, and characteristics, the place branding, however, forms. Speaking to creative milieu and place branding, the former promotes regional culture and the latter boosts regional economy, both of which bring about urban regeneration. Anyway, the cluster surely improves the regional redevelopment successfully. What is the last but not the least part of this thesis is this research applies “Industry and City Symbiosis Model” and conducts “Strategy Triangle” to the cluster, in order to figure out some theoretical methods which provide verifications or suggestions for sustainable development of the clusters in street district.

台灣的企業在過去數十年有驚人的進步與發展，無數的企業甚至於從家庭工廠或小型公司開始，憑藉台灣人辛勤苦幹與創業家精神戮力經營，逐漸地成長茁壯，進而提升及蛻變，終能在國際上嶄露頭角，甚至成了勝出於國際同業之間的跨國性企業，但是面對企業社會責任(Corporate Social Responsibility，簡稱CSR)由2005年的邊緣性的議題，轉變為2006年全世界談論的焦點之際，台灣企業卻對CSR仍然陌生，倘若不及早規劃因應，恐將遭受極大的衝擊與損失，鑑於公司治理係屬CSR所涵蓋財務面、環境面及社會面等三個面向當中的財務面向，因此允宜在國內過去推動公司治理的經驗與基礎之上，持續推動落實公司治理，並擴大至整體企業社會責任的推動與建制，本研究即秉持這樣的基調，希冀經由探討及瞭解CSR的意涵、沿革、現況與未來發展，透過產業案例之研究，分析檢討台灣在CSR的履行與因應上的問題與缺乏，並試圖提出改善與強化的建議，進而作為未來資本市場本身暨其針對上市上櫃公司及其他市場參與者，宣導、推動及落實CSR的起點與參考。 本文的研究架構共分為五章，「第一章」為緒論，係就研究的背景、動機、目的、範圍與研究的架構與歷程，逐一加以闡述與說明。在研究背景方面，主要列舉近年來，尤其是2006年，全世界所發生關乎企業治理議題、環境議題、社會議題等CSR各面向的新案例，暨CSR新的標準或倡議，以顯示CSR的蓬勃發展；研究動機則導因於總部設在荷蘭的國際機構SOMO所發表一篇對手機品牌大廠有關CSR的報告，鑑於未來將直間接衝擊台灣的供應商與代工業，因此頗有進一步探討研究之必要；研究目的則意欲探究CSR對台灣企業的可能衝擊，促使業者及國內各相關機關、機構及早因應及規劃；研究範圍方面，則為使研究符合具體化且具實務性價值，因此以公司治理相對較有基礎的上市櫃公司且將更以上開SOMO的研究報告相關聯的手機代工業產業為探討檢視的對象；研究的架構與歷程乃以文獻的蒐集參考，加上個案案例研究暨問卷調查分析等方法進行。 「第二章」為CSR的探討，首先係針對CSR的文獻探討部分，分別就CSR的意涵、演進、主要面向、具體內涵及其目標使命加以說明探究；次就CSR的歷來重要的國際倡議與標準，並介紹近年來國際上有關CSR的發展情形、具體作為及重要案例；最後則臚述台灣CSR的現況與問題。 「第三章」為全球與台灣手機市場現況，主要是就本研究所選定手機業的產業狀況分析，包括手機業有關全球與台灣的產業概況、國內產業供應鏈概況暨國內手機業者在全球產業鏈中所佔地位，著重其對上下游廠商的優劣勢，尤其導引出面對品牌大廠的劣勢，因而更有來自大廠的CSR壓力與危機。 「第四章」為台灣手機代工業所面臨CSR之挑戰，先就SOMO組織所發表該篇報告中，針對手機品牌大廠CSR的批判事項以及其中所透露的警訊，另分析探討該等大廠對其代工廠或供應商可能提出的要求或採取的作為，並分析對台灣業者的相關衝擊；另為了具體瞭解及掌握國內手機代工業者的CSR執行現況，乃參考ICT針對供應商CSR自評問卷內容設計簡式問卷，對國內上市手機代工業者進行問卷調查，並分析其缺失問題，也提出其可以強化的做法。 「第五章」為建議與結語，乃針對我國整體與企業面對CSR潮流與挑戰，暨或可規劃努力的策略、方向與層面提出建言；在宣導、推動與機制建立方面，建議「從公司治理到企業社會責任」，以近年來推動公司治理的經驗為本，參照既往的方式與軌跡，朝更多的面向與層面努力以赴，期能克竟其功，並期許台灣企業或可以公司治理與CSR均佳的台積電公司為典範，落實建立與履行CSR，俾能造就更多台灣產出的世界級企業。 / Over decades, some very small family business and manufacturers have grown and developed significantly to large enterprises in Taiwan. Nowadays they are becoming prosperous, developing multinational business, and some are even globally recognized brand names. However, when facing the issue of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR), which has become an essential issue in 2006, these prosperous enterprises are not familiar with and yet to be well-prepared. Given that corporate governance involves only the financial aspect of CSR, which entails economic, social, environmental, and ecological aspects of firms’ operations and activities, it may well be appropriate to promote overall CSR concept and infrastructure based on corporate governance. This concept serves as the purpose of this dissertation: to analyze and investigate into problems facing enterprises obliged to take CSR, by studying the meaning, background, current circumstances and future developments of CSR, and through case study of mobile phone industry. Hopefully more conclusion and suggestions can be drawn from this dissertation to provide TSE and GTSM listed companies and other market participants with more reference to promote and implement CSR. This dissertation is divided into 5 parts: Chapter 1: Introduction This chapter includes research background, motive, purpose, research scope, structur and process. New cases, especially in 2006, of corporate governance, environmental impact, and social issues are presented in the section of research background to demonstrate new trends of CSR. The motive of conducting this research is based on a report from an international organization named SOMO based in the Netherlands. This report addresses CSR topics regarding worldwide handset manufacturers. CSR issues mentioned in this report will directly affect handset suppliers and ODM/OEM enterprises. With further research and investigation, hopefully handset manufacturers and related enterprises can be more aware of CSR and can better cope with these issues and take proactive measures to prevent CSR related problems, which serves as the purpose of this dissertation. Research scope encompasses listed companies in the handset ODM/OEM enterprises. Research process includes literature review, case study, and questionnaire analysis. Chapter 2: Literature review of CSR This chapter first looks at the definition, evolution, various aspects, practical meaning, and purposes of CSR. Afterwards the international standards of CSR and international practices and development of CSR cases would be elaborated. Finally Taiwan CSR status quo and challenges would be discussed. Chapter 3: Taiwan and global handset manufacturing market status In this chapter, mobile phone industry analysis is conducted, including domestic and global mobile phone market status, Taiwan handset manufacturing supply chain. It also looks at Taiwan handset makers’ market position in the global industrial environment. This chapter stresses the threats of domestic enterprises when facing global main handset players, which makes them face more stress and problems as a result of CSR. Chapter 4: CSR challenges facing Taiwan handset ODM/OEM firms In the beginning we will look at the criticism and warning to handset global brand names from the aforementioned report of SOMO. In addition we analyze potential requests and conducts required by these global players to their ODM/OEM firms in the face of CSR. These requests and conducts can subsequently impact Taiwan mobile phone manufacturing industry. In a bid to look at the current circumstances of domestic handset makers’ CSR operation, we use ICT’s CSR questionnaire as a reference to design a simplified version, and distribute to TSE and GTSM listed handset ODM/OEM enterprises. According to the questionnaire result, we find some current drawbacks and propose solutions. Chapter 5: Suggestion and conclusion In this chapter we are looking at trends and overall CSR challenges facing domestic enterprises in Taiwan. Practical strategies and directions are proposed. In terms of promotion, implementation, and establishing CSR mechanism, this dissertation proposes that firms start from Corporate Governance to CSR, and develop in more CSR aspects based on their previous Corporate Governance experience. This article also cites TSMC as a role model for CG and CSR, hoping that firms to follow suit and for this island to create more globally renowned enterprises. Key words: Corporate Social Responsibility, Multinational Enterprise, Handset ODM/OEM, CSR Initiatives, CSR International Standard, Corporate Governance, Corporate Sustainable Development, Supply Chain, Supplier

本研究為個案研究，以政大EMBA永續農業促進小組所創「政大一畝田」品牌專案為例，以深度訪談為研究方法，主要探討社會公民社團，如何透過策略聯盟方式，與策略夥伴為利害關係人以及社會共創新價值，並輔以相關文獻的深度分析，對農民團體策略聯盟以推廣有機農業提供具體建議。 根據農糧署2010/05發佈台灣有機認證農地共有4217公頃,僅佔所有農地的0.4％，在政府目前積極的倡導下，消費者認同與消費者支持已大幅增加，台灣的農民團體多自行組織，自產自銷，或者透過地方產銷班等，共同銷售予通路商、中盤商，但現行的銷售管道之銷量不大，又易被中盤商壓價，因此造成台灣有機小農的銷售困境。 研究者發起「政大EMBA永續農業促進小組」，透過資源分析以及環境分析，以組織內部成員之人脈資源、資金、商管知識以及服務熱忱作為基礎，再加上政大之社群資源，與農民團體合作，選定宜蘭三星行健有機合作社作為策略夥伴，推行「政大一畝田」契作稻田認養專案，建立以國內相關企業為目標客群之企業認養的銷售管道。 此公益項目增進台灣有機稻農的生計，也為認養企業與家庭提供樂活體驗、二次公益等社會企業責任的價值，更透過媒體公關行銷，使策略夥伴以及有機議題得到大眾關注，以提昇國民對有機農產的認同與支持。 / Based on the Case of NCCU's My-Farmland Project by National ChengChi University EMBA Sustainable Agriculture Promoting Organization, this paper will discuss how Non-Profit Organizations create new value of sustainability with other stakeholders by strategic alliance and offer some advice to the agricultural organization in Taiwan to promote sustainable agriculture. This paper will also provide literature review on civil society, sustainable agriculture, social enterprise and strategic alliance. According to the Council of Agriculture, the organic farmland officially recorded is 4217 hectares which only accounts for 0.4 percent of the total farmland in Taiwan. Now through the active promotion of the government, both the consumer identification and their support have increased dramatically. The agricultural organizations in Taiwan are made up almost entirely of farmers only. They produce and sell their products on their own. Their main sales channels are to wholesalers, distributors and some end consumers in low volumes. With low bargaining power, organic farmers in Taiwan have a difficult sales condition. This researcher initiated the "National Chengchi University EMBA sustainable agriculture promotion teams" to promote the Case of NCCU's My-Farmland Project through resources and environmental analysis together with the networking, capital, business management knowledge and dedicated services of the members of the NCCU or ganization, plus the community resources of the National Chengchi University. It is the goal of this project to assist the agricultural organizations in Taiwan in prospering and expanding their business. We have selected Ilan Samsung organic cooperatives as a strategic partner to promote and execute the above project and create a sales pipeline for relevant domestic enterprises as target customers. This charity project will provide Taiwan organic farmers with better lives, and also offer country life experiences for the corporations and families who join the project. Additionally, this project will allow the corporations to fulfill their corporate social responsibilities. Furthermore, with the promotion and attention through medias, this project will really increase the consumer identification and their support for the organic farmers in Taiwan.