本研究旨在藉由Brandenburge & Nalebuff (1995)的『價值網絡』(Value Net)模型來探討企業之新創事業如何在所屬的『價值網絡』中，依其策略性定位採取與同一網絡中的其他價值競逐者或合作或競爭的合縱連橫，以遂行其為事業創造顧客價值之目的。 企業在其所屬事業的『價值網絡』中，或藉由靈活地調整自身策略定位，或藉由提昇自己的附加價值、壓抑對手的附加價值，或藉由改變競爭規則、競爭範疇等，以形塑其事業的競爭優勢。 研究發現，新創事業即使在『價值網絡』中具有相對於其它競爭者更不對稱的優勢，若無法為事業創造高於所投入成本的價值，並將所獲得的價值價格化，則所具備的是不具價值的優勢。亦即，新創事業若無獲利能力，則再好的事業構想、再好的商業模式，也無助於新創事業的超越失敗。 企業對於已難以超越失敗的新創事業之進退所採取的策略選擇，固然會受到客觀的退出障礙及理性的策略性考量影響；但，企業對於所屬事業前景的主觀看法及經營者的心理素質更會左右對事業殘局的評估及其因應策略的選擇。 經營具充滿不確定性風險的新創事業並非參加一場僅是一次行動的比賽。因此，企業除了要熟稔其事業在『價值網絡』的定位、靈活運用各項要素以遂行其創造顧客價值的優勢外；對於不如預期之新創事業，更應理性地面對事實及客觀地評估與選擇或進或退之策略，避免因無謂的資源消耗而陷入僵局；也避色因陷入僵局而使得企業失却其它再興的新局！

鋰離子電池（Li-Ion Battery）在筆記型電腦產品的應用性愈來愈高，而臺灣廠商在筆記型電腦產品之產業鏈上素來扮演重要地位，鋰離子電池產業也不例外。然而，環顧目前全球筆記型電腦鋰離子電池產業，日本與韓國廠商一方面供應筆記型電腦所使用的18650電池芯給台灣的電池組裝廠，另一方面在電池組上與台灣組裝廠競爭電池組的市場。而臺灣廠商在日本、韓國等電池芯供應商的夾擊下，該要如何找到出路？ 本研究利用Brandenburger & Nalebuff（1996）在「競合策略」（Co-opetition）一書中發表的賽局理論為架構，利用賽局理論的架構探討臺灣電池組裝廠廠商在全球筆記型電腦鋰離子電池產業的定位。本研究採個案研究法深入訪談個案公司的高階主管，以瞭解其與供應商、競爭者的競合關係。由個案分析與研究發現得出研究結論如下: 結論一：明確的客戶選擇與產品策略，有助於凝聚內部的共識，創造對客戶和對供應商附加價值。 結論二：面對強勢的供應商，並且積極的爭取下游客戶的競爭下，企業要積極扮演好客戶期待的角色，並進一步藉由客戶的力量來提升供應商的服務。 結論三：企業透過不同的價值活動來展現技術和未來的發展力，可以提升在客戶端的價值地位；也可以讓供應商廠感受威脅來提升供貨的服務。 結論四：企業藉由客戶、互補者在其他產業的連結，有助於擴展產品的範圍及開發新的客戶。 / Lithium Ion Battery is getting more widely used at portable electronic products, particularly at laptop PC. In laptop PC industry, Taiwanese manufacturers have been playing important role in the worldwide supply chain, and Taiwanese battery pack makers also have significant share of computing batteries market for laptop PC in past years. Most of computing batteries adopt 18650 Lithium ion cell which is the most significant cost factor of a computing battery pack. Taiwanese battery pack makers source the Lithium ion cells mainly from Korean and Japanese Lithium ion cell suppliers. However, these cell suppliers are not only supply cells to pack makers, but also build the packs to compete against Taiwanese suppliers in pack market. Facing the competition from suppliers in end market, how can Taiwan pack makers survive in the battery pack business? This research uses "Co-opetition" of Game Theory by Adam M.Brandenburger and Barry J. Nalebuff as the framework , adopt case-study method to understand Taiwanese battery pack makers strategies to win the market share, how Taiwan battery pack makers position themselves among their suppliers, rivals and customers, what actions shall Taiwanese pack makers take to sustain in this industry. The conclusions of this research are stated as below 1. Clear and specific customer selection strategy and product plan would help the corporate to reach internal consensus, create value-add to customers and suppliers. 2. Corporate would obtain supports from suppliers through customers’ assistances when the supplier are also a competitor in product end market 3. Corporate would gain better service from suppliers by delivering its innovations and technologies through value activities. 4. Corporate would expand its product portfolio and develops new customers by utilizing the connections with customers and complementors.

高科技產業是目前台灣繼紡織工業、機械工業後引領台灣近三十年來產業發展的主流產業，其中又以ICT（Information & Communications Technology）產業是台灣高科技產業的代表。但高科技產業特徵是快速的變化，並不斷經過創新技術的發展，加劇其變化的速度，要有能力在高科技產業中持續發展，對市場趨勢、核心能力的掌握、新技術發展、人才養成、垂直整合能力、水平產業整合能力等皆需具備，才有機會在高科技產業中生存及發展。因此如何掌握企業本身的核心能力、檢視整體供應鏈價值，並提出適合之企業經營與競合策略，便是能否在高科技產業中持續發展的關鍵因素了。 觸控面板產業自2007年Apple正式推出iPhone後，觸控面板有了急速成長的開端。其中台灣在觸控面板的供應鏈中佔有超過50%的產值，是台灣在全球的又一個世界第一，值得期待，而本研究的主題”捲揚式真空濺鍍產業”正是觸控面板業中的關鍵材料製造技術。但在台灣創造另一個第一的同時，細部去分析此類產品供應鏈的成本結構，獲利最高的並非台灣廠商而是日本廠商，那麼如何提高台灣廠商在觸控面板產業的價值，答案就在如何洞悉產業及如合運用創新與競合的經營策略了。 / A high-tech industry is a mainstream industry. In Taiwan, the machinery industry is second only to the textile industry as the leading industry over three decades of industrial development. Within the machinery industry, the Information & Communications Technology (ICT) industry is representative of Taiwan's high-tech industry. However, the high-tech industry is characterised by rapid change, which results in the continuous development of innovative technologies. These changes enable companies to sustain technological development, grasp market trends, enhance core competencies, develop talent, gain vertical integration capability, and improve their chances of survival and growth in the high-technology industry. Therefore, the key to sustainable development of the high-tech industry lies in mastering the core competencies of the enterprise itself, considering the value of the overall supply chain, and adopting a suitable competition and cooperation strategy for the business. Since 2007, there has been significant growth in the touch panel industry with the official launch of the Apple iPhone. This study on the“winch vacuum sputtering industry”focuses on the Taiwan based touch panel supply chain, which is a world leader and accounts for 50% of national output value,to assess the key materials in manufacturing technology. However, establishing another successful industry in Taiwan requires additional data to analyse the cost structure of the supply chain of such products and requires assessing Japanese manufacturers in addition to the most profitable Taiwanese companies. Hence, insights from the business strategies of innovating/competing industries is likely to improve the value of Taiwanese touch panel manufacturers.

近年來資通訊科技與網路帶動了電子商務之發展，網路商店如雨後春筍般的成立，許多具有實體通路的企業，亦紛紛投入網路市場建立網路商店以分食網路市場利潤，成為所謂的「虛實整合」企業。而成功的虛實整合企業不僅需要虛實通路間的相互合作以擴增市場，同時也得克服兩通路間可能因業績而產生自相競食的狀況。由此可知虛實通路間存在既競爭又合作的複雜關係。 因此本研究藉由競合策略的觀點，來探討具實體通路的企業經營虛擬通路的過程以及其虛實通路間的競合關係。研究方法上採取質性的個案研究方式，並以特力集團做為深入的個案研究對象。期望研究成果同時帶來實務上與學術上的貢獻。 本研究所得到的結論如下： 1.企業在已有實體通路下經營虛擬通路時，會將虛擬通路部門定位為行銷平台，並採取「網站接單，但實體出貨」的營運方式，同時也會透過品牌、商品品項、品質及價格等方面的統一來避免消費者的混淆。 2. 企業的虛擬通路部門面對實體通路部門時，會透過換位思考的方式運用利誘和施壓之策略，且同時搭配篩選實體合作店與分配訂單的配套措施，使實體通路部門在競爭下與之合作。 3. 企業的虛擬通路部門面對實體通路部門時，打破營運框架引導網站顧客至實體通路消費，並結合自身的核心優勢吸引更多顧客前往網站瀏覽、下單，以提升其營運業績。 / In recent years, Internet brought along the growth of electronic commerce; Internet shops sprung up like mushrooms, and many companies with physical distribution channels one after another have also invested into online marketing to create Internet shops and to share Internet market profits, becoming so-called “click-and-mortar” business. However, for expanding the market successful “click-and-mortar” businesses not only the enterprises need to ensure mutual cooperation between virtual and physical channels, but at the same time also have to overcome mutual cannibalization of the two types of channels. Thus, it can be seen that there exist both cooperation and competition between virtual and physical channels. The study aims to investigate the operations of virtual channels in the enterprises of “click-and-mortar” with existing physical channels. We will analyze “co-opetition” relations between virtual and physical channels by modifying the framework of game theory’s five elements for the situation of co-opetition. Then, we select corporate group Test Rite International Co., Ltd. for our case study subject and use in-depth interview so major approach for the study. We hope the research results bring both academic and practical contributions. The study will examine research problems from three perspectives. Firstly, how does the company position and manage virtual channels under already with established physical channels. Secondly, how does the department of virtual channels cooperate with the department of physical channels for using its resources? Thirdly, how does the department of virtual channels compete with the department of physical channels? Through the case study in our research, we conclude: (1) The enterprise with established physical channels, positions the department of virtual channels as the platform for distribution and performs the operation mode “take orders by website, deliver products through physical channel”, and avoids confusing customers by unification of brands, product items, quality, and price.(2) When working with the department of physical channels, the department of virtual channels develops inducement and suppression strategy by “putting itself in other’s place” thinking pattern. It makes the department of physical channels cooperate under competition by adjusting measures for choosing cooperation with physical channel stores and distribution of orders. (3) By the special strategies, such as attracting customers to visit virtual channels, the department of virtual channels breaks down the operating framework by combining its own advantages, and wins over more customers to visit the webpage for browsing and ordering, by this increasing the operating performance.

近年來，環境汙染、能源危機等議題，使世界各國莫不開始重視環境永續經營之課題。目前被認為具發展潛力之替代能源包括太陽能、風力、地熱、水力、生質能等，其中，由於太陽能為取之不盡、用之不竭的循環再生能源，具無汙染、發展歷史悠久、取得來源穩定、發電成本逐年下降等優勢，因此，各國政府皆致力於太陽能光電產業之發展與推動。 根據統計，太陽能光電產業產品製造重心在2008年金融風暴後，快速往亞洲地區移動，產量增加最快的地區為中國和臺灣，兩岸因各自不同的地理環境、發展條件、政府政策等因素，促使相關產品在全球市場佔有率持續增加。2009 年全球太陽能電池產量為9.34GW，其中，中國與台灣佔全球總產量的49%（中國38%、台灣11%），可見兩岸同時共享全球太陽能光電市場，亦共同競爭全球再生能源產業版圖。 本研究由廠商角度出發，針對兩岸太陽能光電產業競爭與合作策略進行多面向分析研究。首先透過Porter (1980, 1990)五力分析與鑽石模型，對兩岸太陽能光電產業進行探討，並以廠商層次之資源基礎與交易成本等理論，瞭解個案廠商的交易成本與交易價值，同時探討國家和產業因素是否在廠商合作或不合作決策間形成調節效果。本研究發現，面對中國廠商，不同價值鏈階段的台灣廠商需選擇不同的競爭或合作策略，垂直整合並非台灣太陽能光電廠商首選之發展策略。同時，基於資源與能力的互補性可發現，兩岸同價值鏈階段廠商呈相互競爭狀態，廠商合作動機低，而兩岸不同價值鏈階段廠商的合作動機則高。在合作方式方面，則因台灣廠商的目的性差異，主要分作長短期契約和合資兩種方式。此外，本研究亦發現國家條件，如生產要素互補性與政府政策，以及產業發展現況將帶動兩岸廠商建立合作關係的可能性。 / Due to increasingly environmental issues such as pollution or energy crisis, people begin to regard environmental sustainability as an important topic in recent years. There are several kinds of potential substitute energy, including solar, wind, geothermal, water power, biomass energy, etc. Solar energy is one of important substitute energies because of its pollution-free characteristics, stability and decreasing cost trend. Therefore, the governments are committed to develop and promote the solar photovoltaic industry. According to statistics, the production area of photovoltaic products has been moved quickly from Europe to Asia after the financial crisis in 2008. The two of the fastest growing areas are China and Taiwan. Due to geographical environment, development conditions, government policies and other industrial factors, photovoltaic products from China and Taiwan continue to increase in the global market share. For instance, China and Taiwan accounted for 49% (or 93.4GW) of the worldwide solar cell production (38% in China, 11% in Taiwan) in 2009. It is obvious that China and Taiwan are competing the global photovoltaic market share. Based on five forces model, diamond model, transaction cost theory and resource-based view, this study provides a multi-strategic analysis of co-opetition in the cross-strait photovoltaic industry. By collecting secondary data and conducing case study, I complete a serious of systematic analysis and results with the grounded theory approach.

新品牌的崛起，一般的建議是1.建立起令人有豐富且深刻聯想的品牌識別系統；2.以強力的整合行銷傳播建立品牌高知名度，假以時日，就能成為強勢品牌。但以筆者多年擔任行銷顧問的觀察，按表操課的企業未必都能獲得成功，深究其原因，可發現從新品牌開始曝光，消費者就一直拿著放大鏡來檢視打造這個品牌的企業所有的一切作為，是否真的下定決心、義無反顧地想做好品牌。這篇論文正是研究企業究竟要做出什麼承諾，才有取信顧客，讓顧客心悅誠服願意建立關係。 本研究將品牌承諾定義為：「企業為打造品牌所做出重大投入或投資」，並認為品牌承諾的主要目的是為了將外部顧客鎖入內部，所以品牌承諾的作用就是促進顧客願意建立長久而穩定關係的意願。 由於品牌與顧客的關係是由一次次的接觸而建立起來，所以本研究由品牌接觸點切入，認為品牌接觸點就是顧客判斷品牌承諾可信與否的線索。並以關係意願取代購買意願來衡量顧客願意建立關係的強度，其原因為許多消費者在沒有能力消費某品牌前，可能已經成為該品牌的粉絲，這些粉絲常常為喜愛的品牌捍衛辨護，尤其在網際網路上。 本研究經實證分析得到以下的發現： 1.單一類型品牌承諾投入愈多，則顧客的關係意願愈高。 2.以品牌接觸點的觀點，將所有接觸點上的品牌承諾加總，承諾愈高，則顧客的關係意願愈高。 3.品牌印象會造成關係意願的顯著差異 4.品牌忠誠者的關係意願較未購買者高。