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許多學者認為開放市場、降低管制是提升電視產業競爭力的不二法門，然而，國家介入與電視產業績效之間的實證研究仍相當缺乏，因此本研究的目的旨在討論國家干涉程度和節目產製能力間的關係。本研究採用歷史制度途徑的分析，解釋同樣被歸類為發展型國家的台灣與韓國，為何在1997年金融風暴後選擇不同的轉型路徑。研究結果顯示，台灣電視產業因國家干涉程度低，放任市場過度競爭而導致產製能力下滑，另一方面，韓國電視產業則受惠於國家高度干預，因寡佔結構而有效維持產製能力和經營績效。總結而言，本研究證明韓國在發展型國家的基礎上成功轉型升級，而台灣則是揚棄原本的發展模式，向新自由主義靠近。 / Many researchers have often suggested that the best way to improve broadcast industry growth is always through deregulation and opening up to competition. However, research which has empirically documented the link between state intervention in market and performance of broadcast industry is scant. Therefore, the aim of this research attempts to explore how state intervention and program productivity are related. Historical institutionalism has been used to explain the different transformation paths that Taiwan and Korean, the typical examples of the developmental states, have taken after financial crisis in 1997. Results of this study showed competitive market structure shaped by weak state intervention had contributed to productivity decline in Taiwan. And, strong state intervention in Korea did lead to stable program productivity and better industry performance. To conclude, the Korean developmental state is successfully transformed, on the other hand, Taiwan has transformed developmental state into neoliberal state.

競爭者訴訟需具有競爭關係之存在與公行政介入此兩大要素，競爭者並據此提起行政救濟以維護自身利益。關於競爭關係之概念與競爭狀態應有所區別。競爭狀態是一種現象，是一動態過程，而競爭關係則是在個別法秩序規範下存有兩個或兩個以上之自然人或法人，其中一人對於所欲追求的目標或利益，會對另一方不利，彼此之間存在著此消彼長關係，而此種此消彼長關係是必然的。 其次，關於競爭者訴訟之類型，防禦型的競爭者訴訟可涵蓋競爭者防禦訴訟、國庫防禦訴訟、利益防禦訴訟。因為行政訴訟本來就是在保障實體與程序權利，仍然不排除未來在個別法規中設計出不同實體或程序權利，或因有不同競爭關係型態、不同結構，而發展出新的競爭者訴訟類型。 而在競爭者訴訟中，競爭者是否具備訴訟權能，而可以提起行政訴訟以維護自身權利，是最富爭議性之問題。是否具備訴訟權能需視所提之訴訟種類而定，撤銷訴訟與確認行政處分無效訴訟可援用相對人理論以取得訴訟權能。若非行政處分之相對人，且為利害關係相反之第三人，則是以保護規範理論予以判斷。在提起課予義務訴訟之案件，亦是以保護規範理論予以判斷。至於一般給付訴訟一般來說應和課予義務訴訟同樣是以保護規範理論予以判斷。惟基於基本權之防禦功能，若具有公法上結果除去請求權，則提起一般給付訴訟亦符合訴訟權能之要件。 此外，在涉及到多邊利益衝突之情況，傳統之保護規範理論的分析與探討，無法明確說明問何須保護第三人與說明私人利益衝突之間之關係，而衝突調和公式之建立則是有助於此些問題的解決。

台灣目前已邁入高齡化社會，因高齡人口持續攀升，面對中高齡者認知能力衰退，我們提議利用遊戲的方式進行注意力訓練。相較於一般以娛樂為主要目的的遊戲，悅趣化學習遊戲(Serious Game)是在遊戲設計除時以娛樂為目的外，另附加學習目標，這種遊戲設計方式常廣泛運用於教育、軍事、健康、都市規劃、宗教、工程與政治等領域上，以達成某種訓練或觀察目的。我們以心理學理論為基礎，透過悅趣化學習遊戲在平板電腦上設計了一個系統，邀請年長者分為兩組來擔任此一系統的受試者，並觀察使用我們所設計的遊戲系統前後其注意力變化的狀況。我們在此系統上進行了視覺搜尋(Visual Search)和注意力網絡作業(Attention Network Task, ANT)的前後測驗，並加入了自適應性(Adaptive)及導入干擾(Interference)以觀察受試者排除干擾的狀態。我們觀察此系統是否能影響測試者的認知能力與其影響的程度，並比較受試者之注意力在實驗前後變化是否因遊戲系統而改變。而經過實驗後共有21位高齡受試者完成所有實驗流程，實驗組的受試者經過分析後發現他們在視覺搜尋的在正確率以及在注意力網絡作業中的正確率、警覺性分數和導向性分數皆有顯著的改變，而在實驗後透過問卷調查另可發現高齡受試者對於遊戲學習亦是給予正面的回饋且有意願繼續使用。因此我們認為我們所設計的悅趣化學習遊戲系統能提升高齡受試者的使用意願並進而有效提升其注意力。 / Since the last decade, Taiwan has entered the aging society. However, the proportion of the elderly population has continued to increase in recent years. Our primary purpose is to use serious game as a means of training the attention of the elderly and delay the decline of cognition. Serious game has a primary purpose other than pure entertainment and has been used in the past for various applications such as national defense, education, scientific exploration, healthcare, emergency management, city planning, engineering, religion, and politics. Our goal in this work is to design a customizable serious game based on cognition psychology on the Android tablet PC platform for the elderly. We invited 21 elderly subjects to play the game and perform tests done before and after the playing. In the pre- and pro-tests, we adopted a Visual Search task and the Attention Network Task (ANT) tests to study how the proposed serious game can affect the cognition abilities, especially attention, of a subject. The experimental results reveal that the accuracy of visual search, accuracy of attention network test, scores of alerting and orienting of the participants in the experiment group have significantly improved after the trainings on the serious game system. We also have received positive feedback on the gameplay from the participants, which shows that the proposed system is well accepted and can serve as an effective means for cognition training.

本研究旨在使用後設分析方法探討我國校長課程領導與教師教學效能之關聯性。藉由2002年至2012年間研究此兩變項相關之15篇博碩士論文的研究數據進行後設分析，討論兩變項整體相關性以及細部跨變項的相關性。並投入性別、服務年資、學歷、是否兼任行政職務、學校層級及研究地區等特徵，探討其在校長課程領導與教師教學效能關係中是否具有調節作用。本研究主要發現：（一）整體校長課程領導與整體教師教學效能之間具有正向的相關性。（二）整體校長課程領導與教師教學效能細部構面間皆有正向相關性。（三）整體教師教學效能與校長課程領導細部構面間皆有正向的相關性。（四）校長課程領導與教師教學效能各細部構面間具有正向的相關性。（五）新進教師比與研究所學歷比在校長課程領導與教師教學效能間具有調節作用。（六）性別比、兼任行政職務比、學校層級及研究地區在校長課程領導與教師教學效能間不具有調節作用。 最後，依據研究結論針對實務及後續研究提出參考。 / The main purpose of this study is to conduct a meta-analysis on the relationship between principal curriculum leadership and teacher teaching effectiveness. The research data were collected from 15 independent doctoral or master theses on the relationship between these two variables, all of which were published during 2002-2012. The study discusses the relationship between two variables and each variable between the sub-variables. The study also discusses whether variables moderate the relationship, including gender, working years, education background, administration affairs, school levels and the research location. 　　The main findings of this study are: (1)There is a positive relationship between principal curriculum leadership and teacher teaching effectiveness. (2)There are positive relationships between principal curriculum leadership and the sub-variables of the teacher teaching effectiveness. (3)There are positive relationships between the sub-variables of the principal curriculum leadership and the teacher teaching effectiveness. (4)There are positive relationships between the sub-variables of the principal curriculum leadership and the sub-variables of the teacher teaching effectiveness. (5)The percentage of newly-employed teachers and the percentage of teachers with masters or higher degree are found the significant moderators between principal curriculum leadership and teacher teaching effectiveness. (6) The gender-ratio, teacher-as-administrator ratio, the school levels and the location are found not the significant moderators between principal curriculum leadership and teacher teaching effectiveness. The researcher provides suggestions for future research and practice according to the findings.

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企業所需要的優秀人才，必須具備「能力條件」與「人格特質」兩個面向條件，這是所有現代化企業都同意的觀點，然而，這兩個大面向均為籠統的概念，能否展開到更具體的、甚至有客觀衡量標準的要項，而且在不同階段都可能成為影響工作表現的關鍵因子。各企業間就有相當大的差異，甚至連企管學界的說法也都莫衷一是。因此，如何歸納出最重要的幾個判斷項目？要如何判讀？成為所有組織任用人的關鍵。 本文嘗試以個案研討的方式，說明個案公司如何基於其企業的特質與經營模式，如何透過擷取認知神經科學的學理，彙整出一套系統化的「讀人識人模式」，並輔以問卷調查的深度訪談，針對使用該模式的高階主管，印證該模式的實用性、不足與侷限處，嘗試了解系統化的建構一套判讀人的能力潛質與人格特質之可行性。

以技術為基礎的研發型中小企業，必須跨越資金技術無以為繼的「死亡之谷」，橫渡物競天擇適者生存的「達爾文海」方能夠將技術商品化，經過市場的考驗，成為真實的企業。而研發型生技公司更是面對嚴苛的挑戰。 個案公司在種子期主要提供學研單位「分子生物學實驗技術服務」，由於技術的專精與服務業思維及行銷活動的導入，在初期獲致成功。其主要的策略為：培養技術能力，建立商業模式，獲得穩定收益。 由於新設備的導入，造成市場成為軍備競賽並且削價競爭，進入創建期，個案公司無足夠資源應戰，透過核心能力的延伸與再利用，成功轉型成為「專案合約研究」的提供者，並且開始透過產學合作、技術轉移與產品研發，建立研發能量，跨入水產檢測產業，找到下一個成長動能。 進入擴充期，個案公司盤點其核心能耐，重新定位為橋接學研界與產業界將技術商品化的「中介者」，並調整發展方向「聚焦於農業生技領域」，積極投入分子檢測產品以及動物用生物新藥之開發。同時，透過「實驗室品質系統」、「研發管理架構」以及「技術策略地圖」的導入，不斷培養組織之核心能耐，並靈活運用產學合作、技術轉移進行開放式創新。 個案公司所採取的是「以能耐為基礎的成長策略」，透過以能耐延伸與能耐建構活動為主軸，將兩活動平衡運用，有效進行資源的佈局，求取穩定成長。因此個案公司始終能夠堅持其發展方向，以其能耐為發展的基礎。而個案公司的成長歷程中靈活的運用「開放式創新」，並成功的成為「開放式經營」的企業。目前已「融入創新流程之經營模式」並朝向第六型「適應性平台之經營模式」之開放式經營企業邁進。 為了能夠能夠幫助企業跨越死亡之谷、橫渡達爾文海，本研究提出「荒野冒險求生密技」。此密技包含了冒險者的「內在能耐」以及隨身的「必須工具」包括：冒險求生的信念與意志、體能技巧與吳段成長累積的能耐、火種與運用資源解決問題的能力、地圖與指北針、食物與飲水以及手電筒與望遠鏡。若能活用此密技將能大幅提高以技術為基礎的研發型中小企業成功的機會。

在資產管理公司的全球化浪潮下，國內資產管理的規模大幅成長，其商品種類也不斷地推陳出新，而投資人再選取商品上，經由過去的文獻發現投資人自身在判斷一檔基金投資與否通常會看其過去的績效，在近期有較高績效的共同基金較會受到投資人青睞。故在投資人有這種追求過去歷史績效的現象時，如何選擇有績效持續性的共同基金就變成一個重要的議題。 而一直以來，基金績效持續性的探討所找到的結果各家看法不一，部分文獻顯示出基金績效的持續性非來自於基金經理人的強調選股特徵，而亦有學者認為基金經理人可能會有能力上或是訊息上的優勢。經由歸納，常發現已發展國家的股票型基金持續性是不顯著的，而新興國家可能由於經理人的資訊程度較大眾的消息取得容易且迅速。 本文經由探討台灣股票型基金發現擁有較好強調選股特徵(1-R2)的基金其在未來績效較有持續性，若再搭配當期α來考量，則短期，投資強調選股特徵弱但α大的群組或是投資強調選股特徵強但α小的群組，績效表現較好；然而，若放眼長期，擇投資強調選股特徵強的基金，績效表現會較為出色，尤其是α落在較大群族的基金。整體而言，淨資產對於持續性的影響是顯著負向的，可能原因為規模不經濟導致；週轉率越高代表其績效持續性較強。另外新資金湧入導致基金績效持續性較不佳，原因可能為其淨資金流入會造成基金操作管理上效率的問題。 / Under the globalization tide of the asset management company, the asset managed in Taiwan has been grown dramatically, and much more various products have been launched. Empirical evidence found that investors tend to take past performance into consideration before they invest in funds. As a consequence, funds with recent outstanding performance are more popular than others. So performance persistence becomes an important issue. Empirical researches did not reach consensus on whether funds have performance persistence, some paper shows that performance persistence does not stem from stock picking ability, however, some evidence show that fund managers might have some information or ability advantages. And performance persistence is more likely happened in emerging countries than developed countries due to fund managers have more efficient and latest information than general investors. This paper finds that Taiwanese stock fund which emphasize more on stock picking ability (higher 1-R2) tend to persist. If analyzed with current α, funds with less emphasis on stock picking and bigger current α in the short run, or funds with more emphasis and weaker α will have better performance in the future. In the long run, more emphasis on stock picking, better performance in the future，especially those with strongerα. Greater asset under management and net sales rate might cause worse performance persistence due to inefficiency in management. And higher turnover help performance persistence.

在交談中在人們的交談中，順暢不間斷的話語是很少存在的。說話者對話語的修復 (repair)才是口語會話中普遍存在的現象。而修復的使用會因為可執行的語用功能有所不同，同時也可能受到學習者的語言程度而有所影響。過去國內外已有許多關於自我修復的研究，但是針對以華語為第二外語學習者的自我修復現象，則尚未見到較為深入的研究。本研究主要為了瞭解華語學習者使用的修復方式 (repair) 以及語用功能 (Pragmatic Function) 和他們的華語程度之間的關係。 為達研究目的，本研究採用實地錄製而來的語料分析。 一共使用九份語料， 受試者來自不同的國家學習華語者，年齡層約介於19-30歲之間。依他們的華語程度分成中級、中高級、高級三個等級。 在每個等級中，皆採用三份會話語料，而這三份會話語料之受試者性別分別是男女、女女、男男，總共採用18名受試者的語料，他們彼此的關係都是好朋友或為同班同學。每筆語料約擷取三十分鐘的長度，對話的形式則是面對面的、未經事先計畫的真實、自然的互動。 語料蒐集後，依照不同的修復方式分為：重複、補全、詳述、替代、重啟、重組六種；說話者的語用功能為：保留話輪、補充說明、更正、確認。所有語料經過分類統計過後，結果發現：1.程度較高的學習者修復次數比程度低的多；2.說話者做的詞彙方面的修復頻率高於句法方面的修復；3.說話者使用的修復方式受到語用功能與句法的影響，其偏好順序為：重複、詳述、替代、補全、重啟、重組；4.說話者為保留話輪使用重複多於補全與重啟；為補充說明說話者使用詳述多於替代與重組；為確認使用重複多於替代與補全；5.說話者的程度不影響為保留話輪與確認所做的修復方式，只有在補充說明此功能中的替代這種方式有顯著差異。 / Many linguists have found that perfect utterances do not actually exist all the time during a conversation. In fact, an unclear message is usually sent and need to be Repaired. This study aims to investigate self-Repairs made by Chinese learners, in particular with respect to inter-relationships among repair types, the pragmatic functions of repairs, and the speaker’s language proficiency. Data analyzed in this study are collected from nine dyadic, face-to-face daily conversations, each lasting at least 30 minutes. There are 18 participants from different countries aged between 19 and 30. They are divided into three different groups according to their language level. In order to see whether the different interactions between Repair types, pragmatic functions and speaker’s proficiency is significant or not, this study will use ANOVA to analyze those data. The findings are as follows: For the pragmatic function of Floor-holding, speakers use Repeat more than Complete and Restart. For the pragmatic function of Clarification, Elaboration is the type most frequently used, and then follows the types Replace and Reorder. For the pragmatic function of Confirmation, Repeat is also the most favored type. With the speaker’s language level taken into consideration, this study finds that interlocutors’ proficiency does not influence the choice of Repair types to serve the pragmatic function of Floor-holding and Confirmation. The only significant difference found in the pragmatic function of clarification is found in intermediate level and high level.