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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

台灣總代理制度下境外基金市場進入障礙分析及後進入市場者的突破障礙策略 / The Taiwan market entry strategies for the offshore fund companies

陳遠成 Unknown Date (has links)
台灣的基金市場在1983年開始發展,隨著經濟起飛,國人財富累積,理財的需求大增,境外基金公司也陸續來台灣發展業務搶食財富管理的大餅。但目前台灣市場已經有73家基金公司,現在才要進軍台灣的後進市場業者應該採取何種策略才能在已經相當擁擠的市場中後發先至,產出令人滿意的銷售成果。 本研究認為後進入市場者進入台灣基金市場要處理兩個關鍵議題,第一是總代理人合作模式的選擇; 第二則是要如何有效突破由於市場結構、先進入市場業者及主管機關所構築的進入障礙。 本研究使用文獻探討、法規研究及實地訪談等方式,來探討相關問題的解答。個案分析部分則是以潛在的後進市場者BBVA為例,探討該公司的進入台灣市場的利基, 並參考在總代理人制度上路後才進入台灣市場的鋒裕基金、木星基金及荷寶基金的經驗作整理歸納。 研究結果發現,對於後進市場者來說,比較好的總代理人的合作模式的選擇是與獨立背景的總代理人合作,並且搭配反制措施,等到建立市場知名度後,再自行設立投信或投顧自行運作總代理業務; 在突破市場障礙部分,則分別在產品、目標市場、銷售通路等方面差異化策略會得到比較的成果。
2

廣告、進入障礙與獨占性競爭:總體經濟的分析 / Advertising, entry barriers, and monopolistic competition: A Macroeconomic analysis

葉沂萱 Unknown Date (has links)
This thesis develops a macroeconomic model with monopolistic competition and considers the search cost for consumption in order to analyze how advertising influences the major macroeconomic variables and causes the entry barriers. In the short run, we find that advertising will raise aggregate output. The higher the sensitivity of advertising elasticity of search cost, the greater the rising of aggregate output. Further, whether the price level rise or fall is dependent on the magnitude of the advertising elasticity of search cost. The higher sensitivity of this elasticity on advertising, the higher the price level. Moreover, advertising does not influence the market power in the short run. In the long run, we find that whether advertising causes the barriers to entry is determined by the sensitivity of the advertising elasticity of search cost. When this elasticity is small, advertising will create the entry barriers and further strengthen the monopoly power for firms. Furthermore, how advertising affects the price level and aggregate output depends not only on the advertising elasticity of search cost, but also the sensitivity of the elasticity of substitution on the number of firms.
3

進入障礙、公司特質與進入策略、競爭策略之關係研究-以台灣地區先進汽車電子零組件廠商為例 / On Entry Barriers、Corporate Characteristics and Entry Strategy、Competitive Strategy

廖文森, Laio, Wen-Sun Unknown Date (has links)
我國素以電子工業聞名世界,近年來卻從日本大量入超先進汽車電子零組件,從事此方面產品產銷之我國廠商也寥寥無幾?本研究以此為出發點,進行該產業進入障礙、公司特質與進入策略、競爭策略之間關係之研究。   本研究訪問七家公司、八項先進汽車電子零組件之案例,經過分析、比較之後,有下列重要發現:   一、我國汽車工業發展先進汽車電子零組件時,遭遇到之進入障礙以規模經濟無法發揮、汽車中心廠轉換成本高、先進入之國外汽車母廠之干預嚴重、技術困難度高為較主要之進入障礙。   二、我國汽車零組件廠商具有良好之製造能力與經營網路關係,但普遍缺乏產品開發能力。大多之廠家為中小企業,因此財務資金、人力資源能源也都不佳。   三、進入障礙會影響進入策略及競爭策略,可能的方式有下列三種:   (一)與整車性能或結構相關程度較高之先進汽車電子零組件,其規模經濟無法發揮、轉換成本過高、先進者干預等情況都較嚴重,且為所有進入障礙中最嚴重的三種障礙。因此當該先進汽車電子零組件與整車性能或結構關係愈緊密時,新進入之廠商會採取愈高資源掌握之方式進入市場,以掌握較多資源,並界種合作對象化解障礙。   (二)若先進汽車電子零組件與整車性能或結構關係愈緊密,則發展該產品之企業偏向採用規避競爭之競爭策略,例如市場追隨者,以避免與先進廠商做正面之品質/價格的競爭。   (三)技術困難度愈高的產品,必需要有強大的研發開發能力做後盾方能有效提昇品質與功能,以取得有利市場地位。而我國之汽車零組件廠商,目前為止,大部份的廠商均不具完整之產品開發能力,因此偏向採取追隨者策略。   四、公司能力或特質會影響進入策略及競爭策略,可能的方式有下列:   (一)產品開發能力好的公司較可以採行自行開發策略,而競爭策略方面則較可能選擇挑戰策略。   (二)經營網路在進入策略上扮演重要之角色,經營網路好的公司可以找到較佳的合作伙伴與合作模式,經營網路差的公司則不一定能尋找到合適的合作伙伴及合作方式。
4

我國生物相似性藥品研發廠商海外市場進入策略之決策探討 / The research of the foreign market entry strategy for biosimilar manufacturers in Taiwan

歐俐岑, Ou, Li Tseng Unknown Date (has links)
隨著人口增長以及人口老化速度加劇,全球藥品消費需求快速成長。生物藥品因其具有針對特定疾病之專一性,在治療病毒性肝炎、癌症及後天免疫缺乏症候群(Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome,AIDS)等重大疾病上擁有相當大的發展潛力。除了積極研發全新生物藥品之外,我國生技製藥廠商亦將注意力放到生物相似性藥品的研發上。 但因我國藥品內需市場規模較小,一旦成功研發出生物相似性藥品,若無法將其外銷至海外市場,恐不能弭平鉅額的前期投入。而進入國際市場之際,倘若未制定適宜的進入策略,卻又極可能會以失敗收場。 基於生物相似性藥品本身之特性與法律上之定義,其研發藥廠在進入市場的順序上係處於後進者之地位。但為了成為早期追隨者而搶占部分先驅者優勢,廠商必須選擇恰當的進入模式及進入時機並適時的調整之。而進入障礙對於進入策略之擬定有相當大的影響,尤其以生物相似性藥品市場而言,影響最為深刻的是制度性的進入障礙。 本研究以全球前二大藥品市場─美國、中國大陸為標的,探討我國生物相似性藥品研發廠商進入海外生物相似性藥品市場時,所需跨越的制度性進入障礙可能為何?其他跨國性藥廠在面臨上述制度性進入障礙時,係採取何種因應方法,以及如何調整其進入策略?並從中總結出,對於我國生物相似性藥品研發廠商而言,較為可行的市場進入策略。 經研究分析後,本研究認為,生物相似性藥品市場的制度性進入障礙係來自於東道國的保護主義、專利相關法規與解決專利爭議之機制有所缺漏或偏頗,以及藥品上市審查及藥價管理相關法律規範過於嚴苛或過於鬆散。 而跨國性藥廠因有較充裕的資金及專利訴訟經驗,因此在面對因專利所形成之制度性進入障礙時,可以訴訟或法定行政程序等合法方式克服該專利障礙。對於藥品上市審查法規之要求,則可透過加大投資以求符合法規標準。至於東道國的保護主義,則多藉由與當地企業進行合作、成立合資企業等方式,突破該進入障礙。 因我國生物相似性藥品研發廠商之規模較小,較難獨自克服各生物相似性藥品市場的制度性進入障礙,所以在進入策略上,本研究建議,可積極尋求與原廠或國際生物相似性藥品研發廠商合作,致力於發展全新生物藥品。或是透過兩岸合作研發,於奠定一定基礎後,進一步開拓生物相似性藥品的海外市場。
5

中國大陸汽車產業市場結構、廠商行為與績效之分析 / The Market Structure, Firm Conduct and Performance in China’s Automobile Industry

夏樂生, Hsia,Lo-Sheng Unknown Date (has links)
本論文主要是透過產業經濟學中的產業組織研究,運用J. S. Bain及F. M. Scherer 為首的市場結構-行為-績效(S-C-P)的分析方式,來探討中國大陸汽車產業市場結構、廠商行為與績效之間的關係。 運用產業組織S-C-P的分析方式來研究產業的發展及績效的關係已經相當普遍,從早期的E. Mason、J. Bain到W. Shepherd、F. M. Scherer以還,此領域的研究成果相當豐富,然而多集中在實施市場經濟的西方國家,對經濟轉型的國家如東歐、中國及蘇聯等則較為少見。 本論文研究的主要目的,即在探討大陸地區汽車產業之市場結構、產業特性、產業內廠商之營運行為及彼此間的競爭型態;並進一步運用現有的資料,以實證方法對汽車產業市場結構、廠商行為及利潤之來源加以檢定,再由實證中所發掘出的資訊,評估研判大陸汽車產業發展的走向及相關問題。由於中國大陸是一個在二十世紀八十年代開始才自計畫經濟體制逐漸轉型為市場經濟體制的國家,本身仍具有計畫經濟的一些特質,產業政策的制訂及強制實施,對大陸汽車產業結構及行為均具有一定的影響力,因此本文亦透過大陸官方頒布的汽車產業政策來探討其對汽車產業的影響。 經由本文對中國大陸汽車產業的分析顯示,產業組織中市場結構(S)、行為(C)與績效(P),彼此間是處於相互影響之動態關係。而實證研究亦顯示,市場結構及行為對廠商績效的產生有密切的關聯。 在市場結構方面,大陸汽車產業的市場結構有逐漸大型化、集團化的趨勢,大型企業的市場占有率也逐年提升,市場集中度(CR4、CR8)相對提高;唯有轎車生產廠商在進入業者增多及競爭激烈之下,市場集中度有下降的現象,未來大陸汽車產業整體的市場結構有進一步緊縮並向寡頭壟斷發展的趨勢。在廠商行為方面,廠商的併購重組及價格競爭行為有助於市場結構的改善,投資研發及行銷策略等廠商行為則與市場結構及績效有相互影響。另外大陸汽車產業政策對市場結構、行為、績效則有大小不一的影響,部分產業政策目標得以實現,部分政策目標則無法完成。 在汽車產業集中度與績效之直觀性分析方面,根據1995至2003年的相關數據顯示,不論是整車生產廠商、企業集團或轎車生產廠商,其市場集中度愈高,其績效表現相對較佳(工業增加值率愈高)。 另外從實證分析的結果來看,與市場結構相關的5個變數,其中市場集中度(H)、市場占有率(MS)與績效為正相關;而市占率平方(MS²)及勞動密度(Labor)為負相關,大致上與我們的假設相符。另外資本密度(Capital)的實證結果則與假設有所不同,其中34家車廠樣本的檢定為正,而15家集團的結果為負,顯示大陸汽車產業目前並不具資本優勢,尤其是部分汽車集團的資產對績效的產生並不具正面效益。在行為變數方面,投資行為(Investment)對績效的影響為正相關,與我們的假設相同,顯示持續的投資對汽車廠商績效的產生具有重大正面的影響。時間趨勢(Time)變數也有所不同,實證顯示34家車廠的績效隨時間趨勢有逐漸下降的情形,而汽車集團的績效則隨時間趨勢呈上升現象。 正如產業組織理論所述,廠商的績效可以有多個評定考核的標準,一般均以利潤最大化或搶占最大的市占率為目標,但以大陸目前汽車產業狀況而言,本土汽車企業或大陸官方控股的汽車集團能否開發出知名的自有汽車品牌應當是重要的績效之一。根據本文的研究也發現,中國大陸目前汽車集團或大型汽車企業的短期目標是做大規模,利用規模經濟及擴大市占率來鞏固利基。但卻忽略其基本目標或長期目標應是做強企業,所謂做強企業應是運用研發成果或提升經營效率使成本降低,以提高企業的利潤率或附加價值,才算是一個成功的企業。做大企業固然不易,做強企業更是困難,但唯有持續不斷地突破、創新、研發,才能在競爭激烈的中國汽車大戰中脫穎而出,立於不敗之地。 / This thesis aims to explore the relationship between market structure, firm conduct and performance of the automobile industry in mainland China by applying the structure-conduct-performance (S-C-P) model of industrial organization. There are many outstanding studies using S-C-P approach to examine the dynamics between industrial development and performance, such as E. Mason, J. Bain, W. Sherpherd, F.M. Schere, etc. However, most of them focus on the market economies in western countries. Few of them discuss the situations in Eastern Europe, China and former Soviet Union countries that undergo economic transitions. The thesis intends to explore the characteristics of the market structure, firm conduct and economic performance in China’s automobile industry, to examine the dynamics of S-C-P in automobile industry by regression analysis, and to evaluate the development and problems of the automobile industry in mainland China. Although China has been undergoing economic transitions from a planned economy to a market economy since 1980s, not all the characteristics of the planned economy are replaced. The regulatory policy making and implementation have significant impacts on its automobile market structure and firm conduct in this industry. In this regard, the thesis intends to discuss how China’s policy influences its automobile industry. Paramount findings of this research suggest that, in China’s automobile industry, market structure, firm conduct and performance interact with one another. Regression analyses indicate that market structure, firm conduct and performance are strong associated. The market structure of the automobile industry in China characterizes large firms and groups, the growing market share rate of large-scale enterprises on a yearly basis and the rise of market concentration degree (CR4, CR8). However, the value of market concentration degree of sedan manufacturers decreases due to the increase of competitors in this market. As a result, the market structure of China’s automobile industry will evolve to oligopoly in the future. Firm conducts such as merger, reorganization and price competition help to improve the market structure. Other firm behaviors like investment, R&D, and marketing strategies influence the market structure and performance and vice versa. Moreover, China’s automobile industrial policies have various impacts on market structure, firm conduct and performance. In practice, some goals of the automobile policies are attainable, however, others are unattainable in practice. Based on the data between 1995 and 2003, a statistical analysis of concentration degree and performance in automobile industry suggest a positive relationship that higher market concentration degree results in better performance (higher industrial added-value rate), regardless whole-car manufacturers, group enterprises or sedan manufacturers. The multiple regression analyses of five variables related to market structure represents that the values of concentration degree (H) and market share (MS) alike have positive effects on the value performance whereas the values of market share rate squared (MS²) and labor density(Labor) alike have negative effects on the value of performance. These results support our hypotheses in this study. Nevertheless, the result of a relationship test for capital density(Capital) and performance is different from our hypothesis. The value of capital density of 34 car firms and the value of performance have a positive relationship, which echoes our assumption. Yet the hypothesis test for capital density of 15 groups leads to the opposite. It suggests that: capital advantage does not emerge in China’s automobile industry so far. In particular, assets of some automobile groups do not have beneficial effects on business performance. Firm conduct includes one variables: investment. Regression analysis indicates a positive relationship between investment and performance. The result is consistent with our hypothesis and concludes: constant investment contributes to automobile firm performance. Relationship testing for time and performance shows that: when the value of time increases, the value of 34 automobile firms’ performance decreases whereas the value of 15 groups’ performance increases, accordingly. The theory of Industrial organization provides multiple criteria to assess firm performance which usually aims to maximize profit or market share. In the case of current automobile industry in China, whether or not local automobile firms or state-owned enterprises achieve a successful brand building of China-made vehicles should be an important indicator of performance. This research also discovers that on one hand the automobile groups and large-scale enterprises in China embrace short-term goals to maximize firm scale and market shares so as to maximize revenues by exploiting the advantages of economy of scale, however, on the other hand, they ignore fundamental, long-term goals to be sustainable, successful and competitive corporations that invest R&D to increase business efficiency, reduce costs, and boost marginal revenue and added-value rate. Being a big firm is never easy yet being a competitive enterprise is even more difficult. Only with constant improvement in management, investment in R&D, the invention of production can an enterprise survive and succeed in the competition in China’s automobile market.
6

聚醯亞胺薄膜在軟性電路板市場上之行銷策略研究 / Marketing strategy of polyimide film for flexible printed circuit board applications

張春來, Chang, Michael Unknown Date (has links)
聚醯亞胺薄膜用於軟性電路板市場從2006年起,由於競爭者眾多,整個產業環境變得十分嚴苛,事業屬性從獨佔性變成競爭十分激烈的寡佔性市場。此篇論文通過產業的總體環境分析及產業分析來對軟板市場進行區隔,並針對不同目標市場擬定行銷策略,將產品重新定位來滿足不同目標市場的需求,以期達到杜邦公司聚醯亞胺薄膜產品在軟性電路板市場的永續成長。 從含有產品價格因素在內的問卷調查中找到產業鏈中最有議價能力廠商的最重要需求及預估用量,進而做為公司開發下一世代聚醯亞胺薄膜產品的依據。 / Start from 2006, Polyimide films industry has become very competitive in flexible printed circuits applications. The polyimide film industry has transformed from monopoly to oligopoly, major players in flexible printed circuits market are DuPont, Kaneka, SKC-Kolon and Taimide companies. After analyzing the political, economics, social, technical and industrial trends, The FPC industry has been re-segmented into two segments – Basic market and Niche market. With different strategies been developed for different markets, we re-position our different type of Kapton® polyimide films for different markets and developed an executable marketing plan which will be test in selected customers. Through price included questionarries, we also found the key industrial decision makers’ unmet needs, price expectation and potential volume. Base on the findings, we are able to develop the next generation polyimide films to satisfy customers.

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