Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-25T20:20:14Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Anamaria Aguiar e Salles.pdf: 1150702 bytes, checksum: dd9cf50d89097102632f11a215d3f940 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-06-07 / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico / The abolitionist thought redeminishes the criticism of the penal practices from the problematization of the existence of the reality of crime s ontology and of the universality of laws and punishments. In spite of the diversity of the lines of thoughts it interests itself in repairing the victims and to understand the offensors involved in problematic situations. It highlights that each conflictual situation that comes across in a person s life happens in a singular manner and that, thereafter, a problematic event will never be the same as another. Louk Hulsman, from his libertarian perspective proposes the direct conciliation between individuals involved in problematic situations. He understands penal abolitionism as a practice held in the present by refusing the language of the criminal justice system, and the resolution of problematic situations beyond its reach. The wish to affirm the abolitionism, took him travelling around the planet, establishing connections and promoting new ways of thinking from the events he experienced. The dissertation Louk Hulsman and penal abolitionism , intends to show the construction of Louk Hulsman s abolitionism thought and its repercussions, by including Brazil and Argentina, by means of the analysis of the papers produced by the abolitionist and interviews with intellectuals who were close to him. It is interested in tracing the battle waged by the abolitionist thinkers against a system of justice that is selective and reproduces violence, and to show captures and attempts of immobilization of the abolitionist thought in the actuality by incorporating its suggestions on alternative programs of justice / O pensamento abolicionista redimensionou a crítica às práticas penais a partir da problematização da existência da realidade ontológica do crime e do universalismo das leis e dos castigos. Apesar da diversidade nas linhas de pensamento, interessa-se em reparar as vítimas e compreender os infratores envolvidos em situações-problema. Destaca que cada situação conflituosa que atravessa a vida de uma pessoa acontece de maneira singular, e que, portanto, um evento problemático nunca será igual ao outro. Louk Hulsman, a partir de sua perspectiva libertária, propõe a conciliação direta entre os indivíduos envolvidos em situações-problema. Entende o abolicionismo penal enquanto prática que se exerce no presente, pela recusa da linguagem do sistema de justiça criminal, e pela resolução de situações-problema fora de sua esfera. A vontade de afirmar o abolicionismo o levou a viajar pelo planeta, estabelecendo conexões e provocando novos pensamentos a partir dos acontecimentos que vivenciava. Esta dissertação, Louk Hulsman e o abolicionismo penal , pretende mostrar a construção do pensamento abolicionista de Louk Hulsman e suas repercussões, incluindo o Brasil e a Argentina, por meio da análise dos escritos produzidos pelo abolicionista e por entrevistas com intelectuais que lhes foram próximos. Interessa-se em traçar a batalha travada pelos pensadores abolicionistas contra um sistema de justiça seletivo e reprodutor de violências, e em mostrar as capturas e tentativas de imobilização do pensamento abolicionista na atualidade ao incorporar suas sugestões a programas alternativos de justiça

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-26T14:53:03Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Anamaria Aguiar e Salles.pdf: 1150702 bytes, checksum: dd9cf50d89097102632f11a215d3f940 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-06-07 / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico / The abolitionist thought redeminishes the criticism of the penal practices from the problematization of the existence of the reality of crime s ontology and of the universality of laws and punishments. In spite of the diversity of the lines of thoughts it interests itself in repairing the victims and to understand the offensors involved in problematic situations. It highlights that each conflictual situation that comes across in a person s life happens in a singular manner and that, thereafter, a problematic event will never be the same as another. Louk Hulsman, from his libertarian perspective proposes the direct conciliation between individuals involved in problematic situations. He understands penal abolitionism as a practice held in the present by refusing the language of the criminal justice system, and the resolution of problematic situations beyond its reach. The wish to affirm the abolitionism, took him travelling around the planet, establishing connections and promoting new ways of thinking from the events he experienced. The dissertation Louk Hulsman and penal abolitionism , intends to show the construction of Louk Hulsman s abolitionism thought and its repercussions, by including Brazil and Argentina, by means of the analysis of the papers produced by the abolitionist and interviews with intellectuals who were close to him. It is interested in tracing the battle waged by the abolitionist thinkers against a system of justice that is selective and reproduces violence, and to show captures and attempts of immobilization of the abolitionist thought in the actuality by incorporating its suggestions on alternative programs of justice / O pensamento abolicionista redimensionou a crítica às práticas penais a partir da problematização da existência da realidade ontológica do crime e do universalismo das leis e dos castigos. Apesar da diversidade nas linhas de pensamento, interessa-se em reparar as vítimas e compreender os infratores envolvidos em situações-problema. Destaca que cada situação conflituosa que atravessa a vida de uma pessoa acontece de maneira singular, e que, portanto, um evento problemático nunca será igual ao outro. Louk Hulsman, a partir de sua perspectiva libertária, propõe a conciliação direta entre os indivíduos envolvidos em situações-problema. Entende o abolicionismo penal enquanto prática que se exerce no presente, pela recusa da linguagem do sistema de justiça criminal, e pela resolução de situações-problema fora de sua esfera. A vontade de afirmar o abolicionismo o levou a viajar pelo planeta, estabelecendo conexões e provocando novos pensamentos a partir dos acontecimentos que vivenciava. Esta dissertação, Louk Hulsman e o abolicionismo penal , pretende mostrar a construção do pensamento abolicionista de Louk Hulsman e suas repercussões, incluindo o Brasil e a Argentina, por meio da análise dos escritos produzidos pelo abolicionista e por entrevistas com intelectuais que lhes foram próximos. Interessa-se em traçar a batalha travada pelos pensadores abolicionistas contra um sistema de justiça seletivo e reprodutor de violências, e em mostrar as capturas e tentativas de imobilização do pensamento abolicionista na atualidade ao incorporar suas sugestões a programas alternativos de justiça

Este trabalho pretende produzir algumas reflexões sobre o triunfo da escola no mundo contemporâneo, bem como meditar sobre os limites políticos do sujeito escolar, atentando para suas múltiplas dimensões: moral, cognitiva e sociocultural. Para tanto, elegemos como tema geral da investigação as vicissitudes da rotina escolar, particularmente no que se refere ao adoecimento e à deserção dos professores da escola pública brasileira. A principal referência teórica é a obra de Michel Foucault, mais particularmente, suas análises sobre as instituições disciplinares, as práticas racionais de governo das populações e os jogos de poder/resistência no interior da sociabilidade moderna. Partindo do conceito foucaultiano de governamentalidade e da análise dos discursos médicos e pedagógicos sobre a saúde dos professores, desenvolvemos três operadores conceituais: a insuportabilidade da rotina escolar, a fadiga-limite dos professores como contraconduta moral e, por fim, o abolicionismo escolar, este tomado tanto como aporia política de nosso tempo quanto como abertura para um futuro indeterminado. Dessa forma, nosso estudo pretende demonstrar como os processos de governamentalização das condutas escolares são permeados por um elemento trágico, bem como por conflitos que, antes de explicitarem os mecanismos e os movimentos do poder sobre as formas e os modos de vida, figuram como ruína permanente do próprio paradigma de poder vigente nesse quadrante. Acima de tudo, debruçamo-nos sobre casos-limite do pensamento e da ação, bem como sobre a possibilidade de perspectivar politicamente alguns impasses da educação formal contemporânea, os quais nos levam a sugerir que o problema do adoecimento e da deserção dos professores não deve ser reduzido ao âmbito da patologização médica e da moralização social para que possa, porventura, ser ressignificado como uma potência trágica do desastre triunfal da escola; uma potência que carrega indelevelmente o fantasma do abolicionismo escolar como imperativo ético-político de um tempo por vir. / In this study we intend to produce some reflections on the triumph of school in the contemporary world, as well as ponder upon the political limits of the schooling individual, considering their multiple dimensions: moral, cognitive and socio-cultural. To this end, we have chosen as the overall theme of research the vicissitudes of school routine, especially with regard to illness and desertion of Brazilian public school teachers. The main theoretical reference is the work of Michel Foucault, particularly his analysis of disciplinary institutions, of rational practices of governance of populations and of power/resistance games within the modern forms of sociability. Taking both the Foucauldian conception of governmentality and the analysis of medical and educational discourse on teachers health as our starting point, we have developed three conceptual operators: the intolerability of the school routine, the fatigue limit of teachers as a moral counter-conduct and finally, school abolitionism, considering this last concept both as political stalemate of our times and as an overture to an indeterminate future. Thus, our study aims to demonstrate how the processes of governmentalization of schooling conducts are crossed, at the same time, by a tragic element and by conflicts that, instead of making explicit the mechanisms and moves of power on ways and modes of life, are regarded as the permanent ruin of the very paradigm of the ruling power in this domain. Above all, we have looked at limit-cases of thought and action, as well as at the possibility of envisaging some deadlocks of contemporary formal education in a political light, which lead us to suggest that the problem of illness among teachers should not be reduced to contexts of medical pathologization and social moralizing so that it may be reframed as a tragic potency regarding the triumphant failure of school, a potency that indelibly carries the ghost of school abolitionism as an ethical and political imperative of a time yet to come.

L’étude comparative de Incidents in the Life of a Slave Girl (Harriet Jacobs), Our Nig ; Sketches from the Life of a Free Black (Harriet Wilson) et The Bondwoman’s Narrative (Hannah Crafts) s’attache à ouvrir de nouvelles perspectives sur la singularité du sujet féminin noir dans les anfractuosités de l’écriture autobiographique du récit d’esclave. Si ces femmes auteurs se constituent en témoins privilégiés de la condition féminine noire de l’Amérique « antebellum », elles n’engagent pas moins leur plume dans l’activisme. L’enjeu de cette thèse est de revenir sur les liens entre écriture et féminin en prenant comme point de départ l’œuvre elle-même, fût-elle autobiographie ou fiction. La saisie de soi et du monde et la quête identitaire sont des thèmes fondamentaux de la tradition romanesque africaine américaine où des voix marquantes se succèdent. L’affranchissement du genre autobiographique s’affirme comme instance de survie où la mise en perspective de la fiction permet de révéler la vérité du sujet. Ainsi, la question du genre constitue la trame de ce panorama où sont examinés la nature du discours du sujet noir, l’écriture du corps féminin, et le théâtre « ima-gyn-aire » d’un sujet en crise. En véritable héritière de Dickens et Byron, Hannah Crafts s’attache à créer des correspondances entre les genres, tandis que Harriet Wilson adresse une lettre ouverte à Emerson et Harriet Jacobs subvertit le roman sentimental. Ces trois femmes situent, contre toute attente, l’esthétique du récit d’esclave au carrefour de la littérature autobiographique, sentimentale, gothique et picaresque. Nous verrons, à travers ce travail, que ce n’est pas tant l’anatomie qui distingue le sujet mais plutôt la façon qu’a le sujet de se ranger d’un côté ou de l’autre du genre ; le sujet féminin peut désormais évoluer dans un nouvel espace le libérant de l’emprise du masculin. Cette thèse est également l’occasion d’une réflexion sur la dialectique de l’historicité et la littérarité où l’engagement politique de l’auteur du récit d’esclave, qui est appelé à s’imposer comme littérature, invite à porter un nouveau regard sur la production littéraire féminine avant-gardiste, et ainsi donner un nouvel élan à la littérature africaine américaine. / The comparative study of Incidents in the Life of a Slave Girl (Harriet Jacobs), Our Nig ; Sketches from the Life of a Free Black (Harriet Wilson), and The Bondwoman’s Narrative (Hannah Crafts) aims at opening up new perspectives on the specificity of the female subject, through the slave narrative’s autobiographical writing. If these women writers stand as privileged witnesses of the female condition in Antebellum America, they do not remain passive nonetheless. The aim of this dissertation is to approach the links between « writing » and « feminine », by taking into account the text itself, be it autobiographical or fictionalized. Significantly enough, self-consciousness, identity and the construction of a self through writing are definitely major components of the African American literary tradition in which outstanding voices are singled out. The slave narrative tends to drift away from autobiography in order to afford its survival and conforms to the conventions that proved successful, thus revealing the truth of the subject. In this perspective, gender is the key issue of this study which brings an exclusive insight on black women’s writing. Discursive difference, writing the female body, and a staged conflicted subject are the core themes of this work. As a follower of Dickens and Byron, Hannah Crafts creates a unique blend of genres, while Harriet Wilson’s modus operandi is to rewrite Emerson’s reflections on society, and Harriet Jacobs offers a subversion of the sentimental novel. By all means, these female slave narratives’ « tour de force » lies in the aesthetics and poetics of the genre located at the crossroads of autobiography, sentimental fiction, the gothic and the picaresque. The subject determines its own sexuation, which enables the female subject to break free from the male subject. This dissertation also offers the opportunity to raise the question of history and literature. The slave narrative falls within the frame of literature as the writer’s political stance is an invitation to reconsider avant-garde women’s literary production within the African American literary canon.

This article studies the relationship between trafficking for sexual exploitation and prostitution. The study of this relationship will focus on the positions advocating the criminalization of prostitution and/or conduct consumer / customer. This analysis leads us to analyze, first, the crime of trafficking in persons. In this line, we will discuss the issue on the legal right; and its characteristic as complex crime comprising various means, behaviors and purposes. Second, we will approach the four kinds of legislative policies prostitution: reglamentarism, prohibitionist, abolitionist and regulationism. The critical study of these models will allow us to outline a tentative conclusion on the criminalization of prostitution and consumer behavior / customer. / El presente artículo estudia la relación entre la trata con fines de explotación sexual y la prostitución. El estudio de esta relación se focalizará en las posturas que abogan por la criminalización de la prostitución y/o de la conducta del consumidor/cliente. Dicho análisis nos llevará a analizar, en primer lugar, el tipo penal de trata de personas. En esta línea, expondremos la problemática sobre el bien jurídico; y su característica como delito complejo integrado por distintos medios, comportamientos y fines. En segundo lugar, nos aproximaremos a las cuatro clases de políticas legislativas en materia de prostitución: reglamentarismo, prohibicionismo, abolicionismo y regulacionismo. El estudio crítico de estos modelos nos permitirá esbozar una conclusión provisional sobre la criminalización de la prostitución y de la conducta del consumidor/cliente.

A presente tese pretende elaborar um modelo libertário em criminologia psicanalítica, buscando uma articulação entre a criminologia psicanalítica e o paradigma criminológico da reação social. Assim, pretende-se construir uma criminologia psicanalítica que, em vez de questionar-se sobre o que leva a pessoa a cometer o crime, associando criminalidade e psicopatologia, coloque seu ferramental teórico a serviço da desconstrução e deslegitimação do sistema punitivo. Ademais, a tese aborda aspectos propriamente clínicos, traçando encaminhamentos para a constituição de uma clínica psicanalítica da vulnerabilidade, tendente a propiciar o fortalecimento do indivíduo perante o sistema punitivo. Para tanto, a tese realiza uma revisão bibliográfica sobre as obras de Sigmund Freud e seus discípulos imediatos, a fim de demonstrar que o modelo criminológico legitimante da punição não se coaduna com a psicanálise freudiana. A partir dessa constatação e da colocação dos desafios consubstanciados no advento do paradigma da reação social, a tese traça encaminhamentos para a instrumentalização da psicanálise em direção à crítica das práticas punitivas institucionais. / This thesis aims to develop a libertarian model in psychoanalytic criminology, seeking a link between the psychoanalytic criminology and the criminological paradigm of social reaction. Thus, the thesis aims to built a psychoanalytic criminology that, instead of questioning about what drives a person to commit the crime, linking crime and psychopathology, puts its theoretical tools in service of the deconstruction and the delegitimization of the punitive system. Moreover, the thesis addresses properly clinical subjects, tracing referrals to the constitution of a \"psychoanalytic clinic of vulnerability\", aimed at providing the empowerment of the individual before the punitive system. Therefore, the thesis makes a review on the works of Sigmund Freud and his immediate disciples, in order to demonstrate that the criminological model that legitimates punishment is inconsistent with Freudian psychoanalysis. Based on this findings and placing the challenges embodied in the advent of the paradigm of social reaction, the thesis traces referrals to the instrumentalization of psychoanalysis toward the critic of institutional punitive practices.

No description available.

This thesis explores the connection between animal rights (abolitionism) and corporate social responsibility (CSR) in an animal-exploiting company. Looking at how companies should treat animals has long been neglected in academic research. For this reason, the thesis investigates how animal rights, in particular, relate to Carroll's pyramid of CSR. The research adopts qualitative research methods with semi-structured interviews. Carroll's pyramid of CSR and its four dimensions are used as the theoretical framework to both direct the data gathering and analyse the information that was acquired. The thesis concludes with several major findings. Firstly, it is found that animal-exploiting businesses do not address animal rights but animal welfare in their CSR strategy. Secondly, the findings identify relations between animal rights and the four levels of Carroll’s CSR framework, namely economic, legal, ethical, and philanthropic levels. Finally, an adjusted version of the framework is developed correlating with abolitionism.

No description available.

Dans cette thèse, nous partons des grands principes de justice pour démontrer la nécessité d’octroyer aux êtres sensibles nonhumains les droits moraux et légaux les plus fondamentaux. Dans un premier temps, nous nous penchons sur les principes sous-jacents aux droits fondamentaux de la personne : le principe d’égalité voulant que les cas similaires soient traités de manière similaire; la notion de droit fondamental, qui repose sur celle d’intérêt; le principe de l’égale considération des intérêts auquel mène le principe d’égalité; et, enfin, le concept d’intérêt, qui s’applique à tous les êtres sensibles. Cette première partie établit l’exigence d’accorder les droits les plus fondamentaux à tous les êtres possédant les intérêts que ces droits visent à protéger. Cela permet d’étudier trois droits particuliers et les intérêts qui les sous-tendent en examinant d’abord le droit à l'intégrité physique. Nous montrons que de nombreux animaux nonhumains sont des êtres sensibles, que tous les êtres sensibles ont, par définition, intérêt à ne pas souffrir et que, pour cette raison, ils devraient jouir du droit à l’intégrité physique. Le troisième chapitre est consacré au droit à la vie. Nous soutenons qu’il est raisonnable de supposer que tous les êtres sensibles, parce qu’ils peuvent jouir des bonnes choses de la vie, ont un certain intérêt à persévérer dans leur existence, intérêt qui, peu importe son intensité ou sa nature, doit être protégé par l’égal droit de vivre. Notre dernier chapitre se concentre sur le droit à la liberté. Nous montrons que cet intérêt est généralement interprété négativement et ne consiste qu’à pouvoir agir sans subir d’interférence. Nous soutenons que cette acception du concept de liberté nous force à reconnaître l’intérêt à être libre de tous les êtres sensibles et notre devoir de leur accorder un droit à la liberté. Nous ajoutons finalement que l’interprétation républicaine de la liberté nous incite à reconnaître à tous ces animaux un statut égal à celui des humains. Nous terminons cette réflexion en concluant que l'octroi des droits fondamentaux aux animaux sensibles implique que l’exploitation animale institutionalisée soit abandonnée et que les animaux conscients jouissent du statut de personne. / In this thesis, I use well-established principles of justice to demonstrate that there exists no valid moral reason to deny nonhuman sentient beings the most fundamental moral and legal rights. I begin by going over the principles that will inform my discussion of these basic rights. I examine the principle of equality, which requires that similar cases be treated similarly; the notion of fundamental right, which is based on the concept of interest; the principle of equal consideration of interests, which the principle of equality entails; and, finally, the concept of interest, which is applicable to all sentient beings. This first section establishes the necessity of attributing the most fundamental rights to all beings who possess the basic interests these rights are designed to protect. I then delve into an examination of the three most fundamental rights and the interests underlying these. First, I discuss the right to physical integrity, demonstrating that numerous nonhuman animals are sentient beings, and that all sentient beings, by definition, have an interest in not suffering. Second, I examine the right to life. I argue that it is reasonable to assume that every sentient being, because he or she can benefit from the good things in life, has a certain interest in his or her continued existence. This interest, regardless of its intensity or nature, deserves to be protected by an equal right to life. Third, I establish that the interest in being free is generally interpreted negatively; it simply consists of having the ability to act without interference. I argue that based on this conceptualization of liberty, all sentient beings have an interest in being free. I go on to explore the republican interpretation of freedom, suggesting that it provides further grounds for the recognition that nonuhuman sentient beings also have an interest in benefiting from the same moral and legal status as human beings. I conclude that granting the right to physical integrity, life and freedom to all sentient beings implies that we abandon all forms of institutionalized animal exploitation and that we give to all conscious beings the equal status of person.