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61	[en] THE TRANSNATIONAL ADVOCACY NETWORK AGAINST THE APARTHEID IN SOUTH AFRICA / [pt] A REDE DE ATIVISMO TRANSNACIONAL CONTRA O APARTHEID NA ÁFRICA DO SUL PABLO DE REZENDE SATURNINO BRAGA 28 September 2018 (has links) [pt] O caso do apartheid na África do Sul foi singular porque institucionalizou um arranjo sociojurídico diametralmente oposto às normas que balizaram a gestação da ordem internacional pós-Segunda Guerra Mundial. A notável contradição catalisou uma reação em cadeia no combate ao regime sul-africano, e o ativismo antiapartheid conseguiu operacionalizar uma das mais dinâmicas redes de ativismo transnacional, desenvolvendo canais de diálogo e um amplo leque de estratégias de combate nas esferas doméstica, regional e internacional. O presente estudo - ancorado na literatura construtivista sobre o ativismo transnacional - irá problematizar a formação e funcionamento da rede de ativismo transnacional antiapartheid e suas ferramentas operacionais, como o efeito-bumerangue, analisando sua influência sobre a execução de sanções estratégicas, sociais, econômicas contra o regime segregacionista sul-africano. / [en] The case of apartheid in South Africa was unique because it institutionalized an socio-juridical arrangement diametrically opposite to the norms which has framed the gestation of the international order after World War II. The remarkable contradiction catalyzed a chain reaction in fighting the South-African regime, and the anti-apartheid activism could operate one of the most dynamic transnational advocacy networks, developing channels of dialogue and a wide range of strategies to combat on domestic, regional and international spheres. This study - anchored in the constructivist literature on transnational activism - will discuss the formalization and operation of the antiapartheid transnational advocacy network and its operational tools, like the boomerang pattern, by analyzing its influence on the implementation of economic, strategic and social sanctions against the South African segregationist regime. [pt] CONSTRUTIVISMO [en] CONSTRUCTIVISM [pt] NORMAS [en] RULES [pt] MOVIMENTO NEGRO [en] NEGRO MOVEMENT [pt] SANCOES [en] PENALTIES [pt] PAN AFRICANISMO [en] PAN AFRICANISM [pt] APARTHEID [en] APARTHEID [pt] REDES DE ATIVISMO TRANSNACIONAL [en] TRANSNATIONAL ADVOCACY NETWORKS [pt] EFEITO BUMERANGUE [en] BOOMERANG PATTERN
62	Instrumentalisation du Swahili dans l’espace revendicatif afro-americain et commentaires de locuteurs swahili sur la celebration Kwanzaa. Ferrari, Aurelia 03 December 2012 (has links) Kwanzaa ni sikukuu ya utamaduni pendwa inayosherehekewa na amarekani-Waafrika na watu wengine wa diaspora sehemu mbalimbali duniani. Kwanzaa husherehekewa kwa siku saba toka Desemba tarehe 26 hadi Januari 1. Sherehe hiyo iliyotokana na vuguvugu la Wamarekani weusi kuenzi historia na utamaduni wao toka Afrika. Ilianzishwa mwaka 1966. Katika makala haya, tutaonyesha kwamba Kiswahili katika sherehe hiyo hakitumiki kama lugha ya mawasiliano, kinatumika kama lugha ya kuungana Wamarekani weusi na kuwakumbusha asili zao za kiafrika. Tutaangalia pia maoni mbali mbali ya Waafrika wanaojua Kiswahili na wanaoishi barani Afrika kuhusu sherehe hiyo. Tumeyachukua na tumeyachanganua maoni ya Waghana kwa sababu Ghana ilichaguliwa na watu wa diaspora na hasa na Warasta kama “nchi au ardhi ya rejeo”, kwa hivyo Waghana wanahusika sana na msukumo huu wa Wamarekani weusi. info:eu-repo/classification/ddc/496 ddc:496
63	The efficacy of African Union multilateralism in governance : an institutional approach Latib, Salin 09 1900 (has links) African Union (AU) multilateral efforts in governance flounder at the level of implementation and their substantive intervention worth do not accord with the aspirations embodied in adopted normative frameworks and instruments. The research served to uncover the policy and delivery challenges within the overall AU institutional system as a means of providing a perspective on the future of AU governance mechanisms and related intervention modalities. Detailed empirical engagement, through an institutional lens, with norm formation and implementation in accountability, the rule of law and state capacity, and related delivery practices, enabled the extraction of crucial efficacy challenges in the AU institutional system. The exploration, using evidence embodied in documents from the AU governance implementation system, served to confirm that the AU continues to struggle between the imperatives of integration through established shared values and the exercise of state sovereignty. Within the policy-delivery nexus, the research points to the importance of agency by AU institutions and how practices and incentives serve to pervert the aspiration for a multilateral value-adding system in governance. In addition to providing a comprehensive historical macro-overview of AU governance intervention and related implementation modalities, the research served to uncover the implementation ‘black-box’ through a careful and comprehensive study of practices in each of the governance intervention terrains. The institutional focus serves to affirm that answerability for performance in the use of public resource and the structuring of organisations, matter for delivery and the production of substantive regional integration value. The core efficacy challenges at the level of AU multilateral engagements and implementation, such as norm proliferation, the exercise of power and sovereignty, staffing and capacity gaps, point to the need for a substantive and strategic reorientation of the AU governance normative framework and related intervention modalities. As an outcome of the analysis and reflection, a ‘norm graduating model’ is proposed to accommodate contextual realities in AU Member States on the back of historically hard-fought-for shared values in governance. At the level of implementation modalities, efficacy challenges point to the importance of a more tempered and realistic delivery approach. The primary focus in the immediate term should be on building governance through a diffused peer-engagement strategy culminating in norm compliance and full adherence to the provisions of established AU governance instruments over the long-term. / Public Administration and Management / Ph. D. (Public Administration) African Union African Multilateralism African Governance African Integration African Shared Values African Governance Architecture Multilateral Performance Multilateral Assessment Institutional Analysis 320.54096 African Union Pan-Africanism African cooperation Regionalism -- Africa Regionalism (International organization)
64	The right to confidentiality in the context of HIV/AIDS Mtunuse, Paul Tobias 02 1900 (has links) The purpose of this study is to investigate the right to confidentiality in the context of HIV/AIDS through an interdisciplinary lens. This study indicates that whilst confidentiality is important and should be preserved in order to protect persons living with HIV/AIDS against stigmatisation, discrimination and victimisation, this should be balanced by other equally important interests, such as the protection of public health and individual third parties who may be affected by the intentional or negligent infection of others with HIV. As the consideration of the legal issues relating to confidentiality and privacy cannot be divorced from the social context in which HIV/AIDS plays out in South African communities, the study will examine, amongst others, the victimisation, discrimination and stigmatisation experienced by persons living with HIV/AIDS, followed by a critical exploration of the present legal and ethical framework governing privacy and confidentiality, including medical confidentiality, as well as the duty to disclose a positive HIV-status, in the context of HIV/AIDS. Possible limitations on the right to privacy in this context are also examined, which include, amongst others, a consideration of making HIV/AIDS notifiable diseases in South Africa. The study suggests that it is imperative that legal interventions aimed at curbing the spread of HIV will need to be mindful of the unique social, cultural and economic forces that impact on the duty to disclose a positive HIV-status to partners and other affected third parties. Insights gained from philosophical theories relating to Africanism, individualism, communitarianism and utilitarianism are valuable tools in facilitating a clearer understanding of relevant social and cultural factors that keep South African society locked in the present stalemate with regard to the disclosure of HIV status. / Public, Constitutional, & International law / LLD HIV/AIDS The right to confidentiality The right to privacy The right to dignity Medical confidentiality Limitation clause Stigma Discrimination Victimisation Criminalisation Persons living with HIV/AIDS Individualism Communitarianism Utilitarianism Africanism Notifiability Partner notification 344.4369792068 Privacy, Right of -- South Africa
65	Economic community of West African states (ECOWAS) : combining sub-regional economic integration with conflict resolution Tive, Charles 08 May 2014 (has links) The study utilizes regional integration theories like neo-functionalism, intergovernmentalism and new regionalism to analyse the formation, structure and transformation of the Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS). It examines the role of ECOWAS as a sub-regional economic body and its transformation to a political and security body dealing with sub-regional conflict resolution. Though neo-functionalism is generally analysed in reference to European regional integration, the study attempts to draw some lessons from this theory. Also, new regionalism theory is utilized to examine the transformation of ECOWAS from a mere economic body to a security and political entity. Regionalism in West Africa was initially geared towards mere economic cooperation; however, the emergence of ECOWAS on the scene and its subsequent transformation witnessed several changes towards the path of security cooperation. Despite its involvement with the gigantic political and security related activities, a general evaluation of economic integration in West Africa depicts a low level of progress. The poor state of sub-regional economic integration shows that ECOWAS did not complete its regional economic integration agenda before diverting to other sectors of integration. ECOWAS peacekeeping operations have been the dominant topic in sub-regional conflict resolution in West Africa. However, other forms of conflict resolution, including mediation, negotiation, conciliation and arbitration have been severally utilized. Also, in some of the cases, peacekeeping operations have been deployed only after other peaceful efforts have failed. ECOWAS peacekeeping operations are divergent operations with different forms and mandates. Therefore, they are better analysed under the framework of peacekeeping, peace-enforcement and peace-making theories. ECOWAS peacekeeping operations have been a subject of debate by proponents of the principle of non-interference and those of the responsibility to protect. The expediency of military intervention for humanitarian reasons as well as the prevention of genocide, war crimes and catastrophic loss of lives has questioned the principle of non-interference and validated the principle of responsibility to protect. / Political Sciences / D. Litt. et Phil. (International Politics) ECOWAS Regional integration Conflict resolution Neo-functionalism Regionalism New regionalism Peacekeeping Peace enforcement Peacemaking West Africa ECOMOG Pan Africanism 327.172096 Conflict management -- Arica, West Peace-building -- Africa, West Regionalism (International organization) International economic integration Africa, West -- Politics and government
66	Nouvel humanisme et ontologie africaine / New humanism and african ontology Okwa-Ondo, Peter Abraham 07 June 2013 (has links) A travers les faits et manifestations considérés comme irrationnels par l’entendement scientiste et positiviste, on décèle du point de vue de la philosophie de l’esprit, une rationalité poétique qui est à l’œuvre dans tout esprit humain. Ce super- rationalisme qui intègre en même temps le sensible et le rationnel obéit à une logique du symbolisme qu’on retrouve dans l’Ontologie africaine. L’africanisme ontologique induit une philosophie de l’invisible où la connaissance intuitive libère l’esprit du dogmatisme rationaliste. Il permet d’appréhender l’Être dans sa totalité en examinant la question du rapport à soi, et du rapport à l’autre à travers la figure du sage africain.Aujourd’hui, la rencontre des cultures et des civilisations permet un croisement des rationalités et une pluralité de valeurs qui sont le fondement du nouvel humanisme dont nous nous réclamons. Un humanisme spirituel basé sur le respect et la compréhension de l’autre par la différence de sa pensée et de ses attributs socio-psychologiques. / In facts and manifestations watched as irrationals by the scientist and positivist understanding, one can detect from the point of view of the philosophy of Being, a poetic rationality which is at work in every human spirit. This “super-rationalism” able to integrate at the same time both the perceptible and the rational obeys a logic of symbolism we find in the African Ontology.The ontological Africanism leads into a philosophy of the finiteness where the intuitive knowledge frees the spirit from the rationalist dogmatism. It enables a comprehension of the Being as a whole looking at the question of the relationship to the self, and the relationship to the other through the figure of the African sage.Today, the encounter of cultures and civilizations allows a crossing of rationalities and a plurality of values that are the foundation of the new humanism we claim as ours. An humanism based on the respect and the understanding of the other by accepting the difference of his own thought as well as his socio-psychological attributes. Humanisme Rationalité Ontologie Africanisme Mythe Symbolisme Ethnoscience Irrationnel Connaissance Intuition Raison Scientisme Logique Esprit Pensée Etre Métaphysique Paranormal Proverbe Conte Mvett Herméneutique Mystique Transcendance Immanence Essence Poétique Humanism Rationality Ontology Africanism Symbolism Ethnoscience Irrational Knowledge Intuition Reason Scientism Logic Spirit Thought Being Metaphysics Paranormal Proverb Tale Mwett Hermeneutics Mystic Transcendence Immanence Essence Poetics 100
67	La construction de la communauté de sécurité africaine : une perspective africaine / Construction of the African security community : an African perspective Frasson-Quenoz, Florent 12 May 2011 (has links) Les difficultés rencontrées pour assurer le maintien de la paix et de la sécurité internationale sur le continent africain constituent un réel obstacle au développement économique, un danger pour les populations et une menace sérieuse pour la survie des Etats.Les outils théoriques classiques de la sécurité internationale s’étant révélés insuffisants pour apporter une réponse à cette problématique, notre objectif est ici, en recourant à l’approche constructiviste, de déterminer si les États africains manifestent une réelle volonté et/ou capacité à construire une communauté de sécurité (CS) à même de palier ces difficultés.Pour ce faire nous nous interrogeons sur l’existence d’un lien entre la production d’actes de parole, la promotion et l’adoption de normes de régulation pacifiques des conflits et la manière qu’ont les États africains d’appréhender leurs relations avec les autres membres de la CS supposée.L’utilisation additionnelle du concept de région et l’adoption d’une perspective africaine nous permettent en outre de diviser l’objet d’étude « Afrique » en plusieurs sous-Ensembles plus propices à la réalisation d’une étude scientifique et d’évaluer d’une part la pertinence et d’autre part le sens même du concept de CS lorsqu’il est appliqué au terrain africain. / The difficulties met to insure the preservation of the peace and the international security on the African continent constitute a real obstacle to the economic development, a danger for the populations and a serious threat for the survival of States.The classic theoretical tools of the international security having proved insufficient to provide an answer to this issue, our objective is to determine, on the basis of the constructivist approach, whether African States show a real willingness and\or a capacity to build a Security Community (SC) that would be able to overcome these difficulties.In order to do so we question whether a link exists between the production of “speech acts” on the one hand and the promotion and the adoption of pacific regulation norms for conflicts on the other, and we examine the way African States apprehend their relations with other members of the supposed SC.The additional use of the concept of “region” and the adoption of an African perspective allow us to divide the object of study "Africa" into several subsets more propitious to the achievement of a scientific study, and to evaluate the relevance and the meaning of the SC concept when applied to the African field of study. Sécurité internationale Communauté de sécurité Sécurité humaine Architecture de sécurité africaine Droit international public Histoire Panafricanisme Afrique Afrique du Sud Côte d'Ivoire International security Security community Human security Structures of African security International law History Pan-Africanism Africa South Africa Côte d’Ivoire
68	The right to confidentiality in the context of HIV/AIDS Mtunuse, Paul Tobias 02 1900 (has links) The purpose of this study is to investigate the right to confidentiality in the context of HIV/AIDS through an interdisciplinary lens. This study indicates that whilst confidentiality is important and should be preserved in order to protect persons living with HIV/AIDS against stigmatisation, discrimination and victimisation, this should be balanced by other equally important interests, such as the protection of public health and individual third parties who may be affected by the intentional or negligent infection of others with HIV. As the consideration of the legal issues relating to confidentiality and privacy cannot be divorced from the social context in which HIV/AIDS plays out in South African communities, the study will examine, amongst others, the victimisation, discrimination and stigmatisation experienced by persons living with HIV/AIDS, followed by a critical exploration of the present legal and ethical framework governing privacy and confidentiality, including medical confidentiality, as well as the duty to disclose a positive HIV-status, in the context of HIV/AIDS. Possible limitations on the right to privacy in this context are also examined, which include, amongst others, a consideration of making HIV/AIDS notifiable diseases in South Africa. The study suggests that it is imperative that legal interventions aimed at curbing the spread of HIV will need to be mindful of the unique social, cultural and economic forces that impact on the duty to disclose a positive HIV-status to partners and other affected third parties. Insights gained from philosophical theories relating to Africanism, individualism, communitarianism and utilitarianism are valuable tools in facilitating a clearer understanding of relevant social and cultural factors that keep South African society locked in the present stalemate with regard to the disclosure of HIV status. / Public, Constitutional, and International law / LLD HIV/AIDS The right to confidentiality The right to privacy The right to dignity Medical confidentiality Limitation clause Stigma Discrimination Victimisation Criminalisation Persons living with HIV/AIDS Individualism Communitarianism Utilitarianism Africanism Notifiability Partner notification 344.4369792068 Privacy, Right of -- South Africa
69	Economic community of West African states (ECOWAS) : combining sub-regional economic integration with conflict resolution Tive, Charles 08 May 2014 (has links) The study utilizes regional integration theories like neo-functionalism, intergovernmentalism and new regionalism to analyse the formation, structure and transformation of the Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS). It examines the role of ECOWAS as a sub-regional economic body and its transformation to a political and security body dealing with sub-regional conflict resolution. Though neo-functionalism is generally analysed in reference to European regional integration, the study attempts to draw some lessons from this theory. Also, new regionalism theory is utilized to examine the transformation of ECOWAS from a mere economic body to a security and political entity. Regionalism in West Africa was initially geared towards mere economic cooperation; however, the emergence of ECOWAS on the scene and its subsequent transformation witnessed several changes towards the path of security cooperation. Despite its involvement with the gigantic political and security related activities, a general evaluation of economic integration in West Africa depicts a low level of progress. The poor state of sub-regional economic integration shows that ECOWAS did not complete its regional economic integration agenda before diverting to other sectors of integration. ECOWAS peacekeeping operations have been the dominant topic in sub-regional conflict resolution in West Africa. However, other forms of conflict resolution, including mediation, negotiation, conciliation and arbitration have been severally utilized. Also, in some of the cases, peacekeeping operations have been deployed only after other peaceful efforts have failed. ECOWAS peacekeeping operations are divergent operations with different forms and mandates. Therefore, they are better analysed under the framework of peacekeeping, peace-enforcement and peace-making theories. ECOWAS peacekeeping operations have been a subject of debate by proponents of the principle of non-interference and those of the responsibility to protect. The expediency of military intervention for humanitarian reasons as well as the prevention of genocide, war crimes and catastrophic loss of lives has questioned the principle of non-interference and validated the principle of responsibility to protect. / Political Sciences / D. Litt. et Phil. (International Politics) ECOWAS Regional integration Conflict resolution Neo-functionalism Regionalism New regionalism Peacekeeping Peace enforcement Peacemaking West Africa ECOMOG Pan Africanism 327.172096 Conflict management -- Arica, West Peace-building -- Africa, West Regionalism (International organization) International economic integration Africa, West -- Politics and government
70	Reconstruire la philosophie à partir de l'Afrique : une utopie postcoloniale Abadie, Delphine 01 1900 (has links) No description available. philosophie africaine pensée postcoloniale décolonisation épistémique critique de la Modernité Kant Hegel bibliothèque coloniale théorie féministe africaine panafricanisme cosmopolitisme universel latéral savoirs indigènes Afrique Haïti race racisme néo-colonialisme postcolonial thought epistemic decolonization critics of Modernity colonial library African feminist theory pan-Africanism cosmopolitanism lateral universal indigenous knowledge Haiti racism neo-colonialism African philosophy Philosophy / Philosophie (UMI : 0422)

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