La présente thèse démontre l’existence d’un véritable contrôle juridictionnel du respect par les États membres des droits fondamentaux garantis par l’Union européenne. Elle repose principalement sur le raisonnement selon lequel le contrôle juridictionnel s’est renforcé, en lien avec le processus d’intégration caractérisant le système juridique de l’Union. Le droit français est étudié en tant que droit constitutif de ce système. Historiquement, la Cour de justice a commencé à produire les normes de référence du contrôle par le biais du renvoi préjudiciel. Ce contrôle a émergé progressivement, il a un champ d’application fondé sur celui du droit de l’Union. Ce dernier est, par principe, son périmètre d’exercice. Indissociable de ces bases jurisprudentielles, le contrôle juridictionnel connait un renforcement global qui a pour caractéristique d’être intégratif. Cette évolution s’engage par l’entrée en vigueur du traité de Lisbonne et la force juridique contraignante qu’il confère à la Charte des droits fondamentaux. Il en résulte la consécration du contrôle juridictionnel dans le droit « dispositionnel ». Ce renforcement se poursuit par un élargissement du contrôle, initié par ce traité et produit par différents juges du système juridique de l’Union. Le contrôle opéré par les juges de droit commun se développe incontestablement, tandis que la Cour de justice a peu l’occasion d’intervenir dans le cadre du recours en manquement. De nouveaux organes de contrôle apparaissent avec leurs singularités. Il s’agit du juge constitutionnel et de la Cour européenne des droits de l’homme. / This thesis demonstrates the existence of a genuine judicial review of compliance by Member States regarding fundamental rights guaranteed by the European Union. It is based mainly on the reasoning that this control has been reinforced, in line with the integration process characterizing the Union's legal system; French law, as a constituent right of this system, is studied. Historically, the Court of Justice started to produce the reference standards for control by means of the reference for a preliminary ruling, allowing them to progressively emerge, adhering to the scope of EU law. This framework is, in principle, the scope of its exercise. The integrative strengthening of the review, inseparable from these legal bases, entails the entry into force of the Treaty of Lisbon and the binding legal force of the Charter of Fundamental Rights.. The recognition of review in “dispositional” law is a strong illustration of this. It has continued with this expansion, initiated by this treaty, and also brought about by different judges within the Union’s legal system. This has weakened the principle of its exercise within the scope of the Union’s law. Furthermore, this strengthening has been amplified by an overall consolidation of the courts’ review function. Indeed, it’s common law judges – in principle, ordinary national judges – who operate as a review on developments, in particular; a contrario, the Court of Justice has not had much of a chance to do so within the framework of this action, failing to fulfil its obligations. Yet, - the demonstration continues – new review bodies emerge. These will be the constitutional judge, and in the longer term, the European Court of Human Rights.

The differentiation between functional areas is necessary for organizations to be able to meet the challenges posed by the environment. This same differentiation, however, requires the functional integration for organization can operate to achieve their goals and use their resources efficient. This paper uses the perspective of triads, an approach of Social Psychology that studies groups of subjects for the analysis of phenomena associated with the relationships between functional areas of an organization. This approach has been used recently in the study of the relationship between organizations in supply chains. Multiple case studies was conducted in three industrial companies in the region of Uberlandia (MG) and six categories of phenomena that help to understand the relationship between functional areas were identified: Urgency, Capacity vs. Demand, Motivation, Challenge and Respect. Existing theories that adopt the perspective of triads, the Theory of Balance of Heider, Theory of Structural Holes, by Simmel and Theory of Coalitions by Caplow were also used for data analysis. Seven propositions were made regarding the phenomena associated with functional integration from the perspective of triads that can contribute to future studies in this research field. / A diferenciação entre as áreas funcionais é necessária para que as organizações sejam capazes de enfrentar os desafios impostos pelo ambiente. Essa mesma diferenciação, no entanto, exige a integração interfuncional para que a organização consiga operar de forma a atingir seus objetivos, utilizando seus recursos de forma eficiente. Este trabalho utiliza a perspectiva de tríades, uma abordagem da Psicologia Social que estuda grupos de indivíduos, para a análise dos fenômenos associados aos relacionamentos entre as áreas funcionais de uma organização. Essa abordagem tem sido recentemente utilizada no estudo do relacionamento entre organizações nas cadeias de suprimentos. Foi realizado um estudo de múltiplos casos em três empresas industriais da região de Uberlândia (MG) e a partir dos dados foram identificadas seis categorias de fenômenos que ajudam a compreender o relacionamento entre as áreas funcionais: Urgência, Capacidade versus Demanda, Motivação, Desafio e Respeito. As teorias existentes que adotam a perspectiva de tríades, a Teoria do Equilíbrio de Heider, a Teoria dos Buracos Estruturais, de Simmel e a Teoria das Coalizões, de Caplow também foram utilizadas para a análise dos dados. Foram feitas sete proposições a respeito dos fenômenos associados à integração interfuncional a partir da perspectiva de tríades que podem contribuir com estudos futuros neste campo de pesquisa. / Mestre em Administração

FundaÃÃo Cearense de Apoio ao Desenvolvimento Cientifico e TecnolÃgico / Em comunidades montadas por processos determinÃsticos os filtros abiÃticos ou biÃticos selecionam espÃcies e caracterÃsticas funcionais com melhor aptidÃo. Com base nisso, a hipÃtese deste trabalho à que filtros abiÃticos e biÃticos atuem ao longo da cronossequÃncia, gerando diferentes processos de montagem das comunidades. Deste modo foram levantadas as seguintes previsÃes: I) Caso exista integraÃÃo funcional entre os ÃrgÃos, os diferentes processos de montagem da comunidade gerarÃo diferentes espectros de economia para a planta, II) CaracterÃsticas e estratÃgias funcionais apresentarÃo diferentes relaÃÃes com as taxas demogrÃficas ao longo da cronossequÃncia e III) Os diferentes processos de montagem vÃo gerar diferentes padrÃes para estrutura filogenÃtica e funcional, sendo estes modificados ao longo do tempo em virtude da mortalidade e do recrutamento. Para testar estas previsÃes, foram coletados dados de oito caracterÃsticas funcionais (foliares, reprodutivos, tronco e planta inteira) em 64 espÃcies, distribuÃdas em nove Ãreas, sendo seis capoeiras (trÃs com 17 anos e trÃs com 25 anos de regeneraÃÃo, aproximadamente) e trÃs florestas maduras, localizadas sob domÃnio da Floresta OmbrÃfila Densa, na regiÃo do litoral Norte de Pernambuco, Brasil. Em cada uma dessas Ãreas foram obtidas as taxas de mortalidade, recrutamento e crescimento das espÃcies e grupos de espÃcies. Foi observado que nÃo existe um espectro de economia para planta, de modo que os ÃrgÃos atuam de forma independente, nÃo variando ao longo da cronossequÃncia. Algumas caracterÃsticas tiveram forte influÃncia sobre a demografia das plantas, mas estas relaÃÃes tambÃm nÃo variaram com a cronossequÃncia. Quando as espÃcies foram agrupadas com base no maior nÃmero de caracterÃsticas voltadas para uso rÃpido do recurso (espÃcies aquisitivas), para a conservaÃÃo do recurso (espÃcies conservativas) ou com caracterÃsticas voltadas para ambas as estratÃgias (espÃcies intermediÃrias), as taxas demogrÃficas apresentam algumas variaÃÃes ao longo da cronossequÃncia, com maior mortalidade de espÃcies aquisitivas e intermediÃrias nas vegetaÃÃes com 25 anos de regeneraÃÃo e maior recrutamento de espÃcies intermediÃrias e conservativas no final da cronossequÃncia. AlÃm disso, foi observado que nÃo existe sinal filogenÃtico para as caracterÃsticas estudadas, indicando que nÃo houve conservaÃÃo de nicho, e que as estruturas filogenÃtica e funcional apresentam padrÃo aleatÃrio nas fases iniciais da sucessÃo, enquanto que no fim da sucessÃo a comunidade era funcionalmente dispersa e filogeneticamente agrupada. Estes padrÃes se mantiveram ao longo do tempo, nÃo sofrendo influÃncia de indivÃduos e espÃcies mortos e recrutados. Deste modo, à possÃvel afirmar que ao longo desta cronossequÃncia, as variaÃÃes nos filtros foram percebidas de forma diferente quando analisadas por populaÃÃes e por comunidades. CaracterÃsticas analisadas no nÃvel de populaÃÃo nÃo refletiram a influÃncia das mudanÃas observadas ao longo da cronossequÃncia, enquanto que para comunidade as influÃncias foram mais perceptÃveis. Portanto, o estudo das caracterÃsticas funcionais e da dinÃmica, bem como dos grupos de espÃcies, forneceram informaÃÃes importantes sobre os processos e conseqÃentemente sobre montagem das comunidades com diferentes disponibilidades de recursos. / In communities assembled by deterministic processes, abiotic or biotic filters select species and functional traits with higher fitness. Based on this, the hypothesis of this work is that abiotic and biotic filters operate over a chronosequence, generating different community assembly processes. Thus, the following predictions were made: I) If functional integration exists between organs, different processes of community assembly will generate different economics spectra for the plant II) Functional strategies and traits will show different relationships with demographic rates over the chronosequence; and III) Assembly processes will generate different patterns of phylogenetic and functional structure, which will be modified over time due to mortality and recruitment. To test these predictions, data on eight functional characteristics were collected (leaf, reproductive, stem and whole plant) in 64 species distributed in nine areas, six being secondary growth forests (three with approximately 17 years and three with approximately 25 years of abandonment), and three mature forests, located within the dense ombrophilous forest domain in the northern coastal region of Pernambuco, Brazil. In each one of these areas rates of mortality, recruitment and growth of the species and communities were obtained. The existence of an economics spectrum for plants was not observed, meaning that the organs acted independently, not varying over the gradient. Some traits had a strong influence on the plant demographics, but these relationships also did not vary with chronosequence. When species were grouped based on the largest numbers of traits favouring rapid resource use (acquisitive species), or resource conservation (conservative species) or traits adapted to both strategies (intermediate species), the demographic rates showed some variation over the chronosequence, with higher mortality in acquisitive and intermediate species in areas with 25 years abandonment and higher recruitment of intermediate and conservative species at the end of the chronosequence. Furthermore, it was observed that a phylogenetic signal did not exist for the traits studied, indicting that there was no niche conservation and that the phylogenetic and functional structure showed a random pattern in the initial stages of succession, whilst at the end of succession the community was functionally dispersed and phylogenetically grouped. These patterns were maintained over time, not influenced by individuals and dead and recruited species. Thus, it is possible to say that throughout this chronosequence, the variations in filters were perceived differently when analysed by populations or communities. Traits analysed at the population level did not reflect the influence of changes observed over the chronosequence, while for the community these influences were more noticeable. Therefore, the study of functional and dynamic traits, as well as species groups, provides important information about the processes, and consequently the assembly, of communities with different resource availabilities.

This study develops an original theoretical model of critical managerially controllable factors that have high potential for achieving significant improvements in the (intermediate and ultimate) outcome(s) of product innovation efforts. To this end, the author draws on the relevant empirical literature and integrates four complementary theoretical perspectives, namely; the critical success factors (CSFs) approach, the resource-based view (RBV), the input-process-output (IPO) model, and the system(s) approach. The model (hereafter CFEMOs) aims to explicate the simultaneous direct and indirect/mediated interrelationships among the product innovation’s critical firm-based enablers (new-product fit-to-firm’s skills and resources, internal cross-functional integration, and top-management support), process execution proficiency, and performance outcomes (operation-level performance, product-level performance, and firm-level performance). Additionally, it aims to predict the variations of the process execution proficiency and the performance outcomes. The CFEMOs model was empirically tested using an online survey that was completed by 386 U.S. restaurants owners/senior executives on their recently innovated new menu-items. By utilising a partial least squares structural equation modelling, the statistical analysis substantiated that, compared to the models of the extant relevant empirical studies, the CFEMOs model has a broader scope and a superior predictive power. It simultaneously explains 72% of the process execution proficiency, 67% of the new menu-item superiority (quality, speed-to-market, and cost-efficiency), 76% of new menu-item performance (customer satisfaction, sales, and profits), and 75% of the new menu-item contribution to the overall restaurant performance (sales, profits, and market share). Furthermore, this study established that those restaurateurs who concurrently succeed in enhancing their internal cross-functional integration, top-management support, and new-product fit-to-firm’s skills and resources, descendingly ranked, would achieve high process execution proficiency, which subsequently would grant them superior operation-level performance, product-level performance, and firm-level performance. This thesis concludes by providing several key original contributions and crucial implications to product innovation research and practice, as well as offering several promising avenues for future research.

Title: The Influence of Pelvic Clock lesson from the Feldenkrais Method® on the Proprioception and the Range of Pelvic Movement Objectives: The aim of this diploma thesis is to investigate the influence of Feldenkrais method (FM) on the lumbar spine and pelvic movement functions. Specifically, changes in the ability of pelvis reposition, changes in stabilize pelvic movements and postural changes were tested after completing one FM lesson Pelvic Clock. Method: It is theoretical empirical work where quantitative research with elements of controlled study was used. For the study, 30 probands aged 20 to 30 years were selected and divided into two groups. Both groups underwent a pelvic reposition test twice. The second measurement took place 40 minutes after the end of the previous measurement. At this time interval, 15 probands in the experimental group underwent an intervention in the form of the Pelvic Clock lesson of the Feldenkrais Method. The control group of 15 probands in this time period focused on physically undemanding activities, i.e. sitting, walking, etc. The following parameters were determined for all probands: accuracy of pelvic reposition, range of pelvis movement, pelvic stabilization movements, and pelvic tilt change. The results are processed into graphs and statistically evaluated....

Le cerveau humain adhère à deux principes organisationnels fondamentaux et complémentaires, l'intégration fonctionnelle et la spécialisation fonctionnelle, selon lesquels des aires corticales anatomiquement éloignées et spécialisées dans des tâches très spécifiques sont liées via la connectivité effective. Le rôle fonctionnel joué par une population neuronale spécialisée est défini par ses connexions avec d'autres régions corticales: la formation de ces réseaux distribués, à travers des interactions dynamiques, est la base de l'intégration fonctionnelle. Ces connexions sont soumises à des changements qui participent au processus de plasticité cérébrale ;l’étude de cette plasticité permet d’étendre nos connaissances sur la signification fonctionnelle des réseaux cérébraux intégrés, chez le sujet sain et au cours d’affections neurologiques. Ce travail de thèse est consacré à l’investigation de la plasticité du cerveau dans des conditions physiologiques et pathologiques. Il fait appel à des mesures régionales du métabolisme du glucose, grâce à la tomographie par émission de positons (PET) et à un traceur du métabolisme glucidique, le 18F-fluorodésoxyglucose (FDG-PET). Dans une première étude, les changements de l'intégration fonctionnelle ont été abordés du point de vue physiologique, en testant leur évolution en fonction de l'âge. Une augmentation de la connectivité effective a été mise en évidence entre diverses structures cérébrales entre l’âge de 6 ans et l’âge de 50 ans. L’évolution la plus importante touche les relations entre le cortex cingulaire antérieur et le cortex temporal, l’hippocampe, le thalamus et le cervelet. Une deuxième étude a concerné les changements de connectivité dans l’épilepsie mésiotemporale associée à une sclérose hippocampique unilatérale. Dans l’hémisphère opposé au foyer épileptique, des modifications de connectivité ont été démontrées entre diverses structures corticales frontales, temporales et cingulaires. Dans une troisième étude portant également sur une population de patients atteints d’épilepsie mésiotemporale associée à une sclérose hippocampique unilatérale, une relation a été démontrée entre les performances mnésiques attribuables à l’activité de l’hémisphère sain (testées lors d’une injection hétérolatérale d’amobarbital) et l’activité métabolique mésiotemporale dans cet hémisphère.En conclusion, ce travail démontre une réorganisation de l'intégration fonctionnelle cérébrale entre l’enfance et l’âge adulte, en relation probable avec le développement des fonctions cognitives. Des changements induits par l'épilepsie dans l'intégration fonctionnelle représentent un corrélat neuronal des troubles cognitifs, émotionnels et décisionnels fréquemment présentés par les patients atteints de cette maladie. / Doctorat en Sciences biomédicales et pharmaceutiques (Médecine) / info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished

Under de senaste åren har företag försökt utforma sina kontorsmiljöer till en som uppmanar till mer kommunikation både inom och mellan olika funktioner i produktutvecklingsprocessen. Då produktutvecklingsprocessen omvandlar en produkt från idé till lansering anses en stor utmaning vara att integrera de involverade funktionerna med varandra. Därav har många företag implementerat aktivitetsbaserat kontor. Genom att implementera detta förväntar sig företagen att kommunikationen ökar och i sin tur, påverkar produktutvecklingsprocessen positivt. Däremot är forskningen omstridd angående hur aktivitetsbaserat faktiskt påverkar processen. Syftet med den här studien är att studera hur kommunikationen ser ut på aktivitetsbaserade kontor och hur samarbetet påverkas inom team och mellan funktioner under produktutvecklingsprocessen. Studien har utförts genom att inledningsvis genomföra en litteraturstudie för att få en ökad förståelse inom området. Därefter utfördes en kvalitativ semistrukturerad intervjuundersökning med fyra respondenter från två olika företag. Båda företagen hade implementerat aktivitetsbaserat kontor och arbetar med produktutvecklingsprocesser. Studien visar att vid implementering av aktivitetsbaserat kontor har de informella mötena ökat i frekvens och samverkan mellan funktioner har förbättrats. Inom team har dock det fysiska avståndet ökat vilket har resulterat i att interaktionen ansikte mot ansikte har minskat och mer kommunikation sker med digitala verktyg. När man inom teamet inte är samlokaliserade krävs mer struktur i arbetet vilket varit en positiv utveckling. Produktutvecklingsprocessen genomförs mer tvärfunktionellt mellan funktionerna vid implementering av aktivitetsbaserat kontor, ABW. / In recent years, companies have tried to design their office environments into one that calls for more communication both within and between different functions in the product development process. As the product development process transforms a product from idea to launch, it is considered a significant challenge to integrate the functions involved with each other. As a result, many companies have implemented activity-based offices. By applying this, companies expect communication to increase and, in turn, have a positive impact on the product development process. However, research is controversial as to how activity-based affects the process. The purpose of this study is to study how communication looks at activity-based offices and how collaboration is affected between functions during the product development process. The study was carried out by initially conducting a literature study to gain an increased understanding of the field. Subsequently, a qualitative semi-structured interview survey was conducted with four respondents from two different companies. Both companies have implemented activity-based offices and are working on product development processes. The study shows that in the implementation of activity-based offices, informal meetings have increased in frequency and collaboration between functions. The physical distance between team members has increased, which has led to less face-to-face interaction and more use of digital tools. When the team is not co-located, more structure is required, which has been a positive development. The product development process is worked more cross-functionally between the functions when implementing an activity-based workplace, ABW

Ett modernt stadsplaneringsideal idag är den så kallade blandstaden, där man eftersträvar en funktionsblandning för att främja en levande stadsmiljö. I Stockholm råder det i dagsläget bostadsbrist och behovet av bostäder, service och arbetsplatser ökar. Detta har lett till att det i nuläget pågår stora utvecklingsprojekt i områden som tidigare varit industriområden. Majoriteten av industrierna har oftast redan avvecklats eller planeras att avvecklas. Den här rapporten utreder huruvida det istället är möjligt att bibehålla industriverksamheten i området för att bevara det kulturhistoriska värdet samt om industriverksamheter kan integreras i stadsbilden. Vidare undersöks på vilket sätt detta skulle kunna vara möjligt samt vilka för- och nackdelar som kan uppstå.  För att underlätta undersökningen och tydligt se hur det skulle kunna se ut i praktiken har två exempel använts och analyserats. Det första är Slakthusområdet som är ett industriområde i södra Stockholm som är under en pågående omvandling från industriområde till en urban stadsdel med fokus på kultur och hållbarhet. Det andra är Arvid Nordquists nya kafferosteri i Järfälla som är en modern industribyggnad som ska integreras i stadsmiljön med målet att skapa en resurssnål och miljövänlig produktionsanläggning.  Arbetet har genomförts genom att relevant information har inhämtats via litteraturstudier, dokumentstudier och intervjustudier. Intervjuerna har gjorts i syfte att erhålla mer information om Slakthusområdet och Arvid Nordquists kafferosteri. Utöver det har även ett platsbesök i Slakthusområdet genomförts. Rapporten inkluderar även en SWOT-analys, där för- och nackdelar presenteras för att sedan vägas mot varandra. De huvudsakliga fördelarna med att integrera industriverksamhet i stadsmiljön är att de bidrar till konceptet blandstaden och skapar en levande stadsmiljö. De främsta nackdelarna är att industriverksamheter kan medföra trafik, buller och lukter.  Slutligen kan det konstateras att det är möjligt att skapa en blandstad genom att integrera industriverksamhet i stadsbilden, men endast i liten skala och med vissa förutsättningar. Det alternativ som är mest fördelaktigt är att integrera småskaliga industrier med tillhörande försäljning. På så sätt kan området och dess invånare dra nytta av fördelarna samtidigt som nackdelarna minimeras så gott det går. Större industrier med potentiellt störande påverkan bör däremot placeras på platser där dess verksamhet inte påverkar omgivande bostäder i lika hög grad. / The concept of the mixed-use city is at the forefront of today’s urban planning, where a strive for functional diversity is sought to promote a vibrant urban environment. In Stockholm, there are currently several large-scale development projects in the previous industrial areas, due to increased demand for housing, servicebuildings and workplaces. The majority of industries in these areas have already been dismantled or are planned to be dismantled. This report investigates whether it is possible to preserve industrial activity into the urban environment or not. Furthermore, it investigates how this could be possible and what advantages and disadvantages may arise.  To make the investigation easier and more clearly visualize how it would appear, two examples have been presented and analyzed. The first is the so-called “ Slakthusområdet '', which is an industrial area in the south of Stockholm that is under an ongoing transformation from an industrial area into an urban district with a focus on culture and sustainability. The second example is the company “ Arvid Nordquists “ new coffee roastery in Järfälla. A modern industrial building intended to be integrated into the urban environment with the goal of creating a resource-efficient and environmentally friendly production facility.  The work has been conducted by gathering relevant information through literature, document and interview studies. The interviews have been conducted to obtain more information about Slakthusområdet and Arvid Nordquists coffee roastery. In addition, a site visit in Slakthusområdet has been conducted. The report also includes a SWOT-analysis where advantages and disadvantages are presented and weighed against each other. The main advantages of integrating industrial activities into the urban environment are that it contributes to the mixed-use city concept and creates a vibrant urban environment. The main disadvantages are that industrial activities can cause disturbing noise, odors and increase traffic volume. After all, it can be concluded that it is possible to create a mixed-use city by integrating industrial activity into the urban landscape, but only on a small scale and with certain conditions. The most advantageous option is to integrate small-scale industries with associated sales. This way, the area and its residents can benefit from the advantages while minimizing the disadvantages as much as possible. Larger industries with potentially disruptive impacts, should however be placed in locations where their activities do not affect surrounding residences to the same extent.

Purpose - This research contributes to the new product development conversation by investigating different firms’ new product development processes in volatile contexts, to better understand the way Cross-Functional Integration impacts internal efficiency. Method - We conducted a qualitative study and interviewed product managers and product owners responsible for the development of digital products.  Findings - Our main contribution lies in examining different structures and their viability in volatile contexts. Our findings bring nuances to prior research that indicate appropriate ways of implementing cross-functional integration. We found that the team structure could be determined by the availability of resources and the size of the firm, and not solely depend on the nature of the context.  Originality - The study provides a different view on internal efficiency where the managers emphasize product superiority and development time as priority and factors for increased new product development performance. Consequently, development cost is not as prioritized as indicated in previous research and seems to be left out as an objective, which we conclude may stem from the digital nature of the product.

A Orientação para o Mercado é uma perspectiva estratégica que preza a geração e a disseminação de conhecimento sobre o entorno para satisfazer as necessidades do mercado. Essa satisfação de necessidades de mercado deve ser buscada por meio de estratégias responsivas, que envolvam a participação de diversas funções e níveis organizacionais para geração da inteligência de mercado. Desta forma, a Orientação para o Mercado acontece por uma série de processos interfuncionais que buscam atender às necessidades do mercado, a partir de informações geradas por seus atores: clientes, concorrentes, consumidores, compradores, fornecedores. A Integração Interfuncional, por sua parte, são os esforços e trabalhos nos quais há participação ativa de várias funções ou departamentos de uma organização, buscando gerar melhores resultados a partir da união de percepções, por meio de fatores formais e informais. A literatura apresenta a Integração Interfuncional como um antecedente da Orientação para o Mercado, e uma lista de nove fatores de integração orientados para o mercado. Não obstante, esses estudos não mostram a forma como a Integração Interfuncional é operacionalizada para que as organizações consigam ser orientadas para o mercado. Essa pesquisa tem como objetivo analisar como o processo de integração interfuncional contribui para que as organizações consigam adotar estratégias de Orientação para o Mercado no contexto industrial de alimentos Latino Americano. Para isto, um estudo multicaso foi realizado na Costa Rica e no Brasil, com duas organizações orientadas para o mercado do setor de alimentos e bebidas. Entre junho e outubro de 2016, foram realizadas 24 entrevistas semiestruturadas com gerentes, líderes e supervisores dos departamentos de: marketing, comercial, logística, produção, planejamento, finanças, compras, recursos humanos. Além disso, com o intuito de triangular os dados, foi utilizada uma escala quantitativa para medir o nível de integração interfuncional nos processos estudados de cada organização. Os resultados mostraram que nas organizações são realizados processos de integração orientados para o mercado, isto é, pontos de contato que envolvem mais de duas ou três departamentos na organização com o intuito de melhorar a resposta que a organização oferece ao mercado. Estes processos são: Entrega de produtos e serviço, Lançamento de inovações, Solução de reclamações e projetos de inovação e melhoria interna para o fortalecimento da Orientação para o Mercado. Estes processos precisam de fatores de integração que facilitam o alcance de resultados relacionados à orientação para o mercado, como: responsividade, disseminação de conhecimento de mercado e satisfação do cliente. São apresentadas sete proposições teóricas geradas a partir desta pesquisa, com o intuito de acrescentar elementos ao conhecimento da operacionalização da Orientação para o Mercado dentro das organizações, por meio da Integração Interfuncional. / Market orientation is a strategic perspective looking for knowledge generation and dissemination about context, to satisfy market needs. This market needs satisfaction must be searched through responsive strategies, involving the participation of several functions and hierarchical levels for the generation of market intelligence. Hence, market orientation occurs through interfunctional processes looking for attending market needs through information obtained from: competitors, consumers, customers, shoppers and suppliers. On the other hand interfunctional integration is about the efforts and tasks with active participation of many functions or departments of an organization, looking for the generations of improving results through perceptions union with formal and informal integration factors. Literature shows interfunctional integration as an antecedent for market orientation, and a list of nine market oriented integration factors. Nevertheless, these studies do not show how interfunctional integration is operationalized in the organizations in order to achieve market orientation. This research has the objective of analyzing how interfunctional integration process helps organizations to adopt market orientation strategies, on the Latin American Foods Industrial Sector. To do this, a Multi-Case study was conducted in Costa Rica and Brazil, with two market oriented firms. A total of 24 in depth interviews were realized between June and October 2016, with managers and supervisors from diverse departments such as marketing, commercial, logistics, finance and human resources. Moreover, for triangulation, integration level of the organizations was evaluated though a quantitative scale. Results show that both organizations have market oriented integration processes, as contact points involving more than three departments, to improve responsiveness. These processes are: innovation launch, products and service delivery, claims solution and innovation and improvements projects for a stronger market orientation. These processes require integration factors to help the achievement of results related to market orientation: responsiveness, market intelligence dissemination and customer satisfaction. Seven theoretical propositions are presented, with the aim of increasing elements to the knowledge of the operationalization of market orientation on organizations, through interfunctional integration. / Dissertação (Mestrado)