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The purpose of my investigation is to see if and, if so, how teachers for the younger ages work with local history as a resource in history teaching. And if the teachers believe that the use of local history gives a greater historical awareness and makes it easier to remember the knowledge when the teaching becomes closer to the students compared to the more nationally adapted textbook.The focus is on the concepts of historical awareness, time perspective and place identity.The method I used is semi-structured interviews with teachers. I even took part in their planning, how they carried out the teaching and assessed it, based on the teachers' own stories. I have also analyzed the curriculum for the history subject and the textbook used as a basis.The results of the work are linked to previous research results and strengthen the previous theories that concrete teaching where the students are more involved and can relate to their local environment strengthens their awareness of history and gives a greater interest in their own history and in their home village.The survey is important when teachers plan their teaching in the subject of history and can give inspiration to how the teaching can be carried out to increase students' knowledge and commitment to the subject in both a national and a local context.

Vad är en plats?  Bär alla platser på själar som kan observeras, kännas och förstås eller kan en plats urarta till en “icke-plats”, där den inte är något annat än dess nyligen applicerade etikett? Gråzonen mellan plats och “icke-plats” blir vag när det finns oklarheter om vad platser är och hur de bör identifieras korrekt. Om det finns en brist på förståelse kring begreppet plats, hur kan vi då förvänta oss att utveckla dem på ett respektfullt och ansvarsfullt sätt?  I denna studie har två teorier med olika perspektiv gällande identifikation av en plats och urbant mellanrums identitet använts, detta för att förstå mellanrummet Stenhuggaregatan. Syftet med studien var att undersöka om ett fenomenologiskt och mer subjektivt perspektiv kan lyfta fram en djupare identitet, för ett mellanrum, som överskrider dess benämning som “icke-plats”. Syftet var även att förståelsen av platser ska kunna öka vid platsanalyser.  Detta gjordes genom en abduktiv process. Deltagande observationer och empati-skapandet till Stenhuggaregatan, genom antropomorfisering av föremål, var studiens huvudsakliga metoder. Analysen resulterade i att Stenhuggaregatans identitet definierades som dissonant. Konsekvensen av resultatet tyder på att de begrepp som teorierna förser är missvisande vid definition och identifikation av en plats. / What is a place? Do all places bare souls that can be observed, felt, and understood or can a place devolve into a “non-place” where it has become nothing more than its newly applied label? The grey area between place and “non-place” becomes vague when there are uncertainties concerning what places are and how to properly identify them. If there exists a lack of understanding around the notion of place how can we then expect to develop them in a respectful and responsible manner? In this study, two theories that provide two differing perspectives concerning the identification of a place and an urban gap’s identity are used to understand the gap Stenhuggaregatan. The purpose of the study is to investigate if a phenomenological and more subjective perspective can illuminate an urban gap’s deeper identity that exceeds its label as a “non-place”. The aim was also to aid in an increased understanding of places during a site analysis. This was done through an abductive process. Participant observations and the empathy creation to Stenhuggaregtan through the anthropomorphization of objects were the main methods of the study. The analysis results in Stenhuggaregatan identity being defined as dissonant. The consequence of the result indicates that the notions provided by the theories are misleading when defining and identifying a place.

Ce mémoire propose d’aborder la relation entre le chez-soi et la construction des identités géographiques. Plus précisément, il s’agit de se pencher sur l’importance que revêt cette dimension intime et familière de l’habitat dans la part des identités qui mobilise les lieux, territoires et paysages comme référents. S’interroger à cet égard s’avère d’autant plus pertinent aujourd’hui, dans un contexte de fragmentation socio-spatiale à l’échelle urbaine et de prolifération d’enclaves résidentielles qui témoignent d’un enfermement et d’une introversion de l’habitat. Nous abordons la question à travers le cas du projet AlphaVille São Paulo (Brésil), un large développement résidentiel composé de plusieurs communautés fermées. Les entretiens semi-directifs réalisés auprès de onze habitants de ce projet permettent de confirmer l’importance du chez-soi dans leur construction identitaire. En effet, le chez-soi en communauté fermée représente l’aboutissement d’un parcours géographique et permet au regard des habitants rencontrés une expérience de l’espace résidentiel qui s’approche de celle qu’ils ont connue au cours de l’enfance et qu’ils ont perdue à mesure que la ville s’est transformée en un milieu de plus en plus hostile. Ainsi, il leur permet dans une certaine mesure de revivre un idéal perdu. Néanmoins, habiter en communauté fermée contraint les territorialités : au sein de la métropole, le chez-soi fait figure de refuge. Il n’en demeure pas moins que les réponses des résidents révèlent une conscience que leur choix d’habitat constitue en quelque sorte une fuite de la réalité. Ainsi, ils entretiennent à l’égard de leur milieu de vie une relation qui oscille entre illusion et désillusion. / This thesis proposes to study the relationship between the home and the formation of geographic identities. More precisely, it aims understanding the role of this intimate and familiar place in the part of human identity that is defined through the individual’s interaction with places, territories and landscapes. This question appears particularly relevant in the present urban context, largely characterised by socio-spatial fragmentation and the proliferation of residential enclaves, which express a confinement of the home environment. We approach this question through the case of the AlphaVille São Paulo project (Brazil), a large residential development composed of various gated communities. The semi-directed interviews that were conducted with eleven residents allow us to confirm the relevance of the home in their identity formation. Indeed, the dwelling inside a gated community represents the final destination of the residents’ geographical trajectories. According to the inhabitants, this allows for a residential experience similar to the one they underwent during childhood and that was subsequently lost as the city transformed into a more hostile environment. Thereby, it allows, to a certain extent, for the revival of a lost ideal. However, living in a gated community constrains territorialities: within the urban context, the home place becomes a refuge. Nonetheless, the residents’ answers reveal a degree of consciousness that their choice of residence represents an escape from reality. Thus, their relationship towards their living environment oscillates between illusion and disillusion.

Diese Dissertation diskutiert am Beispiel der symbolischen Kämpfe zwischen kürzlich Zugezogenen und den Resten alteingesessener subkultureller Gruppen im Berliner Stadtteil Prenzlauer Berg die Frage, welche Rolle Orte bei der Konstruktion räumlicher und sozialer Identitäten spielen und entlang welcher Grenzziehungen diese Identifikationen organisiert werden. Empirisch stützt sich die Arbeit auf Tiefeninterviews mit den oben genannten Gruppen und einer Mediendiskursanalyse zum umstrittenen Symbol „Prenzlauer Berg“. Soziale Identität, das simultane Wechselspiel interner Identifikation und externer Kategorisierung (Jenkins 1996), ist eng verbunden mit der Frage nach Zugehörigkeit. Das Konzept des elective belonging (Savage et al. 2005) zeigt die Verbindung von Lebensstil und Wohnort. Diese Arbeit weist darüber hinaus auf den Zusammenhang zwischen einer starken symbolischen und praktischen Nachbarschaftsnutzung (Blokland 2011) der Zugezogenen und deren hoher Ortsidentifikation hin. Die eingesessene Subkultur Prenzlauer Bergs interpretiert diese symbolische Nutzung als einen Angriff auf die alte Ordnung im Kiez und bezieht ihre Verbindung mit dem Ort, infolge der fundamentalen Wandlungsprozesse, aus dem Erinnern (Halbwachs 1991) an eine Zeit, in der sie selbst sich den Raum aneigneten. Damit stellen sie der neuen Bedeutung Prenzlauer Bergs eine frühere Bedeutung, d.h. eine spezifische Vorstellung räumlicher Normalität, entgegen. Ausdruck dieser konkurrierenden Definitionen von Zugehörigkeit sind symbolische Grenzziehungen (Lamont; Molnár 2002) gegenüber neuen Bewohner_innen, die sich auch im medialen Diskurs über den Prenzlauer Berg wiederfinden. Dabei wird klar, dass die subkulturellen Stimmen zwar die Definition von Zugehörigkeit dominieren, der identifikatorische Zugriff auf die Nachbarschaft aber nur noch selektiv gelingt. Demgegenüber müssen die kürzlich Zugezogenen stetig um die Legitimation ihrer Zugehörigkeit kämpfen. / This thesis explores the role of place within constructions of social and spatial identities, and symbolic boundary work using the case of existing subcultural groups and affluent newcomers in the Berlin district of Prenzlauer Berg. Empirically, this work draws on in-depth-interviews with both groups as well as a media discourse analysis of the contested meanings of the symbol ‘Prenzlauer Berg’. Social identity, understood as the simultaneous interplay of internal identification and external categorization (Jenkins 1996) is strongly related to a sense of belonging. While the concept of elective belonging (Savage et al. 2005) shows a connection between lifestyle and neighbourhood, this thesis also points to the strong relationship between symbolic and practical neighbourhood use (Blokland 2011), and place identification of newcomers. Subcultural groups read the newcomers’ symbolic neighbourhood use as an attack on the old order of the “Kiez”. Due to substantial neighbourhood change, these subcultures draw on remembering times (Halbwachs 1991) when their neighbourhood use was strong, both symbolically and practically. In this process, an old meaning of the neighbourhood (i.e. a specific notion of what the place used to be) is constructed in contrast to new meanings. These constructions are expressed in symbolic boundary work (Lamont; Molnár 2002) towards newcomers, a process which powerfully connects to media discourse. It becomes clear, then, that although a definition of belonging is dominated by the subculture, their access to the neighbourhood in terms of identification is only selective. In contrast, newcomers have to constantly defend their legitimacy to belong.

Ce mémoire propose d’aborder la relation entre le chez-soi et la construction des identités géographiques. Plus précisément, il s’agit de se pencher sur l’importance que revêt cette dimension intime et familière de l’habitat dans la part des identités qui mobilise les lieux, territoires et paysages comme référents. S’interroger à cet égard s’avère d’autant plus pertinent aujourd’hui, dans un contexte de fragmentation socio-spatiale à l’échelle urbaine et de prolifération d’enclaves résidentielles qui témoignent d’un enfermement et d’une introversion de l’habitat. Nous abordons la question à travers le cas du projet AlphaVille São Paulo (Brésil), un large développement résidentiel composé de plusieurs communautés fermées. Les entretiens semi-directifs réalisés auprès de onze habitants de ce projet permettent de confirmer l’importance du chez-soi dans leur construction identitaire. En effet, le chez-soi en communauté fermée représente l’aboutissement d’un parcours géographique et permet au regard des habitants rencontrés une expérience de l’espace résidentiel qui s’approche de celle qu’ils ont connue au cours de l’enfance et qu’ils ont perdue à mesure que la ville s’est transformée en un milieu de plus en plus hostile. Ainsi, il leur permet dans une certaine mesure de revivre un idéal perdu. Néanmoins, habiter en communauté fermée contraint les territorialités : au sein de la métropole, le chez-soi fait figure de refuge. Il n’en demeure pas moins que les réponses des résidents révèlent une conscience que leur choix d’habitat constitue en quelque sorte une fuite de la réalité. Ainsi, ils entretiennent à l’égard de leur milieu de vie une relation qui oscille entre illusion et désillusion. / This thesis proposes to study the relationship between the home and the formation of geographic identities. More precisely, it aims understanding the role of this intimate and familiar place in the part of human identity that is defined through the individual’s interaction with places, territories and landscapes. This question appears particularly relevant in the present urban context, largely characterised by socio-spatial fragmentation and the proliferation of residential enclaves, which express a confinement of the home environment. We approach this question through the case of the AlphaVille São Paulo project (Brazil), a large residential development composed of various gated communities. The semi-directed interviews that were conducted with eleven residents allow us to confirm the relevance of the home in their identity formation. Indeed, the dwelling inside a gated community represents the final destination of the residents’ geographical trajectories. According to the inhabitants, this allows for a residential experience similar to the one they underwent during childhood and that was subsequently lost as the city transformed into a more hostile environment. Thereby, it allows, to a certain extent, for the revival of a lost ideal. However, living in a gated community constrains territorialities: within the urban context, the home place becomes a refuge. Nonetheless, the residents’ answers reveal a degree of consciousness that their choice of residence represents an escape from reality. Thus, their relationship towards their living environment oscillates between illusion and disillusion.

Syftet med studien var att undersöka självbiografiska positiva och negativa platsminnen relaterat till platsidentitet och de tio fenomenologiska dimensionerna. Autobiografiska minnen är minnen som refererar till viktiga livsperioder och utgör en del av vår identitet. Total 81 kvinnor och 28 män i åldern 39 – 76 år deltog i studien. Designen för analyserna av kvantitativa data var en mellanpersonsdesign, med en oberoende variabel Plats (positiv/negativ) och två beroende variabler platsidentitet (emotionell/kognitiv komponent) samt de tio fenomenologiska dimensioner i det självbiografiska minnet. Mätinstrumentet bestod av en enkät i tre delar som innehöll frågor baserat på tidigare forskning. Resultatet visade en effekt av Typ av Platsminne. Effekten var associerad med både den emotionella och kognitiva komponenten i platsidentiteten. Resultatet visade också en effekt av Typ av Plats på de tio fenomenologiska dimensionerna. Effekten var associerad med sex av dessa. Det kvalitativa resultatet visade att positiva platsminnen innehåller minnen från rurala miljöer medan negativa minnen i huvudsak var urbana miljöer. Resultatet visade även att en övervägande del av minnena i huvudsak innehöll barndomsminnen oavsett positiva eller negativa platsminnen. / The aim was to investigate positive and negative place-related autobiographical memories related to place-identity and phenomenological dimensions of the autobiographical memory. Autobiographical memories are memories that refer to important life periods, grounding our identity. 81 women and 28 men. Between-subject-design was used for quantitative data, with an independent variable of Place (positive / negative) and two dependent variables of Place-identity (emotional / cognitive component) as well as the ten phenomenological dimensions of the autobiographical memory. The measuring instrument consisted of a three-part questionnaire that contained questions based on previous research. Results showed an effect of Type of Place associated with both emotional and cognitive components of place identity. We also reported an effect of Type of Place on six of ten phenomenological dimensions. The qualitative results showed that positive memories contain memories from rural environments, while negative memories contain mainly urban environments. The results also showed that a majority of the memories contained mainly childhood associated memories, regardless of positive or negative place memories.

Studien har genomförts efter ett förslag från ÅWL Arkitekter och handlar om hur utformningen av den fysiska miljön kan påverka känslan av trygghet. Studien behandlar ett torg i förorten Husby i norra delen av Stockholms stad där människor upplever otrygghet. Stadsdelen byggdes under det så kallade miljonprogrammet. Syftet med denna studie är att undersöka vilka faktorer i den fysiska miljön som har inverkan på människors upplevelser. Målet är att ta fram förslag på hur platsen kan fungera som en mötesplats där invånare känner sig trygga, säkra och välkomna. För att uppnå syftet och målet har undersökningar gjorts via intervjuer och egna observationer. De åtgärder i den fysiska miljön som tycks ha störst inverkan på människors upp-levda trygghet, och som ligger till grund för förslagen, är belysning, mötesplatser, verksamheter och växtlighet. Trygghet är en komplex fråga som innehåller många olika aspekter. För att lösa trygghetsproblemen krävs många olika åtgärder på flera olika områden. Utformning av den fysiska miljön kan vara en bidragande faktor. / This study is conducted on behalf of ÅWL Arkitekter and is about how the configuration and design of the physical environment can influence the perceptions of security. The study is about a square in the suburb Husby, in northern part of Stockholm. Husby is characterized by insecurity. The district was built during the so called “million apartment program”. The purpose with the study is to examine which factors in the physical environment has an influence on people’s experience and perceptions. The goal is to present a design for the square in order to make it to a meeting place, which can contribute to inhabitants’ feelings of security and safety. The study is based on interviews and observations. The actions within the physical environment that has the greatest influence on people’s perceptions of security, seems to be lightning, meeting places, common activities and vegetation. The design and proposals is based on these conceptions. Security is a complex matter and it contains various aspects. It takes a lot of actions in several areas to solve issues regarding security. The design of the physical environment can be a contributory factor among others.

Submitted by Marilene Donadel (marilene.donadel@unioeste.br) on 2018-06-05T23:45:39Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Fabricio_Rufato_2018.pdf: 1993386 bytes, checksum: 1ee5b8f9c494afe436df9803cf753fc0 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-06-05T23:45:39Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Fabricio_Rufato_2018.pdf: 1993386 bytes, checksum: 1ee5b8f9c494afe436df9803cf753fc0 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-03-15 / The environmental relationship in children provides greater welfare in childhood favoring greater human development and quality of life. Thus, this dissertation aimed to analyze if the items of the Place Attachment (PAS), Place Identity (PIS) and Environmental Satisfaction (CESS) in children are predictors of Personal Welfare (PWI-SC). The study included 886 children, and 54.13% girls and 45.87% boys with a mean age of 10.66 years (SD 0.62). Two studies were carried out: first a quantitative study, where as instrument were used the scales of Attachment to Place (PAS) α = 0.78, Place Identity (PIS) α = 0.79, Child Satisfaction (CESS) α = 0.66, α = 0.62 and Personal Well-Being Index-School Children (PWI-SC) α = 0.74. Data were analyzed quantitatively through multiple linear regression (Stepwise Method) and Student's t-Test. The results indicated that the items (environmental satisfaction), I am satisfied with the cleanliness of the school; I am happy when I am in contact with nature; I am satisfied with the separation of the trash (recycling) in my house; I am happy when I spend time with animals; and the items (attachment to the place), I would be very sorry if I had to move to another neighborhood and, I like to live in my neighborhood, are able to explain 25% of personal welfare in children. The average of welfare, attachment to the place and environmental satisfaction were compared by gender, and there was a significant difference only in the connectivity factor for the environmental satisfaction scale. The boys presented higher averages in this construct, which can be explained by the fact that they play more outside the house than the girls, in activities like fishing, activities with the parents, to ride of bicycle, etc. Subsequently, in the second article, a quantitative and qualitative study was carried out. The means of personal well-being by schools were compared through the t-test and Anova, and the results indicated significant differences between schools in the items related to health, safety, relationships with people, and things they have. Finally, the children's perception of the environment in which they live and the concepts of welfare, attachment to place, place identity and environmental satisfaction were analyzed qualitatively through the focal group technique. Four groups of the sixth year, from four schools of the public network of Cascavel-PR, located in the central, intermediate and peripheral regions participated in the research. It was found that children relate the influence of attachment and place identity to well-being, as well as being aware of environmental problems and cited attitudes toward daily actions of environmental intervention. This dissertation has helped to draw attention to the importance of the environment for children, as well as the importance of considering these issues in school, family and public policy, in order to promote a better quality of life for children. / O relacionamento ambiental em crianças proporciona maior bem-estar na infância favorecendo maior desenvolvimento humano e qualidade de vida. Assim, esta dissertação teve como objetivo analisar quais variáveis relativas ao apego ao lugar, identidade de lugar e satisfação ambiental são preditoras de bem-estar pessoal. Participaram do estudo 886 crianças, sendo 54,13% meninas e 45,87% meninos com média de idade de 10,66 anos (DP 0,62). Foi realizado dois estudos: primeiro um estudo quantitativo, onde como instrumento foram utilizadas as escalas Apego ao Lugar α=0,78, Identidade de Lugar α=0,79, Escala Infantil de Satisfação Ambiental (α=0,66, α=0,62) e Personal Well-Being Index-School Children α=0,74. Os dados foram analisados quantitativamente, através de regressão linear múltipla (Método Stepwise) e Teste t de Student. Os resultados indicaram que os itens (satisfação ambiental), estou satisfeito com a limpeza da escola; fico feliz quando estou em contato com a natureza; estou satisfeito com a separação do lixo (reciclagem) na minha casa; fico feliz quando passo tempo com os animais; e os itens (apego ao lugar), eu sentiria muito se tivesse que me mudar para outro bairro e, eu gosto de viver no meu bairro são capazes de explicar 25% do bem-estar pessoal em crianças. As médias do bem-estar, apego ao lugar e satisfação ambiental foram comparadas por sexo, sendo que houve diferença significativa apenas no fator conectividade para a escala de satisfação ambiental. Os meninos apresentaram maiores médias nesse construto, o que pode ser explicado pelo fato de brincarem mais fora de casa do que as meninas, em atividades como pesca, afazeres com os pais, andar de bicicleta, etc. Posteriormente, no segundo artigo, foi realizado estudo quantitativo e qualitativo. Comparou-se as médias do bem-estar pessoal por escolas através do Teste t e Anova, sendo que os resultados indicaram diferenças significativas entre as escolas nos itens relacionados à saúde, segurança, relacionamento com as pessoas, e coisas que possuem. Por fim, analisou-se qualitativamente a percepção das crianças em relação ao ambiente em que vivem e sobre os conceitos de bem-estar, apego ao lugar, identidade de lugar e satisfação ambiental, através da técnica do grupo focal. Participaram quatro turmas do sexto ano de quatro escolas da rede pública de Cascavel-PR, localizadas nas regiões central, intermediária e periférica. Constatou-se que as crianças relacionam a influência do apego e da identidade de lugar ao bem-estar, como também possuem consciência dos problemas ambientais e citaram atitudes voltadas a ações cotidianas de intervenção ambiental. Essa dissertação contribuiu para chamar atenção sobre a importância que o meio ambiente adquire para as crianças, e também a relevância em serem consideradas essas questões no âmbito escolar, familiar e de políticas públicas, para promoverem maior qualidade de vida para as crianças.

Avec 80 millions de personnes déracinées à travers le monde, les espaces de refuge sont en train d’émerger comme les transformations urbaines les plus visibles des temps modernes. Ces espaces, dont la fonction première est d’abriter temporairement, servent souvent d’habitat pour les réfugiés pendant des décennies. Cependant, les États hôtes, majoritairement des pays en développement, persistent à accueillir les réfugiés selon des politiques à court-terme. Cet écart génère plusieurs tensions mais se manifeste explicitement dans la conception temporaire des espaces de refuge. Sur le plan théorique, alors que les migrations sont largement documentées, des connaissances limitées existent sur la reproduction de chez-soi. Les théories qui portent sur les espaces de refuge se concentrent surtout sur des enjeux géopolitiques et anthropologiques, négligeant l’espace en soi. Pauvres en nuances, elles classent ces espaces selon des conceptualisations dichotomiques souvent déconnectées du vécu des réfugiés. Cette recherche propose une nouvelle lecture des espaces de refuge à travers les lentilles du pouvoir, de la culture et de l’espace. Elle étudie l’appropriation de ces espaces en se basant sur l’exploration des pratiques sociales, économiques et politiques des réfugiés, de leurs interventions sur l’espace et du lien qu’ils développent avec leurs nouveaux environnements de vie. Elle révèle également l’influence des approches adoptées par la communauté internationale, les gouvernements d’accueil, les organismes humanitaires et les communautés hôtes. L’étude est qualitative exploratoire et adopte la méthode de l’étude de cas multiples. Cette approche permet d’acquérir une compréhension approfondie des perceptions des réfugiés des contextes sociopolitiques et économiques qui caractérisent leur vécu d’une part et de leurs représentations de l’espace d’autre part. Trois typologies d’habitat — deux habitations urbaines, deux campements informels et deux camps organisés — sont étudiées afin d’évaluer l’importance du type de l’espace par rapport à son appropriation. L’étude adopte l’ethnographie comme approche méthodologique complémentaire, dévoilant l’évolution des conditions de vie des réfugiés et la transformation de leurs espaces. Le cas à l’étude est celui des réfugiés syriens au Liban. Submergé par le nombre de réfugiés sur son territoire, le plus grand par nombre d’habitants au monde, le Liban exclut les réfugiés syriens des systèmes institutionnels, économiques et urbains dans le but de réduire leur accès au territoire, de limiter la durée de leur séjour et de prévenir la consolidation matérielle et immatérielle de leurs espaces. Toutefois, huit ans après, les stratégies adoptées par le gouvernement libanais se sont avérées infructueuses : le nombre des réfugiés syriens accueillis est sensiblement le même et leurs espaces se sont pour la plupart ghettoïsés. La thèse propose cinq résultats principaux : 1) l’enjeux central dans l’appropriation des espaces de refuge est un ensemble de géométries de pouvoirs politique, économique et social ; 2) la gouvernance faible de l’État d’accueil fragmente les systèmes traditionnels et permet l’émergence de structures de pouvoir informelles qui contrôlent les réfugiés et leurs espaces ; 3) l’exclusion des réfugiés exacerbe leur vulnérabilité et l’organise au profit de parties prenantes locales influentes. Elle réduit leurs chances d’émigrer et mène souvent à la ghettoïsation de leurs espaces ; 4) la typologie des espaces n’est pas centrale par rapport à leur appropriation ; 5) l’enracinement de l’identité dans le lieu d’origine est une idée basée sur des considérations politiques anti-migratoires. Les espaces de refuges évoluent, selon les opportunités et les défis dans le milieu d’accueil, suivant un continuum entre non-lieux temporaires et lieux de vie socioculturels. En transcendant leur marginalisation et leur homogénéisation, cette recherche dévoile la réalité intime des espaces de refuge. Elle montre que souvent, ils deviennent des chez-soi, lieux de vie quotidiens qui abritent des individus qui forment des groupes sociaux culturellement distincts et économiquement hiérarchisés. D’un point de vue théorique, elle montre que l’accueil des réfugiés est souvent basé sur l’hostipitalité, une hospitalité hostile qui vulnérabilise les réfugiés et facilite leur exploitation. Elle révèle que l’appropriation des espaces de refuge augmente proportionnellement avec l’inclusion institutionnelle et l’autonomisation socioéconomique des réfugiés, concourant à la reproductibilité rhizomique de leur identité individuelle et collective. D'un point de vue pratique, cette recherche démontre que, sous prétexte de raccourcir la durée de l’accueil des réfugiés, les politiques d’accueil sont en réalité adoptées dans l’intérêt économique et politique d’acteurs étatiques et privés. Dans le but d’atteindre une meilleure justice spatiale, elle recommande aux gouvernements d’accueil un changement de paradigme à travers l’adoption de stratégies plus inclusives à l’égard des réfugiés menant à leur autogestion et leur développement et d’approches adaptées à l’usage et à la durée de leurs espaces. / With 80 million people uprooted around the world, refuge spaces are coming to be the most visible urban transformations of modern times. These spaces, whose primary function is to shelter, often accommodate refugees for decades. Yet, host states, mostly developing countries, continue to host refugees without adopting comprehensive, long-term strategies for their integration, causing acute political, socio-economic, and humanitarian problems. The lack of a long-term solution is explicitly revealed by the conceptions of refugee spaces, often designed as temporary solutions. From a theoretical perspective, while social scientists and geographers have widely documented the geopolitical and anthropological aspects of forced migrations, they have neglected the concept of space appropriation and the production of place identity in refugee spaces. Indeed, their classification of space/place is often based on dichotomous conceptualizations and differs from refugees’ real-life experience. This research examines refugee spaces through the lenses of power, culture, and space. It provides new evidence on the appropriation of these spaces through refugees’ social, economic, and political practices, their interventions on space, and their perceptions of their new living environment. It also examines the impact of the strategies adopted by the international community, host governments, humanitarian organizations, and local communities. The research method is qualitative and exploratory; it is based on a multiple case study design. This methodological approach provides an in-depth understanding of refugees' perceptions on the socio-political environment undergirding displacement and on their representations of space. Three space typologies — urban dwellings, informal settlements, and organized camps — are studied with the purpose of assessing the relevance of the space-type in relation to its appropriation. The study uses ethnography as a complementary methodological approach, shedding light on the evolution of refugees’ living conditions over time and the transformation of their spaces from a cultural standpoint. It specifically focuses on Syrian refugees in Lebanon, a country which hosts the largest number of refugees per capita in the world. Overwhelmed by the number of refugees hosted, Lebanon excludes Syrian refugees from formal legal, economic, and urban systems, limiting their access to the territory, reducing the duration of their stay, and preventing the tangible and intangible consolidation of their living spaces. Yet, eight years later, the strategies adopted by the Lebanese government have proven unsuccessful: the number of Syrian refugees is roughly the same as at the beginning of the conflict and most of their spaces have been ghettoized. Results show that: 1) complex geometries of political, economic, and social powers determine the appropriation of refugee spaces; 2) weak state authority fragments traditional governance systems which leads to the emergence of informal power structures that control refugees and their spaces; 3) refugees’ exclusion exacerbates their vulnerability, while benefitting local stakeholders, subsequently reducing their chances of emigration and leading to the ghettoization of their living spaces; 4) the typology of spaces is not a major variable in relation to their appropriation; 5) the rooting of identity in the place of origin is an idea based on anti-migration political viewpoints; refugee spaces can evolve along a continuum between temporary non-places and socio-cultural places of life depending on the opportunities and challenges in the host context. Transcending the stigmatization, marginalization, and homogenization of refugee spaces, this research reveals the intimate reality of these spaces. It shows that they often become places of everyday life for refugees who form culturally dissimilar and economically hierarchical social groups. From a theoretical point of view, this research shows that hosting policies are often based on hostipitality, or a hostile form of hospitality which exacerbate refugees’ vulnerability and facilitates their exploitation. It shows that refugees’ appropriation and control of their living spaces increase proportionally with their legal inclusion and their socio-economic empowerment by the host state, inciting the rhizomic reproducibility of their individual and collective identity in their new habitat. From a practical point of view, the research shows that hosting policies adopted on the pretext of shortening the duration of refugees’ settlement are in fact in the interest of state and private actors. With the purpose of achieving spatial justice, the study recommends a change of paradigm in refugee policies with approaches that are more inclusive towards refugees leading to their self-management and their development, and adapted to the use and duration of their living spaces.