Ce mémoire examine les poétiques de trois poètes très différentes, mais dont les œuvres peuvent être qualifiées d'indéterminées et de radicales : Emily Dickinson (1830-1886), Gertrude Stein (1874-1946) et Caroline Bergvall (née en 1962). Dickinson et Stein sont anglo-américaines, tandis que Bergvall est d’origine franco-norvégienne, bien qu'elle choisisse d’écrire en anglais. Toutes les trois rompent la structure syntaxique conventionnelle de l’anglais par leurs poétiques, ce qui comporte des implications esthétiques et politiques. Dans ce qui suit, j’analyse l’indétermination de leurs poétiques à partir de la notion, décrite par Lyn Hejinian, de la description comme appréhension qui présente l’écriture comme un mode de connaissance plutôt qu'un moyen d’enregistrer ce que le poète sait déjà. La temporalité de cette activité épistémologique est donc celle du présent de l’écriture, elle lui est concomitante. J'affirme que c'est cette temporalité qui, en ouvrant l’écriture aux événements imprévus, aux vicissitudes, aux hésitations, aux erreurs et torsions de l’affect, cause l'indétermination de la poésie. Dans le premier chapitre, j'envisage l'appréhension chez Gertrude Stein à travers son engagement, tout au long de sa carrière, envers « le présent continu » de l’écriture. Le deuxième chapitre porte sur le sens angoissé de l’appréhension dans la poésie de Dickinson, où le malaise, en empêchant ou en refoulant une pensée, suspend la connaissance. Le langage, sollicité par une expérience qu'il ne peut lui-même exprimer, donne forme à l'indétermination. Un dernier chapitre considère l’indétermination linguistique du texte et de l’exposition Say Parsley, dans lesquels Bergvall met en scène l’appréhension du langage : une appréhension qui survient plutôt chez le lecteur ou spectateur que chez la poète. / This thesis investigates the poetics of three very different female poets, whose works nevertheless are characterized as both indeterminate and radical: Emily Dickinson (1830-1886), Gertrude Stein (1874-1946), and Caroline Bergvall (b. 1962). Dickinson and Stein are Anglo-American, while Bergvall is of French-Norwegian descent yet writes in English, but all three fracture the conventional syntactic structures of the English language in their poetics. This move bears both aesthetic and political implications. In this thesis, I read the indeterminacies of their poetics through Lyn Hejinian’s notion of description as apprehension, which figures writing as a mode of knowing rather than a means of recording something the poet already knows. The temporality of epistemology in their work is thus the present tense of writing; thinking is concomitant with it. Following Hejinian, I contend that it is this temporality that, in making writing open to the vicissitudes, hesitations, reprisals, unexpected events, errors, and the torsions of affect, perturbs determination. The first chapter explores apprehension in Gertrude Stein’s work through her career-long commitment to the present tense of writing: perception occurs concurrently with composition. The second chapter, on Dickinson, hinges on the anxious dimension of apprehension, in which unease, in thwarting or repressing a thought, suspends its understanding. Indeterminacy figures as language claimed by an experience it can’t itself claim. Finally, the last chapter considers the linguistic indeterminacies of Say Parsley, where Bergvall stages the apprehension of language itself in using indeterminacy as a poetic strategy to determinate ends, placing the possibilities, uncertainties and responsibilities of apprehension onto the reader or spectator.

This study investigates the first Woman's Department at a World's Fair in the Deep South. It documents conflicts and reconciliations and the reassessments that post-bellum women made during the World's Industrial and Cotton Centennial Exposition in New Orleans, the region's foremost but atypical city. It traces local women's resistance to the appointment of northern abolitionist and suffragist, Julia Ward Howe, for this “New South” event of 1884-1885. It also notes their increasing receptivity to national causes that Susan B. Anthony, Frances E. Willard, and others brought to the South, sometimes for the first time. This dissertation assesses the historical forces that goaded New Orleans women, from the comfort of their familiar city, to consider radical notions that would later strengthen them in civic roles. It asserts that, although these women were skilled and capable, they had previously lacked cohesive force and public strategies. It concludes that as local women competed and interacted with women from across the country, including those from pioneering western territories, they began to embrace progressive ideas and actions that, without the Woman's Department at the Exposition, might have taken years to drift southward. This is a chronological tale of the journey late-nineteenth-century women made together in New Orleans. It attempts to capture their look, sound, and language from their own writings and from journalists' interpretations of their ideals, values, and emotions. In the potent forum for exchange that the Woman's Department provided, participants and visitors questioned and revised false notions and stereotypes. They influenced each other and formed alliances. Although individuals spoke mainly for themselves, common themes emerged regarding education, jobs, benevolence, and even suffrage. Most women were aware that they were in a defining moment, and this study chronicles how New Orleans women seized the opportunity and created a legacy for themselves and their city. As the Exposition sought to (re)assert agrarian and industrial prowess after turbulent times, a shift occurred in the trajectory of women's public and political lives in New Orleans and, perhaps, the South more broadly. By 1885, southerners were ready to insinuate their voices into the national debate on women's issues.

At the World's Industrial and Cotton Centennial Exposition, the Woman's Department offered women of all regions of the country an opportunity to exhibit what they considered "woman's work." As women came together and attempted sectional reconciliation, controversy persisted, especially over the selection of northern suffragist Julia Ward Howe, author of the "Battle Hymn of the Republic," as the Department's president. However, during the course of the event, which lasted from December 16, 1884 to May 31, 1885, New Orleanians and other southern women learned skills and strategies from participants and famous women visitors, and these southerners insinuated their voices into the national debate on late-nineteenth-century women's issues.

Ce mémoire examine les poétiques de trois poètes très différentes, mais dont les œuvres peuvent être qualifiées d'indéterminées et de radicales : Emily Dickinson (1830-1886), Gertrude Stein (1874-1946) et Caroline Bergvall (née en 1962). Dickinson et Stein sont anglo-américaines, tandis que Bergvall est d’origine franco-norvégienne, bien qu'elle choisisse d’écrire en anglais. Toutes les trois rompent la structure syntaxique conventionnelle de l’anglais par leurs poétiques, ce qui comporte des implications esthétiques et politiques. Dans ce qui suit, j’analyse l’indétermination de leurs poétiques à partir de la notion, décrite par Lyn Hejinian, de la description comme appréhension qui présente l’écriture comme un mode de connaissance plutôt qu'un moyen d’enregistrer ce que le poète sait déjà. La temporalité de cette activité épistémologique est donc celle du présent de l’écriture, elle lui est concomitante. J'affirme que c'est cette temporalité qui, en ouvrant l’écriture aux événements imprévus, aux vicissitudes, aux hésitations, aux erreurs et torsions de l’affect, cause l'indétermination de la poésie. Dans le premier chapitre, j'envisage l'appréhension chez Gertrude Stein à travers son engagement, tout au long de sa carrière, envers « le présent continu » de l’écriture. Le deuxième chapitre porte sur le sens angoissé de l’appréhension dans la poésie de Dickinson, où le malaise, en empêchant ou en refoulant une pensée, suspend la connaissance. Le langage, sollicité par une expérience qu'il ne peut lui-même exprimer, donne forme à l'indétermination. Un dernier chapitre considère l’indétermination linguistique du texte et de l’exposition Say Parsley, dans lesquels Bergvall met en scène l’appréhension du langage : une appréhension qui survient plutôt chez le lecteur ou spectateur que chez la poète. / This thesis investigates the poetics of three very different female poets, whose works nevertheless are characterized as both indeterminate and radical: Emily Dickinson (1830-1886), Gertrude Stein (1874-1946), and Caroline Bergvall (b. 1962). Dickinson and Stein are Anglo-American, while Bergvall is of French-Norwegian descent yet writes in English, but all three fracture the conventional syntactic structures of the English language in their poetics. This move bears both aesthetic and political implications. In this thesis, I read the indeterminacies of their poetics through Lyn Hejinian’s notion of description as apprehension, which figures writing as a mode of knowing rather than a means of recording something the poet already knows. The temporality of epistemology in their work is thus the present tense of writing; thinking is concomitant with it. Following Hejinian, I contend that it is this temporality that, in making writing open to the vicissitudes, hesitations, reprisals, unexpected events, errors, and the torsions of affect, perturbs determination. The first chapter explores apprehension in Gertrude Stein’s work through her career-long commitment to the present tense of writing: perception occurs concurrently with composition. The second chapter, on Dickinson, hinges on the anxious dimension of apprehension, in which unease, in thwarting or repressing a thought, suspends its understanding. Indeterminacy figures as language claimed by an experience it can’t itself claim. Finally, the last chapter considers the linguistic indeterminacies of Say Parsley, where Bergvall stages the apprehension of language itself in using indeterminacy as a poetic strategy to determinate ends, placing the possibilities, uncertainties and responsibilities of apprehension onto the reader or spectator.

Aufbauend auf einem umfassenden Korpus quantitativer Daten aus 14 Tonaufnahmen von György Kurtágs 40-sätzigen Kafka-Fragmenten (1985–87) und unter Verwendung einer Methode, die musikalische Analyse, historische Forschung sowie close und distant listening integriert, zeigt der vorliegende Aufsatz wesentliche Unterschiede in der zyklischen Formgestaltung dieses Werkes durch Interpret*innen auf. Trotz der beharrlichen Bemühungen des Komponisten, in der Probenarbeit eine ›idiomatische‹ Aufführungspraxis für seine Werke zu etablieren, führen die relative Offenheit seiner Notationspraxis und die Komplexität der zyklischen Organisation zu tiefgreifenden Unterschieden in der Markierung oder Gewichtung der performativen Form zwischen ironischen und dramatischen, zwischen prozessualen und architektonischen (oder ›interpunktischen‹) Konzepten. Das ›Bottom-up‹-Konzept des Kompositionsprozesses und die konsequente Fokussierung des Komponisten auf musikalische Details stehen in einem Spannungsverhältnis zur komplexen ›Top-down‹-Form des Gesamtzyklus, die von Interpret*innen mit großem Variantenreichtum in Klang übersetzt wird. / Building on a comprehensive corpus of quantitative data from 14 recorded performances of György Kurtág’s 40-movement Kafka-Fragmente (1985–87) and employing a method that integrates musical analysis, historical research, and close and distant listening, the present essay demonstrates substantial differences among performers in communicating the cyclic form of this work. Despite the composer’s insistence, evident in his rehearsal practice, to establish an ‘idiomatic’ performance practice for his works, the relative openness of his notational practice and the complexity of the cyclic organisation lead to profound differences in marking or weighting performed form, ranging between ironical and dramatic, between processual and architectonic (or ‘punctuating’) strategies. The ‘bottom-up’ concept of the compositional process and the composer’s consistent focus on musical details are in tension with the complex ‘top-down’ shape of the entire cycle that is translated into sound by performers with great variance.

When I studied to become a musician on my instruments violin and nyckelharpa at the Department of Folk Music at the Royal College of Music (KMH) in Stockholm. Musikhögskolan (KMH) in Stockholm, I wrote an artistic bachelor thesis in music. In the thesis, I made a style analysis between the Näck-tuned melodies of Tyska klockorna performed by Pelle Björnlert, Gustaf Wetter and Pär Näsbom. The analysis included a comparison between these fiddlers and musicians with history and notation. I studied their melodies, rhythms, harmonies, tempos, moods, stringing, phrasing, dynamics and sound. I also studied and compared their emotions/values, contextual associations, expression, musical structure, performance/technique and general conditions in three different stylistic mappings between these fiddlers and musicians. At the oral presentation, I performed these three melodies of the Tyska klockorna on my violin, playing as close to Björnlert, Wetter and Näsbom's playing styles as possible. My twin sister Caroline Eriksson and I studied at KMH at the same time. When we started our degree projects, a graduation concert was included. We chose to have a joint “Sister Concert”, where two graduation concerts became one. The concert reflects the years before KMH, the years during KMH and the years after KMH. A varied concert with 24 fantastic fellow musicians and dancers, where we performed the music that is very close to us, both traditional and newly written, with a focus on interaction, play to dance and dance to play. / När jag studerade till musiker med mina instrument fiol och nyckelharpa på institutionen för folkmusik på Kungl. Musikhögskolan (KMH) i Stockholm, skrev jag ett konstnärligt kandidatexamensarbete i musik. I examensarbetet gjorde jag en stilanalys mellan de näckstämda melodierna Tyska klockorna framförda av Pelle Björnlert, Gustaf Wetter och Pär Näsbom. I analysen ingick en jämförelse mellan dessa spelmän och musiker med historia och notation. Jag studerade deras melodier, rytmer, harmonier, tempon, stämningar, stråkföringar, fraseringar, dynamik och klang. Jag studerade och jämförde även deras emotioner/värden, kontextuella associationer, uttryck, musikstruktur, utförande/teknik och generella förutsättningar i tre olika stilistiska mappningar mellan dessa spelmän och musiker. Vid den muntliga redovisningen framförde jag dessa tre melodier av Tyska klockorna på min fiol och spelande så nära Björnlert, Wetter och Näsboms spelsätt och spelstilar som möjligt. Min tvillingsyster Caroline Eriksson och jag studerade samtidigt på KMH. När vi påbörjade våra examensarbeten ingick en examenskonsert. Vi valde att ha en gemensam ”Systerkonsert”, där två examenskonserter blev en gemensam. Konserten speglar åren innan KMH, åren under KMH och åren efter KMH. En varierad konsert med 24 fantastiska medmusiker och dansare, där vi framförde den musik som ligger oss mycket nära. Både traditionell och nyskriven, med fokus på samspel, spel till dans och dans till spel. / <p><strong>Systerkonsert </strong></p><p><strong></strong></p><p><strong>Examenskonsert </strong></p><p><strong></strong></p><p><strong>Madliene Ahlström Eriksson &amp; Caroline Eriksson </strong></p><p><strong></strong></p><p>9 september 2023, kl. 16.00 Kungasalen, Kungl. Musikhögskolan i Stockholm  </p><p></p><p><strong>PROGRAMORDNING </strong></p><p><strong></strong></p><p><strong>Rulin &amp; Ericsson </strong></p><p><strong></strong></p><p>Musik: Polska efter Carl Viktor Rulin, Lerbäck, Närke &amp; Polska efter Pehr Ericsson, Helgarö, Södermanland.</p><p>Arr. &amp; musiker: Caroline &amp; Madliene </p><p></p><p><strong>Eder bröllopsdag </strong></p><p><strong></strong></p><p>Musik: Brudmarsch till Markus och Rebecca Kviberg, komponerad av Madliene Ahlström Eriksson från Trosa, Södermanland. </p><p>Arr. &amp; musiker: Caroline &amp; Madliene </p><p></p><p><strong>Näckstämda - Tyska klockorna </strong></p><p><strong></strong></p><p>Text: Madliene, bearbetad av Carin.</p><p>Musik: Pelle Björnlert från Vråka, Kalmar. Björnlerts variant av <em>Tyska klockorna</em> har han från boken <em>Svenska låtar </em>20, Östergötland, med Arvid Bergvall och Pelle Fors, de båda från Rönö socken, Östergötland.</p><p>Gustaf Wetter från Katrineholm, Södermanland. Gustaf har sin variant av <em>”Tiska klocko” / Tyska klocko</em> efter Anders Petter Andersson och August Widmark, de båda från Vingåker socken, Södermanland. Ur A.P. Anderssons bok <em>Låtar och visor från Södermanland och Närke</em>. </p><p>Pär Näsboms född i Tierps kyrkby, Uppland, men nu boende i Winterthur, Schweiz. Proveniens Uppland. Näsboms variant av <em>Tyska klockorna</em> har han efter "Viksta-Lasse", Leonard Larsson, Viksta, Uppland.</p><p>Arr. &amp; musiker: Madliene</p><p>Koreografi &amp; dansare: Carin &amp; Jan-Olof </p><p></p><p><strong>Hornlåt efter Liss-Mats Anna </strong></p><p><strong></strong></p><p>Musik: Hornlåt efter Liss-Mats Anna Ersson från Dalbyn, Ore. </p><p>Arr: Madliene </p><p>Musiker: Caroline, Ida Maria, Leif &amp; Madliene </p><p></p><p><strong>Lästringe storpolska </strong></p><p><strong></strong></p><p>Musik: Lästringe storpolska efter Anders Andersson, Lästringe, Södermanland.</p><p>Arr. &amp; musiker: Caroline, Leif &amp; Madliene </p><p></p><p><strong>Dans till Fryksdalsmelodi </strong></p><p><strong></strong></p><p>Dansen: Dans till Fryksdalsmelodi finns i sex stycken olika Fryksdalsmelodier och som har använts genom historien. Här får ni höra en av dem som vi tycker om att spela.</p><p>Musik: Dans till Fryksdalsmelodi</p><p>Arr: Troligt komponerad inom folkdansrörelsen och L. Johansson </p><p>Musiker: Caroline, Leif &amp; Madliene</p><p>Dansare från Skansens folkdanslag: Marita, Mattias, Mikael, Mira, Olle, Thommas, Wendi &amp; Åsa.  </p><p></p><p><strong>Åttamanengel </strong></p><p><strong></strong></p><p>Dansen: Österbotten har- och är ett svenskt kulturområde och i dansen får ni se danserna; engelska, kadrilj, galopp och polska som flätas samman i två låtmelodier. Första låten går i 2-takt och andra låten går i 3-takt. 3-takts polskan är väldigt lik “Skräddarepolskan” från Sörmland upptecknad efter K.P. Leffler. C.M. Bellman använde Skräddarepolskan-melodin i utbildningssyfte om sexdondelspolskans stil, för att kunna konstruera fram en grundmelodi på åttondelar i åttondelspolskestil av samma polska. Melodin passar lika bra som både åttondelspolska och sexdondelspolska. Bellman namngav därför melodin till “Fackeldansen” som ingick i hans utbildning om “Balen på Gröna Lund” och utlärningen om åttondels- och sexdondelspolskans likheter och olikheter.</p><p>Musik: Åttamanengel från Korsholm i ÖsterbottenArr: Folkdansrörelsen och L. Johansson</p><p>Musiker: Caroline, Leif &amp; Madliene</p><p>Dansare från Skansens folkdanslag: Marita, Mattias, Mikael, Mira, Olle, Thommas, Wendi &amp; Åsa.  </p><p></p><p><strong>Lilla Barn </strong></p><p><strong></strong></p><p>Text: Stina Engelbrecht</p><p>Musik: Jens Engelbrecht</p><p>Arr: S &amp; T. Engelbrecht, Caroline, Daniel &amp; Madliene</p><p>Musiker: Caroline, Daniel, Josephine &amp; Madliene </p><p></p><p><strong>När musiken spelar </strong></p><p><strong></strong></p><p>Text &amp; musik: Trad.</p><p>Arr: Madliene </p><p>Musiker: Josephine &amp; Madliene </p><p></p><p><strong>Vågsveparn  </strong></p><p><strong></strong></p><p>Musik: John McSherry, originaltitel “The Wave Sweeper”, Irland.</p><p>Arr: Caroline, Daniel &amp; Magnus</p><p>Grupp: Albatross: Caroline, Daniel &amp; Magnus. </p><p></p><p><strong>Konstant </strong></p><p><strong></strong></p><p>Musik: Komponerad av Caroline Eriksson från Trosa, Södermanland. </p><p>Arr: Caroline</p><p>Grupp: Albatross: Caroline, Daniel &amp; Magnus. </p><p></p><p><strong>T-korsning &amp; Kärl-eken </strong></p><p></p><p>Musik: Komponerad av Caroline Eriksson från Trosa, Södermanland.</p><p>Arr: Caroline</p><p>Musiker: Caroline, Cecilia, Elsa, Gustav, Hanna, Hannes, Jakob, Madliene, Nora &amp; Torunn. Samt Daniel &amp; Magnus från Albatross. </p><p></p><p><strong>Slängpolska efter Anders Larsson från Sexdrega </strong></p><p><strong></strong></p><p>Musik: Slängpolska efter Anders Larsson från Sexdrega, Västergötland.</p><p>Arr: Caroline</p><p>Musiker: Caroline, Cecilia, Elsa, Gustav, Hanna, Hannes, Jakob, Madliene, Nora &amp; Torunn. Samt Daniel &amp; Magnus från Albatross.</p><p>Dansare: Marita &amp; Thomas    </p><p></p><p><strong>Slängpolska i östra Södermanland <em>- en jämförelse mellan fyra spelmän </em></strong></p><p><strong><em></em></strong></p><p>Musik: Slängpolska efter Axel Axelsson, Östtorp &amp; Anders Andersson, Lästringe, Södermanland. Caroline har den efter Leif, Ulf och Christina.</p><p>Musiker: Caroline </p><p></p><p><strong>Blekingepolskan </strong></p><p><strong></strong></p><p>Musik:Caroline och Madliene har den efter Bo “Bosse” Larsson, Björklinge, Uppland. Som i sin tur har den efter "Viksta-Lasse", Leonard Larsson, Viksta, Uppland.</p><p>Arr. &amp; musiker: Caroline &amp; Madliene </p><p></p><p><strong>Lilla Lasse  </strong></p><p><strong></strong></p><p>Musik: Slängpolskor från Mörkö, Södermanland. Nummer 659 och 649 från Sörmländska Låtar. </p><p>Arr. &amp; Musiker: Caroline, Madliene &amp; Sunniva.</p><p>Dans och korreografi: Carin &amp; Jan-Olof.</p><p>Grupp: Tradpunkt med dansare  </p><p></p><p><strong>Vi ska dansa med Sara </strong></p><p><strong></strong></p><p>Text &amp; musik: Vispolska från Mörkö, Södermanland. Nummer 662 från <em>Sörmländska Låtar</em>. </p><p>Arr. &amp; Musiker: Caroline, Madliene &amp; Sunniva. </p><p>Dans och korreografi: Carin &amp; Jan-Olof.</p><p>Grupp: Tradpunkt med dansare  </p><p></p><p><strong>Ragatan </strong></p><p><strong></strong></p><p>Musik: Ragatan komponerad av Caroline Eriksson från Trosa, Södermanland. Samt<em> Korta Rosenberg</em>, slängpolska efter Anders Gustaf Rosenberg från Mellösa socken, Södermanland.</p><p>Arr. &amp; Musiker: Caroline, Madliene &amp; Sunniva. </p><p>Dans och korreografi: Carin &amp; Jan-Olof.</p><p>Grupp: Tradpunkt med dansare </p><p></p><p><strong>Skärborgarvisan </strong></p><p><strong></strong></p><p>Text &amp; musik: Skärborgarvisan från Trosa efter Claes Hagström, som har den efter sin far Gotthard Hagström Stensund/Trosa, Södermanland. Samt låt nummer 661 från Anders Gustav Andersson från Mörkö, i samlingen <em>Sörmländska låtar</em>.</p><p>Arr. &amp; Musiker: Caroline, Madliene &amp; Sunniva. </p><p>Dans och korreografi: Carin &amp; Jan-Olof.</p><p>Grupp: Tradpunkt med dansare </p><p></p><p><strong>Äh, jag tror ja’ ska ta å’ gå hem ja’ </strong></p><p><strong></strong></p><p>Musik: Schottis av Madliene Ahlström Eriksson från Trosa, Södermanland och Sofia Svahn från Ore, Dalarna.</p><p>Arr. &amp; Musiker: Caroline, Madliene &amp; Sunniva. </p><p>Dans och korreografi: Carin &amp; Jan-Olof.</p><p>Grupp: Tradpunkt med dansare </p><p></p><p><strong>Burr i magen </strong></p><p><strong></strong></p><p>Musik: Burr i magen av Caroline Eriksson, Trosa, Södermanland.</p><p>Arr: Caroline</p><p>Koreografi: Caroline</p><p>Musiker: Caroline, Cecilia, Danie, Elsa, Gustav, Hanna, Hannes, Ida Maria, Jakob, Josephine, Leif, Madliene, Magnus, Nora, Sunniva &amp; Torunn.</p><p>Dansare: Carin, Jan-Olof, Marita, Mattias, Mikael, Mira, Olle, Thommas, Wendi &amp; Åsa. </p><p></p><p><strong>No poker face </strong></p><p><strong></strong></p><p>Musik: No poker face av Caroline Eriksson, Trosa, Södermanland.</p><p>Arr: Caroline</p><p>Koreografi: Carin &amp; Jan-Olof</p><p>Musiker: Caroline, Cecilia, Danie, Elsa, Gustav, Hanna, Hannes, Ida Maria, Jakob, Josephine, Leif, Madliene, Magnus, Nora, Sunniva &amp; Torunn.</p><p>Dansare: Carin, Jan-Olof, Marita, Mattias, Mikael, Mira, Olle, Thommas, Wendi &amp; Åsa. </p><p></p><p>______________________ </p><p></p><p><strong>Alla medmusiker och dansare: </strong></p><p><strong></strong></p><p>Carin Alnebratt - Dans</p><p>Caroline Eriksson - Fioler, nyckelharpa, oktavnyckelharpa och sång</p><p>Cecilia Etterlin - Fiol</p><p>Daniel Fredriksson - Mandora och mandola</p><p>Elsa Örde - Fiol</p><p>Gustav Stavbom - Fiol</p><p>Hanna Areskoug - Fiol</p><p>Hannes Ahlinder - Nyckelharpa</p><p>Ida Maria Schwahn - Fiol</p><p>Jakob Grunditz - Nyckelharpa</p><p>Jan-Olof Johansson - Dans</p><p>Josephine Betschart - Sång och rytminstrument</p><p>Leif Johansson - Fiol</p><p>Madliene Ahlström Eriksson - Fioler, nyckelharpa, oktavnyckelharpa, sång och gitarr</p><p>Magnus Lundmark - Slagverk</p><p>Marita Lagergren Lindberg - Dans</p><p>Mattias Lindberg - Dans</p><p>Mikael Lindberg - Dans</p><p>Mira Loringer - Dans</p><p>Nora Lilja - Fiol</p><p>Olle Hovmark - Dans</p><p>Sunniva Abelli - Nyckelharpa, oktavnyckelharpa och sång</p><p>Thommas Andersen - Dans</p><p>Torunn Thurfjell - Nyckelharpa</p><p>Wendi Löffler - Dans</p><p>Åsa Hannegård - Dans <strong></strong></p><p></p>

This thesis seeks to place drama of the Caroline commercial theatre in its contemporary political and legal context; particularly, it addresses the ways in which the struggle for supremacy between the royal prerogative, common law and local custom is constructed and negotiated in plays of the period. It argues that as the reign of Charles I progresses, the divine right and absolute power of the monarchy on stage begins to lose its authority, as playwrights, particularly Massinger and Brome, present a decline from divinity into the presentation of an arbitrary man who seeks to impose and increase his authority by enforcing obedience to selfish and wilful actions and demands. This decline from divinity, I argue, allows for the rise of a competing legitimate legal authority in the form of common law. Engaging with the contemporary discourse of custom, reason and law which pervades legal tracts of the period such as Coke’s Institutes and Reports and Davies’ ‘Preface Dedicatory’ to Le Primer Report des Cases & Matters en Ley resolues & adiudges en les Courts del Roy en Ireland, drama by Brome, Jonson, Massinger and Shirley presents arbitrary absolutism as madness, and adherence to customary common law as reason which restores order. In this climate, the drama suggests, royal manipulation of the law for personal ends, of which Charles I was often accused, destabilises law and legal authority. This destabilisation of legal authority is examined in a broader context in plays set in areas outwith London, geographically distant from central authority. The thesis places these plays in the context of Charles I’s attempts to centralise local law enforcement through such publications as the Book of Orders. When maintaining order in the provinces came into conflict with central legislation, the local officials exercised what Keith Wrightson describes as ‘two concepts of order’, turning a blind eye to certain activities when strict enforcement of law would create rather than dissolve local tensions. In both attempting to insist on unity between the centre and the provinces through tighter control of local officials, and dividing the centre from the provinces in the dissolution of Parliament, Charles’s government was, the plays suggest, in danger not only of destabilising and decentralising legal authority but of fragmenting it. This thesis argues that drama provides a medium whereby the politico-legal debates of the period may be presented to, and debated by, a wider audience than the more technical contemporary legal arguments, and, during Charles I’s personal rule, the theatre became a public forum for debate when Parliament was unavailable.

Uppsatsen utforskar relationen mellan Karin Boyes Astarte och T.S. Eliots The Waste Land, särskilt med avseende på modernistisk tematik och med avstamp i tidigare forskning som kommenterat relationen mellan verken, främst Gunilla Domellöfs och Caroline Hauxs. Analysen omfattar den senares upptäckt att ”Det öde landskap som skrivs fram hos Eliot existerar dolt och outsagt i Astarte.” Verken jämförs med avseende på: Skildringen av den moderna staden; Krig, trauma, våld och utvecklingsskepticism; Den ofruktbara masskulturen; (Naturens, Guds och Kärlekens död); Verkens mytkomplex; Psykoanalytiska perspektiv på gemenskap, behov och begär. Uppsatsen innehåller även en sammanställning av likheter mellan episoderna som utspelar sig mellan Viola och Hill i Astarte och mellan maskinskriverskan och kontoristen i The Waste Land. Undersökningen bekräftar betydande beröringspunkter mellan verken vad gäller såväl tematik som de positioner författarna intar – det gäller utvecklingsskepticismen, masskulturen (där Astarte i högre utsträckning intresserar sig för handel och konsumtion), samt fruktbarhetsförlusten med avseende på Naturen, Gud och Kärleken. Myter har en betydelsefull roll i båda verken. I Astarte är Gudinnan/belätet Astarte i och för sig närvarande, men hon fyller inte sina ursprungliga funktioner. Undersökningen identifierar nya tolkningsmöjligheter gällande Astartes potentiella roll, kopplade till våld och skydd. På ett övergripande plan finns en korsställning mellan verken, där det som utgör The Waste Lands förgrund tenderar att blottas genom sprickor i ”Astartesamhällets” fasad, genom Boyes didaktiska exposéer, samt vid kritisk läsning. Den sammanlagda effekten av dessa aspekter är att Eliots ödeland – den levande döden – är mer av en tydlig referenspunkt än något dolt och outsagt i Astarte.

This thesis focuses on the significance of blood and the perception of the body in both learned and popular culture in order to investigate problems of identity and social exclusion in early modern Europe. Starting from the view of blood as a liminal matter, manifesting fertile, positive aspects in conjunction with dangerous, negative ones, I show how it was believed to attract supernatural forces within the natural world. It could empower or pollute, restore health or waste corporeal and spiritual existence. While this theme has been studied in a medieval religious context and by anthropologists, its relevance during the early modern period has not been explored. I argue that, considering the impact of the Reformation on people’s mentalities, studying the way in which ideas regarding blood and the body changed from late medieval times to the eighteenth century can provide new insights about patterns of social and religious tensions, such as the witch-trials and persecutions. In this regard the thesis engages with anthropological theories, comparing the dialectic between blood and body with that between identity and society, demonstrating that they both spread from the conflict of life with death, leading to the social embodiment or to the rejection of an individual. A comparative approach is also employed to analyze blood symbolism in Protestant and Catholic countries, and to discuss how beliefs were influenced by both cultural similarities and religious differences. Combining historical sources, such as witches’ confessions, with appropriate examples from anthropology I also examine a corpus of popular ideas, which resisted to theological and learned notions or slowly merged with them. Blood had different meanings for different sections of society, embodying both the physical struggle for life and the spiritual value of the Christian soul. Chapters 2, 3 and 4 develop the dualism of the fluid in late medieval and early modern ritual murder accusations against Jews, European witchcraft and supernatural beliefs and in the medical and philosophical knowledge, while chapters 5 and 6 focus on blood themes in Protestant England and in Counter-Reformation Italy. Through the examination of blood in these contexts I hope to demonstrate that contrasting feelings, fears and beliefs related to dangerous or extraordinary individuals, such as Jews, witches, and Catholic saints, but also superhuman beings such as fairies, vampires and werewolves, were rooted in the perception of the body as an unstable substance, that was at the base of ethnic, religious and gender stereotypes.

This thesis explores modalities in two hagiographical collections from the late Middle Ages; the Legenda Aurea and the Gilte Legende by drawing inspiration from post-colonial hybridity theories.. It conducts a close textual analysis by studying the use of pronouns in five saints’ legends where female saints transcend traditional gender identities and become men, and focuses on how they transcend, live as men, and die. The study concludes that the use of pronouns is fluid in the Latin Legenda Aurea, while the Middle English Gilte Legende has more female pronouns and additions to the texts where the female identity of the saints is emphasised. This is interpreted as a sign of the feminisation of religious language in Europe during the late Middle Ages, and viewed parallel with the increase of holy women at that time. By doing this, it underlines the importance of new words and concepts when describing and understanding medieval views on gender.