<p>I denna rapport beskrivs arbetet med att tillvarata och anpassa data från en enkätundersökning till digital hantering i GIS. Undersökningen är en besöksstudie utförd av Karlstads kommun och Skogsstyrelsen för att kartlägga människors rörelsemönster i I2-Skogen, ett gammalt militärt övningsfält som numera används som rekreationsområde. Enkäten består av ett antal frågor om exempelvis typ av aktivitet, ålder och åsikter om området, samt en karta på vilken besökaren ritat in var i området han eller hon rört sig. Utgångsmaterialet för arbetet har varit en databas innehållande enkätsvaren, samt originalkartorna med den ritade informationen. Arbetet omfattar dels att undersöka om kartinformationen kan digitaliseras automatiskt genom scanning och vektorisering i batch, och dels att normalisera och strukturera databasen med enkätsvaren.</p><p>En metod för digitalisering har utarbetats och testats på ett urval av kartorna. Metoden består av ett antal steg och innefattar bl a bearbetning av kartorna i bildbehandlingsprogram samt klassning och vektorisering i GIS-programvara. Eftersom batchfunktioner saknas i GIS-programvaran har makron skapats genom programmering i VBA. Metoden har visat sig fungera bra på urvalet och slutsatsen blir att det är fullt möjligt att digitalisera de ritade linjerna med automatik. Dock finns vissa brister avseende noggrannhet och användbarhet. Dessutom är urvalet relativt litet och viss justering av inställningarna för klassning och vektorisering kan vara nödvändig vid tillämpning på större delar av materialet.</p><p>Databasen har normaliserats så långt som ansetts rimligt med tanke på prestanda och användbarhet. För att tillförlitliga sökningar ska kunna utföras har flera attribut tolkats och modifierats genom indelning i kategorier och intervall.</p><p>Arbetet har resulterat i en geodatabas innehållande samtliga enkätsvar samt det utvalda materialet från digitaliseringstestet. För att visa hur databasen kan användas har två enkla analysexempel tagits fram.</p> / <p>This report describes the work with utilizing and adapting data from a visitor poll for use in a GIS. The poll was performed by the Municipality of Karlstad and the Swedish Forest Agency to survey peoples visit patterns in the I2-Forest, a former military training field which is now used as a recreation area. The poll consists of a number of questions about the visitor’s activities, age, opinions etc, and a map on which the visitor has drawn his or her path through the forest. Source data is a database containing poll answers, and the original maps with the drawn information. The task is partly to investigate if the maps can be batch-digitalized through scanning and vectorization, and partly to normalize the database.</p><p>A method for digitalizing has been developed and tested on a selection of the maps. The method consists of a number of steps, including image processing, classification and vectorization. According to lack of batch-possibilities in the used GIS software, macros have been created by programming in VBA. The method works well on the selected maps and the conclusion is that it is possible to digitalize the drawn lines automatically. However, there are some shortages regarding accuracy and usability. Furthermore, the selection is relatively small and some adjustments on the settings for classification and vectorization might be necessary when applying the method on a larger part of the data.</p><p>The database has been normalized as far as reasonable with consideration of performance and usability. To enable reliable searches, several attributes has been interpreted and modified through categorization and classification.</p><p>The result is a geodatabase consisting of all poll answers, and the selected data from the digitalization test. To show how the database can be used, two simple examples of analyses have been made.</p>

<p>Tuuli Forsgren and Göran Larsson are editors in this report which is an anthology</p>

Cultural institutions that hold unique and valuable physical items only for restricted access untilnow are experiencing a change that demands them to take up the role of information providers aswell. International Dunhuang Project is a digitization project that has been taken as an example toinvestigate this phenomenon and more particularly issues of trustworthiness and how it can beestablished in the digital environment. Two concepts have been found to form the basis of itsassessment in the online world, authenticity and transparency. Authenticity is a concept borrowedfrom the existing practice of cultural institutions like museums and archives but transparency is anew demand that has come along with internet and the WWW. Through the examination ofcomponents of IDP's website like online documents, metadata and images along with interviewswith the producers of the project, an attempt has been made to understand how trustworthiness isperceived by the producers of the project and how they have implemented it on the material of theirwebsite. / Kulturinstitutioner som hittills bara gett endast begränsadtillgång till sina samlingar av unika och värdefulla fysiskaexemplar upplever nu en förändring som kräver att de ävenintar rollen som informationsleverantörer.Digitaliseringsprojektet International Dunhuang Projectanvänds som exempel i en undersökning om detta fenomen,i synnerhet kring frågor om trovärdighet och hur det kanfastställas i den digitala miljön. Två begrepp har visat sigligga till grund för bedömning av trovärdighet ionlinevärlden: autenticitet och genomsynlighet.Autenticitet är ett begrepp som lånats från befintliga praxishos kulturinstitutioner som museer och arkiv, mengenomsynlighet är ett nytt krav som tillkommit samtidigtsom internet och WWW. Genom undersökning av de olikaelement på IDP:s webbplats, t ex. online-dokument,metadata och bilder, tillsammans med intervjuer medprojektskaparna, har ett försök gjorts att förstå hurtrovärdighet uppfattas av projektskaparna och hur det harimplementerats på materialet på deras webbplats. / <p>Acknowledgments:I would like to thank the staff of the International Dunhuang Project, Ms. Susan Whitfield, Ms. VicSwift, Ms. Emma Goodliffe and Mr. Sam van Schaik for all the support they have offered meduring my stay at the British Library. This study would not have been completed without their helpand their insights. Also, I would like to thank my supervisor Mr. Mats Dahlstrom and Ms. ElenaMaceviciute, for their patience and the knowledge and tools they have provided me for therealization of this study. Moreover, Ms. Anna Brynolf who translated the abstract into Swedish.Lastly, Mr. Osama Mansour and Ms. Nina Hult for their comments which helped me to improve theshortcomings of my text.</p>

The essay is about small publishing houses and their position onthe Swedish book market 2002-2015. Focus is on the Internetand digitization, and the study would examine what commonconditions that exist for publishers to start publishing, as well asthe forces that affect the development of the Publishingbusiness. As the theory used Chris Anderson's long tail, whichsays that products from the narrow niches can compete with thebig sellers on the same terms. Through qualitative interviewswith publishers and a representative from Noff study shows thatsmall publishers in part, has been formed because it is cheaperand easier to print now. The study also shows that the Internethad great importance for publishers developing for example,facilitated the distribution, marketing, availability and sales.With the help of the long tail theory three forces such as thedemocratization of production tools, the democratization ofdistribution and good filter, the study shows that there is amarket for narrow and niche literature, which small publisherscan meet. Finally, it appears that publishers should be driven andhave a genuine interest in the literary publishing housepublishes.

Syftet med detta arbete är att undersöka implementationen av digitala hjälpmedel imatematikundervisningen på gymnasiet samt jämföra gymnasieelevers uppfattning medtidigare forskningsresultat. Arbetet influeras av en positivistisk hållning till kunskap ochbygger på en kvantitativ undersökning i form av en enkätundersökning hos gymnasieelever.Med hjälp av hypotetiskt deduktiv metod har vi försökt besvara våra frågeställningar.Resultaten visar att eleverna överlag har en positiv inställning till datorer och surfplattor ochatt detta överensstämmer med tidigare forskning. Resultaten visar också att datorer används ihögre utsträckning än surfplattor samt att tekniken endast blir effektiv om den används på rättsätt. Slutsatsen som vi drar av detta arbete är att den moderna tekniken alltid kommer att varasvår att implementera i skolan samt att den ibland kommer att användas på fel sätt. Men närden väl har fått tid att komma in i systemet och börjas användas på rätt sätt kan den leda tillstora framgångar och utveckling i den vardagliga verksamheten på skolorna.

Title: The transformation of news - an exploratory study of digital and analog news in the Swedish daily press. Author: Annika Arnell and Sofia Amanuel Tutor: Lowe Hedman Purpose: This explorative thesis attempts to study if new ways of news production and distribution created by recent digitalization processes and technical development has different impacts and effects when the same news events is published in the same daily newspaper in a digital as compared to an analog platform. Method/Material: The method used is an explorative qualitative content analysis. The articles are divided into three levels: main news, middle-sized news and notes. The material consists of 40 news articles from two Swedish daily newspapers, with a divide of 20 news articles per newspaper. Main results: This study demonstrates that there are differences in how a news article is formed in a digital as compared to an analog platform. The differences show that main news events are presented in the exact same way on both platforms. The smaller notes show vast differences in all categories and are often fuller on the digital platform, leaving information such as context and previous events out in the printed newspaper. The middle-sized news shows both similarities and differences. But the results are to varying to make any conclusive statement. Number of pages: 76 Course: Media and Communication studies C University: Division of Media and Communication, Department of information science, Uppsala University Period: Fall 2013 Keywords: digitalization, information technology, convergence, media logic, news schemata, news, daily newspaper, journalism, Dagens Nyheter, Svenska Dagbladet.

This study investigates minor cultural institutions’approaches to digitalization and how problems in connectionwith digitization processes may be resolved. The methodsused for this study include structured interviews with fiveminor cultural institutions, a semi-structured interview and agroup interview with experts in digitization. The results wereanalyzed through the identification of themes in theempirical material.The results show that there are a number of factors affectingminor institutions’ digitization, for example, the need todigitize complete or parts of collections, staff views ondigitization, financing, national interest in regional heritagecollections and finally, strategic decisions to preserve ormake available the digitized material. The study also showedthat the solution to these problems can be found incollaboration between cultural institutions, improvedcommunication between cultural institutions and theDepartment of Culture as well as cooperation with larger andmore experienced institutions.

Digitization is a concept that has become popular in terms of collections of old heritage-related material such as books, photographs and paper documents. This work is a study of the Swedish composer Allan Pettersson (1911–1980) and his personal archive stored at Section for Manuscripts and Music at Uppsala University Library. My issues are What happens to the archive of the digitized? Will there be a "new" archive of the digitized? What guidelines are Uppsala University Library using for their digitizing and how do they look? What will be the result after digitization? What about copyright and the material? Allan Pettersson's personal papers consist a large collection of sketches of musical notes, newspaper clippings and concert programs. The material is at the time of writing, not digitized except the archive description list. The idea of this work is to show what can happen if a personal archive is digitized. As a theoretical model, Niels D. Lund's Technology Democracy Culture – the essential triangle has been used. Lund shows that there is a connection between cultural content, creative use and access to digital technology and how to make it available. The underlying purpose of the model was to use it to ensure the content to a wider audience based on key words as responsibility, control and representation. Based on this, I analyze how the impact of the digitization process of Allan Pettersson's personal papers. For examine it, the Arka-D project may be suitable as a choice for digitization. This project is a collaboration between Uppsala, Gothenburg and Lund University Libraries, and as a purpose to create a common platform for the digitization of such personal archives. Further aims of the platform is to make heritage-related material available and reach it out to a wider audience at Internet. The final results shows that it is technically possible to digitize it but it is not allowed without special permission. Allan Pettersson's personal archives are protected by copyrights of the law and will be free to publish earliest at 2051.

Samhällets digitalisering innebär stora möjligheter till spridning och återbruk av informationsamtidigt som digitala klyftor skapas. Bland de medborgare som inte till fullo anammat den nyatekniken återfinns en stor grupp äldre, något som påverkar dessa individers möjligheter till en höglivskvalité i form av delaktighet, oberoende och god rörlighet. En aspekt i detta sammanhang äräldres möjligheter att åka kollektivt och på egen hand planera och genomföra resor, något somförutsätter en god tillgång till och förståelse av kollektivtrafikinformation. Föreliggandeexamensarbete avser här att belysa kognitiva effekter av det skifte i interaktionsmiljön som sker närkollektivtrafikens tids- och linjeinformation digitaliseras. Studien baserar sig på en situerad ansats tillmänniskans kognition, ett teoretiskt perspektiv som innebär att tänkandet baserar sig påmultimodala konceptuella erfarenheter. De fynd som studien resulterar i pekar på att digitaliseradetjänster kan erbjuda viss problemlösande avlastning, men att dessa samtidigt belastar det episodiskaminnet och har emotionell påverkan.

The purpose of this bachelor thesis is to examine the similarities and differences between best practice literature regarding digitization and an existing cultural heritage digitization project. It also aims to determine whether this literature is of any help during an actual project of digitization. These results were achieved by examining literature regarding best practices in digitization and analyzing how well an actual project correlates to this advice. The information about the Digidaily project was obtained through two qualitative interviews as well as the project blog. The outcome of our research showed that although there are a great many similarities between theory and practice, the project in question was not helped by literature. However the outcome suggests that it might be of great help to smaller, less experienced institutions.