Entre as preocupações e os estudos sobre o processo de envelhecimento, existe uma área que tem recebido grande atenção: a “feminização da velhice”. As mulheres possuem uma maior expectativa de vida, com isso, as projeções para o futuro apontam para um crescimento da população idosa feminina e um relativo decréscimo da masculina. Esses índices não apenas destacam uma superioridade numérica das mulheres na velhice, mas nos fazem refletir sobre as necessidades de conhecer e contemplar esse maior segmento da população idosa nacional. O presente estudo foi desenvolvido num contexto de famílias urbanas de um bairro de classe popular da cidade de Porto Alegre, a Vila Fátima, e teve como objetivo principal analisar as funções que as mulheres idosas deste bairro estão desempenhando hoje em suas famílias. Os objetivos secundários foram: o levantamento do perfil socioeconômico das famílias deste bairro; a análise da estrutura familiar e da rede social de apoio das famílias; e a compreensão da percepção que a mulher idosa tem de si mesma dentro de sua família e na comunidade onde vive. Participaram do estudo nove mulheres, com idades entre 66 e 93 anos, moradoras da Vila Fátima, integrantes do Grupo de Terceira Idade do Centro de Extensão Universitária da PUC-RS. Nesta pesquisa, de cunho qualitativo e caráter etnográfico, utilizaram-se como instrumentos de coleta de dados: entrevistas com perguntas abertas, gravadas e posteriormente transcritas, que foram realizadas no próprio domicílio das participantes; um diário de campo e anotações sobre o Grupo de Terceira Idade. O estudo mostrou que o processo de adoecimento crônico, a prisão ou a perda precoce do companheiro, seja por morte ou por separação, levou sete entre as nove entrevistadas a constituir unidades-mãe-filhos e a assumir o papel de provedoras de seus lares. Os vizinhos, as creches locais e o posto de saúde formam a rede social de apoio na comunidade. Com o envelhecimento, algumas delas continuaram a viver na forma de unidade-mãe-filhos, e outras passaram a constituir unidade-mãe-filhos-netos. Elas continuaram a desempenhar um papel central no funcionamento de suas famílias e sustento de suas casas. Muitas das idosas assumiram a responsabilidade de criar e educar seus netos e bisnetos. A sua principal fonte de suporte social hoje são seus filhos. A coresidência é uma realidade muito presente nesse contexto. Ela tem gerado um aumento da taxa de escolarização, uma redução do trabalho infantil e proporcionado trocas intensas e prolongadas entre as gerações. As trocas de carinho, o diálogo aberto com os netos e a disponibilidade de estar presente e ser uma referência são características marcantes nos discursos das idosas. A relação afetiva firmada com as gerações mais jovens possibilita aos idosos uma releitura crítica de suas trajetórias pessoais e a construção de um novo sentido de vida. / Among the concerns and studies on the aging process, there is an area that has been getting much attention, viz. the “femininization of poverty.” Women are living longer and consequently have a higher life expectancy. Estimates indicate that the female senior population will continue to grow in the future and the male senior population will undergo a relative decline. These indices not only reveal the existence of a larger number of women in old age, but also lead us to reflect on the need to get to know and to take into account the demands of this growing population segment. This research project was developed in a context of urban families in a low income neighborhood (“Vila Fátima”) of the city of Porto Alegre, the capital of the state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. Its main goal was to analyze the roles that senior women of that neighborhood are playing in their families in the present. The secondary goals were to identify the socio-economic profile of the families living in “Vila Fátima”, to analyze the family structure and the families’ social support network and to understand the senior women’s perception of themselves within their families and community. The study’s participants were nine women aged 66 to 93 who live in that neighborhood and are members of the Senior Citizens’ Group of the Extension Center of the Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul. The study has a qualitative and ethnographic character and used the following data collection tools: interviews with open-ended questions (conducted at the participants’ homes), that were recorded and then transcribed; a field diary and notes on the Senior Citizens’ Group. The research project showed that the process of chronic illness, imprisonment or early loss of the spouse, either because of death or separation, led seven out of the nine interviewed women to constitute family units made up of mother and children and to become providers of their homes. Neighbors, local day care centers and the health care station are their social support network in the community. As they grew older, some of them continued to live in that form of family unit and others constituted family units made up of mother, children and grandchildren. They continued to play a central role in the functioning and support of their families. Many of the senior women took on the responsibility of raising their grandchildren and great-grandchildren. Their children are their main source of social support today. Co-residence is common phenomenon in this context. It has led to an increase in the schooling rate, a reduction of child labor and the possibility of intensive and prolonged exchanges between the generations. The exchange of affection, open dialog with grandchildren and their availability as resource persons are outstanding features in the senior women’s utterances. The affective relationship with the younger generations enables the elderly to critically reread their life stories and to construct a new meaning in life.

Estudo antropológico sobre memórias familiares reordenadas a partir da realização das Festas de Família, vistas como rituais familiares contemporâneos, ora denominando-se Festa ou Encontro da Família "Tal". A pesquisa etnográfica foi realizada com famílias "em e de" diferentes cidades do Rio Grande do Sul entre os anos de 2004 a 2009. Compreende-se Festa de Família como um acontecimento que tem se tornado freqüente na sociedade brasileira contemporânea. O evento apresenta o aspecto ambíguo da busca dos indivíduos por sua ancestralidade em meio ao mundo moderno, no qual a valorização da individualização parece tornar as pessoas menos vinculadas a formas locais e fixas de solidariedade. Vistas como rito - que busca revivificar ou engendrar novas formas identitárias sob novos comportamentos, com as recomposições familiares requeridas pelas situações contemporâneas -, as Festas de Família podem ser percebidas como instrumento de aprendizagem, implicando, desse modo, a continuidade das gerações, dos grupos etários ou dos grupos sociais dentro dos quais elas se produzem. / Anthropological study on family memories that are reorganized with Family Parties, seen as contemporary family rituals, being called Party or Gathering of a given family. The ethnographical research was done with families "in and from" different cities in Rio Grande do Sul between 2004 and 2009. A Family Party is understood as a happening that has become frequent in contemporary Brazilian society. The event presents the ambiguous aspect of the individual's search for their ancestors amidst a modern world, in which the valorization of individualization seems to make people less connected to local and fixed forms of solidarity. Seen as a rite - which aims to revive or engender new forms of identity, with new behaviors, with the family rearrangements required by contemporary situations - the Family Parties can be seen as a learning instrument, implying the continuity of the generations, of the age groups or social groups in which they are produced.

Submitted by Cássia Santos (cassia.bcufg@gmail.com) on 2017-03-31T12:14:03Z No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Paula dos Santos Pereira - 2017.pdf: 2415595 bytes, checksum: 3dbef76a620567a93d77595cb20c3121 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Luciana Ferreira (lucgeral@gmail.com) on 2017-04-03T12:07:03Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Paula dos Santos Pereira - 2017.pdf: 2415595 bytes, checksum: 3dbef76a620567a93d77595cb20c3121 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-04-03T12:07:03Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Paula dos Santos Pereira - 2017.pdf: 2415595 bytes, checksum: 3dbef76a620567a93d77595cb20c3121 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-03-13 / Violence in women’s lives can start in their childhood and perpetuate in adulthood. This indicates that such experiences tend to be transmitted intergenerationally, compromising family structure. This research aimed to understand intergenerational violent behavior in the lives of female victims of violence and to identify their perceptions about the performance of healthcare professionals in the context of their care. A qualitative strategic social research was carried out in the Psychology Service of the Program for Prevention of Violence and Health Promotion, of the Epidemiological Surveillance Control of the Municipal Health Department of Aparecida de Goiânia, GO. Data were collected using a recorded semi-structured interview with ten adult women who are or were in situation of violence and analyzed after transcription using content analysis based on themes. As a result of this process, four categories emerged: “family context of childhood”, “intergenerational violent behavior”, “future expectations”, and “the context of the net of attention to violence against women”. The results showed that violence has been present in these women’s lives since their childhood, that they identify the influence of this phenomenon on their affective relationships and on their children’s lives, which compromises their future lives, and that healthcare services were not perceived as places to support victims, showing the need for changes in the conduction of these cases. It was possible to conclude that violence against women has short-, medium-, and long-term consequences and that this behavior may be transmitted to future generations through a learning process. The performance of healthcare professionals was perceived as deficient, and therefore it is not a reference of support for the victims. Based on the results of this study, we suggest interventions in the victims’ families, broader diffusion of information and qualification on the theme to healthcare professionals and inclusion of the theme violence in college syllabi. / A violência na vida da mulher pode se iniciar desde a sua infância, perpetuando-se em sua vida adulta. Isso denota que tais experiências tendem a ser transmitidas intergeracionalmente, comprometendo todo o cenário familiar. Esta pesquisa teve como objetivos compreender a intergeracionalidade do comportamento violento na vida de mulheres vítimas de violência e identificar suas percepções sobre a atuação do profissional de saúde no contexto de seu atendimento. Foi realizada uma pesquisa social estratégica de abordagem qualitativa, tendo como campo de estudo o Serviço de Psicologia do Programa de Prevenção às Violências e Promoção da Saúde, da Vigilância Epidemiológica da Secretaria Municipal de Saúde de Aparecida de Goiânia, GO. Participaram da pesquisa dez mulheres adultas que estiveram ou estão em situação de violência. Os dados foram coletados por meio de entrevista semiestruturada gravada e, após a transcrição, analisados por meio de análise de conteúdo modalidade temática. A partir disso, emergiram quatro categorias: “o contexto familiar da infância”, “a intergeracionalidade do comportamento violento”, “as expectativas futuras” e “o contexto da rede de atenção à violência contra a mulher”. Os resultados mostraram que a violência está presente na vida dessas mulheres desde a sua infância, que elas identificam a influência deste fenômeno em suas relações afetivas e na vida de seus filhos, comprometendo também suas vidas futuras, e que os serviços de saúde não foram percebidos como locais de apoio às vítimas, mostrando a necessidade de mudanças nas condutas diante destes casos. Conclui-se que a violência contra a mulher gera consequências a curto, médio e longo prazos e que se trata de comportamento que pode ser transmitido para as demais gerações por meio do processo de aprendizagem. Já a atuação dos profissionais da saúde foi percebida como deficitária, não sendo uma referência de apoio às vítimas. Com base nos resultados desta pesquisa, sugerem-se intervenções nas famílias das vítimas, maior divulgação de informações e capacitações sobre o tema para os profissionais da rede e inserção da temática violência em grades curriculares.

A pesquisa teve por objetivo analisar processos de resiliência em mulheres negras, considerando as influências de conteúdos oriundos de transmissão psíquica (familiares negras, descendentes, ascendentes, ancestrais), de simbolismos associados a mulheres negras, e de significados decorrentes do pertencimento a manifestações negras (culturais, políticas, intelectuais, religiosas). Como metodologia, entrevistas (com estratégia de cenas) com quatro mulheres negras de diferentes gerações na mesma família; os dados passaram por análise de conteúdo, com colaboração das entrevistadas. Considerou-se a demanda e interesse por potenciais para a saúde, abordando o problema com enfoque em pontos de resolução e fortalecimento, focalizando prevenção, superações, amadurecimentos, potenciais, e extrapolando o foco exclusivo ou maior em mazelas e impactos negativos. Foi escolhida uma postura de ampliação do panorama considerado na análise do fenômeno, conjugando os contextos individual, social e histórico do problema. Tais posturas estão em consonância com as teorias adotadas, passando pela psicanálise, psicanálise social, psicanálise dos vínculos, psicologia social, psicologia afrocentrada, entre outras, incluindo os recortes racial e de gênero e a abordagem psicossocial. A dissertação tem início pela introdução, com justificativas, enquadramento político e epistemológico, e apresentação da pesquisadora e dos capítulos. O segundo capítulo expõe o problema de pesquisa, apresentando os objetivos geral e específicos. O terceiro trata de mulheres negras, com perfil (histórico, contexto atual e saúde da população negra na primeira parte, e de mulheres negras na segunda) e psicologia e relações raciais (em geral e com recorte de gênero). No quarto, resiliência, subdividido em definições e discussão crítica. No quinto, resiliência em mulheres negras e suas influências, incluindo os itens transmissão psíquica, simbolismos associados a mulheres negras, significados decorrentes do pertencimento a manifestações negras, resiliência em negros(as) e resiliência em mulheres negras. No sexto capítulo, metodologia: colaboradoras, instrumentos, procedimentos, cuidados éticos e análise dos dados. O sétimo é de resultados e discussões, com categorias de análise. A primeira, Feridas até o coração, reúne experiências de adversidades e exposição a vulnerabilidades, discutindo efeitos prejudiciais dessas configurações, que vão desde comprometimentos orgânicos, passando pelos psicossociais e chegando às relações familiares e afetivas. Desde as ancestrais trata da herança relacionada a outras mulheres negras, seja por transmissão psíquica ou advinda de simbolismos. A terceira categoria, Nas tradições, expõe e analisa relatos relacionados ao pertencimento a manifestações negras, sendo possível identificar coerências ou discrepâncias em relação ao aporte teórico sobre enraizamento e pertencimentos, e discutir a influência desses aspectos sobre o processo de resiliência, por meio de reconciliação com sua origem, conscientização de sua história, ressignificação de sua autoimagem, reorientação para a resistência e potencialização da resiliência. A quarta categoria, Erguem-se guerreiras, ilustra e analisa os enfrentamentos e superações. A quinta categoria, Da resistência à resiliência, investiga a influência dos aspectos anteriores sobre a potencialização da resiliência, discutindo como resistência pode promover resiliência, por que meios, a que custo, com que efeito. Cumpridos os objetivos propostos, o oitavo e último capítulo traz lições aprendidas e recomendações. Posteriormente, são informadas as referências e anexados os termos de aceitação livre e esclarecida, o questionário de classificação social e o roteiro da entrevista / It was the objective of this research to analyze the processes of resilience in black women, taking into consideration the influences in content deriving from psychological transmission (black female relatives, descendants, ascendants, ancestors), from the symbolisms associated with black women, and from the meaning deriving from affiliation in black expressions (cultural, political, intellectual, religious). The methodology for the research included interviewing (with strategy with scenes) with four black women from different generations in the same family. The data collected went through content analysis, with the collaboration of the interviewees. The research also took into consideration the interest and demand for potential for health, approaching the problem focused on the points of resolutions and strengthening. It gives emphasis to the prevention, overcoming, personal growth and potentials. This research also goes beyond the main or only concern on adversities and on causing a negative impression impacts. It was chosen a posture at a widening of the view considered in the analysis of the phenomenon, combining individual, social and historical contexts of the problem. Such attitude is tuned to the followed theories, going through psychoanalysis, social psychoanalysis, psychoanalysis of family bonds, social psychology, afro-centered psychology, among others, including race and genre specially and the psychosocial approach. The dissertation begins with the introduction, together with justifications, of the political and epistemological framework and the description to the researcher and the other chapters. Chapter two approaches the problem of the research, its general and specific objectives. The third chapter refers to black women, with a profile (historical, present context and the health of the black population in the first item, and about black women on the second) and psychology and race relations (from a general view and with a race profile). In chapter four, resilience is divided into definitions and a critical discussion. Chapter five, resilience in black women and its influences, including the items psychological transmission, symbolisms associated with black women, meanings resulting from affiliation to a black expression, resilience in black population and resilience in black women. In chapter six, the methodology: collaborators, tools, procedures, ethical care and data analysis. The seventh chapter is dedicated to the results and discussions, with categories for the analysis. In the first category, \"Hurts to the heart\", experiences of facing adversities and exposure to vulnerabilities are put together, discussing the ill effects of those situations that go from organic compromising, through psychosocial up to familiar and affective relations. \"From the ancestors\" covers the heritage passed on by black women, by psychological transmission and resulting from the symbolism. The third category, \"On traditions\", shows and analyzes stories related to affiliation to the black expressions, where it is possible to identify points of coherence or discrepancy in relation to the theoretical aspects regarding the idea of putting down roots and affiliations, and discussing its influence on boosting the process of resilience, through the reconciliation with their origins, getting more awareness of their history, giving a new meaning to their self image, re-orientation for the resistance and potentialization of the resilience. The fourth category Raise themselves black women warriors illustrates and analyzes the clash and overcoming. The fifth category, \"From resistance to resilience\", studies the influence of the aspects above on the potentialization of resilience. It questions about how resistance can encourage resilience, means, costs and effects. Once the proposed goals be achieved, the eight and last chapter brings about lessons learnt and recommendations. Then, the references and the annexed terms of acceptance free and elucidated are presented, as well as the questionnaire for social classification and the list of questions for the interviews

Submitted by Joel de Lima Pereira Castro Junior (joelpcastro@uol.com.br) on 2016-07-08T20:37:26Z No. of bitstreams: 1 TalitaNascimento.pdf: 1443555 bytes, checksum: 61bd242094311a73d36ad2b042f507b2 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Biblioteca de Administração e Ciências Contábeis (bac@ndc.uff.br) on 2016-07-18T18:52:08Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 TalitaNascimento.pdf: 1443555 bytes, checksum: 61bd242094311a73d36ad2b042f507b2 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-07-18T18:52:08Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 TalitaNascimento.pdf: 1443555 bytes, checksum: 61bd242094311a73d36ad2b042f507b2 (MD5) / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / Fundação Oswaldo Cruz / Ao longo da história, o trabalho passou por transformações significativas. Foram incorporadas diversas tecnologias ao seu processo, novas formas de gestão foram implementadas e as relações de trabalho se transformaram, sendo flexibilizadas, e algumas vezes, precarizadas. Com isso, os processos de subjetivação dos trabalhadores também foram impactados e, a partir do contexto em que é desempenhado, podem-se identificar diversos sentidos atribuídos ao trabalho. O setor público, afetado pelas transições do mundo do trabalho e dos modelos de sociedade, também passou por transformações e particularmente, no caso brasileiro, observase uma série de tentativas de reforma para modernizar a administração pública, sendo a última a reforma gerencial iniciada na década de 1990. Isso faz com que a relação dos servidores com o trabalho se altere no decorrer do tempo, e essa relação é fundamental para a prestação de serviços públicos de qualidade. Nesse sentido, o presente estudo tem por objetivo analisar os sentidos do trabalho para servidores públicos de diferentes gerações de técnicoadministrativos da UNIRIO. Para isso, foram analisados alguns documentos institucionais importantes, como o Plano de Desenvolvimento Institucional, e realizadas 25 entrevistas com servidores técnico-administrativos das duas gerações identificadas na pesquisa, que foram analisadas através da técnica de análise de conteúdo. A pesquisa pôde então concluir que os sentidos atribuídos ao trabalho pelos servidores das diferentes gerações apresentam similaridades e diferenças. Para ambas o trabalho é definido como execução de tarefas com finalidade e recompensa e como instrumento que desempenha importantes funções para o bem-estar dos indivíduos. No entanto, os servidores da Geração 1 atribuem uma centralidade maior ao trabalho, dotando-o de uma forte dimensão subjetiva e de um conteúdo vital para sua construção identitária, enquanto que a Geração 2 atribui uma centralidade baixa ao trabalho, com preponderância das dimensões objetiva e material e reduzido engajamento subjetivo. A tensão entre as duas gerações de pesquisa prejudica o processo de sucessão geracional e ressalta a importância da análise dos sentidos do trabalho em uma perspectiva geracional. Bem como, identifica-se a necessidade de políticas públicas voltadas para a valorização dos servidores de diferentes gerações a fim de viabilizar as reformas administrativas e a transformação da cultura pública, necessárias a melhoria da qualidade e efetividade dos serviços públicos. / Throughout history, the work underwent significant transformations. Were incorporated several technologies to its process, new forms of management were implemented and labor relations were transformed, being eased, and sometimes precarized. Thus, the processes of subjectivation of workers also were impacted, and from the context in which it is played, can be identified many meanings attributed to work. The public sector, affected by the transitions from the workplace and societal models also have changed and particularly in the case of Brazil, there is a series of reform efforts to modernize public administration, the last management reform started in the 1990s. This makes the ratio of servers with work to change over the time, and this relationship is fundamental to the provision of quality public services. Accordingly, this study aims to analyze the meanings of work for civil servants from different generations of the technical administrators of UNIRIO. To this end, we analyzed some important institutional documents, such as the Institutional Development Plan, and conducted 25 interviews with technical administrators of two generations identified in the survey, which were analyzed by the technique of content analysis. The research could then conclude that the meanings attributed to work by the servers of different generations have similarities and differences. For both the job is defined as performing tasks with purpose and reward and as an instrument that plays important roles for the welfare of individuals. However, the servers from Generation-1 allocate a greater centrality to the work, giving it a strong subjective dimension and a content vital to their identity, while Generation 2 assigns a low centrality to work, with a preponderance of objective dimensions and reduced material and subjective engagement. The tension between the two generations of research undermines the process of generational succession and underscores the importance of analyzing the meanings of work in a generational perspective. As well, it identifies the need for public policies for the valuation of different generations of servers to allow for administrative reforms and transformation of public culture, necessary to improve the quality and effectiveness of public services.

La réception plurielle du développement durable interpelle et interroge. Malléable, il fédère les différents acteurs de la société qui l’utilisent à différentes fins, traduisant ainsi la difficulté de la définition de sa nature juridique. Est-il un droit contraignant impliquant des obligations ? Au moyen de quel mécanisme peut-il être respecté ? A partir de ces interrogations, se dessine tout l’intérêt juridique devant être porté au développement durable. Du point de vue académique, il nous permet de concilier la philosophie naturaliste du droit avec sa traduction dans l’ordre juridique. Décloisonnant les branches du droit, il crée des interactions entre les différents foyers normatifs dans un ordre qui apparaît sous la forme d’un réseau. De par cette circulation, le développement durable se présente comme une force créatrice de droits à travers lesquels il tend à devenir un droit objectif. Du point de vue humain, il reconnaît la possibilité de croire à un avenir pour notre postérité. Au-delà, il se présente comme un droit du vivant promis à évoluer de génération en génération, constituant déjà en lui-même l’expression du patrimoine dont nous héritons de nos ancêtres et destiné au futur. / The plural reception of the sustainable development questions us. Malleable it federates the various actors who use in various purposes so translating the difficulty of the definition of its legal nature. Is it a binding law implying obligations ? How can it be respected? From these questions, he appears all the interest of the legal study of the sustainable development. From the academic point of view, he links the naturalistic philosophy of the right with his translation in the legal legal network. Which decompartmentalizes areas of law, he creates interactions wich each other. The sustainable development creating the right and tends to become a blinding law.From the human point of view, he recognizes the possibility of believing in a future for our offspring. Beyond, he appears as a right of alive promised to evolve from generation to generation, already establishing in himself the expression of the heritage of which we inherit from our ancestors and intended for the future.

金融科技正在全世界盛行，因應時代潮流趨勢，也推出新的金融服務與因而衍生出智慧型手機的行動服務。隨著科技的演進與變化促使產業陸續往前發展，而金融與科技的交鋒，再次把金融創新推向另一個新的競爭起點與啟動新的經濟系統，在傳統桌上電腦漸漸被平板電腦及智慧型手機取代之際，科技的擴展已在金融業產生不可阻擋的力量。金融科技若可藉此改善客戶之服務、重視風險之管理、提升經營之效率、降低營運之成本，將可能被大家所能接受。然而，傳統金融業採用新技術的速度很難與新生金融科技公司相抗衡，而客戶的需要不再只是實體營業據點，而是金融科技的功能與特色，這一切帶動了如同爆炸式的金融業環境的改變與產生新的競爭面相。 世界經濟論壇將金融科技分為六大類，支付(Payment)、保險(Insurance)、存放款(Deposit & Lending)、資本募集(Capital Raising)、投資管理(Investment Management)及市場資訊供應(Market Provision)。隨著金融環境的變化，探討金融科技的創新。本文分析探討台灣FinTech的未來可能發展。本研究總結，建議放寬金融行業數位化與線上服務及允許金融業轉投資金融科技相關產業外，更應該以具體政策與法規環境，鼓勵金融科技相關新創事業。另外，就法規方面而言，我國的法規仍然相對嚴格，且存在較多的管制。期許未來金融科技辦公室在制定金融科技發展策略時，能以金融科技生態系統的宏觀角度來思考，為金融科技新創事業的發展，創造有利的法規環境。政治大學商學院開始有金融科技相關課程，送政大學生去美國矽谷實習擁抱國際，台灣更需要的是「人才的培養」。把臺灣變成亞洲人工智慧的重要研發中心，來迎戰數位時代的來臨。 / Everybody talks about FinTech these days. Everything is changed very quickly. The bank is no longer a "place" but "something you do." Evolution and changes in technology have prompted the industry move forward, while the Financial and Technology confrontation, again another financial innovations to new competition and start a new starting point Economic systems, personal computers gradually replace the Tablet PC and smartphone occasion, the spread of technology has in the banking industry unstoppable force. We really need to learn how technology affects us in this changing world. The study is to investigate the evolution and development of FinTech. World Economic Forum make FinTech into six parts. Payment, Insurance, Deposit & Lending, Capital Raising, Investment Management and Market Provision. The study focus on the financial environment changes, explores innovative financial technology. Analysis of the actual situation at home and abroad using the FinTech explores Taiwan FinTech possible future development. The study make a conclusion that the most important thing we have to do now is to make a better law and give young people a chance to study FinTech and to let young people have a chance to try to startup a new FinTech company. Young people, so called, “Digital Generations” has to consolidate the core value of the financial technology. Hope more and more students can go to Silicon Valley to learn how the financial technology works there.

This research is guided by the assertion that, as American society journeys through the post-modern transition, many established churches are struggling to respond adequately to cultural change within a fragmented generational context. It further is argued that the resulting ineffectiveness of many of these churches in transmitting the Christian tradition to Gen Xers, the first post-modern generation, threatens the ability of these churches to sustain their witness through this period. This project advances the hypothesis that, if established churches are to sustain their witness through the post-modern transition, they must engage in a process of missional renewal that encompasses Generation X. When considered from both a sociological and a theological perspective, this process must be seen as entailing a commitment to intergenerational reconciliation and justice. Chapter one provides an introduction to this study and explains how it is situated within the discipline of Practical Theology. Following Heitink (1999:6), Practical Theology is defined as “the mediation of the Christian faith in the praxis of modern society.” Chapter two offers additional theoretical foundations through an exploration of the intergenerational praxis of the church within the intergenerational praxis of society. In chapter three, essential historical background is provided through an exploration of the influence of modernity in shaping the praxis of American society, as well as the influence of the Christendom paradigm in guiding the church’s praxis. This chapter also explores the emergence of institutional structures that have fostered distance between the generations, as well as the impact of these changes upon the intergenerational praxis of the church. Chapter four examines the complexities associated with the post-modern paradigm shift. Generation X is introduced as a generation whose formative years most closely approximate this period. Generation X is shown to be a misunderstood and maligned generation possessing discontinuous cultural values. In chapter five, the “marriage” of Christendom and modernity is shown to limit the ability of established churches to respond faithfully to the post-modern turn. The intergenerational dynamics of these churches also are shown to hinder their response. This chapter demonstrates that the resulting absence of the first post-modern generation from these churches places their continued viability at risk. Chapter six explores the need for these churches to experience missional renewal. A case is made for the participation of Generation X as a crucial consideration in this pursuit. The issue of “process” is shown to be important in helping churches negotiate the challenges of missional renewal. Chapter seven advances the assertion that, from both theological and sociological perspectives, intergenerational reconciliation and justice must be seen as integral dimensions of the missional renewal process. In chapter eight, the argument developed in the preceding chapters is subjected to empirical evaluation. The results of a survey conducted among churches from five denominations lend credibility to this study’s hypothesis. The final chapter (nine) introduces the “Missional Change Model” as one strategic framework through which established churches might be guided in pursuing missional renewal. This chapter also demonstrates how this model might help to facilitate intergenerational reconciliation and justice. / Thesis (DPhil)--University of Pretoria, 2009. / Practical Theology / unrestricted

Subject of this degree work is economic activity. This degree work shows progress of demographic characteristic and demographic behaviour, which affects economic activity citizens. In another part of degree work, issue of demographic behaviour is extended by new phenomenon demographic window. This degree work tries to prove or disprove existence of this phenomenno on region of Czech Republic. Existence of demographic window is proves or disproved by historical development of individual economic generations in region of Czech Republic and in her individual areas.Existence of demographic window is proved during historical development of Czech Republic. Demographic window is expressively opened since 1990. Its existence is proved in individual areas of Czech Republic too. Duration of its existence is affected by development of first and third economic generations in individual areas. In season of demographic window is performed analyze of rate of economic activity in Czech Republic and individual areas which is depended on demographic charakteristics. This charakteristics are age, gender and education. In the Czech Republic, we can find areas, where is distinctively higher or less rate of economic activity than in whole Czech Republic and remaining areas.

Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is a common cardiovascular disease that frequently recurs and is associated with significant numbers of death annually. The influence of the hereditary risk factors is not yet firmly established but twin and family studies suggest that heritability is about 50%. Several genetic risk factors have been identified by genomeHwide association studies (GWAS) but they do not explain all of the missing heritability of VTE. NextHgeneration sequencing (NGS) has revolutionized the genetic analysis of disease and has been used to discover the genes underlying unsolved Mendelian disorders. It has also been used to identify rare alleles which may help explain the missing heritability for complex diseases. The study population of this study consisted of 32 randomly chosen VTE patients from the MATSHstudy (Malmö Thrombophilia Study). The seventeen genes that in earlier studies have been shown to be associated with VTE were examined and the identified VTEHrelated mutations were compared to the general population. The results showed that Ion TorrentHsequencing effectively provided good coverage and read depth in all of the sequenced genes. Optimization of the primer panels resulted in higher and more balanced coverage and the quality of the results in this study was on an overall high level. A total of 215 variants were detected – 62 in exons, 8 in splice and 145 in introns. One Mendelian mutation was detected in PROC and rare variants were found in F2 and FGG. The most common risk factor (F5 Leiden) was highly enriched with 25% in this study compared to 3% in a background population. / Venös tromboembolism (VTE) är en vanlig, ofta återkommande, kardiovaskulär sjukdom som associeras med åtskilliga dödsfall årligen. De ärftliga riskfaktorernas påverkan är inte fullständigt kartlagda ännu men tvillingH och familjestudier antyder att ärftligheten kan vara runt 50%. Ett flertal genetiska riskfaktorer har identifierats genom genome$wide association studies (GWAS) men de förklarar inte hela den saknade ärftlighetskomponenten för VTE. NästaHgenerationsHsekvensering (NGS) har revolutionerat den genetiska sjukdomsanalysen och har använts för att upptäcka de gener som ligger bakom tidigare olösta Mendelska sjukdomstillstånd. Man har även använt NGS för att identifiera rara alleler som kan hjälpa till att förklara de saknade ärftlighetskomponenterna för nedärvning av komplexa sjukdomar. Studiepopulationen I den här undersökningen utgjordes av 32 slumpmässigt utvalda VTEHpatienter från Malmö Thrombophilia Study (MATS). De sjutton gener som I tidigare studier har visat sig vara associerade med VTE undersöktes och de identifierade VTEHrelaterade mutationerna jämfördes med en normalpopulation. Resultaten visade att Ion TorrentHsekvensering ger bra täckningsgrad och läsdjup i alla de sekvenserade generna. Optimering av primerHpanelerna resulterade i en mer balanserad täckningsgrad och resultatkvaliteten i den här studien var på en generellt hög nivå. Totalt 215 varianter detekterades – 62 i exon, 8 i splice och 145 i introner. En Mendelsk mutation detekterades I PROC och rara varianter hittades i F2 och FGG. Den starkaste och vanligaste riskfaktorn (F5 Leiden) var högt anrikad i den här studien med 25% jämfört med 3% i en bakgrundspopulation.