Text in Afrikaans / It is alarming that psychologists are in many cases insufficiently trained with regard to homosexuality. Against this background and on the basis of a literature study and empirical research, this study aims to provide guidelines to educational psychologists on working with homosexual clients. Within the Educational Psychology, a person's self actualisation rests on three pilars, namely experience, meaning assignation and involvement. The premise of the qualitative research (focus group interviews) used in this study is homosexual persons' experience of psychologists - the investigation was therefore approached from an Educational Psychology viewpoint. Altogether 75% of the focus group respondents' experience of psychologists was negative. The possibility exists that insufficient training may cause insufficient knowledge and insight, which in turn may lead to homosexual persons' negative experiences of psychologists. It is therefore imperative that the aspect of training of psychologists with regard to homosexuality will receive attention. / Educational Studies / M.Ed.

This analysis concerns four picture books that in different ways address the topic of children in rainbow families. The purpose of the study is to analyse how rainbow families are portrayed in the picture books by the authors and illustrators. In carrying out the analysis, we assess how the texts and pictures are used to depict the families. We also look at how the books are didactically structured to raise the reader’s awareness of rainbow families. Our hope is that this study will inspire teachers to use picture books when teaching to broaden students’ understanding of different family structures. One result of the analysis is that the formation of a family plays a significant part in these books. We have also observed that the books are didactic in different ways to draw attention to and normalise families with homosexual parents. All four picture books have their depiction of the families in common - they all show the families as happy with parents in stable relationships.

Background: in the late 1970s, HIV had a sudden outbreak in Africa, and in the late 1980 ́s the rest of the world was informed about the epidemic. Due to increased level of the infected people around the world HIV has been the cause of many deaths worldwide, and unfortunately HIV continues to spread. HIV is today, considered to be a incurable virus disease, but due to antiviral medication that allows individuals who are infected with HIV cancause of spreading HIV during 1980, which subjected these men to stigmatizing and discriminatory attitudes, especially in health care.  Aim: To explore how homosexual HIV-infected men describe their experiences of treatment from healthcare professionals. Method:  A literature review based on six qualitative articles, three quantitative article and one mixed approach article Results: The result consisted of one main themes and three subthemes. The first theme is experienced lack of knowledge with three subthemes: experiences of worthy care, experience of being denied care and the experiences of stigmatizing and/ or discriminatory attitudes. The main theme highlights how healthcare professionals lack of knowledge affects healthcare. The different subthemes discusses HIV-infected homosexual men ́s experiences of healthcare as both negative and positive. Discussion: The discussions are divided into four sections: the need for increased knowledge, experiences of being denied care and/or experiences of worthy care, stigmatization and discriminatory attitudes impact on patients care and geographical differences. This section was discussed by using Katie Eriksson nursing theory about care suffering, the background of the literature review and by using new research. / Bakgrund: I slutet av 1970-talet fick HIV ett plötsligt utbrott i Afrika, och i slutet av 1980-talet fick resten av världen höra talas om epidemin. Sjukdomen har orsakat många dödsfall världen över, och fortsätter att spridas sig. Idag anses HIV att vara en obotlig virussjukdom, som på grund av antivirala mediciner gör att individer som är smittade med HIV kan leva ett normalt liv. Homosexuella HIV-smittade män blev under 1980-talet skuldbelagda för att förorsaka HIV. Som resultat av detta har dessa män utsatts för stigmatiserande och diskriminerande attityder, speciellt inom sjukvården. Syfte: Att undersöka hur homosexuella HIV-smittade män beskriver sina upplevelser kring bemötandet från hälso- och sjukvårdspersonal. Metod: En litteraturöversikt som baserades på sex kvalitativa artiklar, tre kvantitativa artiklar och en mixad metod. Resultat: Resultatet bestod av ett huvudteman och tre subteman. Det första temat var: Upplevd kunskapsbrist, med tre subteman: upplevelsen av att få värdig vård, upplevelsen att bli vägrad vård samt rädsla för stigmatiserande och/eller diskriminerande attityder. Huvudtemat lyfter upp hur hälso- och sjukvårdspersonalens kunskapsbrist påverkar sjukvården. De olika subteman behandlar HIV-smittade homosexuella mäns upplevelser av sjukvården som både negativ och positiv. Diskussion: Resultatdiskussionen delades in i fyra avsnitt: upplevelsen av att bli nekad vård och/eller upplevelsen av att bli hörd, stigmatiserande och diskriminerande attityders påverkan på patientens vård, behov av ökad kunskap samt geografiska skillnader. Avsnittet diskuteras utifrån Katies Erikssons omvårdnadsteori om vårdlidande, litteraturöversiktens bakgrund samt med hjälp av ny forskning.

The purpose of this paper is to synthesize literatures on stress, social support, symbolic interaction, and de Certeau as they pertain to the recovery of a homosexually-identified individual from a homophobic interaction. A model of the initial stressful interaction as well as the interaction between a homosexually-identified individual and his socially-supportive network is posited with the consumption of culturally-disseminated roles and the salience of role-identities as the mechanisms by which it works. The model is then considered as a form of resistance in the light of broader gay liberation social movements. The study focuses on white, middle-class, American, homosexually-identified males in order to control for variations that might occur from variables of race, class, nationality, and gender. Queer theoretical, essentialist, and postpositivist realist perspectives on identity are considered. The thesis concludes with possible future directions for an empirical study using the model outlined above.

In this research I examine the complexity of male sexuality and masculinity among male sex workers in New Orleans. Despite danger to their health and social standing, men engage in risky sexual behavior with other men for both business and pleasure. These behaviors may stem from the thrill of risk itself, or from other causes such as unexplored sexual inhibitions on the part of the male sex workers or their clients. Focusing on male sex workers, this ethnographic study explores why male sex workers engage in work that is high risk and potentially very dangerous. It examines the world of male sex work as one of the few places where men who adopt homosexual identity and those who refuse it are in intimate contact with one another. It offers us the opportunity to address questions about male sexual identity and homosexual desire, while attempting to understand the commodified spatial practices of a sexual culture in New Orleans.

Este estudo tem por objetivo compreender o papel das relações de gênero e da sexualidade na edificação concreta e simbólica do cotidiano da escola para indagar pelas complexas tramas de significados e normas culturalmente disponíveis na definição das identidades e nos modos como as feminilidades homossexuais são vividas, produzidas, mantidas e reproduzidas por garotas, entre 16 e 17 anos, que se consideram lésbicas, homossexuais ou bissexuais, em uma escola pública estadual de ensino médio na cidade de São Paulo.Tratase de uma pesquisa de caráter exploratório, de natureza qualitativa, que examinou os modos pelos quais as garotas elaboram suas experiências, como vivenciam as interações, a sociabilidade e constroem suas identidades no ambiente escolar. Na investigação empírica realizada na instituição escolar, diversos métodos foram utilizados para coleta de dados: observações, questionários, entrevistas individuais semi-estruturadas e grupos de discussão. Para entender a escola como espaço sócio-cultural na produção de identidades sexuais e de gênero, bem como a validação de determinadas formas de viver as masculinidades, feminilidades e a sexualidade, além dos conceitos de gênero e sexualidade, foram fundamentais as reflexões teóricas sobre os processos identitários e de socialização, experiência e estigma. Espaço e tempo foram considerados elos de um mesmo fluxo de formação, relação e aprendizagens. Os resultados obtidos evidenciaram que os usos do espaço e do tempo na escola definem estratégias de condutas e organizam socializações, determinam o aceitável e o impróprio. Nesse processo, foi possível notar tensões, táticas e astúcias que oportunizavam o questionamento da heteronormatividade na escola, mas a escola e as relações escolares nela presentes evidenciavam arranjos sutis para o exercício do controle, da vigilância e da garantia de um cotidiano quase inteiramente heterossexual. Esta discriminação das feminilidades homossexuais ocorre mediante uma coação peremptória visando ocultação, silenciamento e dissimulação das formas de viver a sexualidade não-heterossexual, bloqueando e impedindo vínculos de amor e afeto entre as garotas. Em seus processos de socialização da sexualidade a estigmatização ocorre de forma velada e ambígua interpelando-as para uma experiência discreta, separada, legitimando a transformação de diferenças em desigualdades. / This study aims to comprehend the role of gender and sexuality relations on the concrete and symbolical conception of the scholar quotidian, to inquire, by the complex treads of meanings and cultural available rules about the definition of identities and about the ways in which the homosexual femininities are lived, produced, kept and reproduced by girls in their 16s or 17s, who considerate themselves lesbians, homosexuals or bisexuals, in a public high school in the state of São Paulo. It is a research with an exploratory background, with a qualitative nature, which examined the ways that the girls elaborate their experiences, how they live the interactions, the sociability and build their identities on the scholar environment. On the empiric investigation accomplished on the scholar institution, a number of methods were used to gather the data: observations, questionnaires, individual and semi-structured interviews, and, also, discussion groups. To the understanding of school as a sociocultural space that produces sexual and gender identities, and to the understanding of the validation of some specific ways to experience the masculinities, femininities and the sexuality, besides the concepts of gender and sexuality, the theoretical reflections about the identificatory and socialization processes and about experience and stigma were mandatory. Space and time were considered links of a same flux of formation, relation and learning. The obtained results show that the usage of space and time in school defines strategies of procedures and organizes socializations, determines what is acceptable and what is not proper. In this process, it was possible to notice tensions, tactics and guiles which made possible the questioning of the heteronormativity in school, but the school and its relations clearly showed subtle arrangements to the controlling and surveillance of the questioning and to the guarantee of a quotidian which can be considered almost heterosexual. This discrimination of the homosexual femininities occurs through an assertive coercion, which tries to hide, mute and dissimulate the ways there is to live a non-heterosexual sexuality, blocking and stopping bonds of love and affection between the girls. In its processes of sexuality socialization, the stigmatization occurs in a hidden and ambiguous way, dragging them to a experience which becomes discreet, separated, legitimating the transformation of differences into inequalities.

Esta dissertação investiga a problemática da formação do movimento homossexual brasileiro em sua relação com o ciclo de protestos da liberalização e abertura política, no período de 1978-1982. Tendo como norteamento teórico a perspectiva da teoria do processo político, o texto procurou oferecer uma alternativa explicativa que tratasse da dinâmica social interna do movimento homossexual, mas também vinculasse ao contexto político mais amplo. O argumento principal consistiu em resgatar os laços do fenômeno com sua conjuntura, isto é, com o ciclo de protesto da liberalização de 1978 a 1982, de modo a explicar o porquê desse movimento ter surgido no momento em que surgiu. A hipótese central é a de que a inserção dos ativistas em determinados espaços abertos pela dilatação das oportunidades culturais permitiram aos ativistas o re-enquadramento das dimensões do conflito político. Essas oportunidades foram compostas, basicamente, pela imprensa alternativa e pela cultura artística marginal do período. Esses dois espaços de produção e distribuição de bens simbólicos funcionaram como estruturas de mobilização. A inserção dos ativistas nesses espaços e o consumo de bens simbólicos contraculturais resultaram, portanto, em enquadramentos interpretativos e repertórios de ação coletiva voltados para a construção coletiva de uma estética política individualista. Ou seja, essa combinação tornou possível a produção de uma estética da homossexualidade, a construção coletiva de uma identidade política fora do gueto homossexual e, por fim, a vocalização política dos homossexuais. / This dissertation investigates the problem of the formation of Brazilian Homosexual Movement in its relation to the cycle of protests in liberalization and Brazilian political redemocratization, 1978-1982. We have as theoretical direction the perspective of the theory of the political process, this work has sought to provide an alternative explanation that treats the internal social dynamics of the homosexual movement, but also connect this dynamics to the broader political context. The main argument was to discover the ties of the phenomenon with their environment, i. e, the cycle of protest liberalization from 1978 to 1982 and explain why this movement has arisen at that specific time. The central hypothesis is that the inclusion of activists in certain free spaces, provided by the cultural opportunities, allowed these activists reframing of the dimensions of political conflict. These opportunities were the activities of alternative media and the underground artistic field. These two areas of production and distribution of symbolic goods functioned as mobilization structures. The insertion of these activists in these spaces and the consumption of countercultural symbolic goods resulted in political frames and repertoires of collective action that builded the construction of a collective political individualist aesthetic. This combination made it possible to produce an aesthetic of homosexuality and the collective construction of a political identity outside of \"gay ghetto\" and vocal political homosexuals.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-28T20:39:06Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Adailson da Silva Moreira.pdf: 1846056 bytes, checksum: c3c60dc1c9b1d4be608695551f55af5f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-06-26 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / Aging is a phase of life marked by complexity and heterogeneity, there are several ways of being old and live the oldness. In addition, the increasing technological development has provided live longer and better, which implies the possibility of maintaining youthfulness in all areas of life, and in particular, the availability to the affection and sexuality until very advanced ages. Within the male elderly population we can find a considerable portion of individuals who are homosexual, although they do not appear in researches because the sexual orientation is not always taken into consideration in this type of survey. However, with the advancement of acceptance of human sexual diversity, different individuals of different orientations and ages begin to appear in their singularities and specificities. In order to describe and understand the issues and conflicts involved in the male homosexual aging process, we conducted a qualitative study, with 12 participants, at 50 years old or more, to identify how male homosexual experience, perceive and elaborate changes from the aging and the strategies used to deal with this process, building an analysis of their experiences in the light of Analytical Psychology and using the Content Analysis method proposed by Bardin to proceed the analysis of the verbal content. After identification and preliminary grouping, it was possible to identify three major categories to which pointed the research resulting material: life and family stories, sexuality and affective and work relationships and perceptions of aging. The survey results suggest that the male homosexuals who get old had to learn to integrate aspects of their sexuality and affection to consciousness, which means learning to live with both their guidance and advanced age and also dealing with the limitations and obstacles naturally arising in the process to achieve a healthier oldness. Those who thus have yet to experience difficulties and limitations, not reaching satisfactory level of quality of life. The survey results also suggest that the contact with aging provides, on the one hand, the consciousness of positive aspects, as a greater maturity towards himself and life, a better capacity for decision and coping, feeling attractive and happiness. And also considered negative aspects such as disease and signs of age, difficulty with new technologies, lack of affection, nostalgia, loneliness, regrets and fears / O envelhecimento é uma fase da vida marcada pela complexidade e heterogeneidade, existindo várias formas de ser velho e de se viver a velhice. O crescente desenvolvimento tecnológico tem propiciado viver mais e melhor, o que implica na possibilidade de manutenção da jovialidade em todas as áreas da vida, e em especial, a disponibilidade para o afeto e a sexualidade até idades bem avançadas. Dentro do universo masculino de idosos encontra-se parcela considerável de indivíduos que são homossexuais, embora não apareçam nas pesquisas porque a orientação sexual quase nunca é levada em consideração neste tipo de levantamento. Com o avanço da aceitação da diversidade sexual humana, os diferentes indivíduos de diferentes orientações e idades começam a aparecer nas suas singularidades e especificidades. Com o objetivo de descrever e compreender as questões e os eventuais conflitos envolvidos no processo de envelhecimento homossexual masculino, realizamos estudo qualitativo, com 12 participantes, com idade igual ou superior a 50 anos, para identificar de que maneira homens homossexuais vivenciam, percebem e elaboram as mudanças oriundas do envelhecimento e as estratégias utilizadas para lidar com este processo, construindo uma análise de suas vivências à luz da Psicologia Analítica e utilizando o método de Análise de Conteúdo, proposto por Bardin para proceder à análise do conteúdo verbal. Após a identificação e agrupamento preliminares, foi possível identificar três grandes categorias para as quais apontavam o material resultante da pesquisa: histórias de vida e família, sexualidade e relações afetivas e de trabalho e percepções do envelhecer. Os resultados da pesquisa constataram que homens homossexuais que envelhecem tiveram que aprender a integrar aspectos de sua sexualidade e afeto à consciência, o que quer dizer aprender a conviver tanto com sua orientação quanto com a idade mais avançada e também a lidar com as limitações e obstáculos naturalmente surgidos no decorrer do processo para se alcançar uma velhice mais saudável. Os que assim não conseguiram passam ainda por dificuldades e limitações, não alcançando nível satisfatório de qualidade de vida. Os resultados da pesquisa constataram também que o contato com o envelhecimento proporciona, por um lado, a consciência de aspectos positivos, como um amadurecimento maior diante de si mesmo e da vida, capacidade maior de decisão e enfrentamento, sentir-se atraente e felicidade. E também de aspectos considerados negativos, como as doenças e sinais da idade, dificuldade com novas tecnologias, carência afetiva, saudosismo, solidão, arrependimentos e medos

FundaÃÃo Cearense de Apoio ao Desenvolvimento Cientifico e TecnolÃgico / CoordenaÃÃo de AperfeiÃoamento de Pessoal de NÃvel Superior / Esta pesquisa à um trabalho sobre a educaÃÃo sexual escolarizada atravÃs do diÃlogo entre a escola e o movimento homossexual no processo de formaÃÃo docente continuada sobre gÃnero e diversidade sexual, realizado pelo Grupo de ResistÃncia Asa Branca â GRAB, em 2007, com educadores/as de escolas pÃblicas de Fortaleza/CE. DiÃlogo sobre a desconstruÃÃo dos significados e sentidos atribuÃdos à sexualidade humana, com o objetivo do enfrentamento Ãs desigualdades sociais oriundas da homofobia dirigida a lÃsbicas, gays, bissexuais, travestis e transexuais - LGBTT. Desse modo, esta pesquisa debate sobre as fragilidades e as possibilidades da escola para o desenvolvimento de prÃticas educativas de reconhecimento e defesa da identidade de gÃnero e da diversidade sexual, visando compreender seus limites e observar suas oportunidades. Assim, pretende-se contribuir para a constituiÃÃo de uma educaÃÃo sexual escolarizada de enfrentamento à homofobia, no sentido de pensar prÃticas educativas que proporcionem relaÃÃes sociais positivas com LGBTT no ambiente escolar. / This research is a paper about sexual educated education through the dialog between school and the homossexual movement in teaching continued formation about gender and sexual diversity, done by The Grupo de ResistÃncia Asa Branca â GRAB, in 2007, with Fortalezaâs public schoolsâ educators. The dialog about the destruction of the meanings and senses attributed to the human sexuality, with the objective of facing the social unequalities born from homofobia directed to lesbians, gays, bisexuals, transvestites and transexuals â LGBTT. In this way, the present research debates the fragilities and the possibilities of the schools to the development of educative practice of recognizing and defense of the genderâs identity and of sexual diversity, in a way to comprehend its limits and to observe its opportunities. So, it is intended to contribute with the constitution of a sexual educated education on facing the homofobia, in the sense of thinking of educative practices, which provides positive social relationships with LGBTT in the school environment.

自1995年聯合國世界婦女大會提倡性別主流化行動綱領開始，多元性別意識逐漸為各國所意識，這股潮流隨著同志運動的興起，也將同性戀權益透過民間或政府的力量納入到法律或政策當中。而許多針對同性戀者職場處境的文獻也反映出，多數職場仍充斥著異性戀霸權的規範，因此，對同性戀者工作權的保障成為多元性別議題中重要的一環。和多數針對私人企業員工的研究調查相較，本文的研究對象係服務於公部門中的公務人員。透過對同性戀公務人員、和職場相關異性戀公務人員的深度訪談，本研究發現，由於不同的影響因素，同性戀公務人員之間存在性傾向處理策略的差異，且除了自身的影響因素外，公部門亦存在若干特質讓同性戀公務人員難以改變目前的處理策略。最後本文根據訪談結果提出建立友善同志職場的幾點建議。