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In this study we have investigated how local journalists in Kalmar think when they choose their sources to interview. We have also studied several factors that can affect their choices of sources. We have interviewed eight news journalists from the two largest local news papers Barometern and Östran in Kalmar. The journalists were asked about the sources they often use as interview objects. They were supposed to tell about how they think when choosing sources and define which sources they commonly use. There are different factors that can affect the choices and we have narrowed them down to ethics, source critics, credibility, stress, hard production conditions, public and their own interest and if they consider themselves to be individualistic or controlled by the news desks. Furthermore the journalists were asked to characterize what changes they would make when choosing sources in a perfect world. All of the journalists had not reflected prominently on the subject of sources before our research. But most of them could perceive different views. Hence the study became essential for them as well as us. We found various perspectives very interesting. For instance the interviews showed that the journalists frequently use the same sources on account of the limitation of time and number of sources in Kalmar. There is a lack of using intimidating sources which opinions the journalists do not agree with. The personal network of sources is crucial to the reporter in finding important information and relevant interview objects. The reporters in our research are more individualistic than controlled by the news desks. However the news bosses may affect their choices of sources by telling them which sources are credible and worthy to fit in the news papers. Sometimes they even arrange interviews with sources. The journalists seek within themselves to find out what the readers may be interested in. But captivatingly they cannot know for sure what the public will appreciate to read.

Att svenska medier hotas blir allt vanligare. Denna undersökning syftar till att diskutera omfattningen av hot mot journalister och beskriva hotens karaktär genom att lyssna till journalisternas egna erfarenheter. Undersökningen är kvalitativ och bygger på semistrukturerade intervjuer med sex verksamma journalister, varav tre har redaktionellt ansvar. Vi har besökt ett antal redaktioner som har erfarenhet av hot och vänt oss till vissa nyckelpersoner. Utifrån syftet har vi formulerat följande frågeställningar: Vilka uttryck tar sig hoten mot lokaltidningsredaktioner och enskilda medarbetare? Finns det en handlingsplan på redaktionerna när medarbetare hotas? Hur ser den i så fall ut? Vad anser de enskilda journalisterna att hot får för konsekvenser för det journalistiska arbetssättet och – i förlängningen – även demokratin? Vår forskningsfråga blir således: om, och i så fall varför, journalister på lokaltidningar uppfattar att olika typ av direkta hot mot dem ökat och vilka konsekvenser journalisterna anser att detta kan ha för deras yrkesutövning. Resultatet av studien visar att alla respondenter har fått hot och trakasserier riktade mot sig och/eller redaktionen. Samtliga upplever att hoten mot journalister har ökat de senaste åren och att hoten i dag tar sig andra uttryck. Till exempel har det blivit vanligare att representanter från den organiserade brottsligheten försöker påverka vad som publiceras och inte. På alla redaktioner vi besökt finns handlingsplaner och riktlinjer för hur man ska gå till väga när en journalist eller redaktion utsätts för hot. Samtliga lokaltidningsredaktioner har också varit tvungna att ta till säkerhetsåtgärder som en direkt konsekvens av att de upplever en ökad hotbild. Majoriteten av respondenterna berättar om hur man i ett tidigt skede har ändrat i artiklar på grund av rädsla för att utsättas för hot.

Diss. Umeå : Umeå universitet, 2007. / På titelbladet felaktigt: "2002"

Aktierekommendationer som publiceras för allmänheten kan tas fram av både analytiker och journalister. Trots att de till synes har samma arbetsuppgifter finns skillnader i hur de arbetar. Analytiker har enligt tidigare studier visat sig kunna vara beroende och således utfärda aktierekommendationer som inte återspeglar verkligheten. Journalister ska emellertid vara neutrala vilket bör ge korrekta aktierekommendationer. Utifrån det ämnade den här studien att ta reda på om det fanns skillnader i aktörernas agerande. Det genom att undersöka om yrkesroll påverkar utfallet av aktierekommendationer; om köp– eller säljrekommendationer som publiceras i störst utsträckning. Vidare hade studien för avsikt att ta reda på om marknadsvärde är en faktor som påverkar utfall på aktierekommendationer. Det eftersom analytiker visat sig vara benägna att kompromissa sin neutralitet för att få insikt i mindre bolag som inte delger marknaden med lika mycket offentlig information som större bolag. Genom logistisk regression testades sannolikheter för att undersöka syftet och besvara hypoteser. Studien fann att analytiker i större utsträckning utfärdar köprekommendationer jämfört med journalister. Det påvisas att mindre bolag i större utsträckning får köprekommendationer. Däremot finner studien inget stöd för att analytiker i större utsträckning utfärdar köprekommendationer för mindre bolag än vad journalister gör.

In Xinjiang, China’s largest autonomous region situated in the country’s north-western corner, severe violations against the human rights of its inhabitants, primarily the native muslim minority Uyghur people, has been committed by the Chinese state. According to investigations from the European Parliament in 2020, over a million people are currently, or have previously been, incarcerated in so-called internment camps in 2020. These internment camps have received worldwide attention since their reveal; something that the Chinese state have worked to succumb by restricting access by foreign journalists through barring their entrance to the Xinjiang province, an action taken to limit the reports about the camps, according to Amnesty International.In view of this background, this study aims to draw conclusions on the ability of Swedish journalists to accurately report on the issue of the Uyghurs given the Chinese authoritarian rule. It also focuses on investigating how the media reporting frames the Uyghur issue and creates a discours for reporting on this very issue. Continuing, the study consists of interviews with six Swedish correspondents based in China and one foreign editor, as well as a critical discourse analysis of 16 articles from the Swedish newspaper Dagens Nyheter. Given the research questions and the interviews, this study draws the conclusion that the interviewed Swedish foreign correspondents lack proper access to the issue at hand to accurately report on it. This, because of actions taken by the Chinese state to limit access to the Xinjiang region through surveillance and pressure. This, furthermore, creates a situation in which the reporting could be considered static given this very lack of access and new information on the issue. Additionally the analysis of the 16 articles show that there is an apparent lack of cohesion in what words are used primarily describing the camps in Xinjiang; which in turn creates different connotations for the readers.

Syftet med den här undersökningen är att ta reda på om det finns några språkliga avvikelser från den generella skriftspråksnormen hos fotbollsjournalister på Twitter. Dessutom vill jag undersöka vilka eventuella avvikelser som förekommer samt vilka typer av eventuella språkliga förändringar som fotbollsjournalisterna vanligen gör. Detta har gjorts genom att skapa kategorier som bygger på språkliga mönster baserat på tidigare forskning. Totalt 818 twitterinlägg från åtta olika fotbollsjournalister har sedan kategoriserats. Undersökningen visar att fotbollsjournalisterna till viss del anpassar sitt språk på grund av den begränsade teckenmängden. Dessa anpassningar består huvudsakligen av förkortningar och användande av ikoner och emojis samt subjektslösa meningar. Andra språkliga drag som utrönts är att det är förhållandevis vanligt att fotbollsjournalister använder sig av en avvikande användning av skiljetecken. Vanligast av allt är dock att deras twitterinlägg inte har några större avvikelser från en generell skriftspråksnorm.

Title: Who is that GAI?  – A qualitative study on Swedish journalists’ imaginaries of how generative artificial intelligence affects the professionalization of journalism.  The increasing discourse surrounding the role of generative artificial intelligence (GAI) in journalism has recently been widely discussed as it brings both opportunities and challenges for the journalism profession. How do technological advancements impact and challenge the journalism profession? This study aims to explore the imaginaries that Swedish reporters, AI-strategists and newsroom managers have regarding how the journalistic profession can change based on the new conditions and challenges that GAI has contributed to. Conducting a study on the subject based on a Swedish context is relevant to understanding Swedish journalists’ imaginaries of GAI and how an implementation of GAI may lead to a reconfiguration of previously given professional roles. The study answers to the following research questions:  What imaginaries do journalists in Swedish newsrooms have about generative artificial intelligence? How do the imaginaries about how generative artificial intelligence can affect the professionalization of journalism differ between reporters and managers or AI-strategists in Swedish newsrooms? Based on the interpretive nature of the research subject the study adopts a qualitative approach, hence the material was collected through eleven qualitative interviews. The empirical data was analyzed using the constant comparative method together with the study's theoretical framework consisting of sociotechnical imaginaries, professionalization and boundary work. The findings indicate that the Swedish journalists predominantly perceived GAI as a tool to enhance work efficiency, which results in the journalists being able to focus more on the creative parts of the profession. Furthermore, the journalists imagined GAI as a smart colleague to consult with, and the majority imagined that GAI primarily will function as a supplement rather than a replacement, and that GAI to some extent will reshape the profession.

This thesis contains a qualitative content analysis of Daily Monitor, Dagens Nyheter and Svenska Dagbladet’s articles about children, and child soldiers in Uganda. In total, there were 26 articles that have been applied to this study. The purpose of this thesis was to compare all 26 articles with each other to see potential diffrences or similarities. Theory based answers were applied when I was analyzing the articles' differences and similarities. The thematic content analysis applied and used to catagorize the concerning theames in the articles are: children or soldiers (as the major theme), and heroes and victims (as undercategorial theme). Postcolonial, childhood and childsoldier theories were used as the theoretical framework to the thesis, and they were all applied in the analysis. The chosen theoretical framework contributed not only to a critical viewpoint about children, and child soldiers, but also to Western power relations, which appeared in many newspapers. Furthermore, the theoretical framework contributed with different views about children, and child soldiers in different social and cultural contexts.

Undoubtedly, there are many factors influencing IT-usage at work; some of them are psychological. The thesis provides new knowledge about the connections between three phenomena: IT-usage, self-efficacy and creativity among Swedish news journalists. The dissertation also contributes new knowledge about the mechanisms of self-efficacy in IT-related work. The first objective was to explore psychological factors’ influence on how, when and why IT is used at work. In particular, the investigation aimed to study the role of self-efficacy in IT-usage. The second objective was to examine the relationship between IT-usage and creativity. Of specific interest was whether journalists perceive IT-technologies as a support or an obstacle. The empirical findings of four studies show a complex picture. Variation in IT-usage and communication at work is explained by factors as attitudes, experience of IT-usage, interest in traditional journalistic work, and IT-specific self-efficacy. Furthermore, the results reveal that both generalized work self-efficacy and IT-usage at work are related to perceived creativity among news journalists. / Diss. Stockholm : Handelshögsk., 2004