In this study the medieval re-use of early Christian grave monuments and runestones in church buildings in the Swedish region of Östergötland is analysed in relation to contemporary church imagery and practices. Analysis of the practice show differences in application, especially during the early parts of the medieval period, which suggests differences in meaning. Although no single reason can explain the practice, the re-use of the monuments during the early medieval period is, in several cases, understood as different ways for the local elite to increase their social standing and for the Church to legitimise their new role as centre for social gatherings. During the later parts of the period the practice seems to be more standardised and may have become a local variation of the Church´s broader practice to re-use spolia.

La investigación presente busca examinar el recelo –dígase de aquel temor o suspicacia frente a algo o alguien por suponer que conlleva u oculta algún peligro- y su relación con la construcción de la figura de la bruja dentro de la narrativa de los largometrajes “Antichrist” (2009) de Lars Von Trier y “The Witch” (2015) de Robert Eggers. Luego, dada la relación de la bruja y el recelo con la naturaleza circundante, siendo en su específico el espacio del bosque -significativo dentro de ambos largometrajes-, es que se incluirá su discusión dentro de nuestra investigación. Ello se hará a través de una metodología de corte cualitativo, utilizando matrices de análisis creadas a fines de la investigación de ambos largometrajes. Las matrices serán un primer paso para identificar los elementos de investigación y unidades temáticas de las distintas secuencias, a partir de las cuales se redactará el análisis en sí. El fin de la presente tesis es ahondar en la discusión sobre la obra de Von Trier y ser una de las primeras investigaciones acerca de la incipiente obra de Eggers, ofreciendo un marco de investigación inusual sobre lo escrito en torno a “Antichrist” (2009), esto es, aquel interesado por analizar a sus personajes y narrativa en lo relativo la figura de la bruja. Es en esta misma línea que esperamos también aportar a la investigación sobre el cine de terror, y las representaciones de lo femenino y la mujer dentro del mismo, motivo que creemos se verá muy enriquecido siendo el foco de atención el de la bruja, personaje y arquetipo sobre el que habrá mucho que discutir dado lo interesante que es observársele en relación al discurso que la construyó, la religión, el marco interesado por discutir cuestiones de género y a la mujer en el terror.

This master's thesis investigates the transmediations of Astrid Lindgren's Ronja the Robber's Daughter into a feature film by Tage Danielsson and an anime by Goro Miyazaki. Drawing on intermedial theory and analytical method, the analysis explores how the creatures called “murktrolls” and Ronja’s “scream of spring” are portrayed across these media adaptations. The thesis draws on Lars Elleström’s intermedial concepts, specifically the concept of “media transformation”. The analysis reveals how Danielsson condenses the presence of murktrolls, replacing them with “rumphumbs” and “grey dwarfs”, whereas Miyazaki expands the depiction of these mythical creatures. Both adaptations extend the significance of the “scream of spring”. The analysis can point towards a connection between murktrolls and the scream of spring, symbolizing themes of life, identity quest, and inspiration. Ilon Wikland's illustrations serve as pivotal source material, influencing the transmediations. In sum, the study highlights the dynamic interaction between the source and target media products. Kondo's anime images are notably grounded in Wikland's illustrations. By publishing the novel with these new images, that is adding a new version of the novel, the work is enriched, deepening the connection between the anime and the novel. There is also an interaction between the anime and the feature film; many details are transferred from the film to the anime. The thesis demonstrates that each transmediation shapes the overall understanding of the work by accentuating specific details from the novel. The anime and feature film, along with each reading of the novel, collectively reconstruct the narrative. These findings underscore the significance of transmediation, drawing attention to essential themes within the novel.

La creación cinematográfica, como el conjunto de las artes clásicas, ha dado cuenta con profusión de la dimensión religiosa del ser humano. Si bien las motivaciones iniciales del cine, a diferencia de la pintura, la escultura y la música, no han estado directamente relacionadas con el imaginario religioso de los precursores de estas artes, pronto la historia del cine incorporó una apreciable cantidad de películas vinculadas a diversos aspectos, interpretaciones y expresiones de lo espiritual. De manera que hoy disponemos de una gran variedad de producciones que, con mayor o menor justicia, son reconocidas ordinariamente como películas religiosas. Sin embargo, aunque pueda parecer una pregunta de respuesta evidente, no ha quedado establecido todavía cómo es que podemos examinar con precisión las cualidades religiosas o espirituales de un film.

Literary descriptions of shifting from and transgressing assigned sex were common in 19th Century Sweden. This thesis forms a contribution to the larger project of writing a history of Swedish trans literature, and develops new interpretations of certain works of fiction by applying a transgender studies perspective. Through trans readings the thesis also examines what potential and possible implications literature might have for trans people beyond the literary realm. Trans readings are able to supplement earlier research by providing a nuanced understanding of the production of trans- and cisgenders. The theoretical perspectives used in the thesis are drawn for the most part from queer and transgender studies. The thesis adopts a conceptual understanding of trans as a movement, and aims to widen the scope of what may be considered relevant to a history of trans literature. The primary objects of analysis are the 1833 autobiography of widely known thief and cross-dresser Lasse-Maja (Lars Molin), C.J.L. Almqvist’s Drottningens juvelsmycke (1834), and Aurora Ljungstedt’s Moderna typer (1874). In closing, two texts from the fin-de-siècle are also closely read; Amanda Kerfstedt’s Reflexer (1901) and Frida Stéenhoff’s “Ett sällsamt öde” (1911). A wide range of other fiction is additionally studied in order to establish a contextual pattern of trans literary traditions. The thesis demonstrates that trans permeates all kinds of fiction, and that the characters analysed construct both trans and cis gender categories. It concludes that trans is done in a variety of ways, and with a variety of meanings in 19th and early 20th century literature. Trans is often depicted as a positive, fruitful and desirable act, through trans characters who are both themselves subjects of erotic desire and who become symbols of liberty and emancipation. Other trans figures however are often counter images of what are considered to be correct sexes, and are depicted as threatening and/or ridiculous. Both these negative and positive representations of trans affirm the gender binary. At the same time, they also break and destabilize that same binary, and the trans characters in the study both can and cannot be interpreted as transgressing cis- and heteronormativity respectively.

Le développement simultané du cinéma et de la psychanalyse a donné lieu à de nombreuses études confrontant et associant ces deux sphères. Cette thèse interroge plus particulièrement le transfert comme phénomène se manifestant dans la rencontre entre le spectateur et le film, et s’appuie sur les théories de psychanalyse jungienne. À partir de la prise en compte d’un cinéma analytique, associant réflexivité et thématique psychologique, l’hypothèse émise est celle de la présence de « psychés-films », facilitant l’étude du phénomène de transfert dans l’expérience spectatorielle. À travers leur construction spatiale et temporelle et par leur constitution figurale, ces « psychés-films » s’apparentent à des psychés projetées à l’écran et visuellement accessibles. Dans son acception jungienne, le transfert est un phénomène transpersonnel aux conséquences psychiques et physiques et qui engage deux individus dont les inconscients communiquent entre eux. En mettant en évidence les spécificités d’un tel phénomène au cinéma, cette thèse interroge la possibilité d’envisager un inconscient propre au film, notamment à l’aide de théories d’esthétique du cinéma, et les conséquences éventuelles, dans le corps et dans la psyché, d’une rencontre transférentielle entre le spectateur et le film. Afin d’étudier la possibilité d’un transfert dans l’expérience spectatorielle, cinq films interprétables en tant que « psychés-films » sont analysés sous un angle jungien : Persona et L’Heure du loup, réalisés par Ingmar Bergman et Antichrist, Melancholia et Nymphomaniac, réalisés par Lars von Trier. Pour ce faire, cette recherche s’effectue suivant des perspectives psychanalytique (Jung, Ferenczi, Freud, Abraham et Török), esthétique (Brenez, Lefebvre, Vancheri) et philosophique (Damasio, Derrida), et par la prise en compte d’un spectateur idéal. / The simultaneous development of cinema and psychoanalysis led to many studies confronting and associating these two fields. This thesis examines more specifically transference as a phenomenon arising in the encounter between spectator and film, and is based on Jungian psychoanalytic theories. Considering an analytic cinema, which associates reflexivity and psychological themes, I hypothesised the existence of “psyche-films”, enabling the study of the psychoanalytic transference within spectator’s experience. Through their spatial and temporal constructions and their figural composition, these “psyche-films” are akin to psyches projected on screen and visually accessible. According to Jung, transference is a transpersonal phenomenon with psychological and physical consequences, involving two individuals whose unconscious communicate together. Bringing out the characteristics of such a phenomenon, this thesis explores the possibility of considering the film’s own unconscious, in particular with the help of film aesthetics theories, and questions the consequences, inside body and psyche, that might be caused by the transferential encounter between spectator and film. In order to study the possibility of such a transference in the spectator’s experience, five films regarded as “psyche-films” are analysed using a Jungian perspective: Persona and Hour of the Wolf, directed by Ingmar Bergman and Antichrist, Melancholia and Nymphomaniac, directed by Lars von Trier. To this end, this research is performed using psychoanalytic (Jung, Ferenczi, Freud, Abraham and Török), aesthetic (Brenez, Lefebvre, Vancheri) and philosophical (Damasio, Derrida) perspectives, and considering an ideal spectator.

(in English): The thesis deals with the topic of social criticism across the genre of detective stories from the 1960s in Sweden. The theoretical part describes how social criticism is constituted in this genre and how it contributes to its specificity. Based on a selected cross-section of five works, it presents not only the various topics which these authors work with, but also the changes in this critique over time. The analyzed works are: The Man on the Balcony (1968) by Sjöwall and Wahlöö, who establish this genre with clear social criticism, the first part of the trilogy Millennium The Girl with the Dragon Tattoo (2008) by Stieg Larsson, who, according to many experts, successfully completes this era, The Stone Cutter (2008) by Camilla Läckberg, The Sandman (2012) by Lars Kepler and Those Who Failed (2015) by the duo Hjorth and Rosenfeldt, that is the works by three contemporary authors of this genre.

No description available.

Esse estudo analisa o filme Dogville a partir do conceito de obra modelo cunhado por Bertolt Brecht. O objetivo é verificar de que modo o filme de Lars von Trier se organiza como projeto consciente em que as dimensões da forma, do conteúdo e do atrito com o aparelho produtivo não se excluem. Como pressupostos teóricos da concepção de forma, estão os conceitos brechtianos de imagem dialética, estranhamento e gestus, que servem de base à pesquisa do campo temático de Dogville, em torno das relações de trabalho. O estudo ainda discute os efeitos da estrutura teatral com tendências épicas dentro da forma do drama cinematográfico, o sentido autocrítico do filme, e as razões de seu impacto como crítica do aparelho produtivo contemporâneo. / This study analyses the film Dogville from the concept of work model created by Bertolt Brecht. The objective is to verify by which means the film of Lars von Trier organizes itself like a conscious project in which the dimension of form, content and the friction with the productive apparatus don\'t exclude each other. As teorical assumptions of form conception are the brechtian notion of dialetic image, strangeness and gestus, which will serve as base of research to the thematic field of Dogville, rounding the work relations. The study also discusses the effects of the theater structure with epic tendencies inside the cinematic dramatic form, the self-criticism sense, and the reasons of its impact as critic of the contemporary productive apparatus.

Hösten 2004 sändes i SVTs Uppdrag granskning ett reportage med rubriken "Lars Ohlys syn på demokrati". Därefter blossade en massmedial debatt upp, den så kallade kommunismdebatten. Både från partikamrater och andra politiker framfördes krav på att Lars Ohly skulle sluta kalla sig kommunist och året därpå gav han med sig. Men vad avsåg man i debatten egentligen med ordet kommunism? Min hypotes är att det rådde en semantisk konflikt i debatten, det vill säga en kamp om betydelsen hos ordet kommunism/kommunist. I den här uppsatsen visar jag, genom att undersöka nyhetsartiklar och ledare ur svensk dagspress, att min hypotes stämmer. Jag för också, med utgångpunkt i teorier om det språkliga tecknets godtycklighet, en diskussion utifrån undersökningens resultat. Där resonerar jag bland annat kring de politiska konsekvenserna av att kommunism, som det verkar med hänseende till debattens utgång, inte längre kan användas som beteckning för 'drömmen om ett klasslöst samhälle'.