Le terme « temporalité » définit la question de l’être comme la primauté de l'Être-vers-la-mort (le temps de l’être depuis la naissance jusqu’à sa mort) et la nécessité de l'Être-tendant-vers-le-possible (le temps d’être, de faire). Avant que la mort ne soit absence et donc sentiment de manque, de perte, qui pousse les personnages à aller au-delà des confins avec les morts, l’être est confronté à ses obsessions, ses échecs et ses rêves, ses cauchemars et ses désirs. C’est une souffrance existentielle se manifestant par l’incertitude, le regret, le remords et, surtout, des crises d’identité dues à l’impossibilité pour l’homme de se connaître soi-même. De sa fragmentation, sa division et cet immense désir d’unité qui le possède découle la forte présence de la pluralité, de la recherche du double, cet autre, peut-être vraiment autre, différent, ou frère, ou miroir, qui ne se laissera jamais rattraper. Pourtant, c’est dans ce sens qu’il lui faut chercher si l’homme veut recueillir de minuscules pièces de son puzzle intérieur. C’est la pensée douloureuse (élément pour comprendre le monde) du temps d’un être qui, après avoir constaté que le vide immense a désormais pénétré tous les domaines de l’existence humaine et du monde, trouve sa propre marche à suivre pour se sortir de sa caverne intérieure dans la constitution fondamentale de l'Être-Soi-même tabucchien, à savoir un Être-tendant-vers-le-possible au quotidien. Parce qu’il n’y a pas d'être-au-monde possible sans la préoccupation de tout ce qui est à-portée-de-la-main, notre auteur s’interroge sans cesse, intervient sur tous les fronts et à tous les niveaux de son vécu. / The term temporality defines the question of the human being as the primacy of the being-going-towards-death (the time span of the human being from birth to death) and the necessity of the-being-going-towards-the-possible (the time of being/doing). Before death becomes absence and thus a feeling of lack, of loss, which drives people to go beyond the limits with the dead, the human being is confronted with his obsessions, his failures and his dreams, his nightmares and his desires. It's an existential suffering shown through incertitude, regret, remorse and, above all, identity crises, because it is impossible for man to know himself. From its fragmentation, division, and the immense desire for unity which possesses him, results the strong presence of plurality, the search for one's double, this other, perhaps really other, different, or brother, or mirror, which can never be caught. Nevertheless it is in this direction that man must search if he is to gather the tiny pieces of his interior puzzle. It is painful reflection (element for understanding the world) on the time span of a being who after observing that the great emptiness has penetrated all areas of human existence and the world, finds his own path to follow out of his interior cave in the fundamental constitution of the Tabucchian being-oneself, that is to say a being-tending-towards-the-possible every day. Because there is no being possible in the world without concerning oneself with what is close at hand, our author questions himself from all angles and at all levels of his existence.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-29T13:32:31Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Adriane Ramiro.pdf: 2720180 bytes, checksum: 25b41f0d97d54cf7a37045e161d7b7ac (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009-11-27 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / The concern regarding the over-weight and obesity is recent. Among the factors that justify the incorporation of this trend into the public health problems we have: the phenomenon of nutrition transition, the fact that obesity is seen as a chronic non transmissible disease and the complexity involved in the etiology of this disease. However, the format by how the discourse of health promotion , more specifically, the policies regarding healthy food and physical activity that are being incorporated by the society, are generating practices each time more totalitarians about healthy life styles generating anguish and excess of control over people s behavior. Therefore, based at the epistemological reference, theory and methodology of the constructionist branch of the Discursive Psychology, this research aims to understand in what measure the discourse about obesity prevention and Healthy life style promotions act as Governmentality strategies , controlling the behavior of people. This study also aims (1) understand the relationship between embodiment and subjectivity; (2) understand the resonance of the directives on the policy of health promotion have in the day-to-day practices and care with the body weight and (3) understand the main tensions between (acceptance) and resistance to the conventional healthy body. To put in context the discourse that emphasize and sustain the excess of weight as a problem of public health, were used official documents from the World Health Organization (OMS) and Ministry of Health (MS) and to learn the resonance of such policies of obesity prevention and physical activity and Healthy food promotions it was developed 10 semi-structured interviews, recorded in Audio (with free consent from the participants). The interviews were integrally transcribed and analyzed in accordance to thematic axis that were structured from our goals and that compose the dialogic maps. Our empiric material indicated towards more to the acceptance of be healthy , emphasizing physical exercises and healthy food adaption. Nevertheless, in some interviews, although only a few, the indicated the possibility of resistance and to the reflection of our relations with our bodies and with ourselves, destabilizing truths that today seemed solid, for instance, that the healthy body is a thin one / A preocupação com o excesso de peso e obesidade é recente. Dentre os fatores que justificam a incorporação desse acontecimento como problema de saúde pública temos: o fenômeno da transição nutricional, o fato de a obesidade ser considerada uma doença crônica não transmissível e a complexidade dos aspectos envolvidos na etiologia dessa doença. Entretanto, a forma como o discurso da promoção da saúde, mais especificamente, as políticas sobre alimentação saudável e atividade física vem sendo incorporadas pela sociedade, tem gerado práticas cada vez mais totalitárias sobre estilos de vida saudáveis gerando angústia e controlando de forma excessiva o comportamento das pessoas. Assim, com base no referencial epistemológico, teórico e metodológico da vertente construcionista da Psicologia Discursiva, essa pesquisa visa compreender em que medida o discurso sobre prevenção da obesidade e promoção de estilos de vida saudáveis atuam como estratégias de governamentalidade , controlando o comportamento das pessoas. Esse estudo visa também (1) compreender a relação entre corporeidade e subjetividade; (2) entender as ressonâncias das diretrizes das políticas de promoção da saúde nas práticas cotidianas voltadas aos cuidados com o peso corporal e (3) compreender as principais tensões entre assujeitamento e resistência ao enquadre do corpo saudável. Para contextualizar os discursos que pautam e sustentam o excesso de peso como problema de Saúde Pública foram utilizados documentos oficiais da Organização Mundial de Saúde (OMS) e Ministério da Saúde (MS) e para apreender a ressonância de tais políticas de prevenção da obesidade e promoção de atividade física e alimentação saudável foram realizadas dez entrevistas semiestruturadas que foram gravadas em áudio (com consentimento livre das participantes). As entrevistas foram transcritas na íntegra e analisadas de acordo com eixos temáticos que partiram dos nossos objetivos e que compõem os mapas dialógicos. Nosso material empírico apontou para uma maior sujeição ao imperativo seja saudável , com ênfase na prática de atividades físicas e adoção de uma alimentação saudável. Entretanto, algumas entrevistas, ainda que poucas, apontaram para a possibilidade de resistência a partir de reflexões a respeito das relações que temos com nossos corpos e com nós mesmos, desestabilizando verdades que hoje parecem sedimentadas, por exemplo, de que o corpo saudável é o corpo magro

Depuis quelques années, certains metteurs en scènes européens prennent des initiatives particulièrement audacieuses dans leurs adaptations de textes classiques, coupant le texte, modifiant l’ordre des monologues et allant jusqu’à injecter des morceaux de textes écrits par eux ou bien issus d’autres oeuvre littéraires. Ils n’hésitent plus à "se mettre en scène", c’est-à-dire à traiter avant tout leurs propres questions existentielles par l’intermédiaire des textes classiques, se libérant ainsi de toute pression exercée sur eux par les interprétations textuelles faisant autorité ou bien par les représentations de ces textes dans l’imaginaire collectif, et emmenant les textes classiques dans un "ailleurs" très personnel. Leurs mises en scène dépassent la fragmentation et le désordre propres au théâtre postmoderne et s’attachent au contraire à raconter une histoire cohérente, centrée sur les préoccupations intimes du metteur en scène. Ce nouveau type de mises en scène s’appuie sur des influences diverses, depuis André Antoine jusqu’à Heiner Müller, en passant par Stanislavski, Artaud et Brecht, et constitue une nouvelle étape dans le processus d’autonomisation de l’art de la mise en scène à l'oeuvre depuis le XIXème siècle. Le corpus de cette thèse comprend quatre récentes adaptations (réalisées entre 2008 et 2011) de textes classiques : Hamlet de Thomas Ostermeier, Hamlet de Nikolaï Kolyada, Roméo et Juliette d’Olivier Py et Un tramway de Krzysztof Warlikowski (à partir de Un tramway nommé Désir de Tennessee Williams). Il comprend également une mise en pratique sous la forme d’une adaptation, Pygmalion - J’ai créé une femme (à partir de Pygmalion de George Bernard Shaw), réalisée par l’auteur de la thèse en 2014 au sein des Théâtres Nationaux de Turquie, et ayant permis de tester les arguments et conclusions tirés des analyses précédentes. / In recent years, some European directors are taking particularly bold initiatives in their adaptations of classic texts, cutting the text, changing the order of monologues and even injecting pieces of texts written by them or from other literary works. They do not hesitate to "stage themselves", that is to say, to treat primarily their own existential questions through the classic texts, thus releasing any pressure exerted on them by the authoritative textual interpretations or by the representations of these texts in the collective imagination, and taking the classic texts in a very personal "elsewhere". Their stagings exceed the fragmentation and disorder specific to postmodern theater and focus instead on telling a coherent story, centered on the intimate concerns of the director. This new type of staging draws on diverse influences from André Antoine to Heiner Müller through Stanislavski, Brecht and Artaud, and represents a new stage in the empowerment process of the art of staging at work since the nineteenth century. The corpus of this thesis includes four recent adaptations (conducted between 2008 and 2011) of classic texts: Thomas Ostermeier’s Hamlet, Nikolai Kolyada’s Hamlet, Olivier Py’s Romeo and Juliet, and Krzysztof Warlikowski’s A Streetcar (from A Streetcar Named Desire by Tennessee Williams). It also includes a practical application in the form of an adaptation, Pygmalion - I Created A Woman (from Pygmalion by George Bernard Shaw), directed by the author of the thesis in 2014 in the Turkish State Theatres and having tested the arguments and conclusions from previous analyzes.

Mokslinėje literatūroje sutinkama, kad tėvų-vaiko santykiai itin svarbūs vaiko asmenybės raidai, vėlesnei psichologinei jo sveikatai ir yra susiję su valgymo sutrikimų vystymusi. Tėvų globos bei kontrolės lygio sąsajos su įvairiais asmenybiniais ypatumais (tokiais kaip savigarba, polinkis į perfekcionizmą) tikrinamos atskirose studijose, tačiau nepavyko aptikti tyrimų minėtas sąsajas vertinusių toje pačioje imtyje. Taip pat klinikinėje praktikoje pastebima, kad valgymo sutrikimais sergantys pacientai pasižymi priešiškumu sau, arba yra linkę savęs nekęsti. Vis dėlto, mokslinių tyrimų, analizuojančių šias negatyvias į save nukreiptas emocijas, yra labai mažai, o mėginimų jas įvertinti kiekybiškai apskritai neteko rasti. Taigi šio tyrimo tikslas yra patikrinti suvoktos tėvų globos bei kontrolės lygio sąsajas su valgymo sutrikimais bei specifiniais asmenybės ypatumais: asmens savigarba, polinkiu į perfekcionizmą bei negatyvia emocine nuostata į save. Tyrime dalyvavo dvi respondentų grupės: valgymo sutrikimų turinčiųjų (N=39) ir kontrolinė (N=30). Tyrime naudotos šios metodikos: valgymo sutrikimų simptomatikos išreikštumui vertinti naudotas sutrumpintas Požiūrio į valgymą skalės (EAT) variantas – EAT-26 skalė, suvoktos tėvų globos bei kontrolės lygiui vertinti – Tėvų-vaiko ryšio klausimynas (PBI); savigarbai – M. Rosenberg savigarbos skalė (RSES), polinkiui į perfekcionizmą – Daugiamatė perfekcionizmo skalė (MPS-F), o negatyviai emocinei nuostatai į save – Negatyvios emocinės... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / In literature it is widely agreed that parental-child relations are especially important for development of child’s personality and for psychological health of a child. Parental-child bonding is also correlated with eating disorders. The correlations between parental care and control and various personality features of a child are checked in different researches. But we failed to find a study, where the aforementioned correlations had been tested in the same sample. Furthermore in clinical practice it is noticed that patients with eating disorders are tend to feel hostility to themselves as far as are prone to self-hatred. However there are few studies where such negative emotions to self is analyzed. And we failed to find a research where this issue had been analyzed quantitatively. So the aim of this study is to assess the correlations between conceived parental care and control, eating disorders and specific personality features: self-esteem, perfectionism and negative emotional attitude to self. There were two groups of respondents in this study. One of them consisted of women with eating disorders (N=39) and the other – of controls (N=30). The methods used in this study were: the strength of the symptoms of eating disorders was measured with shortened form of Eating Attitudes Test (EAT-26), the level of conceived parental care and control was assessed with Parental Bonding Instrument (PBI), self-esteem was tested with M. Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSES), the level of... [to full text]

Tout en recourant à la méthode ethnographique, nous étudions, à travers cette thèse, les projets migratoires d'un ensemble d'immigrants haïtiens arrivés en France métropolitaine entre 1991 et 2011, les relations haïtiennes intracommunautaires dans la banlieue de Saint-Denis et les liens matériels et affectifs que nos enquêtés continuent de maintenir avec leur pays originel au-delà de leur double frustration liée à la déqualification professionnelle en France et à la peur de la réinstallation en Haïti. Doublement frustrés, la plupart d'entre eux se dirigent vers des églises protestantes et d'autres associations haïtiennes à Saint-Denis dans le but de pouvoir trouver une réponse à leurs difficultés migratoires. Toutefois, décevant ces derniers, ces églises s'érigent en espaces de résurgence d'oppositions interrégionales moun nan Nò/moun nan Sid (gens du Nord/gens du Sud) issues du pays d'origine. D'autres migrants empruntant par ailleurs le chemin du réseau maçonnique feraient l'expérience de l'unification communautaire. Par contre, au-delà de l'importante contribution du réseau maçonnique à l'unification des immigrants haïtiens, les oppositions interrégionales perdurent encore... Le morcellement communautaire et la régionalisation de l'organisation commerciale des immigrants haïtiens à Saint-Denis nous portent à avancer qu'ils constituent une communauté transnationale, et non une diaspora. L'expérience de l'émigration a fait tomber une représentation paradisiaque de l'ailleurs. Au cœur de leurs tiraillements, de nombreux Haïtiens déqualifiés et frustrés à Saint-Denis décident d'emprunter la voie d'une "re-haïtianisation" incapable de dépasser toutefois les clivages interrégionaux moun nan Nò/moun nan Sid. Notre thèse comporte quatre grandes parties. Elle s'articule autour de quatre grands objectifs. Quatre disciplines majeures (philosophie, sociologie, histoire et géographie) ont été mobilisées dans la construction de notre argumentation. / While using the ethnographic method, this thesis proposes to study the migratory projects of a group of Haitians who arrived in France between 1991 and 2011 and living in Saint-Denis, the intra-community Haitian relations in this suburb, and the material and emotional ties that the respondents continue to maintain with their original country beyond a double frustration linked to their professional deskilling and their fear of returning to Haiti. Doubly frustrated, most of the immigrants studied go to haitian protestant churches in order to be able to find an answer to their migratory difficulties. However, disappointing these immigrants, these churches are erected spaces resurgence inter-regional oppositions moun nan Nò / moun nan Sid (people of the North / people of the South) from the country of origin. Other migrants who are also moving towards the Masonic network would make an entirely different experience: the experience of community unification. On the other hand, beyond the eminent contribution of the Masonic network to the unification of immigrants, the inter-regional opposition persists. The fragmentation of communities and the regionalization of the commercial organization of Haitian immigrants in Saint-Denis lead us to argue that they constitute a transnational community, not a diaspora. The experience of emigration has brought down a paradise representation of elsewhere. During their tugging, the Haitians of Saint-Denis decide to take the path of a "re-haitianization" unable to exceed the regional divisions.

This diploma thesis is based on the final works of Michel Foucault (Courage of truth, Fearless peech) and it focuses on how the truth and truth-telling as an activity effects self- formation of the individual, namely self-formation of Jean-Jacques Rousseau, which is recorded in his autobiografical works (Confession of Jean-Jacques Rousseau, Dialoges: Rousseau, Judge of Jean-Jacques, Reveries of a Solitery Walker). In my thesis, I have tried to decide as which true-telling person he could be considered (prophet, sage, teacher, parrhesiastes or cynic). In order to achieve that, I drew from his other philosophical works and secondary literature (Discurses, Essay on the Origin of languages, Emile or On Education, The Social Contract, Letter to M. D'Alembert on Spectacles, Jean-Jacques Rousseau, Transparency and Obstruction) and I was looking for evidence of his true nature and thoughts, which I put into context of his work Confessions afterwards. Keywords: Truth, courage of truth, parrhesia, parrhesiastes, cynic, self-love, false meaning about oneself, heart, passion, imagination, human nature, social inequalities.

Die Masterarbeit behandelt die Theorie des erschöpften Selbst des französischen Soziologen Alain Ehrenberg. Diese beschreibt die Zunahme von depressiven Erkrankungen als Produkt der Individualisierung und der omnipräsenten gesellschaftlichen Erwartungen an die Einzelnen. Initiative und Selbstverwirklichung sind mittlerweile nicht nur Hoffnungen und Wünsche der Individuen, sondern werden gesellschaftlich gefordert, die freie Entfaltung wurde zu einem psychosozialen Zwang. Ein Produkt dieser widersprüchlichen Prozesse ist laut Ehrenberg das Störungsbild Depression, welche das genaue Negativ der sozialisierten Werte darstellt. Die Masterarbeit verbindet diese Erkenntnisse mit Männlichkeitstheorien von Raewyn Connell und Pierre Bourdieu unter den Fragestellungen, wie männlich sozialisierte Personen mit Depressionen umgehen und welche Zuschreibungen an das männliche Geschlecht die Diagnostik und den Verlauf einer depressiven Erkrankung beeinflussen können. Auffällig ist, dass Männer statistisch sehr viel seltener von Depressionen betroffen sind und laut Empirie einen spezifisch geschlechtlich kodierten Umgang mit Emotionen aufweisen. Um diese Grundlagen abzugleichen, finden sich zwei problemzentrierte Interviews in der Masterarbeit. Sowohl ein Mann als auch eine Frau mit dem Störungsbild Depression wurden befragt, vergeschlechtliche Unterschiede wurden dabei aber kaum gefunden. Es wurden eher die Gemeinsamkeiten zwischen den Geschlechtern sowie die Heterogenität und Universalität der depressiven Störung ersichtlich. Andere Werte wie Liebe, Wertschätzung und Zeit in Erziehung und Sozialisation, eine neue Auffassung von Individualität und Gemeinschaft sowie die Dekonstruktion von Geschlechtsunterschieden werden als mögliche Wege aufgezeigt, um die Spezifika männlicher Depressionen aufzulösen. Ein wichtiges Ziel der Arbeit ist es, soziologische und psychologische Erkenntnisse zu verbinden und Forderungen für die psychische Gesundheit aller (mit Augenmerk auf männlich sozialisierte Individuen) zu formulieren.:1 Einleitung 2 Begriffsklärung 2.1 Depression/Burnout 2.2 Sozialisation, Gender und Männlichkeit 3 Theoretischer Zugang 3.1 Gesellschaftliche Wandlungsprozesse: Individualisierung, Beschleunigung und Vergeschlechtlichung 3.2 Alain Ehrenbergs Theorie des erschöpften Selbst 3.3 Männlichkeitstheorien 4 Die männliche Depression 4.1 Zahlen/Statistiken 4.2 Mögliche Ursachen der Depression und des Gender Gaps 4.3 Symptome und Verlauf 4.4 Geschlechtsspezifischer Umgang mit Depressionen 4.4.1 Emotionen, Ausagieren und Beziehungen 4.4.2 Hilfesuchverhalten 4.4.3 Selbstmedikation: Alkohol- und Drogensucht 4.4.4 Suizidversuche und Selbsttötungen 5 Die Interviews 5.1 Konstruktion des Fragebogens 5.2 Durchführung der Interviews 5.3 Auswertung 5.4 Darstellung und Interpretation der Ergebnisse 5.4.1 Arbeitserfahrung im Kontext von Beschleunigung 5.4.2 Belastung und Erschöpfung im Arbeitskontext 5.4.3 Beziehungserfahrung im Kontext von Individualisierung 5.4.4 Individualisierung als ambivaloxer Prozess 5.4.5 Verlauf und Symptome der Depression 5.4.6 Hilfesuchverhalten und –erfahrung 5.4.7 Umgang mit Psyche und Depression 5.4.8 Geschlechtsspezifischer Umgang 5.5 Reflexion 6 Zusammenhang Psyche, Geschlecht und Gesellschaft 6.1 Männliche Depression als Ermächtigungsstrategie 6.2 Die Konstruktion von Differenz bei Geschlecht 6.3 Die ‚Krise der Männlichkeit‘ 6.4 Die Konstruktion psychischer ‚Normalität‘ und individuellen Leidens 6.5 Zusammenhang Individualisierung und Vergeschlechtlichung, Depression und Geschlecht 7 Möglichkeiten der gesellschaftlichen Transformation 7.1 Vergeschlechtliche Dimension: Kritische Männlichkeit oder Feminismus für Männer 7.2 Die Depression als politische Forderung: Die Werte der Individualisierung neu ausrichten! 7.3 Utopie: Die Transformation zur Gesellschaft der Interdependenz 8 Fazit und Reflexion 9 Literaturverzeichnis 10 Anhang 10.1 Interviewfragebogen 11 Erklärung / The master thesis deals with the theory 'The Fatigue of being oneself - Depression and society' of the French sociologist Alain Ehrenberg. It describes the increase of depressive disorder as a product of individualization and the omnipresent social expectations brought to the individual. Initiative and self-realization are not just hopes and wishes of individuals, they are socially demanded, free development has become a psychosocial compulsion. According to Ehrenberg, one product of these contradicting processes is depression, which is the exact negative of the socialized values. The master thesis combines these findings with the theories of masculinity by Raewyn Connell and Pierre Bourdieu to analyse the questions of how male socialized people deal with depression and which attributions to the male gender can influence the diagnosis and course of a depressive disorder. It is noticeable that, statistically, men are much less affected by depression and, according to empirical evidence, have a specifically gender-coded way of dealing with emotions. In order to compare these basics, there are two problem-centered interviews in the master thesis. Both a man and a woman with the depressive disorder were surveyed, but gender differences were hardly found. Rather, the similarities between the sexes and the heterogeneity and universality of the depressive disorder became apparent. Other values ​​such as love, appreciation and time in upbringing and socialization, a new understanding of individuality and community as well as the deconstruction of gender differences are shown as possible ways to resolve the specifics of male depression. An important aim of the work is to combine sociological and psychological knowledge and to formulate demands for the mental health of all (with attention to male socialized individuals).:1 Einleitung 2 Begriffsklärung 2.1 Depression/Burnout 2.2 Sozialisation, Gender und Männlichkeit 3 Theoretischer Zugang 3.1 Gesellschaftliche Wandlungsprozesse: Individualisierung, Beschleunigung und Vergeschlechtlichung 3.2 Alain Ehrenbergs Theorie des erschöpften Selbst 3.3 Männlichkeitstheorien 4 Die männliche Depression 4.1 Zahlen/Statistiken 4.2 Mögliche Ursachen der Depression und des Gender Gaps 4.3 Symptome und Verlauf 4.4 Geschlechtsspezifischer Umgang mit Depressionen 4.4.1 Emotionen, Ausagieren und Beziehungen 4.4.2 Hilfesuchverhalten 4.4.3 Selbstmedikation: Alkohol- und Drogensucht 4.4.4 Suizidversuche und Selbsttötungen 5 Die Interviews 5.1 Konstruktion des Fragebogens 5.2 Durchführung der Interviews 5.3 Auswertung 5.4 Darstellung und Interpretation der Ergebnisse 5.4.1 Arbeitserfahrung im Kontext von Beschleunigung 5.4.2 Belastung und Erschöpfung im Arbeitskontext 5.4.3 Beziehungserfahrung im Kontext von Individualisierung 5.4.4 Individualisierung als ambivaloxer Prozess 5.4.5 Verlauf und Symptome der Depression 5.4.6 Hilfesuchverhalten und –erfahrung 5.4.7 Umgang mit Psyche und Depression 5.4.8 Geschlechtsspezifischer Umgang 5.5 Reflexion 6 Zusammenhang Psyche, Geschlecht und Gesellschaft 6.1 Männliche Depression als Ermächtigungsstrategie 6.2 Die Konstruktion von Differenz bei Geschlecht 6.3 Die ‚Krise der Männlichkeit‘ 6.4 Die Konstruktion psychischer ‚Normalität‘ und individuellen Leidens 6.5 Zusammenhang Individualisierung und Vergeschlechtlichung, Depression und Geschlecht 7 Möglichkeiten der gesellschaftlichen Transformation 7.1 Vergeschlechtliche Dimension: Kritische Männlichkeit oder Feminismus für Männer 7.2 Die Depression als politische Forderung: Die Werte der Individualisierung neu ausrichten! 7.3 Utopie: Die Transformation zur Gesellschaft der Interdependenz 8 Fazit und Reflexion 9 Literaturverzeichnis 10 Anhang 10.1 Interviewfragebogen 11 Erklärung

Магистерская диссертация выполнена на 82 страницах, состоит из введения, двух глав, заключения, списка литературы из 82 наименований, содержит 8 рисунков, 4 таблиц, имеет 3 приложения. Объект исследования: образ тела и самоотношение студентов. Предмет исследования: связь между компонентами образа тела и самоотношения студентов. Выборка исследования составляет 174 студента Уральского федерального университета г. Екатеринбург (21 юноша и 153 девушки). Эмпирическое исследование было проведено при помощи ассоциативного эксперимента А. В. Светиковой, З. В. Борисенко для выявления описательных конструктов образа тела, методики самооценки внешнего облика В. А. Лабунской, методики исследования самоотношения к образу физического «Я» А. Г. Черкашиной, методики исследования самоотношения С. Р. Пантилеева. В первой главе рассматриваются теоретические аспекты проблемы образа тела и самоотношения. В частности, приводится анализ теоретических представлений об образе тела в различных психологических подходах и модели данного феномена, раскрывается отношение к телу как части самоотношения личности и анализируются эмпирические исследования, посвященные особенностям образа тела и самоотношения у студентов. Вторая глава направлена на изучение образа тела и отношения к себе у студентов. В результате исследования подтвердилась гипотеза о том, между удовлетворенность телом и самоотношением есть связь. Было обнаружено, что девушки относятся к своему телу положительнее, чем юноши. В самоотношении между юношами и девушками различий найдено не было. Также была найдена связь между оценкой функциональных характеристик и уровнем самоуважения, аутосимпатии. Заключение посвящено основным выводам по результатам исследования и обсуждению дальнейших перспектив исследования. / The master's thesis is made on 82 pages, consists of an introduction, two chapters, a conclusion, a list of references from 82 titles, contains 8 figures, 4 tables, has 3 appendices. The object of research: body image and self-attitude of students. Subject of research: the relationship between the components of the body image and students' self-attitude. The study sample consists of 174 students of the Ural Federal University of Yekaterinburg (21 boys and 153 girls). The empirical study was carried out with the help of an associative experiment by A.V. Svetikova, Z. V. Borisenko to identify descriptive constructs of the body image, the methods of self-assessment of the external appearance by V. A. Labunskaya, the methods of self-attitude research to the image of the physical "I" by A. G. Cherkashina, the methods of self-attitude research by S. R. Pantileev. The first chapter discusses the theoretical aspects of the problem of body image and self-attitude. In particular, the analysis of theoretical ideas about the body image in various psychological approaches and models of this phenomenon is given, the attitude to the body as part of the self-attitude of the individual is revealed and empirical studies devoted to the peculiarities of the body image and self-attitude of students are analyzed. The second chapter is aimed at studying the body image and attitude of students. As a result of the study, the hypothesis was confirmed that there is a connection between body satisfaction and self-attitude. It was found that girls treat their bodies more positively than boys. No differences were found in the self-relationship between boys and girls. A connection was also found between the assessment of functional characteristics and the level of self-esteem, autosympathy. The conclusion is devoted to the main conclusions based on the results of the study and discussion of further prospects for the study.

Le dommage causé à soi-même a très longtemps constitué un sujet hors du droit, synonyme de stigmatisation morale ou de fatalité. Depuis la fin du XXème siècle, c’est un enjeu essentiel des politiques publiques qui fait encore aujourd’hui l’objet d’un débat éthique et juridique. D’une part, la volonté de se causer un dommage exprime les aspirations de l’homme contemporain à obtenir la maîtrise de son corps, qu’il s’agisse de choisir le temps et les conditions de sa mort, de revendiquer des pratiques masochistes ou bien de faire don de ses organes. D’autre part, cette prise de risque dommageable pour soi révèle très souvent une opposition de l’État et de la société en général, en raison de l’atteinte susceptible d’être portée aux valeurs sociales et aux équilibres budgétaires. En tant que sources croissantes de préoccupation, les manifestations et les limites du dommage causé à soi-même méritent d’être soumises à l’étude de leur contexte historique, social et juridique. / The damage caused to oneself was for a very long time a topic outside the law, as a synonym for moral stigmatization or for fate. Since the end of the XXth century, it is an essential public policy issue that is the object even today of an ethical and legal debate. On the one hand, the will to harm oneself reflects the aspiration of the contemporary man to have the control of its body, that it is a question of choosing the time and the conditions of its death or claiming masochistic practices or donating organs. On the other hand, this harmful risk-taking for oneself reveals frequently an opposition of the State and more generally of the society, because of the potential violation of the social values and the budget balances. As increasing sources of concerns, the manifestations and the limits of the damage caused to oneself deserve to be subjected to the study of their historic, social and legal context.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-12-23T14:01:52Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertacao Texto.pdf: 590860 bytes, checksum: 7a46118467a609aace206393a276a761 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006-04-03 / Investiga o fenômeno de crianças e adolescentes em situação de desamparo e abandono no país, desvelando-se a urgência em pesquisar essa temática. Objetiva estudar a gênese (o que é) e a interdinâmica indissociável à gênese (como é) do ser humano criança ou adolescente em situação de rua, nos modos como eles se (des)velam, se mostram, aparecem e permitem ser capturados pelo olhar sentido do cientista. Pretende responder a três interrogações: 1) O que motivou o interesse pela rua e como essa rua tornou-se espaço de trabalho, produzindo sentido aos modos de ser sendo educador(a) (social) de rua e pesquisador(a)?; 2) O que é - e como é - o existir-se nas ruas, experienciando-a?; 3) Como se pode compreender a força de um grupo na sobrevivência existencial de crianças e adolescentes em situação de rua? Recorrer-se-á ao método de pesquisa de inspiração fenomenológica-existencial, já que há interesse no vivido, no experienciado dos participantes do estudo. Os marcos teóricos escolhidos emergiram a partir das categorias de: Paulo Freire (importância fornecida ao diálogo ), Michel de Certeau (o conceito de cotidiano como espaço de táticas inventivas ), Viktor E. Frankl ( sentido da vida ) e Hiran Pinel ( modos de ser sendo si mesmo no cotidiano do mundo ). Compreendemos que as crianças e adolescentes (des)velam diversos modos de ser sendo... efêmeros, finitos, incompletos, como a própria vida vivida. Por isso, ora são ousados ora dramáticos nas suas vivências, mas sempre se mostrando com táticas inventivas de enfrenta(dores), como por exemplo, formando grupos de resistência e (sobre)vivência nas ruas e produzindo espaços dialogais, onde procuram se compreender mesmo que nem sempre se consiga. O estudo mostrou-se com implicações significativas para a construção de políticas públicas (sociais e educacionais) e de impacto no cotidiano do educador social e do professor da instituição escolar (que pode viabilizar processos inclusivos a partir da compreensão desses modos de ser sendo...). / The phenomenon of children and adolescents experiencing destitution and abandonment has become even worse in our country. This felt fact instigates us to take a position and to research this matter in hand which urgently unveils itself in our society. This study aims to answer three questions: 1) How have I, as a researcher, become interested in streets and how have streets become my place of work, evoking a feeling into my ways of being as a(n) (social) educator conducting a research in streets?; 2) What is and How is to exist in streets undergoing such a status quo?; 3) How can we understand the power of a group in the existential survival of children and adolescents living in streets? Thus, the subject or matter/phenomenon of this study/research is the genesis (what is) and the interdynamics not separate from the genesis (how is) of the human being (boy or girl and/or child or adolescent living in streets) in the ways (s)he reveals her/himself, shows her/himself, appears, and allows her/himself to be captured by the look of a scientist who also has a feeling relation to the streets. To do so, we have resorted to the the exitential-phenomenological inspiration, since we are interested in what has been lived and exprerienced by these human beings. The chosen theoretical marks have risen out of the categories of: Paulo Freire (the importance of dialogue ), Victor E. Frankl ( life sense ), and Hiran Pinel ( the ways of being as being oneself in the world s everyday life ). We understand that children and adolescents show diverse ways of being as being ... ephemeral, finite, incomplete, etc. like life itself. Therefore, sometimes they are bold , sometimes they are dramatic in their modes of lives; however, always being brave and having ingenious tactics such as forming survival and resistance groups in order to be able to live in streets or discussing their matters so as to understand themselves, even if they do not manage to meet regularly. This study has shown significant implications to the construction of public politics (social and educational) and politics of impact to the social educator s everyday live and to that of the school teacher s as well. Such inclusive processes can be made viable since these ways of being as being a(n) are understood.