The aim of this paper is to critically examine and analyze how the informal performance about masculinities and femininity are being expressed and produced by the text and pictures in Huddinge kommuns internal magazine for the staff working within the public administration. The concrete questions are: By which patterns constructs the performance of gender in Huddinge kommuns internal magazine for the staff working within the public administration? Are the femininity and masculinities being expressed in a static way or have it changed in Huddinge kommuns internal magazine for the staff working within the public administration throw the examined years 1985, 1995 and 2006? A quantitative and qualitative method is used. The point of departure is organization theory in a gender perspective. With the gender organization theory we examine the structures, leadership, symbolics and changes through the examined years. Our perspective is a social contructionism. Our conclusion is that the patterns about femininity and masculinity changes through the years, but the most significant changes are made by women. That conclusion is in spite of the facts that the quantitative data shows that women have increased by the numbers of pictures. The qualitative examination confirms that masculinity is still the norm and therefore women do change more than the man does.

Svanen är en av världens ledande miljömärkningar och firade nyligen 20 års jubileum. Det har under ett antal år varit möjligt att förutom produkter även svanenmärka tjänster och verksamheter, så som exempelvis restauranger och hotell. För att miljöarbetet inom en verksamhet ska fungera så bra som möjligt är kommunikationen i denna av yttersta vikt. Det har inte utförts några kända studier kring hur kommunikationen på Svanenmärkta hotell fungerar vilket är motivet bakom denna studie. Det finns en misstänksamhet i samhället mot miljömärkta varor och greenwashing har blivit ett allt vanligare begrepp, vilket innebär att företag utnyttjar miljömärkningar för att få ett bättre anseende på marknaden och inte för att egentligen gynna miljön. Syftet med denna studie har varit att titta på hur miljökommunikationen fungerar inom Svanenmärkta hotell. Ett delsyfte har även varit att ta reda på huruvida medarbetarna på hotellen uppfattar att verksamheten genomsyras av en miljömedvetenhet, något som Svanen strävar efter med sin miljömärkning. En fallstudie av två Svanencertifierade hotell har utförts genom intervjuer av personal från olika avdelningar på dessa hotell. Intervjumaterialet har sedan transkriberats och analyserats för att kunna dra slutsatser utifrån den fakta som framkommit. Även en litteraturstudie har genomförts i syfte att studera tidigare forskning i ämnet. Dessutom har material gällande hotellens miljörutiner granskats och analyserats. Resultaten från fallstudien visar att medarbetarna på hotellen är nöjda med kommunikationen över lag, detta trots att det i princip inte finns någon kommunikation mellan avdelningarna på hotellen. Visst utrymme för förbättring finns dock och både koncernen samt inom hotellen skulle det förmodligen tjänas på att decentralisera miljöfrågorna. På båda hotellen anses även att en miljömedvetenhet genomsyrar verksamheterna. Detta skulle kunna vara en följd av Svanencertifieringen, det kan även bero på andra orsaker.

The purpose of this essay is to describe the organization of the Swedish Animal WelfareAgency during the time it was in operation. The Swedish Animal Welfare Agency was established in 2005 by the government who saw it as necessary in order to strengthen the protection of cruelty to animals in Sweden. However, the agency was shut down already in2007 and its responsibilities as an agency was moved back to the government and the department of agriculture. During its time in operation, the Swedish Animal Welfare Agency, received much criticism, among other things because of its interpretations of the law which were seen as too focused on details and thus “bureaucratic”. In order to describe the organization of the agency the theoretical approach of this study is based on three of Bo Rothstein’s ideal administration models; the legal bureaucratic, thepolitical oriented and the user oriented model. The purpose is to see which one of these ideal administrations the Swedish Animal Welfare Agency was most like, through an organizational perspective. There will also be a comparison over time, from the establishing to the shutting down of the agency in order to see if the organization of the agency had changed over time. The method used for this paper is a qualitative text-based analysis where the central arguments concerning the organization of the agency will be highlighted and interpreted from the different criteria of the administration models. The study showed that the organization of the Swedish Animal Welfare Agency can be described as a legal bureaucratic administration. The comparison over time showed that the organization of the agency did not change, it could be described as legal bureaucratic when it was established as well as when it was shut down. This shows that the criticism of the agency of being too “bureaucratic” might be justified but the legitimacy of the agency’s organization was based on bureaucratic principles.

Sammanfattning Bakgrund: Enligt svenska försvarsmakten är den militära professionen under ständig förändring. Stora förändringar sker frekvent inom Försvarsmakten som organisation och kommer i förlängningen leda till nyttiga erfarenheter och kunskaper i framtiden. I sak är detta självklart men det finns även fler faktorer som vi ser mer troligt har större påverkan, exempelvis karriärmodellens utformning, metoder vid rekrytering, uppföljning av samhället och dess värderingar, förändringar och utvecklingar som sker inom teknik, inlärningsstilar och förväntningarna från de nya kommande generationerna. Nuvarande karriärmodell avseende taktiska officerare i den svenska försvarsmakten belönar avancemang och inte fördjupade kunskaper. Syfte: Syftet med studien var att undersöka vetenskaplig litteratur avseende militär karriär med fokus på den svenska försvarsmaktens karriärmodell. Till syftet valdes följande frågeställningar: Vilka teoretiska aspekter finns för en karriärmodell? Hur påverkar karriärmodeller taktiska officerare? Vilken teoretisk bärighet har den svenska försvarsmaktens karriärmodell? Metod: Denna studie är en kvalitativ systematiskt litteraturstudie med latent innehållsanalys som har genomförts med ett induktivt arbetssätt. Analysens metod inkluderade också det hermeneutiska perspektivet, där insamlad data sammanfördes till allmänna principer. Det organisationsteoretiska perspektivet valdes för att beskriva, förenkla och tydliggöra fenomenet med karriärmodell. Som källmaterial har internationella och svenska vetenskapliga artiklar samt böcker använts.    Resultat: I den undersökta litteraturen fanns flera faktorer som påverkade den militära karriären och dess karriärmodell, både nationellt och internationellt, såsom komplexitet i officersrollen, hur olika karriärmodeller ser ut idag, utvecklingen av karriärmodeller och karriärplanering samt att HR-funktionen i en organisation bör ta ett större ansvar. Det framkom också att en mer mångfacetterad karriärmodell kan komma att gynna en organisation i det längre perspektivet. / Abstract   Background: According to the Swedish Armed Forces, the military profession is constantly changing. Major changes occur frequently within the armed forces as an organization and will in the future lead to useful experiences and knowledge in the future. In essence, this is self-evident, but there are also more factors that we see more likely to have greater impact, such as the design of the career model, methods of recruitment, follow-up of society and its values, changes and developments that occur in technology, learning styles and the expectations of the new coming generations. The current career model regarding tactical officers in the Swedish Armed Forces rewards advancement and not in-depth knowledge. Objective: The aim of the study was to examine scientific literature on military careers focusing on the Swedish Armed Forces' career model. The following questions were selected for the purpose: What theoretical aspects are there for a career model? How do career models affect tactical officers? What theoretical bearing does the Swedish Armed Forces career model have? Method: This study is a qualitative systematic literature study with latent content analysis conducted with an inductive method. The method of analysis also included the hermeneutic perspective, in which collected data was combined into general principles. The organizational theoretical perspective was chosen to describe, simplify and clarify the phenomenon with a career model. International and Swedish scientific articles and books have been used as source material. Results: In the literature examined there were several factors that influenced the military career and its career model, both nationally and internationally, such as complexity in the role of officers, how different career models look today, the development of career models and career planning and that the HR function of an organization should take a greater responsibility. It also emerged that a more multifaceted career model may benefit an organization in the longer term.

How does public authority maintain their legitimacy in society? According to theory of institutional adjustment they maintain their authority by adapting to different criteria and modern trends society. One most famous social trend in Sweden has for the last decades been NPM, which shortly means adjusting the organization by making it more like the private sectors companies. This could mean adjusting the entire organization or just taking small influences. Large institutions in the public sector are by mostly related to something rigid and unchanging, but the research declares that even large institutions adapt their structure to maintain legitimacy. This means they only partly change the formal administration to be presented to the public but remain the same in informal structures. Research also tells that some administrations partly change by adjusting the trends to their specific purpose and profession. Riksdagsförvaltningen is the public administration of the Swedish Parliament and is one of the largest institutions in Swedish public sector. The question of this thesis is how does Riksdagsförvaltningen as an institution with such closeness to the political structure of parliament adapt to modern trends or why not? Could the institutional adjustment be affected by its purpose and profession? In this thesis managers in Riksdagsförvaltningen have been interviewed for investigating this question in a qualitative content analysis. The conclusion is that Riksdagsförvaltningen may adjust their formal administration while the mentality and organizational culture of the institution remain the same. It also adapts specific trends to fit its purpose by remaining as a traditional bureaucracy and bringing in ideals from NPM. The closeness to the parliament creates a complicated situation to both pleasure the members of parliament and maintain the values of the administration.

Studien syftar till att kartlägga vilken påverkan ett chefsbyte har på medarbetarna avseende motivation och ledarskap på Luftstridsskolan i Uppsala. Undersökningen avser perioden mars till maj 2021. Kartläggningens första del genomfördes med ambitionen att få en faktabaserad bakgrund över hur länge chefer sitter i sina befattningar. Studiens andra del fortsatte att med kvalitativa metoder inspirerade av grundad teori samt genom en intervjustudie undersöka medarbetares upplevelser av chefsbyten. Syftet var att försöka identifiera vilken påverkan de får på chefernas förutsättningar till ett utvecklande ledarskap men även påverkan på medarbetarnas motivation. Fokus under studien har legat på människan och dess upplevelser. Strävan var också att belysa effekter av chefsbyten ur ett organisatoriskt perspektiv.  Påvisat resultat i studien efter analys pekar på att upplevelserna är överraskande lika oberoende av anställningskategori. Respondenterna gav uttryck för överraskande insikter och förståelse för chefernas situation och utmaningar. Studiens resultat visar även att det finns blandade upplevelser hos alla anställningskategorier av chefsbyten. Det finns styrande och bärande teman som bygger upp om ett chefsbyte upplevs som positivt eller negativt. Teman som identifierades var ledarskap, information och förutsättningar. Slutsatserna av studien är att ett chefsbyte påverkar motivationen hos medarbetarna och chefers förutsättningar att tillämpa ett utvecklande ledarskap. Att skapa rätt förutsättningar för byte av chef framstår som helt centralt med grund i framtagna teman. Studien visar också på generellt lika upplevelser inom anställningskategorierna samt betonar vikten av uppfyllnad av framtagna teman för att minska påverkan på motivation och förutsättningar. Den största påverkan på medarbetarnas motivation sker i steget trygghet, med osäkerhet och oro som konsekvenser. / The study aims to map the impact of a change of management on employees regarding motivation and leadership at the Air Combat School in Uppsala. The survey covers the period March to May 2021.The first part of the survey was carried out with the ambition of gaining a fact-based background on how long managers sit in their positions. The second part of the study continued to use qualitative methods inspired by grounded theory and through an interview study to examine employees' experiences of managerial changes. The purpose was to try to identify the impact they have on the managers 'conditions for developing leadership but also the impact on the employees' motivation. The focus during the study has been on man and his experiences. The aim was also to shed light on the effects of changes of management from an organizational perspective. Demonstrated results in the study after analysis indicate that the experiences are surprisingly equally independent of employment category. The respondents expressed surprising insights and understanding of the managers' situation and challenges. The results of the study also show that there are mixed experiences in all employment categories of managerial changes. There are governing and supporting themes that build up if a change of manager is perceived as positive or negative. Themes identified were leadership, information and conditions. The conclusions of the study are that a change of manager affects the motivation of employees and managers' ability to apply developing leadership. Creating the right conditions for a change of manager appears to be absolutely central, based on developed themes. The study also shows generally similar experiences within the employment categories and emphasizes the importance of fulfilling developed themes in order to reduce the impact on motivation and conditions. The greatest impact on employees' motivation takes place in the step of security, with uncertainty and anxiety as consequences.

Syfte: Denna studie ämnar beskriva och analysera organisationsformer och ledarskap inom svensk golfverksamhet. Svensk golf är speciell eftersom den både finns i ideell form inom Riksidrottsförbundets ramar, i kombination med ett aktiebolag och som rent kommersiell verksamhet. Svensk idrottsverksamhet lägger högt fokus på samhällsvärde, samtidigt som organisationer behöver hantera en komplex ekonomisk verksamhet. Oavsett verksamhetsform kan friktion uppstå och organisationer med multipla institutionella logiker behöver hantera de krav som skapas.   Metod: Studien utfördes genom intervjuer med nio klubbchefer inom tre olika organisationsformer. Klubbchefer valdes för att de antogs ha insyn i verksamheten. Urvalet var strategiskt för att få så stor bredd som möjligt beträffande verksamhetsform, geografi, ålder och kön. Analysen genomfördes tematiskt och utgår ifrån analysprocessen ”Big Q” (Braun, Clarke & Weate, 2016) för att studera intervjupersonernas livsvärld i den svenska idrottskontexten.   Analys: Med hjälp av ny-institutionell organisationsteori diskuteras utmaningar och strategier för de olika organisationerna och för klubbcheferna som leder dem. Ett organisationsschema över golfverksamhet i Sverige presenteras för att ge en beskrivning av den kontext studien analyserar. Här beskrivs klubbchefen som ”spindeln i nätet” vilket representerar den övergripande arbetsroll hen besitter, oavsett organisationsform. Vidare presenteras en tillämpbar praktisk modell för att sammanställa och jämföra organisationsformerna.   Slutsats: De konkurrerande logikerna visar sig kunna hanteras väl inom golfen i Sverige. Verksamheterna i denna studie arbetar med ett integrerat ledningsorgan som tar hänsyn till både den samhällsfrämjande logiken och den finansiella logiken. Klubbchefen är den hybrida individen som håller samman organisationen. En återkommande utmaning är dock hög arbetsbelastning på klubbchef på grund av bristfälliga resurser, både ekonomiska möjligheter och stöd från ideellt arbetande inom organisationen. Golfaren som medlem eller kund är en central fråga för framtiden. / Purpose: This study means to describe and analyze organizational forms and management in Swedish golf organizations. Swedish golf stands out because it governs in associations within the Swedish Sport Confederations framework, in combination with an incorporated company and as a commercialized business. Swedish sports prioritize societal value and simultaneously needs to manage a complex financial business. Regardless organizational form can tension arise and organizations with multiple institutional logics needs to manage the challenges created.   Method: The study conducted interviews with nine general managers in three different organizational forms. General managers were chosen because they assumed to have insight in the organization. The sample was made strategically to get a wide population regarding organizational form, location, age, and gender. The analyze process performed thematically was inspired by the strategy “Big Q” (Braun, Clarke & Weate, 2016) to study the interviewees workday in the Swedish sport context.   Analysis: With aid from new institutionalized theory discusses challenges and strategies for the differentialized organizations and for the general manager who leads them. A club structure is presented to describe the Swedish context. The general manager describes as “the spider in the web” which represents the comprehensive work role possessed, regardless organizational form. The study also presents a practical model is to summarize and compare the organizational forms.   Conclusion: The competing logics is shown to be handled well in Swedish golf organizations. The organizations in this study govern through an integrated management which considers both social value logic and the financial logic. The general manager is the hybrid individual which holds the organization together. A recurrent challenge is a high workload on the general manager created by inadequate resources, both economic resources and lack of support from voluntary workforce. The golfer as a member or a customer is a central question for the future.

The purpose of this study is to examine how social workers work in order to enable children and young people's participation during a child protection investigation and how they experience the Convention on the Rights of the Child have changed the conditions of their work. To address the aim of the study, we have interviewed five social workers who work with children and young people at the social services office in four different municipalities in Stockholm county. To analyze the empirical data, we have used two theoretical frameworks; Shier’s Pathways to Participation and New Institutional Theory of Organizations. The results of this study indicate that social workers find it hard to define children and young people's participation, which leads to different ways of working. There are obstacles such as a parental focus and organizational conditions, such as time constraints, workload and budget cuts, which complicate social workers' work with children and young people's participation. Furthermore, we find that the Convention on the Right of the Child as a law has not had a major impact on social workers' practical work with children and young people's participation in child protection investigations.

Enligt WHO ökar den psykiska ohälsan globalt, i bakgrund till detta har vi valt att fördjupa oss i hur individer med psykisk ohälsa upplever att de blir bemötta och handlagda av följande myndigheter Arbetsförmedlingen, Försäkringskassan och Socialförvaltningen. Ansatsen i studien har varit en kvalitativ metodansats med hermeneutisk ingång som genomfördes via fem kvalitativa intervjuer. Syfte med denna studie är i första hand att få insikt på hur myndigheterna uppfyller de lagar och regleringar som finns lagstadgat angående psykisk ohälsa samt belysa myndigheternas hantering och bemötande. Våra teorier har varit system och livsvärld, organisationsteori och roller/rollkonflikter. Resultatet indikerar att myndigheterna följer anvisade lagar och riktlinjer, att målen är att kunna bistå de klienter de dagligen möter på ett professionellt sätt. Vi kan konstateras att förhållandet mellan individen och myndigheterna präglas av vissa oklarheter kring handläggande. / According to the WHO, mental health increases globally, in the background to this we have chosen to immerse ourselves in how individuals with mental ill-health feel that they are treated and handled by the following Arbetsförmedlingen, Försäkringskassan and Socialförvaltningen. The approach of this study has been a qualitative metodansats with a hermeneutic entrance, which was carried out five qualitative interviews were conducted. The purpose of this study is to gain insight in how the authorities are complying with the laws and regulations that are legislated on the subject of mental illness, as well as to highlight the authorities ' management and staff. Our work has been in the system, and pain, as well, organizational theory and the role/research. The results indicate that the comply with the designated laws, regulations, and guidelines, and that they are able to provide assistance to the clients, and they meet every day in a professional manner. We can conclude that the relationship between the individual and the public authorities are characterised by a certain lack of precision about the process.

School counsellors have been an occupation in Sweden since the 1940s but despite this, there is very little knowledge and research about school counsellors’ preconditions according to their work. This study aims to examine in what frequencies school counsellors’ use evidence-based methods in their work with students in senior high school. The result is based on a survey with N 215 respondents from all over Sweden and the analysis theoretical perspective is founded on evidence-based practice (EBP) and new institutional theory. The result indicates that school counsellors in Sweden do not use evidence-based methods to such an extent and that there are organisational and structural obstacles for school counsellors to base their work from evidence-based practice. There is a decoupling process where ideals of EBP do not match the reality as different kinds of logic appear and come into conflict with each other over whose legitimacy is the one that should dominate the organizational field. To increase the conditions, a school management that provides support and enables professional guidance and competence development is needed. The research field needs to start looking at the school counsellors’ practice from a bottom-up perspective to see what they do that works and develop EBP and the organizational field based on this. This is one way to give school counsellors’ more legitimacy.