Submitted by Nadir Basilio (nadirsb@uninove.br) on 2016-06-08T18:22:11Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Maurício Tessi de Souza.pdf: 1434399 bytes, checksum: 33e4b3f5814a662b1128ffd020800265 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-06-08T18:22:11Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Maurício Tessi de Souza.pdf: 1434399 bytes, checksum: 33e4b3f5814a662b1128ffd020800265 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-04-27 / Social software, eg Wikis, Blogs and Microblogs, have gained attention in recent years in the daily life of organizations, these can be incorporated into the project management and collaborative tools. Regarding organizations, these tools can facilitate the sharing of lessons learned and knowledge among employees of an organization and the external public. These facilities can be seen through the real-time communication, access to information by multiple people at the same time and control of information exercised by management or organization. Moreover, the lessons learned are one of the central points of this research, which contributed directly to the organization, management and the security project teams. This study aims to evaluate to what extent the use of an artifact produced by a lessons learned management model can contribute to the management of security projects. As research question of this study narrowed to the following, "To what extent the lessons learned Target 2.0 management model can contribute to the management of security projects?" To this end, this study uses the Design Science Research as a research paradigm and the Technical Action Research as a method, which will reduce the gap between research and practice. This work is characterized as qualitative, using interviews and direct observations techniques. We used a Wiki as a central tool of this artifact, noting the facilities of inputs, consultations and control of the lessons learned from the management and design teams. The device was applied to the organization through a Web 2.0 tool, ie a Wiki, which served as support and support to project teams in the collection of lessons learned. The study found that even the use of the artifact has contributed significantly to the practice of security projects, as there was an improvement in communication between staff and management. Another point seen in the study was the ease of use of the tool users in the process. One of the limitations is the availability of Internet, which is still a problem, because without Internet, the virtual tools or social media are compromised, being a hindrance to the team's work in the field. As a contribution to the theory the artifact created can improve Lessons Learned storage and communication between property security project teams and their managers in the researched organization. / Os softwares sociais, e.g. Wikis, Blogues e Microblogues, têm ganho atenção nos últimos anos no cotidiano das organizações, podendo estes serem incorporados à gestão de projetos como ferramentas colaborativas. No que tange às organizações, essas ferramentas podem facilitar o compartilhamento das lições aprendidas e o conhecimento entre colaboradores de uma organização e o público externo. Estas facilidades podem ser vistas através da comunicação em tempo real, do acesso às informações por várias pessoas ao mesmo tempo e do controle das informações exercido pela gestão ou pela organização. Além disso, as lições aprendidas são um dos pontos centrais desta pesquisa, a qual contribuiu diretamente na organização, na gestão e nas equipes de projetos de segurança. Este estudo tem como objetivo avaliar em que medida o uso de um artefato produzido por meio de um modelo de gestão de lições aprendidas pode contribuir para o gerenciamento de projetos de segurança. Como questão de pesquisa deste estudo delimitou-se a seguinte, "Em que medida o modelo de gestão de lições aprendidas Target 2.0 pode contribuir com a gestão de projetos de segurança?" Para tal, este estudo utiliza o Design Science Research como paradigma de pesquisa e o Technical Action Research como método, que permitem reduzir a lacuna existente entre a pesquisa e a prática. Este trabalho se caracteriza como qualitativo, utilizando as técnicas de entrevista e observação direta. Utilizou-se uma Wiki como ferramenta central deste artefato, observando as facilidades dos inputs, as consultas e controle das lições aprendidas entre a gestão e as equipes de projeto. O artefato foi aplicado na organização por meio de uma ferramenta da Web 2.0, ou seja, uma Wiki, a qual serviu como suporte e apoio às equipes de projeto na coleta das lições aprendidas. O estudo apontou ainda que o uso do artefato contribuiu significativamente para a prática de projetos de segurança, pois houve uma melhora na comunicação entre a equipe e com a gestão. Outro ponto percebido no estudo foi à facilidade de uso da ferramenta pelos usuários nos processos apresentados pelo modelo Target 2.0. Como limitações percebeu-se que a Internet ainda é um problema, pois sem ela as ferramentas virtuais ou as mídias sociais são comprometidas, sendo um empecilho para o trabalho da equipe em campo. Como contribuição para a teoria o artefato criado pode melhorar o armazenamento de Lições Aprendidas e a comunicação entre as equipes de projeto de segurança patrimonial e seus gestores na organização pesquisada.

Ce mémoire s’inscrit dans un projet de recherche plus global sur l’évaluation du potentiel archéologique du mont Royal réalisé par l’Université de Montréal en partenariat avec la Ville de Montréal et le ministère de la Culture et des Communications du Québec. Plus précisément, il a pour objectif de mettre en œuvre et d’apporter une réflexion sur l’outil dans la gestion du patrimoine archéologique. Au Québec, malgré l’importance de cet outil à l’étape du diagnostic en archéologie préventive, il existe peu de connaissances empiriques sur son efficacité et sur la validité des différentes méthodologies employées. Nous avons donc voulu mieux comprendre la démarche de l’évaluation du potentiel à partir de l’approche du paysage culturel et de celle de l’écologie historique, et ce, afin de voir comment cela pouvait apporter une nouvelle façon d’envisager le potentiel archéologique. L’élaboration de notre cadre théorique s’est appuyée, notamment, sur une trentaine d’études de potentiel archéologique produite au Québec. À l’aide de ce cadre théorique, le potentiel archéologique du versant nord du Mont-Royal a été documenté sur une période allant de la fin du XVIIe siècle jusqu’au XXe siècle. La recherche théorique a été complétée par des inspections visuelles des zones, permettant ainsi de documenter plus finement certains éléments environnementaux, tels la topographie, le couvert végétal, l’hydrographie, etc. Dans la construction du paysage culturel, c’est l’aspect mythique et symbolique de la montagne qui nous intéresse. Nous en avons retenu trois thèmes principaux qui s’échelonnent dans le temps, c’est-à-dire la montagne pittoresque et le paysage forestier, la montagne agricole et l’industrie des tanneries et, enfin, l’arrivée des cimetières et des établissements religieux. Pour chacun de ces thèmes, des orientations de recherche sont énoncées en guise de réflexion sur les éléments d’intérêt archéologique présentés. Ces thèmes, nous le suggérons, pourront être pris en compte dans un contexte d’archéologie préventive. / This thesis is part of a broader research project on the archaeological potential of Mount Royal carried out by Université de Montreal in partnership with the City of Montreal and the Ministry of Culture and Communications of Quebec. More specifically, it aims to assess the utility and efficiency of archaeological potential studies as a tool in cultural resource management. In Quebec, despite the importance of this tool in preventive archaeology at the diagnostic stage, there has been very little empirical study of its effectiveness and the validity of the different methodologies used. We therefore wish to bring a better understanding to the assessment of archaeological heritage potential by using a cultural landscape and historical ecology approach, in order to see how this can bring about a new way of considering archaeological potential. The development of the theoretical framework for this paper was based on some thirty archaeological assessments produced in Quebec. It is through this theoretical framework that the archaeological potential of the territory under study, namely the northern slopes of Mount Royal, was documented for a period starting at the end of the 17th century up to the 20th century. The theoretical research was complemented by visual inspections of the geographical zones, thereby permitting a more precise documentation of certain environmental features such as the topography, the ground vegetation and tree cover, the hydrography, etc. In the construction of the cultural landscape, the mythical and symbolic aspects of the mountain retain our interest. We have chosen three main themes, namely the picturesque mountain and the forest landscape, the agricultural mountain and the tanning industries and, lastly, the arrival of cemeteries and religious institutions. For each theme, research orientations are formulated in order to reflect the elements of archaeological interest that we present. These themes may be taken into account for archaeological resource management.

[ES] Esta tesis lleva a cabo una investigación exhaustiva e interdisciplinaria sobre la compleja interrelación entre el turismo patrimonial y el desarrollo sostenible, centrada en el estudio del patrimonio de la Ruta de la Seda en Bujará, Uzbekistán. Utilizando métodos de investigación cualitativos y cuantitativos, incluyendo el análisis de estudios empíricos, entrevistas con interesados, encuestas y estudios de campo en sitios patrimoniales, la investigación proporciona una comprensión enriquecida de los problemas y oportunidades asociados con el aprovechamiento del patrimonio histórico para iniciativas de turismo sostenible. Este trabajo, centrado en cinco preguntas de investigación esenciales, examina los desafíos existentes en el camino del turismo sostenible de Bujará, tales como la insuficiencia de infraestructura, la falta de colaboración efectiva entre proveedores de turismo y el gobierno, y las perspectivas futuras de los interesados. Además, se presta especial atención a los principales agentes involucrados, incluyendo a los gerentes de instalaciones de alojamiento, operadores turísticos y dueños de restaurantes, el papel que desempeñan las asociaciones público-privadas a nivel de gobernanza regional, y su entendimiento conceptual de "Ruta de la Seda" y "Turismo sostenible". Uno de los componentes significativos de esta investigación es el diagnóstico y evaluación del patrimonio cultural de la ciudad de Bujará asi como de los proveedores e infraestructuras vinculadas con el destino turístico. Este diagnóstico y evaluaciónó concluye con la aplicación de un Índice de Aptitud Turística, un Índice de Potencial Turístico para Bujará y, basado en estos, un Modelo de Turismo. Este modelo está diseñado no solo para mejorar la confianza del cliente y el flujo de turistas, sino también para integrarse de manera fluida con las estructuras económicas y sociales del destino. Asimismo, se proponen estrategias prácticas para la conservación del patrimonio, vías para mejorar y promover la colaboración de interesados y facilitar el crecimiento económico sostenible. Se reconoce como un modelo que puede servir como base para otros sitios patrimoniales similares en Asia Central. La investigación ofrece reflexiones críticas sobre los resultados de sus hallazgos y aboga por una mayor colaboración entre el sector público y privado y la participación comunitaria, enfatizando la necesidad de un enfoque multidimensional en la implementación de la gobernanza. Asimismo, este estudio reitera la importancia de programas de educación y fortalecimiento de capacidades destinados a mejorar la comprensión de prácticas de turismo sostenible entre proveedores de servicios. En definitiva, esta investigación sirve como una contribución significativa a los campos del turismo patrimonial y el desarrollo sostenible aplicado al caso de estudio del sitio patrimonial de la ciudad de Bujará. El estudio demuestra que si el patrimonio histórico de la Ruta de la Seda en Bujará es gestionado aplicando prácticas estables e inclusivas contribuirá significativamente a la prosperidad económica y social del destino. Además, este modelo puede servir para ser extrapolado a otros sitios patrimoniales similares. / [CA] Aquesta tesi duu a terme una investigació exhaustiva i interdisciplinària sobre la complexa interrelació entre el turisme patrimonial i el desenvolupament sostenible, centrada en l'estudi del patrimoni de la Ruta de la Seda en Bujará, Uzbekistan. Utilitzant mètodes d'investigació qualitatius i quantitatius, incloent-hi l'anàlisi d'estudis empírics, entrevistes amb interessats, enquestes i estudis de camp en llocs patrimonials, la investigació proporciona una comprensió enriquida dels problemes i oportunitats associats amb l'aprofitament del patrimoni històric per a iniciatives de turisme sostenible. Aquest treball, centrat en cinc preguntes d'investigació essencials, examina els desafiaments existents en el camí del turisme sostenible de Bujará, com ara la insuficiència d'infraestructura, la falta de col·laboració efectiva entre proveïdors de turisme i el govern, i les perspectives futures dels interessats. A més, es presta especial atenció als principals agents involucrats, incloent-hi els gerents d'instal·lacions d'allotjament, operadors turístics i restaurants, el paper que exerceixen les associacions públic-privades a nivell de governança regional, i el seu enteniment conceptual de la "Ruta de la Seda" i el "Turisme sostenible". Un dels components significatius d'aquesta investigació és el diagnòstic i avaluació del patrimoni cultural de la ciutat de Bujará asi com dels proveïdors i infraestructures vinculades al desti turístic. Aquest diagnòstic i la evaluacion conclou amb l'aplicació d'un Índex d'Aptitud Turística, un Índex de Potencial Turístic per a Bujará i, basat en aquests, un Model de Turisme. Aquest model està dissenyat no sols per a millorar la confiança del client i el flux de turistes, sinó també per a integrar-se de manera fluida amb les estructures econòmiques i socials del destí. Així mateix, es proposen estratègies pràctiques per a la conservació del patrimoni, vies per a millorar i promoure la col·laboració d'interessats i facilitar el creixement econòmic sostenible. Es reconeix com un model que pot servir com a base per a altres llocs patrimonials similars a Àsia Central. La investigació ofereix reflexions crítiques sobre els resultats obtinguts i advoca per una major col·laboració entre el sector públic i privat i la participació comunitària, emfatitzant la necessitat d'un enfocament multidimensional en la implementació de la governança. Així mateix, aquest estudi reitera la importància de programes d'educació i enfortiment de capacitats destinats a millorar la comprensió de pràctiques de turisme sostenible entre proveïdors de serveis. En definitiva, aquesta investigació serveix com una contribució significativa als camps del turisme patrimonial i el desenvolupament sostenible aplicat al cas d'estudi del lloc patrimonial de la ciutat de Bujará. L'estudi demostra que si el patrimoni històric de la Ruta de la Seda en Bujará és gestionat aplicant pràctiques estables i inclusives contribuirà significativament a la prosperitat econòmica i social del destí. A més, aquest model pot servir per a ser extrapolat a altres llocs patrimonials similars. / [EN] This thesis conducts a comprehensive, interdisciplinary investigation into the complex interrelationship between heritage tourism and sustainable development, with a focus on the Silk Road heritage in Bukhara, Uzbekistan. Employing qualitative and quantitative research methods, including the analysis of empirical studies, interviews with stakeholders, surveys, and field studies at heritage sites, the research provides an enriched understanding of the issues and opportunities associated with leveraging historical heritage for sustainable tourism initiatives. Centered around five core research questions, the study scrutinizes existing challenges in Bukhara's sustainable tourism pathway, such as the inadequacy of infrastructure, lack of effective collaboration between tourism providers and the government, and future prospects of stakeholders. Furthermore, particular attention is paid to the key stakeholders involved, including managers of accommodation facilities, tour operators, and restaurant owners, their role in public-private partnerships at the regional governance level, and their conceptual understanding of "Silk Road" and "Sustainable Tourism". One of the significant components of the research the diagnosis and evaluation of the cultural heritage of the city of Bukhara as well as of the suppliers and infrastructure linked to the tourist destination. This diagnosis and evaluation conclude with the application of a Tourism Aptitude of the Heritages, a Tourism Potential Index for Bukhara and, based on these, a Tourism Model. This model is designed not only to enhance customer trust and the flow of tourists but also to integrate seamlessly with Bukhara's economic and social structures. It proposes practical strategies for heritage conservation, stakeholder collaboration, and sustainable economic growth, serving as a blueprint for similar heritage sites across Central Asia. The research offers critical reflections on the results of its findings and advocates for greater public-private sector collaboration and community participation, emphasizing the need for a multidimensional approach to governance implementation. Furthermore, this study reiterates the importance of education and capacity building programs aimed at improving understanding of sustainable tourism practices among service providers. Ultimately, this research serves as a significant contribution to the fields of heritage tourism and sustainable development applied to the case study of the Bukhara city heritage site. The study demonstrates that if the historical heritage of the Silk Road in Bukhara is managed by applying stable and inclusive practices it will contribute significantly to the economic and social prosperity of the destination. Furthermore, this model can be extrapolated to other similar heritage sites. / Kilichov, M. (2023). The Silk Road Heritage Enhancement for Local Sustainable Tourism Development in Bukhara (Uzbekistan). Analysis and Diagnosis about the Current Situation [Tesis doctoral]. Universitat Politècnica de València. https://doi.org/10.4995/Thesis/10251/201551

Le régime de cession des droits sociaux applicable des entre les membres d’une même famille est certes privilégié. Mais le législateur ne prend en compte que certains d’entre eux, à savoir, les ascendants, les descendants et certains collatéraux. Pourtant, les parts sociales ou actions font parties des biens patrimoniaux de la famille. Cette mise en société sert de prétexte à une meilleure gestion du patrimoine familial, mais aussi à sa cession au sein de la famille. L’objectif souvent non avoué est la pérennisation de l’entreprise familiale au sein de la famille. Toutefois, législateur ne reconnait toujours pas tous les types de schémas familiaux contemporains. Et pour cause, la notion de famille n’est pas définie en droit. Pourtant cette définition serait bien utile pour soumettre les cessions entre proches à un régime bien spécifique. La conséquence est que la pratique des affaires a développée quantité de règles pour permettre aux associés familiaux soit de rester ensemble au sein de la société ou d’en sortir. En effet, les aléas de la vie familiale commandent les cessions. Ce sont souvent des pactes extra-statutaires qui servent de support à la cession des titres. Le problème est qu’ils n’engagent que leurs signataires. Autrement dit, les associés familiaux non signataires de ces pactes ne sont pas concernés par ceux-ci. Pourtant, ils font partie de la même société et de la même famille. Peuvent-ils pour autant élever contestation en justice ? Car à bien des égards, ces pactes sont souvent à la frontière de l’illégalité notamment celle de l’interdiction des pactes sur succession future. Alors, la liberté de cession du cédant serait-elle empêchée dans le cadre d’une société familiale ? L’élément de réponse se trouve sans doute dans la consécration du pacte de famille, un nouvel outil juridique autonome destiné à compléter efficacement les statuts de la société. / The system of transfer of the corporate holdings of the company applicable between members of the same family is certainly privileged. But the legislator only takes into account some of them namely, ascendants, descendants and some collaterals. However, shares or stocks are part of the family's patrimonial assets. This incorporation serves as a pretext for better management of the family patrimony, but also for its transfer within the family. The often unstated aim is the sustainability of the family business within the family. However, legislator still does not recognize all types of contemporary family patterns. And for good reason, the notion of family is not defined in law. Yet this definition would be very useful to submit the transfers between relatives to a specific regime. The consequence is that business practice has developed a lot of rules to allow family partners to either stay together in society or get out of it. Indeed, the vagaries of family life command shares disposal. These are often extra-statutory pacts that serve as a support for the sale of securities. The problem is that they only commit their signatories. In other words, non-signatory family members of these pacts are not affected by them. Yet they are part of the same company and the same family. Can they raise a challenge in court? Because in many ways, these pacts are often on the borderline of illegality, including the prohibition of pacts respecting a future succession. Could the transferor's freedom of assignment be prevented in the context of a family company? The element of response is undoubtedly in the consecration of the family pact, a new independent legal tool designed to effectively supplement the company statutes.

La théorie de l’autonomie de la volonté est une théorie philosophique et juridique ancienne qui intéresse toutes les matières du droit. Elle est comparée par Gounot à « la pierre angulaire de tout l’édifice juridique ».Notre étude porte sur sur le principe d’autonomie de la volonté, ses effets et ses limites en droit patrimonial de la famille. Le droit patrimonial de la famille, qui se trouve à l’intersection du droit des contrats, du droit des biens et du droit de la famille, est concerné de près par cette théorie. Si le mouvement actuel du droit tend vers l’octroiement, aux familles et aux individus, de plus de liberté dans la gestion de leurs biens, se pose alors les questions de savoir quelles sont les limites actuelles a cette théorie après les dernières réformes en France, notamment celle du 23 juin 2006 ? Quels sont les composants actuels de l’ordre public familial ? Et que reste-t-il des anciennes limites et prohibitions ?La comparaison, sous l’angle de l’autonomie de la volonté, de deux systèmes juridiques parents mais différents nous offre une vue plus objective des besoins des familles au Liban et en France.Il s’agit à notre sens de ne plus penser et baser les réformes nécessaires dans chacun de ces deux pays sur la théorie de l’autonomie de la volonté ou sur celle de l’utile et du juste, mais plutôt de penser et baser les réformes nécessaires sur les vrais besoins des familles et des individus selon chaque société. / Autonomy of the will – French-Lebanese comparative law – Autonomy of the will in the patrimonial family law – Autonomy of the will's reach – French patrimonial family law – Lebanese patrimonial family law – Donations in Lebanese law – Donations in French law – Estate law – French estate law – Lebanese estate law – estate law for the non-Muslims in Lebanon – estate law for Muslims in Lebanon – Matrimonial regimes law – French matrimonial regimes law – Lebanese matrimonial regimes law – Change of matrimonial regimes – Marriage – Marriage in France – PACS – Concubinage – Marriage in Lebanon – Religious marriage in Lebanon – Civil marriage in Lebanon – Lebanese personal status – the limits of the autonomy of the will – French estate public order – French matrimonial public order – Lebanese estate public order – Lebanese matrimonial public order – Inheritance reserved portion in French law – Inheritance reserved portion in Lebanese law – Prohibition of pacts on future succession in French law - Prohibition of pacts on future succession in Lebanese law – Gradual end residual donations – Banking secrecy in Lebanon – TRUST – Disguise – Life-insurance – Matrimonial benefits – Irrevocable mandate in Lebanese law – Posthumous mandate – Civil real estate company.

Locution issue du langage courant, le « train de vie » a été importée dans la sphère juridique dès la fin des années 1930 pour lutter contre la fraude fiscale. Depuis les années 1960 et surtout 2000 elle est utilisée dans toutes les branches du droit privé. Elle n’a pourtant reçu aucune définition. Partant de ce constat, la première partie de cette thèse s’intéresse au contenu juridique de la notion de train de vie. Elle y est définie comme la jouissance, à titre habituel d’une certaine quantité de biens et de services, caractérisant à la fois un niveau de vie et une habitude de vie. Il ressort de cette définition que tant les biens que les services peuvent être le support du train de vie, que cette notion s’apprécie en jouissance et non en propriété et qu’une condition de durée doit être remplie. La seconde partie de cette thèse s’intéresse aux effets qui sont attachés au train de vie. Il est toujours utilisé en tant que point de référence mais n’est pas toujours invoqué par la même personne. Ainsi, le train de vie peut être soit opposé à son bénéficiaire par un tiers, soit opposé par son bénéficiaire à un tiers. Dans le premier cas, il est un point de référence permettant d’identifier une disproportion, à laquelle sont attachées des conséquences juridiques néfastes pour le bénéficiaire du train de vie. Dans le second cas, il sert de point de référence pour apprécier et traiter une situation de rupture patrimoniale. Caractérisant une situation économique habituelle, le train de vie est doté d’une certaine inertie,qui nécessite qu’il ne soit pas arrêté brutalement. Il est alors de nature à conférer des droits à son bénéficiaire. / An expression usually found in everyday language, the « train de vie », or standard of living, wasbrought into the legal sphere as early as the late 1930’s in a bid to fight fiscal fraud. Since the 1960’s, and evenmore so since the 2000’s, it is found in all branches of private law. It has, however, never been defined.Therefore, the first part of this thesis looks into the legal content of the idea of « train de vie ». It is definedhere as the enjoyment of a certain quantity of goods and services that has come to be the habitual, markingboth a standard of living and a life habit. This definition of the expression leads to the conclusion that as goodsand services can support of the « train de vie », this is a notion that is to be assessed in enjoyment and not inpropriety, and that a condition of length of time is to be fulfilled. The second part of this thesis focuses on theeffects attached to the « train de vie ». It is still used as a reference point but not always invoked by the sameperson. Therefore, the “train de vie” can either be set against it’s beneficiary by a third party, or by it’sbeneficiary against a third party. In the first case, it becomes a point of reference allowing to identify a lack ofproportion, unto which are attached legal consequences unfavorable to the beneficiary of the « train de vie ».In the second case, it serves as a point of reference to asses and deal with a situation of a patrimonial break.Charaterizing a habitual economic situation, le “train de vie” is endowed with a measure of inertia, whichrequires that it not by stopped suddenly. It is thusfore of a nature to create rights for it’s beneficiary.

The available sources on the dependency action in South Africa do not mention the presence or absence of traditional values. This study was prompted by a simple curiosity to discover the traditional legal values of the dependency action for loss of support. Accordingly, the study critically examines the action of dependants for loss of support and other related losses in South Africa, Botswana and Lesotho from an African perspective. It then compares this to its application in Australia, a country that is known for its recognition and inclusion of indigenous Australian customary law. The study recommends that traditional values should be preserved in the records of the legal system, as it might stimulate a discussion, which could lead to the culmination of a single dependency action tailored to fit the whole nation and all its different cultures and religions. / Private Law

In recent years, research on the field of ancient Egyptian economy in its earliest historical forms has grown quickly. Despite previous efforts in the last decades, the nature of the ancient Egyptian economic system has not yet been satisfactorily defined. Ancient Egypt had, like the majority of preindustrial societies, a pre-eminently agrarian economy. Amongst the agricultural products acquired from the Egyptian land, cereals stood out due to their economic significance. Grain and cereal-based products, such as bread and beer, were used as a medium of exchange and a basis for wages. The aforementioned importance of cereals must have made their management and storage a matter of priority. The storage of food staples is always of utmost importance as it is a key component of food distribution, which is an important means of executing power and accomplishing the goals by specific actors in a system (Paulette 2013: 106). Despite the significance of grain storage for the understanding of socio-economic and power relations in a given society, no comprehensive macro-study on grain storage in ancient Egypt has been undertaken. Thus, the main goal of this work is to obtain a new multi-faceted picture of grain storage in ancient Egypt. More precisely, the study focuses on an extensive historical span...

Cette étude examine l’administration des biens d’Église en territoire de mission, sous l’angle de la quête d’autonomie patrimoniale. Elle évalue la mise en route progressive de l’autonomie patrimoniale des Églises devant succéder aux Missions catholiques, à travers l’analyse des sources depuis l’érection en 1622 de la Sacrée Congrégation de Propaganda Fide chargée des Missions catholiques. Ses efforts de financement s’annonçaient déjà insuffisants. Au XIXe siècle elle prescrivit une administration des biens en lien avec la quête d’autonomie patrimoniale. Une exigence prévoyant l’institution d’un clergé indigène devant trouver ses propres ressources. Elle instaura la pratique d’envoyer des vicaires apostoliques dans les territoires de mission pour mettre en route l’autonomie patrimoniale. Les vingt-cinq années d’administration des biens par les Pallottins se soldèrent par une autonomie financière, défi difficile pour les Spiritains. / This study examines the administration of the property of Catholic Missions in mission territory, from the perspective of the quest for patrimonial autonomy. It evaluates of the gradual implementation of the patrimonial autonomy of the future Churches to succeed the catholic Missions, through the analysis of sources since the erection on 1622 of the Sacred Congregation of Propaganda Fide in charge of catholic Missions. Its financing efforts announced insufficient. In the nineteenth century it prescribed an administration of property in connection with the quest for patrimonial autonomy. Such a requirement provided for the institution of a native clergy to find their own resources. It established the practice of sending apostolic vicars to mission territories to initiate the quest for patrimonial autonomy. The twenty-five years of administration of the property by the Pallottines ended in financial autonomy, a difficult challenge for the Spiritans.

En esta tesis se hace un estudio de las élites de poder en Caravaca durante la Segunda Mitad del Siglo XVIII, tanto a nivel familiar, como a nivel de poder político y de la relación de este con su poder patrimonial. Se parte del análisis de las principales familias que configuran el poder local, y a partir de él, se procede a establecer los lazos de parentesco y matrimonios que se dan entre dichas élites. Pero el centro de la tesis lo constituye el estudio de los comerciantes desde dos vertientes: La primera como instrumento económico que va a favorecer el tráfico y comercio de la zona introduciéndola en las principales rutas interiores del comercio de la lana, mientras que la segunda vertiente hace referencia, a su influencia como poder político, a su introducción paulatina en los cargos del concejo y la ocupación de los puestos de mayor relevancia. / This thesis is intended as a study of power elites in Caravaca during the second half of the 18th century from the perspective of the families involved and the relationship between their political and patrimonial powers. The main families that shaped local power have been analysed and the bonds and marriages between their members have been brought to light. The core of the thesis, however, is the study of local merchants from a double perspective: (i) their role as economic agents that encouraged traffic and commerce in the area by introducing it in the main inland routes of wool trade; and (ii) the gradual increase of their political power, as shown by the fact that they tended to hold the most relevant posts in the local council.