Syftet med denna studie är att undersöka hur bageriföretag använder sig av Sveriges image och vilka egenskaper kopplas till deras varumärke. Vidare vill denna studie skapa förståelse på hur ett lands image kan användas som en varumärkesstrategi. Studiens resultat visar att svenska bageriföretag använder sig av olika svenska egenskaper som den svenska flaggan, svensk text och svenska symboler som älgar för att kommunicera deras svenska ursprung i utländska marknader. De intervjuade företag visar att det mest direkta sättet att påverka kommunikationen av deras svenska ursprung är genom förpackningar av deras produkter. Det svenska ursprunget av företagets varumärke och produkter kan ge konkurrensfördelar och hjälpa deras produkter att sticka ut från mängden i marknader som har en positiv respons för svenska livsmedelsprodukter.

The world population is increasing, meanwhile people are looking for the urban environments for better living conditions. The increase will result in growing pressures on ecosystems which are located near the cities. This means a reduction of green areas, loss of biodiversity and higher emissions of air pollutants. To prevent this meanwhile as the society is focusing in developing for a more sustainable urban planning for a better living environment and a sustainable development, it can also enable the work towards Sweden's environmental goal of a God-built environment (God bebyggd miljö).The purpose of the study is to investigate what opportunities there are to make demand on environmental requirements during the land allocation process. The study focuses on the urban development project Barkarbystaden in Järfälla, Sweden. The involved actors in the land allocation process are Järfälla municipality and the developers.The method which was used for the study was interviews with a municipal worker from Järfälla municipality and developers in Barkarbystaden. As an analysis tool, implementation theory has been used with focus on the top-down and bottom-up perspective.The results show good opportunities to set environmental requirements for both the municipality and the developers, and an effective implementation of environmental requirements. The study is based on the implementation theory, and three conditions that indicate the theory; understanding, feasibility and willingness to implement / Jordens befolkning ökar medan människor söker sig till urbana miljöer, för bättre levnadsvillkor. Denna ökning resulterar i ett ökat tryck på exploatering och påverkan på ekosystem som befinner sig i närområdet till städerna. Mer specifikt innebär det en minskning av gröna ytor, påverkan och förlust av biodiversitet och utsläpp av föroreningar i både luft och natur. För att hindra detta samtidigt som en utveckling för en hållbar stadsplanering till goda livsmiljöer och en hållbar utveckling, kan det även leda arbetet mot Sveriges miljömål om God bebyggd miljö.Syftet med studien är att undersöka vilka möjligheter det finns att ställa miljökrav under markanvisningsprocessen. Studien fokuserar på stadsbyggnadsprojektet Barkarbystaden i Järfälla kommun, där de involverade aktörerna Järfälla kommun och respektive byggherrar får ta sig igenom markanvisningsprocessen.Metoden som användes för studien var intervjuer med en kommuntjänsteman från Järfälla kommun samt tre byggherrar i Barkarbystaden.Resultatet visar goda möjligheter att ställa miljökrav för både kommunen och byggherrarna. För att svara på detta utgår studien från implementeringsteorin, och tre villkor som tyder på de; förståelse, genomförbarhet och vilja att implementera ett beslut.

This essay examines how the magazines Skogen and Sveriges Natur have used the concept ofsustainable forestry in their editorial pages, as opinion leaders, during the period 1977-2006and analyzes how the concept has changed in meaning during these years.

The historical study of Swedish antisemitism in the first decades of the twentieth century, initially became a focal point in the 1990s. Since then, research has, for example, been done on the organized political antisemitism and on antisemitic attitudes that prevailed unreflected in the public discourse. 1937 the Swedish parliament passed a bill that mandated mandatory stunning before slaughter, which in turn outlawed the Jewish slaughter method shechita. If and how, the debate was informed or based upon antisemitic believes has been disputed in previous research. The purpose of this essay is therefore, to investigate how the debate preceding the law of mandatory stunning can be understood. The essays theoretical approach is based on Kenneth L. Marcus further development of Helein Feins definition of antisemitism and on Artur Sandauers notion of allosemitism. The philosopher Slavoj Žižek’s theoretical edifice of the Real, is used as an overarching metatheory in the essay. The essay’s findings are that the different opinions on the issue cannot be placed according to ideological- or party lines. Biased opinions were put forth in the debate that pointed out the jews as strange and inferior vis-à-vis the Swedes, which I understand as allosemitic. Shechita inhabited a central role in the debate and was put under more scrutiny than the other questioned slaughter methods. Based upon Lars M. Andersson I suggest that the distinguishing of shechita from “Swedish” slaughter methods was an integral part in the creation of the modern national identity. The obliged stunning before slaughter became part of the Swedish animal friendliness, which in turn was seen as evidence of Sweden’s high-ranking cultural level. A relationship that still today is represented, in the nationalistic discourse.

Uppsatsen sjösattes som en konsekvens av den kritik som politiker och journalister riktat mot public service de senaste åren. Kritiken som främst handlat om en upplevd vänstervridning inom public service är oroväckande då en partiskhet innebär minskade förutsättningar för välorienterade samhällsmedborgare som kan ta ställning i olika samhällsfrågor. Baserat på kritiken har syftet med uppsatsen varit att granska partiskheten i Sveriges Radios podcastverksamhet, ett public service-drivet medium som trots sin allt mer omfattande räckvidd förblivit ett outforskat område inom objektivitetsforskningen. Med avstamp från Westerståhls objektivitetsstudier har en partiskhetsprövning genomförts där begreppet objektivitet likställts med opartiskhet och operationaliserats som en sammanvägning av balans och neutralitet. Neutraliteten har sedermera beräknats via antalet positiva respektive negativa omdömen som riktats mot riksdagspartierna, medan balansen beräknats via det utrymme som partiernas ideologiska budskap och partipolitiska aktiviteter fått i podcasten. Avslutningsvis har en diskussion förts utifrån Asps (2006) syn på rättvisa och mynnat ut i ett resultat som indikerar att en politisk högerriktning gynnats i Sveriges Radios podcastverksamhet.

Hållbarhet har blivit en allt viktigare aspekt att beakta inom näringslivet, där fastighetsbranschen påverkar omvärlden genom sina betydande avtryck inom ekologisk, ekonomisk och social hållbarhet. Den svenska allmännyttan ska genomsyras av de tre hållbarhetsdimensionerna och förutsätts integrera det i daglig som långsiktig verksamhet, där förvaltning ska ske utefter bästa möjliga förutsättningar. Uppsatsens syfte rör huruvida kommunala fastighetsbolag involverar hållbarhet i förvaltningen och på vilket sätt, med utgångspunkt i Sveriges allmännyttas idéprogram för ekologiskt hållbar utveckling. En kvalitativ ansats har valts, där empirin baseras på dokumentstudier av dels material från bransch- och intresseorganisationen Sveriges allmännytta, dels tre kommunala bostadsföretags hållbarhetsredovisningar. Samtliga företag anser sig arbeta med ekologisk hållbarhet, men det saknas direkta kopplingar till idéprogrammet i fråga. Dessutom skiljer sig resultatet åt mellan företagen, vilket kan bero på att olika hållbarhetsredovisningsformer har valts. Helsingborgshem uttrycker att den ekologiska hållbarheten är i fokus, men saknar ofta konkret information om hur det involveras i verksamheten. Lunds kommuns fastighets har i sin tur ett väl integrerat ekologiskt hållbarhetsarbete som indirekt ställs i förhållande till idéprogrammet. MKB fastighets har inte följt idéprogrammets riktlinjer fullt ut samt listar förhållandevis få konkreta åtgärder på vad som åstadkommits. Det går därmed att konstatera att de tre företagen verkar för, men skiljer sig åt markant gällande den ekologiska hållbarheten – trots att samtliga verkar inom allmännyttan och har samma riktlinjer och lagkrav att förhålla sig till. / Sustainability has become an increasingly important aspect to consider in business, where the real estate industry has a big impact through its significant imprints in ecological, economic, and social sustainability. Sweden’s municipal housing associations is to be permeated by the three sustainability dimensions and is expected to integrate it into daily and long-term operations, where management should be done according to the best possible conditions. The purpose of the thesis concerns whether municipal real estate companies involve sustainability in the administration and in what way, based on Sveriges allmännyttas idea program for environmentally sustainable development. A qualitative approach has been chosen, where the empiricism is based on document studies of material from the organization Sveriges allmännytta and three municipal housing companies' sustainability reports. All companies consider themselves to work with ecological sustainability, but there are no direct links to the idea program in question. In addition, the results differ between the companies, which may be due to the choice of different sustainability accounting forms. Helsingborgshem expresses its focus on ecological sustainability, but often lacks concrete information on how it is involved in the business. Lund kommuns fastighets has a well-integrated ecological sustainability work that they indirectly place in relation to the idea program. MKB fastighets has not followed the idea program's guidelines fully and lists relatively few concrete measures on what has been achieved. It is thus possible to note that the three companies differ markedly in terms of ecological sustainability - even though all operate within the municipal housing association and have the same guidelines and legal requirements to adhere to.

Introduction: The Covid19 pandemic meant that many organizations suffered profitability problems – in both the public and private sectors. Different industries were affected in different ways, where, for example, the construction industry experienced a boom while the service sector stagnated. Sweden had less extensive restrictions, but despite this, business was significantly affected. Aim: Since archipelagos are attractive seasonal meeting places with many bars and restaurants, the aim of this work is to investigate how the hospitality industry in these remote places handled the ongoing Covid-19 crisis and what strategies they adopted to survive the crisis.  Theory: The theoretical frame of reference is based on phenomenography, which is used as a theoretical as well as methodological approach in this work. The theoretical frame of reference helps to provide a picture of how social capital and institutional factors strongly contribute to setting the framework for the possibility of entrepreneurship, especially in peripheral regions. Method: To fulfill the purpose of the study, individual interviews as well as group interviews with entrepreneurs around the archipelago have been reviewed, which have then been contrasted with existing business economics research where the results have been interpreted using a phenomenographic analysis model.  Results: The results show that the islands are characterized by limitations regarding both social and practical infrastructure, as well as other types of obstacles related to their geographically exposed location. The result also shows that entrepreneurial innovations arise in relation to these limitations where the entrepreneurs who work with few resources still manage to run their businesses with profit.  Conclusion: The study shows that there are great similarities between businesses within Sweden's archipelago in times of crisis. A decisive factor in how well this cope with a crisis lies in how cooperation works with society's formal institutions. However, more peripheral regions fare better than those close to large cities. An explanation for this, may lie in the fact that they are more used to fending for themselves. Due to a lack of resources, social capital becomes an important factor in mitigating the risks of a crisis.

Bakgrund. Handboll är en intermittent idrott som är fylld med kontaktmoment i hög hastighet. Det dynamiska spelet ställer stora krav på fysisk kapacitet. Tidigareanalyser av matchbilden har identifierat positionsspecifika fysiska krav. Man kan dock inte bortse från handbollens komplexitet, där sportens framgångsfaktorer i matcherna kan skilja sig mellan matcher och lag. Däremot finns argument för att en välutvecklad fysisk kapacitet kan vara bidragande till taktisk och teknisk effektivitet och det genererar bra förutsättningar för lyckade prestationer. Syfte. Studiens syfte var att undersöka kapacitetprofilen på svenska handbollsspelare med hänsyn till skillnader mellan kön och spelarpositioner. Metod. Lag från Handbollsligan dam/herr samt Allsvenskan dam/herr tillfrågades och slutligen inkluderades 49 kvinnor och 49 män i studien. Analys av genomförda testbatterier gjordes. Variabler som inkluderades var tester som återfanns i SOK:s kravprofil för handbollsspelare. Resultat. Tydliga mönster och tendenser till skillnader fanns mellan kvinnliga och manliga handbollsspelare i Sverige. Men tenderar att vara båda längre, tyngre, starkare, mer explosiva och snabbare än kvinnor. Det fanns inte lika tydliga mönster mellan positionerna för respektive kön. Kantspelare tenderar att uppvisa lägst kroppsmått, oberoende kön. Linjespelare tenderade att uppvisa högst medelvärde i vikt, oberoende kön. Det fanns inte lika tydliga mönster för prestationsvariablerna.Kantspelare tenderade att prestera bäst i vertikala hopp och sprint, oberoende kön, med små skillnader till niometerspelare men större skillnad gentemot linjespelare. Minst mönster sågs i variabeln chins och Beeptest. Slutsatser. Jämförelser till SOK:s kravprofil samt tidigare forskning avslöjade resultaten att svenskahandbollsspelare var svaga i VO2max men uppvisade däremot lite bättre värden i styrka- och powerbaserade test som knäböj, frivändning, SJ, CMJ, CMJ(a). Praktisk information. Mer forskning behövs för att kunna generalisera resultaten över svensk handboll. Fördelen med SOK:s kravprofil är att den existerar å andra sidan är nackdelen att den inte tar hänsyn till positionsspecifika eller individuella skillnader och därför endast kan användas som ett verktyg för vägledning. / Background: Handball is an intermittent sport filled with high-speed contact moments. The dynamic nature of the game requires a well-developed physical capacity. Previous analyses of match play have identified position-specific physical requirements. However, one cannot ignore the complexity of handball, where the sport's success factors in matches can differ between games and teams. Nevertheless, there are arguments that well-developed physical capacity can contribute to tactical and technical efficiency, providing good conditions for successful performances. Purpose: The purpose of the study was to investigate the capacity profile of Swedish handball players regarding to differences between genders and player positions. Method: Teams from the Handbollsligan and the Allsvenskan, both men and women, were approached. 49 women and 49 men were included in the study. An analysis of the conducted test batteries was performed. The variables included were tests found in the Swedish Olympic Committee's physical requirement profile for handball players. Results: Clear patterns and tendencies to differences were found between female and male handball players in Sweden. Men tend to be taller, heavier, stronger, more explosive, and faster than women. There were no equally clear patterns between the positions for each gender. Wing players tended to exhibit the lowest body measurements, regardless of gender. Line players tended to have the highest average weight, regardless of gender. There were no equally clear patterns for the performance variables. Wing players tended to perform best in vertical jumps and sprints, regardless of gender, with small differences compared to backcourt players but larger differences compared to line players. The least patterns were seen in the variables for pull-ups and the Beep test. Conclusions: Comparisons with the SOK's physical requirement profile and previous research revealed that Swedish handball players were weak in VO2max but exhibited slightly better values in strength and power-based tests such as squats, cleans, squat jump (SJ), countermovement jump (CMJ), and countermovement jump with arm swing (CMJa). Practical Information: More research is needed to generalize the results across Swedish handball. The advantage of the SOK's physical requirement profile is its existence; however, the downside is that it does not consider position-specific or individual differences and therefore can only be used as a guideline tool.

During the twentieth century, jazz in Sweden went from being undesirable to Sweden being one of the world's leading jazz nations. This study investigates what impact Sveriges Radio (Swedish Radio) has had in elevating the status of Swedish jazz, something that is usually credited to other factors during the 1940s and 50s. Furthermore, the study provides an answer to the questions how and why Sveriges Radio made this effort to elevate the status of Swedish jazz. The study accomplishes this by examining the history of Swedish jazz as well as the internal politics of Sveriges Radio and putting the two in relation to each other.  The results show that Sveriges Radio has been an advocate for Swedish jazz, more or less since jazz’s inception. By integrating jazz into more prestigious contexts and financing jazzgroups such as Radiobandet and Radiojazzgruppen, Swedish jazz became renowned internationally as well as popularized back home. The study also identifies two key factors as to why Sveriges Radio involved itself with Swedish jazz and its hierarchical standing. These are the pro-jazz music politics within Sveriges Radio as well as the number of jazz loving staff in key positions at Sveriges Radio that worked towards this goal.

The purpose of this essay is to examine how the editorial office to the TV-programs Gokväll,Mitt i naturen and Plus use social media. To achieve the purpose qualitative interviews wereconducted with three Web Editors, one for each program. This essay is based on theories onhow companies can and should work with social media from Andreas M. Kaplan andMichael Haenlin among other writers and scholars from Sweden. The convergence concepttheory with particular focus on media convergence and branding has also been applied in thestudy. The result of this study shows that the editorial office for the programs use socialmedia in varying extents and quality. Facebook is the most used social media channel andTwitter is used in a small extent. Two of the programs use Instagram as well and one of themhas developed their own application. The programs appear on the channel SVT which is partof public service in Sweden. With that come guidelines, which the programs need to follow.One of them is that they have to use at least three social media channels to avoid favoring ofone special brand or company. Two of the TV-programs are using Twitter even though theeditorial staff admits that they do not think their main audience is active on such socialmedias. This result shows that there is obviously a problem with the fact that they have to usethree social medias even though they do not really benefit by using all of them.