Bakgrund: Vikten av att öppna upp sin innovationsprocess, både internt inom organisationen och externt utanför organisationen, är av stor betydelse för företag i dagens samhälle. Studier på specifikt inifrån-ut processen av öppen innovation är ett underrepresenterat område inom forskningen på öppen innovation. Genom en litteraturgenomgång belyses tre områden inom inifrån-ut processen som är i behov av vidare forskning: för- och nackdelar, framgångsfaktorer samt ett beaktande av dessa aspekter från perspektivet av SMEs. Enligt Europeiska kommissionen (2018) utgör ca 99.8% av företagen inom EU av SMEs, således föreligger det av intresse att belysa inifrån-ut processen av ÖI, i form av för- och nackdelar samt framgångsfaktorer, utifrån ett SME-perspektiv. Syfte: Syftet med studien är att bidra till ökad förståelse om hur svenska SMEs utövar inifrån-ut processen av ÖI. Detta genom att belysa huvudsakliga för- och nackdelar med processen samt identifiera framgångsfaktorer och hur dessa förhåller sig till de funna huvudsakliga för- och nackdelarna. Metod: Detta är en kvalitativ flerfallsstudie, varav fem olika fallföretag har studerats. Studien antar ett realistiskt perspektiv med en abduktiv ansats, för att möjliggöra teori- prövning såväl som -generering. Studiens empiriska data utgörs av fem semistrukturerade intervjuer med respondenter från fem olika svenska SMEs inom life science-branschen. Slutsats: Studien belyser två respektive fyra stycken huvudsakliga fördelar med den säljande respektive avslöjande formen av inifrån-ut processen av ÖI. Gällande de huvudsakliga nackdelarna, presenteras två stycken för respektive form av inifrån-ut processen. Vidare identifierar studien sju framgångsfaktorer, varav fem stycken är kritiska och två stycken är möjliggörande, som anses viktiga för svenska SMEs som utövar inifrån-ut processen av ÖI. Dessa framgångsfaktorer bidrar, i stor mån, till att uppnå de huvudsakliga fördelarna, medan ett minimerande av de huvudsakliga nackdelarna har fastställs i mindre utsträckning. Slutligen dras slutsatsen att den avslöjande formen används i syfte att möjliggöra den säljande formen, vilket skiljer sig från tidigare forskning där de två formerna presenterats utövas separat. Således utgör detta ett av studiens teoretiska såväl som empiriska bidrag gällande inifrån-ut processen av ÖI. / Background: Opening up a firm's innovation process, both within the organization and outside its boundaries, is of high importance in today’s society. Within the open innovation literature (OI), studies on outbound OI marks a relatively unexplored area. By conducting a literature review we identified three areas within the outbound OI literature, that are in need of further research: advantages and disadvantages, success factors and viewing these aspects from an SME-perspective. According to the European Commission (2018) 99.8% of the companies within the EU are SMEs, hence making the perspective of SMEs an interesting base for researching advantages, disadvantages and success factors within outbound OI. Purpose: The purpose of this study is to contribute to an increased understanding of how Swedish SMEs practice outbound OI. This is achieved by looking at the main advantages and disadvantages with the process, as well as identifying success factors and how these relate to the main advantages and disadvantages. Method: This is a qualitative multiple case study, in which five cases have been studied. The study is based on the philosophical standpoint of realism, with an abductive approach, in order to enable testing as well as the creation of theory. The empirical data consists of five semi-structured interviews with representatives from five different Swedish SMEs within the life-science industry. Conclusions: The study identifies two, respectively four, main advantages of the selling and revealing form of outbound open innovation. Regarding the main disadvantages, two disadvantages is presented for each form of outbound OI. Furthermore, the study identifies seven success factors, of which five are critical and two are enablers, which are considered important for Swedish SMEs who practice outbound OI. These success factors contribute in achieving the main advantages, while their effect on minimizing the main disadvantages has been identified to a lesser extent. Lastly, it is concluded that the revealing form is used in order to enable the selling form of outbound OI. This differs from how previous research has presented the two forms, as being performed separately. Hence, this is one of the study’s theoretical, as well as empirical, contributions to the research field of outbound OI.

This study is a review of literature on the theme of what factors positive for a person to leave a criminal lifestyle. The purpose of the study is to investigate these factors and try to determine whether there are consistent patterns in the existing literature on the subject in order to answer the study's questions. Questions for the study were (1) What social factors affect a person's motivation to leave a criminal lifestyle and maintain desistance from crime? Also (2) which structures in society have a positive and negative impact in the process of change between crime and a normative lifestyle? The work of collecting literature has  been done through a search and a selection process of peer-reviewed literature. Finally, 13 articles on the subject were included. The results show that the factors that can affect whether a person withdraws from crime are scattered, but the factors that mainly stood out as positive were relationship ties to family and internal motivation.

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<p dir="ltr">This thesis aims to assess the efficacy of adaptive Gaussian mixture filtering for an inertial navigation-based cislunar application. The thesis focuses on a fully autonomous system, where the navigation system is solely reliant on onboard sensors and receives no navigation information from external tracking systems. The proposed adaptive filter is tested under non-ideal conditions. Specifically, this thesis considers the challenging case where range information is unavailable, and instead, only bearings angles with respect to illuminated celestial bodies are measured. The performance of the adaptive filter is compared to the unscented Kalman filter (UKF), and the filter consistency and errors are compared. The proposed filter addresses challenges in linearization errors that accrue in the UKF measurement update equations. The adaptive filter is shown to be a consistent estimator, significantly outperforming the UKF. Considering design requirements for similar navigation missions, recommendations and practical considerations are suggested for future cislunar autonomous navigation applications</p>

La présente étude a pour objet de montrer que les moyens de la protection des actionnaires minoritaires en droit chinois et en droit français ne sont pas soumis à des critères fondamentalement différents. Dans les sociétés anonymes, les règles juridiques visent à trouver un équilibre des rapports entre les actionnaires majoritaires et minoritaires, ainsi qu’entre les actionnaires et la société ou le groupe de sociétés.C’est l’intérêt social et le principe d’égalité qui guident le législateur et le juge de proposer des solutions convenables.Il importe de noter qu’en droit français, les dispositions sur les responsabilités et les moyens de recours pour les minoritaires sont d’applications faciles qu’en droit chinois. D’ailleurs, la recherche de l’acquisition des sociétés cotées chinoises sous l’angle de la protection des minoritaires, tout à fait différent à l’offre publique en droit français, présente les particularités du marché réglementé chinois et mérite que les investisseurs étrangers découvrent davantage. / The dissertation aimed to point out that the methods of the protection of minority shareholders in Chinese law and in French law are not subject to the different criteria. In company limited by shares, the legal provisions intend to find a balance of relation between majority shareholders and minority shareholders, and between the shareholders and the company or group of company. It is corporate profits and the principal of equality that direct legislators and judges to suggest applicable solutions.It is important to notify that in French law, legal provisions about the responsibility of majority shareholders or company leaders and the ways of resort of minority shareholders provide reference for improvement of Chinese law. Besides, the study of acquisition of chinese listed companies, looked from the angle of the protection of minority shareholders, very different from tender offer in French law, demonstrate the characteristics of Chinese stock market and deserve foreign investors’ enough attention.

Étudier la critique d’art de Joris-Karl Huysmans soulève des enjeux esthétiques, poétiques et idéologiques. Si elle constitue un genre à part entière, que l’auteur a pratiqué en tant que tel, la critique d’art entretient des relations de complémentarité et d’interférence avec le reste de l’œuvre. S’y élabore en effet une esthétique, qui à son tour définit une poétique : parce que le critique est également écrivain, la réflexion qu’il mène au sujet des arts plastiques – peinture, sculpture, architecture – se développe parallèlement à sa pratique d’écriture. Ses options critiques reposent sur une analogie entre les arts, s’inscrivant en cela dans une longue tradition, qui va de l’ut pictura poesis horatien aux correspondances baudelairiennes, en passant par le paragone de la Renaissance. Aussi regarde-t-il l’art en tant qu’écrivain, y cherchant tantôt la confirmation de ses idées sur la littérature, tantôt un modèle d’écriture. Mais parce que la critique engage des valeurs et des convictions, elle se fait aussi la chambre d’écho des options idéologiques de son auteur, aux plans socio-économique, politique et épistémique. Huysmans regarde l’art à travers une idéologie qui se décline en un certain nombre de valeurs et de contre-valeurs : héritier d’un siècle de romantisme, il entretient un rapport douloureux avec son temps, en délicatesse avec la pensée de son époque. Cette idéologie – à la fois anticapitaliste, antibourgeoise et antimoderne – filtre donc le regard qu’il pose sur l’art : elle détermine en partie ses jugements esthétiques, elle les oriente de façon diverse et souvent contradictoire. / In Joris-Karl Huysmans’s art criticism, aesthetics, poetics and ideology are at stake. Though art criticism is a genre in its own right, which the author used as such, it maintains close relations with his other works: they complete one each other as well as they interfere together. In his art criticism, Huysmans develops aesthetics, which define in its turn poetics: because the critic is also a writer, his thinking about visual arts – painting, sculpture, architecture – runs parallel with his writing process/practice. His critical assessments rest upon a comparison between the arts and therefore form part of a tradition which roots in Horace’s maxim ut pictura poesis, crosses the Renaissance period with the paragone and leads to Baudelaire’s correspondances. When watching a painting, Huysmans remains a writer: he’s looking for a confirmation of his ideas about literature or a model for his writing. But because art criticism puts values and beliefs at stake, it echoes the ideological choices of its author, on socio-economic, political and epistemic levels. Huysmans sees the arts through an ideology which comes in various values (et contre-valeurs): heir of a century deeply marked by romanticism, he maintains painful relationships with his time, in trouble with modern ideas. His ideology – against capitalism, bourgeoisie and modernity – filters the way he considers the arts; it partly determines and influences, in various but often opposing ways, his aesthetic judgement.

Thesis (MPhil (Journalism))--University of Stellenbosch, 2009. / There are certain images of war that are horrific, frightening and at the same time, due to an outstanding compositional structure, they are fascinating and do not allow its observers to keep their distance. This thesis examines three images of war that have often been described as icons of war photography. The images “children fleeing a napalm strike” by Nick Ut, “the falling soldier” by Robert Capa and Sam Nzima’s photograph of Hector Pieterson are historical reference images that came to represent the wars and conflicts in which they were taken. It has been examined that a number of different factors have an impact on a war photograph’s awareness level and its potential to commit itself to what is referred to as collective consciousness. Such factors are the aesthetical composition and outstanding formal elements in connection with the exact moment the photograph was taken, ethical implications or the forcefulness of the event itself. As it has been examined in this thesis, the three photographs have achieved iconic status due to different circumstances and criteria and they can be described as historical reference images representing the specific wars or conflicts. In this thesis an empirical study was conducted, questioning 660 students from Spain, South Africa and Vietnam about their awareness level regarding the three selected photographs. While the awareness level of the Spanish and the South African image was rather high in the countries of origin, they did not achieve such a high international awareness level as the Vietnamese photograph by Nick Ut, which turned out to be exceptionally well-known by all students questioned. Overall, findings suggest that the three selected icons of war photography have been anchored in collective memory. Ut, Robert Capa, Sam Nzima, semiotics, Spanish Civil War, the falling soldier, Vietnam War

This dissertation deals with the interpretation of four myths from early medieval Scandinavia, in which the main role is played by the god Óðinn. All four myths narrate how he achieved a state of permanent increase of his numinous knowledge. Based on the fact that the outcome of all of the narratives is the acquisition of the Mead of Poetry (or its equivalent), they can be percieved as "four reports on the same event". The analysis of myths itself has been executed in two steps: firstly the separate inquiry of the two more central myths and introduction of the other two followed by thorough analysis of the four together. All four myths demonstrate to a certain degree a presence of motifs and structures associated with the religious phenomena of sacrifice and initiation. By the means of said analysis the study reviews the systematic relations of the sacrificial and initiatory structures and postulates a common core which is subsequently named "monomyth".

Sammanfattning/AbstractEriksson, Cristina (2022). Speciallärare med specialisering språk-, skriv- och läsutveckling -en kollega med lite fler verktyg i sin verktygslåda. Specialpedagogprogrammet, Institutionenför skolutveckling och ledarskap, Lärande och samhälle, Malmö Universitet, 90 hp.Förväntat kunskapsbidragDenna studie belyser vikten av pedagogiska samtal och kollegialt lärande. Genom att synliggörainformanternas bild av uppdraget för speciallärare med inriktning språk-, skriv- ochläsutveckling och deras uppfattningar utifrån inkludering, anpassningar och elevers skiftandebehov förväntas studien bidra med förutsättningar för ett gynnsamt och språkutvecklandesamarbete mellan lärare och speciallärare utifrån ett relationellt perspektiv.Syfte och frågeställningarStudien belyser några lärares uppfattningar vad gäller uppdraget för en speciallärare medinriktning språk-, skriv- och läsutveckling och hur de tänker att en sådan kan utveckla ochfördjupa arbetet i verksamheten. Följande preciserade frågeställningar har formulerats för attbehandla studiens syfte:• Hur uppfattas en speciallärare kunna bidra till och komplettera det språkinriktadearbetet i verksamheten?• Vilka uppfattningar gällande inkludering, särskilda anpassningar och elever ibehov av särskilt stöd framträder hos respondenterna?TeoriStudiens teoretiska ramverk grundar sig i systemteoretiskt perspektiv, närmare bestämtBronfenbrenners ekologiska systemteori. Bronfenbrenner (1979), framhåller att elevers lärandeär beroende av omgivningen och argumenterar för att det är viktigt att se barnets utveckling irelation till de olika system som barnet är en del av. Den utvecklingsekologiska modellen bestårav fyra strukturer som Bronfenbrenner benämner mikro-, meso-, exo- och makrosystemet. I