Bakgrund och problemdiskussion: Till följd av ökade handelsvolymer har användandet av pallar kommit att öka. Hantering av pallar har därför blivit en viktig del i verksamheter, där digitala pallhanteringssystem lyfts som ett hjälpmedel för effektivitet. Digitaliserade pallhanteringssystem kan även ses som ett hjälpmedel för att främja ekonomisk och ekologisk hållbarhet vad gäller företags pallhantering. Trots många fördelar finns även ett antal utmaningar förknippade med implementering av digitala pallhanteringssystem.   Syftet: Studiens syfte är att identifiera hur interna digitaliserade pallhanteringssystem kan bidra till ekonomisk eller ekologisk hållbarhet. Studien syftar även till att se vilka utmaningar som kan ligga till grund hos företag vid implementering med ett internt digitaliserat pallhanteringssystem.  Metod: Studien är kvalitativ och utgår från ett deduktivt synsätt. Den teoretiska referensramen har hämtats genom en litteraturgenomgång. En komparativ design ligger till grund för studiens design, där empiridelen består av fem semistrukturerade intervjuer med fem olika företag. Analysen utgår från en tematisk analys där teorin och empirin ställs emot varandra för att hitta centrala teman. Resultat: Utifrån studien dras slutsatsen att ett internt digitaliserat pallhanteringssystem inte bidrar till ekologisk hållbarhet i större utsträckning än vad manuell pallhantering gör. Gällande ekonomisk hållbarhet kan ett internt digitaliserat pallhanteringssystem leda till kostnadsbesparingar genom ökad informationstillgänglighet samt att företag kan utnyttja de fördelar som finns med att äga sina egna pallar Studien kan även identifiera utmaningar med implementering av ett internt digitaliserat pallhanteringssystem i form av krav på kundanpassning, misstro om ökade kostnader, samt lågt intresse i pallbranschen och bland beslutsfattare. / Background and problem discussion: As a result of increased trading volumes, the use of pallets has increased. Pallet management has therefore become an important part of operations, where digital pallet management systems are highlighted as a tool for efficiency. Digital pallet management systems can also be seen as a tool to promote economic and ecological sustainability in terms of companies' pallet management. Despite many advantages, there are also a number of challenges associated with the implementation of a digital pallet management system.  Purpose: The purpose of this study is to identify how internal digital pallet management systems can contribute to ecological or economic sustainability. The study also aims to see what challenges that can be identified when implementing an internal digital pallet management system.  Method: The study is qualitative and it is based on a deductive approach. The theoretical frame of source has been collected through a literature review. A comparative design has been used for the study's design, where the empirical section consists of five semi-structured interviews with five different companies. The analysis is based on a thematic analysis where the theoretical and empirical sections are analyzed to find central themes.      Results: The results of the study are that it is concluded that an internal digital pallet management system does not contribute to ecological sustainability to a greater extent than what a manual pallet management does. In terms of economic sustainability, the results are that a digital pallet management system can lead to cost savings due to increased information availability and that companies can use the benefits of owning their pallets. Also, challenges are identified with the implementation of a digital pallet management system in terms of requirements for customized systems, mistrust of increased costs, and also low interest in the pallet industry and among decision makers.

The purpose of this case study is to describe and analyze the City Mission's project to construct and manage socially sustainable housing in Farsta Strand. This is done by analyzing the project and its intended model from a social and economic sustainability perspective. The methods used to collect data in this qualitative study include a compilation of literature review, document analysis, and interview study. The study subject in Farsta Strand was investigated in a case study where project developers from the Stockholm City Mission and two researchers were interviewed to gain an understanding of the project's purpose, design, context, and background. In addition to the two selected sustainability dimensions, social and economic sustainability, the theoretical background of the study is based on a developed theoretical framework. This framework consists of analysis questions partly based on previous research reports related to the project's previous design. The formulated analysis questions were based on the revised project model and were then included in the interview guide for the interview with representatives from the Stockholm City Mission. The obtained answers served as the starting point for the analysis and discussion from a social and economic perspective. Even though the study subject has not been constructed and the model has not been previously tested, the study addresses its purpose of creating long-term housing solutions of good quality for households that face challenges in accessing the regular housing market. Furthermore, the study results suggest that the project can potentially achieve its purpose based on the two sustainability dimensions. From a social sustainability perspective, the project can create conditions for households to improve their living situation over time by offering a collective housing solution that includes, among other things, first-hand contracts with adjusted rents. Simultaneously, the study demonstrates from an economic sustainability perspective that the project can offer long-term conditions for property owners to adopt the model, which is a prerequisite for the purpose of the model to be achieved. / Syftet med denna fallstudie är att beskriva och analysera Stadsmissionens projekt att bygga och förvalta socialt hållbara bostäder i Farsta Strand. Detta görs genom att analysera projektet med dess tänkta modell utifrån ett socialt och ekonomiskt hållbarhetsperspektiv. Metoderna som använts för att samla in data i denna kvalitativa studie är en sammanställning av litteraturgenomgång, dokumentstudie och intervjustudie. Studieobjektet i Farsta Strand undersöktes i en fallstudie där projektutvecklare från Stockholms Stadsmission och två forskare intervjuades i syfte att skapa förståelse för projektets syfte, utformning, kontext och bakgrund. Utöver de två valda hållbarhetsdimensionerna, social och ekonomisk hållbarhet, utgörs studiens teoretiska bakgrund på ett framtaget teoretiskt ramverk. Detta ramverk utgörs av analysfrågor som delvis baseras på tidigare forskningsrapport kopplat till projektets tidigare utformning. De framtagna analysfrågorna baserades på den omarbetade projektmodellen och ingick sedan i den intervjuguide för intervjun med representanter från Stockholms Stadsmission. Svaren som erhölls utgjorde utgångspunkten för analysen och diskussionen utifrån ett socialt och ekonomiskt perspektiv. Trots att studieobjektet inte är uppfört och att modellen inte tidigare är beprövad svarar studien på sitt syfte med att skapa långsiktiga boendelösningar av god kvalitet för hushåll som har det svårt att komma in på den ordinarie bostadsmarknaden. Vidare resulterar studien att projektet kan tänkas uppnå sitt syfte utifrån de två hållbarhetsdimensionerna. Ur ett socialt hållbarhetsperspektiv kan projektet genom att erbjuda en kollektiv boendelösning som bland annat innefattar förstahandskontrakt med anpassade hyror skapa förutsättningar för hushållen att förbättra sin livssituation över tid. Samtidigt visar studien ur ett ekonomiskt hållbarhetsperspektiv att projektet kan erbjuda långsiktiga förutsättningar för fastighetsägare att ta efter modellen, vilket är en förutsättning för att syftet med modellen ska uppnås.

This study aims to investigate how to work with sustainability in e-commerce, with a focus on making information available to the consumer as well as how this could be conceptualized. This requires a multidisciplinary approach, with domain knowledge based on environmental science and additional knowledge in information and computer science. In the time we live in now, we see an increased need to think sustainably and act for it in society. Consumption of products or services has a great impact on this and to a large extent via e-commerce today where consumers often find themselves confused in how to make a sustainable choice. We must work towards a more sustainable society and living. If we continue to utilize our planet's resources and assets without letting nature recover, we will probably end up in an unsustainable situation. Previous research shows the complexity in terms of sustainability, the definition as such but also how to assess it, a lack of regulated standards complicates the unified picture of what is actually sustainable. Creating an index or some form of standard for sustainability is not possible for us in relation to the time frame and scope of this study. An attempt to clarify what one can do with a focus on the consumer and how he or she can access information that is available or could be, is for us interesting to investigate. What made this possible was an extensive literature study to acquire the domain knowledge required to be able to understand what we needed to focus on, the literature study itself provided good insights and a good foundation as a starting point. By following a work process based on Design Science Research Methodology and with the opportunity to collaborate with an established company that works to guide consumers in e-commerce, we have been able to work in a concrete and relevant context and thus had the opportunity to test our concepts based on a literature study and data collection methods, consisting of questionnaires and interviews. Key findings from the study were that consumers wanted to know more about sustainability as well as the importance of involving the consumer in the process. Based on a literature study and the data collections, a basic data model for sustainability was developed. Companies in e-commerce should take the initiative to support sustainable online consumption. The task is difficult, but doing so could provide a competetive advantage among the companies and at the same time it contributes to a good cause.

Renewing the current thirdspace model is a critical step towards creating a sustainable future for cities. A thirdspace must possess specific qualities that go beyond simply creating conversation and building community. It must foster meaningful dialogue that inspires civic mobilization and drives action toward sustainability. Mobilization is seen as the antithesis to the number one problem in thirdspaces today: capitalist consumerism. In order for a thirdspace to be transformational, it must allow for the creation of strong and resilient networks within communities - both socially and ecologically. This project explores the challenge of renewing the thirdspace model in order to create urban transformation. By first, analyzing the transformation of thirdspaces in the site of Hägerstensåsen, Midsommarkransen, and Telefonplan; identifying the key opportunities and challenges posed by the context towards thirdspaces; and accumulating situated knowledges, we identified 3 key principles of transformation leading us into strategies to be applied in the site. In doing so, we challenge the dominant consumption patterns and lifestyles by proposing a thirdspace future where kinship with nature co-exists with kinship with community through a network of thirdspaces that are spatially designed and programmatically specific to expand from creating conversation and community into creating meaningful dialogue that activates civic mobilization.

Lund University (2020) describes that the material chosen for the construction of constructions significantly affects the environment. Due to the impact of the choice of construction materials on the environment, we have carried out an in-depth study where we examine the complex decision-making process when choosing frame materials concerning both external and internal factors where external influences become regulatory requirements related to global sustainability goals with the aim that the industrial construction industry can find sustainable solutions such as hybrid solutions in the choice of frame materials, while internal factors involve financial considerations linked to the protection of materials against environmental conditions and challenges that industrial buildings can face. To gain a greater perspective on these external and internal factors, we interviewed engineers within Sweco AB and their suppliers such as Sca AB, who showed them more clearly that sustainable materials, such as wood, offer environmental benefits. However, there are challenges that industrial construction industries encounter, such as costs, customer preferences, and knowledge that is related to the industrial construction industry's experience in building with wood as a frame trial. We underline the industrial construction industry's commitment to sustainable innovations guided by Rogers' innovation diffusion theory (Rogers, 2003) and Geels' multi-level perspective (Geels, 2002). These sustainable innovations are driven by external influences, while internal factors such as cost considerations and the pursuit of hybrid solutions reveal challenges. The research highlights the industry's active participation in shaping a responsible and forward-looking future. Within this study, we emphasize through our research, the need to consider customer preferences, increase awareness, and implement rules such as climate declaration and EU taxonomy for a sustainable construction shift in Sweden. These emphases are ongoing as we study the impact of innovation diffusion as well as barriers to innovation and government regulations on the adoption of innovations and technologies in industrial construction (European Commission, 2023; Sadri et al., 2021; Lundberg et al., 2019). Our study highlights the complexities of individual choices, industry dynamics, and societal impact, offering valuable insights for decision-makers in the construction industry. Although a complete shift to wood may not be feasible, in line with Christensen's innovation model (Christensen, 2000), innovations such as green steel can benefit both industrial construction companies, related suppliers, and customers. Focusing on timber frames as an alternative to steel, our study recommends future research on life cycle analyses, cost-benefit assessments, stakeholder engagement, regional studies, decision analysis, post-occupancy evaluations, circular economy integration, and predictive modeling. These proposals aim to improve the sustainability of construction by providing a comprehensive view of material selection, aligning economic feasibility with ecological responsibility, and supporting informed decision-making.

Offentlig upphandling utgör nästan en femtedel av Sveriges BMP vilket ger upphandlingar en stor påverkansfaktor. Svenska myndigheter förespråkar att upphandlingar genomförda av offentliga myndigheter, regioner och kommuner ska innehålla kravställningar som behandlar miljömässig, social och ekonomisk hållbarhet, eftersom offentliga upphandlingar anses vara ett viktigt verktyg som främjar hållbar utveckling. Forskningsrapporter och olika nationella myndighetsrapporter pekar alla mot att offentlig upphandling har potential att bli betydligt mer hållbar än den är idag och några av de störst identifierade hindren är kunskapsbrist inom hållbarhetsaspekterna och ett inte tillräckligt strukturerat arbete inom organisationer. För att identifiera vilken potential offentlig upphandling har i arbetet mot ett hållbart samhälle och för att bidra till de globala hållbarhetsmålen i Agenda 2030, har denna studie granskat upphandlingsdokument inom Bodens kommun, genomfört workshops med temat hållbar upphandling och gjort kvalificerade bedömningar av nuläge och potential för hållbar upphandling inom kommunen med hjälp av verktyget HållbarhetssolenTM.Syftet med granskningen och bedömningarna var att se hur kommunen redan arbetar med miljömässig och social hållbarhet samt för att avgöra vilken potential kommunen har till förbättring inom dessa områden.Resultatet visar att upphandlingsprocessen kan ses som en väsentlig del i hållbarhetsarbete på både lokal och nationell nivå. Samtidigt som det kan vara är en av de mest effektiva metoderna att komma åt och förändra produktion och leverans av varor och tjänster. Genom att i offentliga upphandlingar driva hållbarhetskrav och innovation framåt, medverkar organisationer och myndigheter till miljömässig, social och ekonomisk hållbar utveckling och måluppfyllelse av Agenda 2030 / Public procurement makes up just under a fifth of Sweden's BMP, which gives procurement a large influencing factor. Swedish authorities advocate that procurement carried out by public authorities, regions and municipalities should contain requirements that deal with environmental, social, and economic sustainability. Public procurement is thereforconsidered an important tool that promotes sustainable development.Research reports and various national authority reports all point to the fact that public procurement has the potential to become more sustainable than it is today and some of the biggest identified obstacles are a lack of knowledge in the aspects of sustainability and a lack of structured work within organizations.To identify the potential public procurement has in the work towards a sustainable society and to contribute to the global sustainability goals in Agenda 2030, this study has reviewed procurement documents within the municipality of Boden, conducted workshops on the theme of sustainable procurement and made qualified assessments of the current situation, and potential for sustainable procurement in the municipality using the tool HållbarhetssolenTM. The purpose of the review and assessments was to see how the municipality works with environmental and social sustainability and to determine what potential the municipality has for improvement in these areas.The result shows that the procurement process can be seen as an essential part of sustainability work at both local and national level. By promotingsustainability requirements and innovation forward in public procurement, organizations and authorities contribute to environmental, social, and economic sustainable development and goal fulfilment of Agenda 2030 / <p>2023-06-02</p>

Det blir idag allt viktigare att tänka hållbart, inte minst inom byggbranschen. Klimatmål, ekonomi och resursförbrukning är en del av de faktorer som bidrar till att branschen måste styras mot ett cirkulärt förhållandesätt. Det finns en potential i de stora mängder flerbostadshus från miljonprogrammet som planeras att byggas om eller rivas. Det saknas dock praktiska lösningar på hur detta görs, det saknas även kunskap samt kompetens inom återbruk. Denna undersökning kommer att utreda hur en ny byggnad kan konstrueras med återbrukad betong kombinerat med KL-trä, genom att analysera strategier för demontering, förband samt ta fram konstruktionslösningar. Studien innehåller en metoddel där beräkningar och programvara beskrivs, en teoridel där strategier för demontering, montering och förband samlats in. Resultatet presenterar de konstruktionslösningar som tagits fram samt resultatet av beräkningar som gjorts, slutsatsen blev att konstruktionen håller med hänsyn till bärighet. I diskussionen skriver författarna om möjliga strategier för återbruk och de metoder och resultat som erhållits. Författarna diskuterar även kring social hållbarhet och cirkulär ekonomi. / Sustainable thinking is becoming increasingly important, not least in the construction industry. Climate targets, economy and resource consumption are factors that contribute to the need to steer the industry towards a circular approach. There is potential in the large number of apartment buildings from the Million Programme that are planned to be rebuilt or demolished. However, there is a lack of practical solutions on how to do this, as well as a lack of knowledge and expertise in reuse. This study will investigate how a new building can be constructed with recycled concrete combined with CLT, by analyzing strategies for dismantling, joints and developing design solutions. The study contains a method where calculations and software are described, a theory where strategies for disassembly, assembly and connections are collected. The result presents the design solutions that have been developed and the results of the calculations made, the conclusion was that the design works with regard to load bearing capacity. In the discussion, the authors write about possible strategies for reuse and the methods and results obtained. The authors also discuss social sustainability and circular economy.

Med utgångspunkt i hållbar stadsutveckling och social hållbarhet undersöker denna uppsats offentliga mötesplatsers socio-ekonomiska kvaliteter. Miljonprogramsområdet Kroksbäck, beläget i sydvästra Malmö, utgör med sina befintliga och föreslagna offentliga mötesplatser undersökningsområdet. Genom teorier och litteratur om bland annat social hållbarhet, mötesplatser, offentliga platser/rum, territorialitet och grannskapet skapas normativa principer som blir till verktyg för uppsatsens socio-ekonomiska analys. I nulägesbeskrivningen av Kroksbäck synliggörs med hjälp av tidigare forskning och statistik, observationer samt intervjuer ett område med en påtaglig socio-ekonomisk problematik, brist på mötesplatser, service och handel. Då det angränsande och högprofilerade Hyllie centrumområde nu till största del står färdigt har Kroksbäck fått ett centralt läge och blivit attraktivt att bebygga och utveckla, vilket har resulterat i två gestaltningsförslag där Kroksbäck framstår som urbant, kommersiellt och tryggt, en vision långt ifrån verkligheten. För att anpassa stadsutvecklingsinsatserna till områdets boende och behov föreslås i uppsatsens förstudie ett projekt som avses främja Kroksbäck ur ett socio-ekonomiskt perspektiv, så att sociala värden som kan stärka området gynnas och därmed den övergripande samhällsekonomin. Genom att ta till vara på kroksbäcksbornas lokala expertis och kunskaper samt involvera en bredd av samhällsaktörer kan det föreslagna projektet Möt ditt Kroksbäck! understödja skapandet av socio-ekonomiskt hållbara mötesplatser i Kroksbäck. Projektets process ser till att stärka de boendes engagemang för sitt bostadsområde och deras självkänsla och mötena mellan boende från olika grannskap kan gagna den sociala sammanhållningen. När den fysiska mötesplatsen i ett senare skede står färdig kan den ge upphov till interaktion, vilket kan främja den kollektiva styrkan och de sociala nätverken, skapa arbetstillfällen och göra området mer trivsamt. / Based on theories and the discourse of sustainable urban development and social sustainability, this thesis explores the socio-economic qualities of public meeting spaces. The socially and economically deprived suburban housing area Kroksbäck, situated in the Southwestern parts of Malmö, Sweden, is with its existing and suggested meeting spaces the focus area of the analysis. Through theory and literature about social sustainability, meeting spaces, public space/place, territoriality, the neighbourhood, and the community, normative principles are created to function as a tool for this socio-economic analysis. In the chapter that makes up the status report, a housing area that is struggling with socio-economic insufficiencies, a lack of meeting spaces, service, and commercial activities is depicted. Since the adjacent and high-profile area Hyllie centrumområde is now nearly completed after many years of planning and construction work, Kroksbäck has gotten a new central location and has become attractive for entrepreneurs to start to develop. This has resulted in two urban development proposals, where Kroksbäck is presented as urban, commercial and safe, which is a vision far from today’s reality. In order to adapt the plans to the area and the people living here, a pilot study of a project intended to strengthen Kroksbäck’s socio-economic qualities is presented in this thesis. By supporting and facilitating social sustainability, the economy at large will benefit from the outcomes of better social relations and cohesion. The local expertise of the people living in Kroksbäck is made use of while at the same time involving different local stakeholders in the project Meet your Kroksbäck!, which is based on participatory methods and intended to be utilized in the development of the area and its new meeting spaces. The project is also intended to heighten the self-esteem and social cohesion of the locals living in Kroksbäck. When the new meeting space is created, in a later stage, it will help to promote interaction between people, strengthen social networks and the local economy, and make the area more lively and enjoyable to live in and to visit.

The textile and fashion industry is known for its globalized value chain and the numerous negative environmental impacts it entails. Textile production in Sweden was common until the 1970 ´s, when the production moved to other countries to achieve cost benefits. Today, over 80% of the clothing and home textiles that are consumed in Sweden, is produced in countries not belonging to the European Union. Aside from long transport distances, these countries often have a lack of environmental legislation. This study examines experts in the textile and fashion industry, fashion companies and a manufacturing company with the help of qualitative semi-structured interviews to identify fashion companies' attitude to establishing part of their production in Sweden. In addition to this, the study aims to investigate the conditions required for production in Sweden to be economically and environmentally sustainable, in order to shed light on, and contribute to, knowledge about the conditions required to enable Swedish production in the fashion industry. The results of the study identify economic- and production capacity as two of the biggest challenges in relation to Swedish-produced fashion. Concurrently, several economic- and environmental aspects, technical development and automation are highlighted as opportunities by both experts, fashion companies and the manufacturing company. The study's respondents consistently show a positive attitude towards Swedish production, yet attention is drawn to a wait-and-see attitude among the fashion companies towards establishing part of their production in Sweden.

Årstadal som är belagd i Stockholm stad, har på senare år genomgått en rad olika förändringar. Området har övergått från att vara ett industriområde till att i dagsläget vara ett attraktivt bostadsområde. Förändringarna har skett utefter Stockholm stad översiktsplans övergripande mål och visioner, men även specifika mål för Årstadal. Dessa har senare gett avtryck i form av nybyggnationer i from av bostäder och en park vid namn Årstabergsparken. Målen, visionerna och strategierna uppsatta av Stockholm stad har inslag av ekologiskt och socialt hållbarhetsperspektiv. I detta projekt analyseras det om målen, strategierna och visionerna på den övergripande nivå, uppfyllts med hjälp av nybyggnation och parketableringen. Därutöver diskuteras det om exploateringen av Årstadal uppfyller ekologisk och social hållbarhet utifrån diverse definitioner. Avslutningsvis går det att konstatera att byggnationerna samt Årstabergsparken uppfyller social och ekologisk hållbarhet ur vissa aspekter, men ur andra inte. / Årstadal, which is located in Stockholm city, has in recent years undergone a number of different changes. The area has changed from being an industrial area to now being an attractive residential area. This project is analyzing how set visions and goals at the overall level are expressed in area planning with examples from building projects and park establishment in the Årstadal district of Stockholm. In addition to this, the project aims to find out how these outcomes can affect the social and ecological sustainability of Årstadal and what the effects are due to planning in the area in order to gain an understanding of how it affects ecological sustainability, in the form of recreational opportunities and ecological considerations. Some of the development in Årstadal contributes to social sustainability, but in some aspects it is deficient. This could have been counteracted if social sustainability was taken into account in the new buildings. Årstabergsparken is ecologically sustainable from some perspectives, but from others not. However, it is seldom that anthropocentric thinking is not prioritized in the urban environment, as the city as a whole is built by humans for humans. Methods such as green infrastructure has been taken into account in Årstabergsparken, which can contribute to ecological sustainability in relation to the definition of ecological sustainability and the Brundtland Report's sustainability definition. It is difficult to assess the sanction of the development of Årstadal at present, as the development of the area is still happening today. However, in summary, it can be stated that it will have consequences in the future.