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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
21

有線電視國會頻道與選民政治知識之關聯性研究-以民國八十二年台北縣長選舉為例 / Cable Television Use , and Political Knowledge

宋學維, Jethro Song Unknown Date (has links)
本研究欲探討媒介使用對政治知識的影響,研究重點為台灣新興媒體有線電視的國會頻道,及大眾傳播媒介報紙和電視,以八十二年底的台北縣長選舉為例,希望能找出台灣的新興媒體和既有媒體,在報導選舉議題時,所造成的效果為何,不同媒體間是否有所差異。   知溝假設提出的人口因素,也屬本研究範圍,本研究採知溝假設提出的『教育程度』、『年齡』、「性別』、和『政治興趣』等變項,希望找出人口變項與政治知識間的相關性。   由於研究經費、人力和時間的限制,本研究以居住在台北縣六個月以上,年滿二十歲,擁有此次台北縣長選舉投票權的選民為研究對象,採電話抽樣法,本研究的電話抽樣是由聯合報系民調中心的四十七萬筆電話資料庫中,以隨機取樣法抽出2349組電話號碼進行撥號,於82年12月6、7兩日於中國國民黨文工會民意調查辦公室進行施測。有效成功樣本數為558人,其中男性285人,女性272人。   本研究發現,報紙暴露量高低在政治知識方面,呈顯著差異,即報紙暴露量愈高政治知識愈高。而電視暴露量、電視新聞暴露量高低在政治知識上,並無顯著差異。   此外在人口變項方面,發現性別與教育程度各組在政治知識方面有顯著差異,教育程度愈高,政治知識愈豐富齡各組在政治知識方面差異則不顯著。在政治興趣方面,由以往研究顯示,政治興趣是預測政治知識的重要變項,在此研究中,同樣發現政治興趣各組在政治知識方面,呈高度顯著差異,政治興趣愈高,政治知識愈豐富。   本研究主要目的是探討新興媒體有線電視國會頻道(公共事務頻道)對選民政治知識的影響力,研究發現,有線電視國會頻道暴露量高低對政治知識影響並不顯著。在控制『政治興趣」與『人口變項』的影響力之後,亦無顯著差異。推測其原因,可能是有線電視國會或政治頻道收視習慣並未養成,而且此類頻道多單純播放國會議事或公聽會,形式僵硬,內容呆板,流於各說各話,無法提昇觀眾的注意程度。
22

中、美國會同意權之研究 / The Comparative Study on Confirmation Power between R.O.C &

羅敏強, Lo, Minn Chiang Unknown Date (has links)
本研究之目的乃在探索同意權制度之意義、起源、性質與功能等及其在我 國憲政史中之流衍變遷,以至國民大會同意權制度法制架構、行使程序的 全般建立,其制度類型與性質及行使經驗等諸多問題。本文之研究結果: 一、任命同意權係源於分權理論,為貫徹「政府的統治權力,必須基於人 民的同意」此一民主主義基本精神所為之制度設計;實踐上衍生兩類任命 同意權,一為議會政府制之同意與信任制度,功能在達成政治責任之連鎖 ;一為美國參院制同意權其功能則在於防止不當之任命與維護被同意任命 者之獨立行使職權。二、我國自清季立憲運動起,即偶有任官同意權制度 ,其類型游移於議會政府制與美國參院制之間或兼及兩者,蓋源於中央政 制類型之差異。至民國三十六年間折衷妥協所公布施行之中華民國憲法仍 持續此一特色。三、經過各類同意權之說明,可知國民大會同意權之性質 乃近於美國參院對大法官或獨立委員會之同意權,,而非如內閣制國家之 國會行使閣揆同意權帶有政治性。而美國參院行使同意權,祇為限制太不 妥當的人,並不為黨派關係或個人的好惡,限制總統的用人權。從而對其 人選之審查係採法律之實質審查,以確保其適任該被任命之職務。本文之 研究建議有:一、制度方面──行使同意權之適當與否當隨進一步確立我 國中央政制類型而得到解答;同時也將確立司法、考試兩院院長、副院長 是否為總統僚屬,抑應超出黨派、獨立行使職權?皆應在法制上加以確立 。二、審查程序方面──宜建立適當之審查性聽證制度,以精密化審查程 序;並改進審查報告之撰擬,確實反映各種審查標準與意見。
23

中國實施新會計準則對新股上市價格影響之研究 / The Effect of China Accounting Standards on the Price of Initial Public Offerings

楊子霆, Yang, Tzu Ting Unknown Date (has links)
本論文探討2007年中國大陸實施以IFRS為基礎的中國會計準則後,是否因為會計準則要求更多資訊的公開,影響新上市公司股票發行折價的幅度。由於中國大陸資本市場有獨特的機制環境,本研究更進一步探討,中國大陸新上市公司在中國會計準則實施後,新上市公司股票發行折價的幅度,是否會因為各省份機制環境背景有不同的影響。實證結果發現,實施中國會計準則後,新股折價的幅度的確顯著降低,新股上市的蜜月期也會因為準則實施後,資訊不對稱的情形降低,有明顯的縮減。亦發現若中國大陸地方機制環境較進步且發達,該地區市場化的程度愈高,新股折價的幅度會也會因資訊更加公開而降低。 / In 2007, China passed the IFRS-based Chinese Accounting Standards (therefore IFRS-based CAS) to converge with IFRS. This paper examines the effect of implementation of IFRS-based CAS on IPO uncerpricing. In addition, there are different institutional features of transition economy from other countries. This paper also examines the effect of the interaction between implementation of IFRS-based CAS and institutional features of transition economy on IPO uncerpricing. The empirical results show that post-2005 IPOs in China are significantly less underpriced, and IPO honeymoon periods have similar outcomes. Furthermore, the results also show that the magnitude of underpricing will be decreased in those provinces with higher degrees of marketization.
24

政治抗議策略之分析

施逸銘, SHI,YI-MING Unknown Date (has links)
政治是對價值做權威性分配的過程, 既是分配, 必有所得不均的感受, 異議隨之而起 , 因而, 抗議行動與人類生活歷史一樣長久。 根據學者對以往的抗議行動的研究, 發現一團體所采何種行動乃是團體內部資源及外 在環境因素的函數, 基於此種對集體行動的基本理解, 本論文嘗試以成本一利益分析 模式來分析一政治團體如何選擇其行動策略。 在此模型中, 由於目前的政治參與過程是在外部成本與決策成本兩因素影響下的產物 , 所以一抗議行動的邏輯即是提高被抗議者的外部成本以迫使抗議訴求被納入決策過 程中, 以此邏輯, 論文依序討論影響抗議團體動員能力的因素、領導、目標、組織、 團結度、政治機會結構。在對抗議行動的邏輯釐清之后, 以此模式來檢證國內政治抗 議行動–“國會全面改選”。希望能了解此議題興起的背景, 對政治團體及政治環境 的影響。
25

國際會計準則與美國會計準則制定之比較--環境因素分析

陳枝凌, CHEN, ZHI-LING Unknown Date (has links)
由於國際貿易興盛,國際間投資隨之增加,跨國公司已成為企業組織的新型態。跨國 公司之營業分怖在兩個以上國家,不同的國家各自制定其會計準則,故國際間會計準 則之紛歧,遂成為跨國公司財務報表無法比較之主要因素。近年來會計界已開始重視 此問題,故致力於發展一套國際會計準則,以『和諧』國際間會計準則之紛歧。國際 會計準則發展時間尚短,難免有所缺失,故本論文旨在參考發展會計準則歷史悠久而 成效宏著之美國,分析環境因素對其會計準則制定之影響,進而謀求改進國際會計準 則之制定。本論文共一冊,約九萬字左右,共分六章,第一章緒論,第二章美國會計 準則之制定,第三章國際會計準則之制定,第四章國際會計準則與美國會計準則制定 之比較,第五章國際會計準則制定程序之修正,第六章彙種與結論。
26

國會聯絡推動策略之研究:新公共服務研究途徑 / A Study for Impetus of Strategy by Congressional Liaison:New Public Service Approach

方志雄 Unknown Date (has links)
立法院由立法委員所組成,依據憲法之規範,負責審議行政機關函送之議案,而行政機關為增進雙方互動,順暢相關法案、預算案之審議,設有國會聯絡人負責前揭事項之推動與協調,以期完成政策合法化之作業。因各部會業務迥異,國會動態變化莫測,導致國會聯絡工作困難度增加,故如何尋求良方,提升政策合法化之成效,並促進國會聯絡工作經驗之累積與傳承,實為本研究關注之焦點。   2000年Denhardt氏提出新公共服務之概念,適逢我國首次完成政黨輪替,在意識形態掛帥、政黨情勢緊繃、行政立法互動不佳之情況下,可否藉由新公共服務所倡導之信任合作、公共利益、服務、共享等核心價值,來改善行政立法之互動關係,及促進國會聯絡工作與推動策略之進行,實值得進行探討,故本研究乃以新公共服務之面向切入,期能建構出具體之國會聯絡工作推動策略。   本研究以深度訪談及參與觀察等質化研究方法,蒐集多位立法委員、資深國會助理、資深議事人員、資深國會聯絡主管及人員之寶貴意見,並經由內容分析法進行資料分析,發現新公共服務所倡導的信任合作、公共利益、服務、共享等理念,確能增進行政機關首長、國會聯絡人與立法委員、國會助理間之互信、互動,也能凝聚為民服務之共識,在維護公共利益之前提下,共同完成政策合法化的目標。   最後,本研究呼籲應建立新公共服務之國會聯絡工作、掌握化解法案及預算案之負面因素,並對機關首長、業務單位、國會聯絡人及議事運作等方面,提出順暢國會聯絡之具體建議;期能拋磚引玉,與行政機關國會聯絡先進相互討論,並提供新進人員之參考運用。 / The Legislative Yuan is composed of legislators, and according to the stipulations of constitution the legislature will deliberate the bills submitted to it by the executive branch. In order to facilitate mutual interaction, speed up review of relevant drafts, deliberation of appropriation bill, congressional liaison personnel is established at the executive branch and they will be responsible for the facilitation and coordination of the above-mentioned issues so as to complete the operation of policy legitimation. Since the business of every department varies and trends of development at the congress fluctuate, it has led to further difficulty for congressional liaison. Therefore, it is the crux of this study as what resolution can be achieved to enhance the efficiency of policy legitimation as well as facilitate the accumulation and pass-over of liaison work in the congress.   In year 2000, Robert Denhardt and Janet Denhardt put forth the concept of the new public service, and then it happened to be the time of the first rotation of political party in our country. Nonetheless, under the context of ideology that commands all, tensed relationship between parties, unfavorable interaction between the legislative and the executive branch it is wondered that if such core values as trust, cooperation, public interest, service, and sharing proposed by the new public service can be exploited to improve the interactive relationship between the legislative and executive as well as to facilitate congressional liaison work and impetus of strategy. It is, indeed, a task that deserves much investigation, and it is why this study has attempted to cut into the investigation from the aspect of the new public service, and hope to construe substantial impetus strategy for congressional liaison work.   This study would employ qualitative research methods as in-depth interview and participant-as-observation to collect precious opinions from several legislators, senior congress’ assistant, senior session staff, and senior congressional liaison head and personnel. Then, content analysis method is used to conduct information analysis, and it is found that ideas as trust, cooperation, public interest, service, and sharing proposed by the new public service can enhancing the interaction and mutual trust among heads of executive branch, congressional liaison personnel, legislator, congress’ assistant as well as coalesce the consensus to render service to the mass. Therefore, the objective to jointly furnish policy legitimation can be done under the pretext to maintain and preserve public interest.   At length, this study calls upon the establishment of congressional liaison work for the new public service so as to master and resolve those negative factors for legislation draft and budget bill, and put forth substantial suggestions that can help smoothen congressional liaison with regard to department head, business branch, congressional liaison personnel, and session operation. It would hope that it can turn itself as pioneer in this regard to solicit further opinions and advices so as conduct mutual discussions with those seniors, and the results of which can be cited as reference for novice of the congressional liaison.
27

剖析柯林頓總統對中共的人權政策(1993~1996)

王嘉徽, Wang Jia Hui Unknown Date (has links)
美國於1776年發表獨立宣言,由於其獨特的建國背景及對人權的深刻體驗,使其在「人權」的概念及實踐上自有一番詮釋與風貌。美國受到理想主義的影響,基於立國精神及歷史的發展,美國對人權的重視勝過於其他國家,並相信民主與自由是美國國勢強盛的原因,也是奠定世界和平的基本條件。因此自立國之日起,美國便深信要以自己為典範,將自由與正義散布給全世界的人民;不僅在自己的國度內享受美好的民主生活,更希望在引導世界各國的國際行為上,採用一種道德上最好的民主模式以落實人權的維護。 由於冷戰時期受到意識型態對抗的羈絆,國家安全至上的強調,使得人權議題處於政治上的低階位處,不受重視而無法真正的落實。但隨著冷戰結束,東西陣營間意識型態的對抗消失,國際體系呈現新風貌。國際間原本藉由敵我意識型態所羈絆的各種議題,例如:種族衝突、環保、移民、毒品、人權**等,隨著冷戰的結束紛紛浮現台面紛至沓來。「人權」議題當然也隨著冷戰的結束而受到關注,但它確是最原始、重要,也最備受爭議的議題。 冷戰結束後,柯林頓(Bill Clinton, 1993~)成為美國第一任冷戰後時期由美國民選的總統。他是繼卡特總統後,同樣具濃厚道德色彩的另一位民主黨總統。面對新國際局勢的丕變,意識型態的對抗受到解放,人權議題躍升國際台面,柯林頓所領導的美國政府對人權的促進似有發展的機會。而冷戰後美國外交政策中人權的焦點也由前蘇聯轉移到中共身上,尤其是中共本身長期以來不良的人權記錄及六四天安門事件的發生,自然吸引國際間及美國對人權關切的目光。 但是同樣的在此一冷戰後時期,由於國際上國家與國家間的利益衝突愈形厲害,在兼顧人權的推展與國家利益的維護下,使得人權的推展亦產生了理想與現實間的落差。面對冷戰後時期的矛盾國際環境,柯林頓總統是否能堅持其競選時的承諾與理想而落實人權的推展?而面對與中共間龐大的經濟與戰略利益,柯林頓總統該如何取捨?這將是一項挑戰。 本文的研究將以1993~1996年柯林頓總統的第一任期為研究時間,以羅斯諾(James N. Rosenau)的外交決策分析研究途徑為依據(他認為研究一國的外交政策可以依照輸入、決策和輸出三個過程來持續不斷的進行,並將影響外交政策的因素分為四個層次,即體系的因素、社會的因素、政府的因素和個別的因素)。希望藉由著重在對各項影響外交政策的因素(包括國際大環境、美國國內的立國精神、民主黨政府的外交決策特質、國會態度、利益團體以及柯林頓總統本人的認知對人權政策的影響)的分析探討,能夠對其第一任總統任期期間對中共人權政策的決策及變化做一完整的瞭解。而研究的結果顯示: 一、 柯林頓對中共的人權政策係美國整體外交政策的一部份,而美國柯林頓時期的整體外交政策,其政策的產生導源於國際人權保障的此一潮流、國內對民主價值及人權維護的立國精神以及柯林頓本人的認知。 二、 柯林頓總統在1993年宣佈以有條件給予最惠國待遇來迫使中共在人權上做出實質進展的此一政策,被證明效果有限,更甚者引起兩國間關係的緊張。而美國基於與中共龐大貿易利益以及戰略因素的考量,被迫不得不於1994年宣佈最惠國待遇的問題與中共的人權做政策上的脫鉤。可見人權議題並非是單純的理想性陳義即可處理,其中並參雜諸多複雜的因素。 三、 鑑於上述政策的失敗,柯林頓總統宣佈改以全面性的交往來與中共發展良性的互動關係,雖然在此一政策的初期尚未能見得中共人權的確有大幅度的改善,但歷經多年的發展,這樣的政策被證明的確是較有功效的,中共已於1998年年加入「公民及政治權利盟約」與「經濟、社會、文化權利盟約」兩項人權公約,顯示出其願意接受國際規範的意圖。因此,美國對中共的人權政策若欲收宏觀,正面的良性接觸與溝通被證明將會比情緒性的反擊較有功效。 目錄 第一章 緒論 第一節 研究動機與目的**************.** 1 第二節 研究方法***************.**** 3 第三節 研究組織與架構************.**** 5 第四節 研究範圍與限制************.**** 6 第二章 國際環境與人權議題 第一節 冷戰後時期的國際環境***********.** 7 第二節 人權議題在冷戰結束前後時期所扮演的角色**..** 15 第三節 不同世界對人權概念的不同看法******.*.** 31 第四節 小結******************.**.* 48 第三章 美國國內環境與人權精神 第一節 人權與美國立國精神***********.*.** 51 第二節 民主黨政府外交政策的決策特質*******.*.* 59 第三節 國會在人權議題中所扮演的角色********..* 67 第四節 利益團體與人權議題************..** 77 第五節 小結*****************.**.** 94 第四章 柯林頓總統對人權的認知以及對中共的人權政策 第一節 柯林頓總統以及外交決策人士對人權的看法**.*.* 98 第二節 中共的人權理念及人權記錄********.***105 第三節 柯林頓總統在大選前後對中共的人權政策****.*119 第四節 小結*******************.**131 第五章 柯林頓總統對中共人權政策的實踐及轉變之分析 第一節 經濟制裁與人權外交政策*********.***133 第二節 中共享有最惠國待遇的演變********.***138 第三節 柯林頓總統對中共最惠國待遇立場的轉變及分析*.*149 第四節 小結******************.***172 第六章 結論**********************.***175 參考文獻***********************.****183
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國會助理選民服務工作內容及工作成就感之研究 / The study of voter services content and the sense of achievement for congressional assistant in the Legislative Yuan

林麗真, Lin, Li Jen Unknown Date (has links)
自2007年第七屆立法委員選舉開始,我國國會選舉制度正式換軌為單一選區兩票制,立法院是中華民國目前唯一的國會,國會助理成為選民和立委之間的橋樑,並代理立法委員提供選民服務,隨著選區選民服務個案數量的增加,選民服務的內容有哪些,國會助理如何處理選民服務案件以及國會助理如何透過選民服務的過程,以獲得工作上的成就感等主題,值得深究。 本研究以立意抽樣方式,採質化半結構深入訪談法,面訪立法院(第七屆末及第八屆初)區域立委立法院辦公室主要或部分負責選民服務案件的助理及主任等12人,旨在探討瞭解國會助理選民服務的工作內容及選民服務所帶來的成就感。 本研究經由訪談之後的資料分析,所獲得的重要發現如下: 一、助理工作、內容複雜多樣:在國會辦公室中,大都設有負責行政庶務,負責  質詢議題、問政資料蒐集與整理,掌管選民服務及辦公室主任等各樣助理。 二、成為助理、多種雇用機緣:成為助理的管道多元,諸如透過立法院公佈欄,網路上的徵人啟事,寄履歷表應徵,擔任立法委員參選時輔選團隊等機緣。 三、工作評價、感受正負不一:正面是可以充分發揮對政治的理想與抱負,累積待人處事的經驗,增進人際關係能力等;但負面在於沒有升遷或加薪的機會。 四、服務案件、來自多元管道:選民服務案件來自選區服務處或所接到的陳情案件,中央黨部或者黨團轉介,或在委員的臉書或網頁上留言,電子郵件陳情等。 五、選民服務、事關連任至巨:在單一選區制的情況下,區域立委的產生來自選票,一位委員能否獲得連任成功,和國會助理的選民服務成果關係密切。 六、服務選民、尤需熱忱耐性:選民大都遇到困難才會提出服務要求,因此助理在處理服務案件時要有耐心,並要讓選民感受到助理的熱心及熱情。 七、有些案件、令人心生焦慮:有些案件具有較大壓力,其來源多元多樣,諸如時間急迫,陳情人緊迫盯人,選民的焦急情緒及舉動,選區人情壓力等。 八、助理工作、連帶收穫豐碩:擔任助理可以學習處世經驗,提升自我,並累積各種人際關係,交到許多的好朋友,還可在所接觸的案件中,充實自我。   本研究並根據訪談資料分析所得到的研究發現,提出以下研究建議: 一、對國會助理之建議:擔任助理有必要大力提升法學素養;從事選民服務工作時,須展現高度熱情;體認助理工作之不易,時時充實自己;而助理工作並無升遷機會,要另謀高就有待增加專業能力;努力學習溝通技巧,此事關係工作成效;對於有意從政者,趁從事助理機會紮根選區,預作從政準備;善用助理職務可利用資源,廣結善緣。 二、對相關單位建議:國會助理任期隨立法委員進退,因此雇用期間基本上僅4年,因此,助理任用亟須強化保障;同時,福利待遇亦有待大力加強。 三、對立法委員之建議:助理對選民服務之成效,事關連任與否甚巨,因此,在聘任助理人員時,必須慎選人才。 關鍵字:國會助理,工作內容,工作成就感 / Abstract Since 2007 the Seventh Legislative Yuan elections, Taiwan’s Congressional electoral system officially has changed to a "single-constituency, two-ballot" electoral system. The Legislative Yuan is the only Congress in Republic of China and Legislative assistants have become the main communication bridge/door between voters and legislators, and also have become the go between for legislators and their voters. However, with the increase in the number of cases, this is a relative topic worthy for us to explore, eg, What is the extent of services for voters? How do the legislative assistants successfully manage and deal with the voters’ cases, and also get a sense of accomplishment from the work? Selective sampling was chosen for this study, using qualitative, semi-structured, in-depth interviews, 12 legislators assistants and directors were interviewed. They were mainly or partly in charge of services for voters, and worked for the regional office of legislators (the late seventh and early eighth) of Regional Office in Legislative Yuan. The main purpose of this study was to explore and understand the content voter services work and the sense of accomplishment brought by the work of legislative/congress assistants. The results of data analysis with in-depth interviews of legislative assistants and legislators offices directors are followed. First, the content of assistant work is complex and diverse: Usually in most congress offices, there are several assistants, who are specifically in charge for different parts of work, such as administrative assistant; assistant - who is responsible for questions topics; assistant - who would work on data collection and sorting of politics; and office director - who administrates the legislator office and voter services. Second, there are many different ways to be a legislative assistant: such as sending resume through Bulletin board in Legislative Yuan or Job’s online website; or joining the campaign group for the legislator and for delivering votes for the legislator and so on. Third, Job evaluation; there are advantages and shortcomings from legislative assistant work: the advantage of this work is, people can give full play to their political ideas and aspirations; they can earn accumulated experience of dealing with people, and enhance interpersonal skills; but the shortcoming is lack of opportunities for promotion and pay raise. Forth, voter service cases from the multiple places: voters service cases usually are received from several different places, such as the constituencies services department or have been referred from headquarters or from the caucus; also, voters can leave a message or send a petition on legislator’s Facebook, web page, or e-mail. Fifth, Voter service is related to the next election/campaign of legislator: In the case of single-constituency, two-ballot " electoral system, the outcome of the relationship between voters service and ballot is closely connected; each ballot influences a present legislator on his/her success for the next campaign and chances of being the next legislator. Sixth, Voter service needs work with enthusiasm and patience: Mostly voters will request for the voters service when they are facing real difficulty. Therefore, it needs more patience when a legislative assistant is working on these cases, and also need to show their enthusiasm and passion for the people. Seventh, some of cases are urgent: some (voter service) cases must be dealt with urgently, the pressure comes from different factors, such as, limited time; hot-pursuit of the petitioner; the anxious mood of the voters; and personal pressure. Eighth, assistant job comes with benefit: Being a legislative assistant can learn the manner of dealing with people and situations, Self-improvement and accumulate a variety of interpersonal skills such as collect a network of good friends. Also, a legislative experience can lead to self-enrichment. According to the analysis and research of data and interviews in this study, this study provides the following suggestions for congress assistants, relative departments and legislators: 1. For legislative/congress assistants: As a legislative/congress assistant, they need to improve their literacy of law; he/she needs to show the high enthusiasm during the voter service; understanding of complex legislative assistant work, and self-improvement; due to the lack of opportunities for promotion, congress/legislative assistants need to enhance their own professional competence if they want to change the job in the future; increase the skills of communication, it’s relative to the results of work; for those, who wants to be a politician, they should take note of the process during their experience as an assistant; properly using all the resources as an assistant, and create a big network of contacts. 2. For other departments: a congressional aides /legislative assistant’s work term is based on legislator’s tenure. It’s basically only 4 years period of employment. Therefore, they need to strengthen their job’s security, and also vigorously improve their salary and benefits. 3. For legislators: The outcome of the relationship between voters service and assistant is closely connected, it influences the present legislator’s next campaign. Therefore, they should be careful who they choose to hire an assistant. Key words: congress/legislative assistants, the content of assistant work, sense of accomplishment from the work
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我國文建會國會聯絡機制之研究 / A Study for Congressional Liaison Mechanism of the Council for Cultural Affairs

劉惠美, Liu,Huei-Mei Unknown Date (has links)
2000年政黨輪替,台灣政局進入一個政治新紀元,台灣政府體制呈現「分裂政府」的狀態,行政、立法兩院的衝突與對立,導致政策推動受到嚴重的影響;在2004年第六屆立法委員選舉後,民進黨在立法院因席次未過半而無法控制國會,因此行政機關所面對的是更為複雜的互動環境,其結果必須動用更多的人力、資源來處理與國會之間的關係,也就是說當立法權膨漲或行政、立法互動不夠順暢時,國會聯絡機制受到高度的重視與強化。 縱觀民主國家政治發展可發現,國會聯絡就是引導行政與立法機關合作的重要途徑,此種聯繫管道如能通暢,無疑是維繫行政、立法有效溝通與合作的重要憑藉,並且能有效降低行政與立法機關在互動過程中所造成的衝突,而國會聯絡人就是此機制中的關鍵性角色,而本研究主要探討我國文建會國會聯絡組織運作之策略與互動過程中的角色及所發揮的功能。 基於以上的認知,本論文的發現如下: 一、當行政權與立法權分屬不同政黨所掌控,呈現分立政府狀態時,國會聯絡機制之策略運用,在互動過程中發揮重大的功能。 二、首長對國會運作之影響,可能是正面,也可能是負面,其差異乃在於首長是否願意將所握有的資源,運作於國會關係上,及加強國會行動的能力。 三、文建會國會聯絡工作以「服務案件」份量最多,且困難度最高。 四、國會聯絡人為國會與行政單位第一線接觸的尖兵,負責訊息傳達、意見溝通及議題協調。 五、好的國會聯絡人有助於國會運作,聯絡人必須具備的特質包括專業與熱誠、溝通與協調能力、熟悉政治運作與技巧、良好的國會人脈、長官授權與肯定。 / The aftermath of the 2000 Presidential election left the ROC fragmented among several political parties. The increasing political conflict between the Executive Yuan and the Legislative Yuan has aggravated the administration process of government policies. The legislative elections in year 2004 created an even difficult situation when the Pan-Blue Coalition has gained the absolute majority over the Pan-Green Coalition, resulting in much of govenment-sponsored bills being deadlocked. Executive divisions are faced with increasingly complicated political environment, which requires greater manpower and resources to reconcile with the legislative branch. This situation, occurring when legislative branch overpowers or when inter-branch relations hampered, then calls for a strengthening of congressional liaison functions. In contemporary democratic systems, the congressional liaison is an important strategic intermediary between executive and legislative branches. A successful practice of the liaison function is expected to improve the communications and collaborations and to mitigate potential conflicts between executive and legislative branches. Congressional liaisons become the keys to the success of the function. The purpose of this study is thus to investigate the role of congressional liaison at the Council for Cultural Affairs (CCA) in inter-branch politics. Major conclusions of this thesis are summarized as follows: 1.In a divided party government, strategic operations of congressional liaison provide great contributions to the interactions between executive and legislative branches. 2.Strengthened public relations with the congress improves the administrative efficiency and helps achieving policy goals of executive divisions. 3.Service-type tasks have become the major load of congressional liaison offices at the CCA and have shown to suffer the greatest complications. 4.The congressional liaison office, being on the front line of executive-legislative branch relations, is responsible for information delivery, opinion exchanges and reconciliation of issues with the legislative institution. 5.A competent congressional liaison will successfully assist the congressional operations and is expected to have the following characteristics: being professional and enthusiastic, having great communication and coordination skills, being familiar with political operations, having extensive connections in congress, and being authorized and endorsed by superiors.
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利益團體遊說策略模式--台灣經驗研究 / Lobbying Strategy Models for Taiwan Interest Groups

蔣念祖, Chiang,Nien-Tsu Unknown Date (has links)
一國之國會運作可謂民主進步的原動力,其運作之良善更有賴社會大眾有力之監督,利益團體在遊說時出現盲點,甚至抓不到遊說程序的重點,就會陷入「事倍功半」的窘境,很難期待行政官員或立法委員能夠支持,甚至願意挺身而出為政策執行或立法盡一份心力。 本研究自文獻參考中整理出一「台灣利益團體遊說」研究模型,然後自1993年-2005年十三年間,從中挑選了二十個案例,以具體交叉分析該等利益團體在遊說過程時所須注意或引用之各項因素,透過質化分析,探討利益團體其策略運作情形及優缺點;並且套用策略管理學上所常用的SWOT分析模式,試圖找出利益團體遊說之台灣經驗模式。 研究發現,遊說不管是公益性組織或私利性組織,清楚知道本身的遊說目的、遊說的方法固然重要,亦必須考慮遊說的外在環境以及遊說主體本身的性質問題,若太過偏重於遊說行動策略的單向思考,而忽視外在環境的現實問題以及操作主體實力的優劣勢分析,易於產生僵化式的遊說策略模式。 所以有心進行遊說之組織均應洞悉和操作方式,但操作之前亦必須先充分掌握遊說之外在環境和操作主體的優劣勢後,再視輕重緩急、量力而為,並適時做調整,以達到截長補短、前景預測的最佳狀態,以利遊說目的圓滿成功。 關鍵詞:利益團體、遊說、倡議、國會運作、策略、SWOT / The Congress operation functions as the driving force for a country to progress towards democracy. The operational performance of the Congress depends upon powerful supervision by the general public. Sometimes the interest groups may fall into the “fruitlessness” dilemma in the event that they run into a blind spot, or even when they fail to hit the nail on the head. In turn, they can hardly win support from government officers or congressmen. They will come forward to defend the executive or legislative performance. Through literature review, this research designs a model and applies it to analyze the performance of 20 interest groups in Taiwan selected between 1993 and 2005. In particular, this model analyzes the pros and cons of different strategies employed by these interest groups. In addition, this model also uses the SWOT analysis developed from strategic management to generalize the behavior patterns of selected interest groups. This research finds out that the external environment and the nature of issues are also important factors affecting the lobbying results. If an interest group focuses only on the lobbying strategies but ignores the external environment or relative strength between the subject and others, it may generalize rigid lobbying strategies. Therefore, the success of lobbying depends on an interest group’s assessment of external environment and relative strength before operation, as well as the lobbying strategies and adjustments during operation. Key words: Interest groups, Lobby, Advocacy, Congressional operation, strategies, SWOT

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