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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
41

我國核能電廠緊急應變機制之研究

劉學仁 Unknown Date (has links)
核能災害是一個嚴重的區域性災害,其災害的結果可能持續擴大並延伸至廠區以外,危及廠外民眾的生命與健康。鑑於我國九二一大地震及美國九一一事件慘痛的經驗,無法避免的天然災難及人為危害破壞事件,已引起世人的警惕與高度的重視。綜觀國內外重大的核災事件,我們不啻要問我國目前的危機緊急應變的機制如何?是否已做好周全的準備?萬一不幸發生核能事故時,我們是否真的有能力因應解決?如何保護廣大民眾的生命安全與健康?這一連串的問題,殊值得國人深思探討的課題。 目前我國核子事故緊急應變業務是由行政院原子能委員會轄下的全國核子事故處理委員會來統籌運作。近年來由於國內政治型態的轉變,為落實地方自治的政策,民選地方首長基於保護民眾生命和財產的施政目標,對於有關核能事故的資訊掌握和緊急應變計畫的執行,漸已展現主動性;針對核災事故救災應變的時效性及急迫性而論,我國未來如何釐清中央與地方政府在核子事故緊急應變中所扮演的地位與角色,劃分權責與任務,實應儘早妥為規劃準備。 本論文透過文獻探討、深度訪談與核安演習檢討會議資料蒐集研究的結果,分析我國核能緊急應變機制的運作及現況缺失,並以制度面、決策面、程序面等三層面提出結論與建議,作為建構我國核能電廠緊急應變機制研究之參考。 本論文的結論重點為: 一、核電廠嚴格的安全管制與監督機制,能有效保障核能的安全。 二、應變法源不足與經費短缺的現象,亟待政府加以重視。 三、應變組織體制規劃欠佳,難以發揮應變機制應有的功能。 四、指揮聯繫與通報機制仍存在許多缺失,亟待檢討改進。 五、建立與媒體良好的溝通策略,對危機處理有正面的助益。 六、危機應變觀念與教育宣導不足的現象,亟待政府加以重視。 七、核能事故分析與安全度評估技術的能力,尚待加強建立。 八、核電廠運轉作業程序書與安全文化的建立,是確保核電廠安全的重要因素。 九、中央與地方的防災應變與設備和資源,尚未充分的整合運用。 十、核安演習是危機應變具體的表現,執行成效仍有待加強落實。 本論文的建議為: 一、對制度面的建議 (一)完成緊急應變法律的立法。 (二)健全核能災害防救體系。 (三)規劃設置專責的應變組織。 (四)建立專業人才培訓制度。 二、對決策面的建議 (一)建立「核安家園」的共識。 (二)提昇應變決策的品質。 (三)釐清中央與地方應變組織權限。 (四)落實危機應變宣導與教育訓練。 三、對程序面的建議 (一)加強安全度評估與事故分析的能力。 (二)結合中央與地方防災設備與資源。 (三)提昇核安演習訓練的執行成效。 (四)充實核子事故緊急應變基金。 / A nuclear accident is a serious aerial disaster. The result of disaster can continuously expand and extend to outside of a nuclear plant to endanger the public life and health. Due to the tragedy experiences from Taiwan’s 921 Earthquake and the US’s 911 tragedy, we cannot prevent all the natural disasters as well as any human sabotage events. Therefore, the events alert world people for warnings and attentions. In viewing the world important nuclear accidents, we have to ask ourselves if we are ready for a crisis and what are the mechanisms or if we have done a proper preparation. If there is a nuclear accident, will we be capable to handle and resolve the crisis. How will we protect the public lives and health? This series of questions should be carefully study by our people in Taiwan. Currently, the Nuclear Accident Management Committee under the ROC-AEC operates our nuclear accident emergency readiness. Due to the recent political environment changes in Taiwan, the local elected chiefs want to have more says in local policies and also to protect lives and properties. They became more actively involved in the information about nuclear accidents and the execution of emergency plans. In nuclear accidents, the timing, urgencies, responsibilities, and tasks roles for the Taiwan central government and local governments should be now planned and prepared. This paper uses reference studies, in-depth interviews, and meeting information in nuclear safety exercises to analyze Taiwan’s nuclear emergency response mechanism and current shortfalls. This paper makes conclusions and recommendations by means of systems, decision-making, and procedures in order to construct a study reference for nuclear power plant emergency response mechanism. The key points in this paper’s conclusions are: 1. A nuclear power plant should have stringent safety control and surveillance mechanism to effectively secure nuclear safety. 2. The government should pay attentions to lack of legal basis and short of fund problems. 3. The response organization is not properly planned and cannot effectively perform the response functions. 4. The command and communication mechanisms still exist shortfalls and need improvements. 5. A good communication strategy with media is positive in handling a crisis. 6. The government should pay attentions to crisis response ideas and educational communication. 7. Taiwan should have established the capabilities in nuclear accident analysis and safety evaluation. 8. To assure nuclear safety in a nuclear power plant, we should have a culture of safety with plant’s tech specs. 9. The central government and the local governments have yet to integrate equipment and resources for accident prevention. 10. A nuclear safety drill is a performance of crisis response but still needs improvement. This paper has the suggestions as the follows: 1. Suggestions to Systems (1) Complete emergency response law. (2) Complete the prevention and plan systems for nuclear accidents. (3) Set up a response organization with permanent tasks. (4) Set up a training system for experts. 2. Suggestions in Decision-Making (1) Establish “Nuclear Safety Home” consensus. (2) Elevate decision-making quality. (3) Make a clear division on central and local government power in response organization. (4) Advertise crisis management and educational training. 3. Suggestions to Procedures (1) Improve capabilities in safety evaluation and accident analysis. (2) Integrate central and local disaster prevention equipment and resources. (3) Elevate the performance of nuclear safety drill. (4) Increase the fund used in a nuclear accident response.
42

從甲馬創意看我國動畫事業智慧資本之建立與累積

廖翊閔, Yi Min Liao (Helen Liao) Unknown Date (has links)
在我國近來大力推展的各項數位內容核心產業當中,電腦動畫產業具有相當龐大潛在產值及經濟效益,為主要發展重點。但我國動畫產業在過去長期代工的背景之下,面臨極大的瓶頸。本研究希望藉由深入觀察與剖析目前國內已獲得初步成果的動畫公司之智慧資本建立與累積過程,來萃取出適合於我國動畫事業發展的一條途徑,從智慧資本的觀點來探討我國動畫事業經營與建立競爭優勢之關鍵為何,提供產界與學界作為參考。 本研究採取個案研究方式,選擇一家目前國內已經獲得相當成果的動畫公司-甲馬創意股份有限公司,深入剖析其智慧資本建立與累積過程,希望能夠回答以下幾個問題: 1. 動畫事業的智慧資本內涵為何? 2. 在個案公司發展的過程中,智慧資本各構面間的相對比重有何變化?形成變化的原因?各智慧資本構面內容的變化又是如何? 3. 各項智慧資本構面對個案公司而言,有著如何不同的重要性?最為關鍵的是何種智慧資本? 4. 個案公司所從事的各種智慧資本建構活動及其原有智慧資本如何影響智慧資本的建立與累積? 本研究之結論可摘要如下: 一、 動畫事業的智慧資本可為分四個構面具體描述其內涵 1. 人力資本:大致可分為動畫製作與經營管理兩方面。亦包含組織成員的創新能力、思考靈活度、人格特質、工作熱忱、互動情況、學習能力、抗壓性等。 2. 關係資本:大致可分為業務開發、動畫製作、原創者整合、行銷資源與資金來源等五種。 3. 流程資本:主要包含動畫創製作、動畫專案管理、動畫創作成果管理及動畫產品行銷規劃等方面之工作流程、原則、制度、採用的工具及特殊方法等。 4. 創新資本:包含有助創新的公司文化、經營策略與人員訓練方式,提升創作潛力的創作模式或原則、管理方式、以及開發新動畫產品的潛力與效率等。亦包含創新成果本身,及管理、運用與保護創新、創作成果之能力。 二、 智慧資本構面的比重與內容會隨事業的發展而變化 5. 個案公司剛成立時,人力資本與關係資本佔智慧資本總量的最大比例。發展的歷程中,關係與流程資本成為比重最大的兩項智慧資本。 待發展漸趨成熟,四種不同智慧資本的比重趨於平均。 6. 由各智慧資本構面的比重變化可以看出在個案公司的發展過程中,組織能力由人力與關係等基本的資源,擴散到深植於組織的流程與組織價值,形成較為深厚的創新能力。 7. 隨著個案公司的發展,人力、關係與流程等智慧資本的內容,朝向企劃、管理與行銷方向發展。而創新資本的累積也將受到組織對創新與創意之管理能力的影響。亦即對個案公司而言,強大的企劃、管理、行銷與資源整合能力成為事業持續成長的關鍵。 三、 不同智慧資本構面之重要性有所不同 8. 人力資本在個案公司發展初期具有較大的影響力,但關係資本與流程資本才是支持整體事業不斷成長的重要關鍵。 9. 人力資本與關係資本對於個案公司而言,扮演著刺激各項智慧資本建立與累積的重要角色。 四、 不同智慧資本建構活動及組織原有智慧資本,會對智慧資本的建立與累積產生不同的影響 10. 人力資本的建立與累積主要靠著「實驗」與「輸入智慧資本」兩種智慧資本建構活動,又受組織原有人力資本與關係資本影響最大。 11. 關係資本主要靠著企業「解決問題」的過程來建構,而又受組織原有關係資本與創新資本之影響最大。 12. 維持與繼續深耕關係資本的關鍵,在於組織的創新與執行能力。 13. 流程資本的建立與累積主要靠著「解決問題」與「執行與整合」兩種智慧資本建構活動,又受組織原有人力資本與關係資本影響最大。 14. 建立與累積流程資本時,較難直接從組織外部輸入既定流程加以套用,必須在公司開發專案的過程中逐漸摸索出最適合本身組織運作方式與組織文化的創作及管理流程。 15. 創新資本主要靠著企業「解決問題」的過程來建構,而又受組織原有人力資本之影響最大。 16. 在個案公司發展初期,創新資本的建立與累積相較於其他智慧資本來說較為緩慢,但各項智慧資本累積充足後之相互加乘效果,使得創新資本加速成長。 17. 「解決問題」與「實驗」兩種智慧資本建構活動容易產生「創造」的建構效果;「解決問題」與「執行整合」則容易產生「改良」的建構效果;「解決問題」、「實驗」與「輸入智慧資本」三種建構活動,都容易產生「增長」的建構效果。 / Due to its great economic potential, computer animation is a main focus in the digital content industry. But for long, most of the animation companies or studios in Taiwan have been focusing on animation manufacturing which only brings little profit rather than on creating their own original content; this has greatly limited the development of the whole computer animation industry in Taiwan. Luckily, there are still some animation companies in Taiwan which have been trying hard to develop their own content. JAMAR IDEA PRODUTION Ltd. is one of these animation companies and has made some remarkable achievements. From the perspective of intellectual capital, this research digs deeply into JAMAR and wish to find some useful clues to help effectively and efficiently build up an animation company’s intellectual capital and competitive strengths. The objective of this research is to answer the following questions: 1. What are the components of an animation company’s intellectual capital? 2. How did the relative weight and the composition of each intellectual capital dimension change along with the development of JAMAR? 3. How different was each intellectual capital dimension regarding its importance to JAMAR? What were the most critical dimensions? 4. How did JAMAR’s company activities and intellectual capital affect the development of each intellectual capital dimension? The conclusions of this research can be summarized as below: A. The components of an animation company’s intellectual capital can be described according to the following four dimensions. 1. Human Capital: An animation company’s human capital can be divided into two categories, that is, animation production and management. Also, company members’ enthusiasm for work, personality, attitudes, ability to innovate, to think creatively, and to learn new things altogether form the company’s human capital. 2. Relational Capital: An animation company’s relational capital can be divided into five categories including business development, animation production, the cooperation with artists, marketing channels, and the sources of capital or investment. 3. Process Capital: An animation company’s process capital mainly includes the working processes, principles, institutions, tools and methods taken in the company regarding the following four categories: animation creation and production, animation project management, animation works management, and the marketing of animation products. 4. Innovation Capital: An animation company’s innovation capital includes the company culture, the strategies, and the training programs that help build an innovative atmosphere in the company. Also, innovation capital includes the approaches that can enhance company’s potential to innovate. And of course, an animation company’s innovative animation films, products, or honors obtained for its innovative works are part of its innovation capital. B. The relative weight and the composition of each intellectual capital dimension changed along with the development of JAMAR. 5. In the early stage, human capital and relational capital had the biggest relative weights among all four dimensions. In the mid stage, relational capital and process capital became the most important two dimensions. And in the last stage, when the company was more matured, the distribution of these four dimensions’ relative weights tended to be more balanced. 6. From this relative weight change we can see the company’s ability shifted from the more basic human capital and relational capital to the process capital, which better embedded within an organization, and finally stimulated a greater ability to innovate. 7. The compositions of human capital, relational capital, and process capital developed towards a direction more focused on project planning, management, and marketing. And the development of innovation capital was also affected by the company’s ability to manage innovations and creativities. C. The importance of each intellectual capital dimension was different. 8. Human capital had a greater importance in the early stage of the company, but relational capital and process capital were more critical to sustain the continuous growth of the company. 9. Human capital and relational capital acted as an important stimulant to the development of the company’s intellectual capital. D. The company’s activities and intellectual capitals differently affected the development of each intellectual capital dimension. 10. Human capital was mainly built up through “experimenting and prototyping” and “importing intellectual capital” and was mostly affected by the company’s human capital and relational capital. 11. Relational capital was mainly built up through “problem solving” and was mostly affected by the company’s relational capital and innovation capital. 12. The ability to innovate and execute is critical to sustain and reinforce relational capital. 13. Process capital was mainly built up through “problem solving” and “implementing and integrating”and was mostly affected by the company’s human capital and relational capital. 14. It was not easy to import process capital directly from other organizations. Process capital was usually built up gradually over the course of running animation projects. 15. Innovation capital was mainly built up through “problem solving” and was mostly affected by the company’s human capital. 16. Innovation capital grew relatively slow in the early stage of the company, but was then simulated to accelerate its development when all the other three capitals were accumulated to a certain amount. 17. “Problem solving” and “experimenting and prototyping” tended to generate an effect of “creation”. “Problem solving” and “implementing and integrating”tended to generate an effect of “improvement”. “Problem solving”, “experimenting and prototyping”, and “importing intellectual capital” tended to generate an effect of “increase”.
43

中央機關施政計畫管制考核制度之研究

戴純眉 Unknown Date (has links)
施政計畫管制考核制度實施迄今已有30餘年,確有助於提升政府施政目標的達成,近年來,政府正面臨國內外環境變遷,必須營造一個高績效的企業型政府,為使政府施政更具效能,有必要瞭解影響該制度成效之因素,以作為制度修正參考。 本研究運用文獻探討、資料分析、深度訪談等方法,探究各機關推動制度的困難與問題,並綜合整理撰擬本論文。經分析發現影響管考成效因素如下: (一) 管制考核制度設計方面:1、行政院管考機關分立,功能不易發揮2、計畫與預算管理機關分立,難以達成績效預算目標3、施政計畫考核、施政績效評估與施政績效獎金制度分立,重複考評施政計畫績效,增加行政成本。 (二) 管考組織氣候方面:1、組織士氣受機關首長重視與否影響2、管考單位與計畫執行單位各有立場,不易建立合作夥伴關係,管考單位容易陷於孤立無援之境。 (三) 管考人員職能與認知方面:1、管考人員對計畫不夠瞭解,不易協助計畫執行2、管考人員異動頻繁,經驗與知識不易傳承3、管考人員認定管考是例行資料彙報工作,不易產生自發性之突破作為。 (四) 網路化工具運用方面:1、耗費過多時間與人力推動管考作業網路化,對於解決計畫執行問題反而著力不多2、藉由網路化,蒐集資料之便利性,列管計畫項數增多,失去重點管制意義3、系統穩定性不足,影響上網填報意願。 就前述影響管考成效問題建議如下: (一)行政院管考機關分立方面:研議整合行政院施政計畫管理資訊系統,推動管考單一窗口;行政院組織法修正時宜考量計畫管理組織之整併。 (二)計畫與預算管理機關分立方面:研議擴大政府預算與計畫相關資訊聯結使計畫與預算管理資訊結合;行政院組織法修正時宜考量計畫與預算管理事權之整合。 (三)施政計畫考核方面:研議整合施政計畫考核、施政績效評估與施政績效獎金制度,建立單一考核制度。 (四)管考組織與人員職能方面:定期辦理績優管考人員獎勵,以有效提升士氣及降低人員異動;由研考會定期開辦計畫管理課程講授施政計畫管考制度、規定與作業技巧,加強計畫管理能力。 (五)網路化應用方面:除持續強化施政計畫管理資訊系統功能外,宜提高計畫執行力,確保行政院重大計畫如期如質完成。可將施政計畫管理資訊與各部會機關管制業務資訊整合以利作為首長決策資源中心。
44

消閑閱讀習慣在近代中國:《良友畫報》出版體與圖畫想像空間之擴展

余芳珍, Fang-chen Yu Unknown Date (has links)
有關報刊史的研究,過去多以分析文字報刊為主,畫報的論析較被忽略。若能從畫報的角度探討,將會發現與文字報刊不盡相同的圖景。 就畫報的發展而言,上海發生過兩次畫報潮,第一次由1884年創辦之《點石齋畫報》引起,第二次則由1926年之《良友畫報》所帶動,並且在三十年形成風潮。《點石齋畫報》為石印畫報,聘請畫師手繪印製而成。在網目照相版技術引進中國之後,攝影圖片取代繪畫圖片,《良友畫報》即採用攝影技術,以大量的照片呈現內容。由於攝影無法拍攝詭譎神怪的情景,因此雖然仍以獵奇作為編輯的基本主軸,但在相當程度上轉變了畫報的內涵。攝影類畫報除了沿襲清末以來石印畫報報導新奇事物的特色之外,還有承襲報刊的哪些面向呢?承襲之後又有哪些轉化性的創新呢?這些創新對於當時讀者來說,具有何種意義呢?換句話說,對讀者而言,和文字報相較,畫報到底被定位為何種類型的讀物?而以「獵奇」為主軸的編輯方式,對讀者產生什麼樣的閱讀感受?這類屬於閱讀史(History of Reading)範圍的問題,是為本論文撰寫的初衷。 本論文除第一章前言與第五章結論之外,共分為三章。《良友畫報》是否造成「閱讀習慣」的轉變,是本論文的問題意識所在。第二章主要從《良友畫報》引發的第二次畫報潮中,所出現之畫報史回顧作品著手,從後設的角度進行分析,闡述這些畫報史作品的寫作手法,以及其所蘊涵之預設,進而深掘在此預設背後,對「畫報」這個型式的界定。當代學者多據這些畫報回顧史作品,討論中國第一份畫報畫報為何,或按照其分類方式進行討論,本章的目的即在於對此種研究取徑做一反思,希望藉由後設的角度,進一步論析上述畫報史文章,從而避免跟隨其後見之明的論旨,進而為其所牽制,並且藉此深掘當時讀者對於「畫報」的觀感與定位,更為確切地掌握彼時讀者的心態。 第三章主要討論《良友畫報》的出版機構——良友圖書印刷公司,藉由分析良友圖書公司的整體風格,作為理解《良友畫報》的背景,避免僅就報刊文本探討所導致的平面分析之弊。本章的研究手法,亦非僅僅描述良友圖書公司的建置而已,而是將上海書業龍頭商務印書館與良友圖書印刷公司作一比較,討論該公司如何自民初以來唯有出版教科書才能生存的上海書業中,突破既有的窠臼,開創以出版畫報為專業方向之全新出版風格,深化第二章關於三十年代對「畫報」體裁所抱持的看法,揭示良友圖書印刷公司對於消閑閱讀習慣的建立,實具有不可忽視的影響力。 順此而下,第四章則將焦點放置在良友圖書印刷公司旗下銷量最佳的《良友畫報》,析論《良友畫報》如何運用「畫報」特具的圖像特質,呈現與文字報刊不甚相同的閱讀圖景,在強化第一章對「畫報」獨特性討論之際,亦試圖梳理出迥異於李歐梵等學者所呈現的摩登時尚之另一種現代性面貌。結論除綜述內文論旨之外,另援用哈伯瑪斯之「公共領域」(public sphere)的概念,討論自晚清李伯元《遊戲報》以來所帶動的消閑閱讀習慣,被 1910 至1920 年代盛行的小報潮負面化以來,《良友畫報》如何扭轉當時人對消閑閱讀的惡評,確立消閑閱讀習慣的正當性,進而去除《遊戲報》以來的諷刺時事之「公共領域」特質,轉變為一個純淨的消閑空間,並且在失去批評時政的特色下,從而被政治當局挪用,成為官方意識型態的傳聲筒。
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以運動擷取資料改善程序式動畫品質 / Enhancing procedural animation with motion capture data

梁長宏, Liang, Chang-Hung Unknown Date (has links)
程序式動畫是一種根據使用者所提供的高階運動參數,自動產生動畫的方法。藉著高階的運動參數,程序式動畫比運動擷取資料有著更高的彈性。使用者可透過調整參數,輕易地讓動畫滿足情境上所需的限制。但如何調整適當的運動參數以產生擬真的動畫仍屬不易,因此程序式動畫常有在視覺上觀感不自然的問題。本研究的目標是,將運動擷取資料擬真的要素,帶到程序式動畫之中,以改進程序式動畫的品質。我們將問題定義成一個最佳化問題:給定一段運動擷取資料,系統該如何調整程序式動畫之參數,使得程序式動畫與運動擷取資料的差距盡可能地縮小?我們的系統可以參考一段運動擷取資料,以最佳化演算法,自動調整程序式動畫的參數,搜尋能產生出與運動擷取資料最為相似的運動參數。為了進一步讓產生之動畫符合環境的限制需求,多組最佳化過後的運動參數可以再透過內插,重新產生出一組符合限制需求的運動參數。實驗結果顯示,我們的方法不但使程序式動畫得以保留原來彈性的優點,也改善了程序式動畫常有的視覺觀感不自然的缺點。 / Procedural animation provides a way for a user to generate animation according to the high-level motion parameters that the user supplies. With the high-level motion parameters, procedural animation has the flexibility of generating animation accommodating the requested constraints in a scenario. However, tuning parameters to generate realistic animations usually is a difficult task. Therefore, animations produced with this approach often have the drawback of unrealistic-looking. Our goal is to improve the quality of procedural animation by bringing the naturalness of motion capture data into procedural animation. We model our problem as an optimization problem: given a motion captured clip, how does the system tune the motion parameters in an animation procedure to minimize the difference between animations produced by a procedure and captured in a motion clip? Our proposed system takes a motion captured clip as a reference and tunes the motion parameters of the animation procedure with an optimization algorithm. In order to generate animation satisfying environmental constraints, multiple optimized motion parameters can be interpolated to create a new set of motion parameters which can also satisfy the constraints. Our experimental results show that our method not only retains the flexibility of procedural animation, but also enhances the quality of procedural animation.
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台灣法人科專計畫與科技部計畫之資源錯置研究:以專利價值指標為研發產出 / Misallocation of technology development programs and ministry of science and Technology’s programs: using patent value index as the R&D output

王郁棋, Wang, Yu Chi Unknown Date (has links)
近年創新研發相關文獻指出創新政策可能因政策不一致性及資源被不適任者所佔有等因素而宣告失敗。其中「資源錯置」此議題乃最為大眾所關注,因此本研究採用Hsieh and Klenow(2009)的資源配置效率模型以檢視台灣兩大科技計畫─「法人科專計畫」與「科技部計畫」是否有資源錯置之情事,以確保我國科技計畫之成效。結果指出,科技部計畫之資源配置效率相對於法人科專計畫較為不穩定,主因為科技部計畫執行機構多為學術型機構,其專利產值較易浮動。研究後續進一步分析兩大計畫底下各機構之扭曲程度。法人科專部份,工研院長期為正向扭曲,中科院則長期為負向扭曲,其正負之差異源自於機構的研發屬性不同;科技部計畫部份,各機構扭曲程度波動較大,乃受到機構研究目的與發表形式差異所導致。本文受限於利用專利作為產出衡量,無法提供科技部計畫全面性的評估觀點。未來若能納入人文社會科學領域且綜合其他學術指標做為產出衡量,將能提供更完整的科技部計畫資源配置效率分析,提供更精確之政策建議。 / Past literature has sounded an alarm to the failure of innovation and warned that policy inconsistency and misallocated innovation inputs as two major reasons to fail innovation. Since Taiwanese government had consistent support over research and development via policy support, this research has focused on the issues of innovation input distortions. In this thesis, the "Technology Development Program (TDP)" supported by Ministry of Economic Affairs (MOEA) as well as endowment projects financed by Ministry of Science and Technology (MOST) are utilized as the research target to investigate the innovation efficiency. The results in this research suggest that TDP has stably higher performance than the MOST-financed projects. TDP projects are executed as more business-related uses while MOST-financed projects usually focus more on the fundamental technological breakthroughs. Besides, the results also suggest that the innovation objectives set by different institutions are crucial to the current innovation efficiency measure. For example, the TDP projects executed by Industrial Technology Research Institute, a commercial technology developer, record less distortions than other TDP projects granted to other institutions responsible for national defense development. This would shed light on the more aligned innovation objective setup and the following innovation resource allocation.
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我國都市更新相關法律問題研究 / Urban Regeneration: Law and Contemporary Problems

林文喻 Unknown Date (has links)
都市更新條例主要係規範私人以權利變換方式施行都市更新事業,國家期藉民間資金與技術完成都市更新興辦任務,致力推動都市更新政策卻引起不少爭議。本文探討國家引導實施者參與都市更新(劃定更新地區、訂定都市更新計畫、確定實施者資格與更新單元、變更都市計畫等)相關問題。 研究發現,主管機關公告劃定都市更新地區,產生報核都市更新事業計畫法定同意比例門檻降低之效果,致使實施者能較輕易啟動都市更新事業計畫,具一般處分之效果。相關權利人如對更新地區範圍劃定認有不當,應予提起行政救濟之機會,然劃定更新地區事涉獨立專家委員會所作決定,有判斷餘地之保護,權利救濟有其困境。為降低決策錯誤風險,以正當行政程序檢視政府公告更新地區過程,有必要擴大民眾參與。而劃定更新地區,未必訂定都市更新計畫,導致許多更新地區欠缺都市更新計畫,都市更新事業計畫逕循都市計畫之指導,更新單元易淪為個別拆除重建,衍生景觀不協調、公共設施不連貫等問題。亦因缺乏都市更新計畫規範所屬地區之更新單元(劃定基準),造成自行劃定更新單元一體適用同樣基準,都市發展因地制宜遂成疑義。 再者,實施者於擬定都市更新事業計畫期間已具特殊權限,土地或建物所有權人申請主管機關核准其委託都市更新事業機構或自行組織更新團體實施階段,主管機關應加強對實施者資格審查,並對自行組織更新團體予以輔導。要求土地所有權人履行供用義務,須有實施都市更新事業之公益性,應檢討實施者強制更新地區外不同意參與戶參與都市更新事業之目的,及有無必要於更新地區外實施都市更新。 最後,都市計畫係大規模宏觀地對都市未來之布局,較難細緻地對局部窳陋地區微觀規劃,又通盤檢討都市計畫時程冗長,即時反應都市動態發展將有難處,故當都市更新涉及都市計畫變更,在不影響都市整體發展與一定條件限制下,有必要變更都市計畫配合都市更新實施,如此,因實施都市更新而啟動都市計畫之變更,應解釋為按都市更新條例第八條、或同條例第二十條所為之都市計畫變更,乃有別於通盤檢討、個案變更都市計畫變更之特別規定。
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行政計畫確定程序於臺北市廣慈開發案可行性之探討

黃文鳳 Unknown Date (has links)
隨著行政任務之多元化,政府的職責不僅消極地保障人民權益不受違法侵害,並積極推動重大公共建設,提供人民生活上之照顧,為達成前述任務,政府必須擬定計畫,合理分配有限資源。由於性質重要且達一定規模之重大公共建設,於開發過程中,常事涉不同利益關係人及不同行政機關之權限,在計畫未公布實施前,應經計畫擬定、聽證舉行及計畫裁決等程序後,始可妥善有效實施。此種確定計畫程序之作用,在於藉由程序之參與,廣納各方意見,期考慮更為周詳,使最終確定之計畫內容合理妥善可行,俾於具體實施時可順利進行;並提高行政效率,建立民眾對公共政策良好之觀感及信賴,達成公部門推動政策之目標。 我國現行規範行政計畫之法制,僅有行政程序法第163、164條區區2條文,其中164條中心理念,緣自德國計畫確定程序之引進,就一定地區土地之特定利用或重大公共設施之設置,所為之計畫設計及規劃程序。在德國計畫確定程序不僅法規範完善,且行之有年,在程序集中及減少日後爭訟之層面,具有一定效果。法務部雖於2001年3月基於行政程序法第164條第2項之授權而嘗試訂定「行政計畫擬訂、確定、修訂及廢棄程序辦法草案」,就計畫之擬定、聽證程序之進行、計畫之確定等相關程序為詳細規範,賦予最終之確定計畫裁決一定之法律效力,以期達到程序集中的效果,然本辦法草案迄今仍未完成立法付之實施,無法發揮實質功效。 本研究之目的,在探討國家推動重大公共建設時,所面臨的最大挑戰-如何作出令人信服之決策,此緣於權力來源之正當性、決策內容與程序之合理性外;亦須思考公部門對於私部門或環保團體之不信任、民眾過於追逐開發行為所產生之暴利期待、環境與經濟之連動性及國家中長程之發展方向與目標等人文議題,並參考國外案例,融合本國風土人文予以克服與解決。另試圖將行政計畫確定程序運用在臺北市廣慈開發案,以行政程序所追求之民主、效能及公開之原則,解決其所面臨之困難。
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HW婚禮顧問整合事業計畫 / HW Wedding Integrated Services Business Plan

李若慧, Lee, Theresa Unknown Date (has links)
HW婚禮顧問整合事業計畫 / HW Wedding is a wedding planning company who is the experts of wedding planning, we help to make every bride-to-be’s dream wedding come true through in depth insight mining, unchained creativity and solid execution, creating an unique and unforgettable experience for our customers and their guests. Wedding planning is a growing business in Taiwan market with 20% growth rate every year. Through this business plan, HW Wedding wishes to accomplish in wedding industry and to perform more delicate services to potential customers. HW Wedding follows the “Business Model Canvas” to develop business plan. Starting from identify our value proposition, all ATL and BTL plans is designed to achieve such value. After financial assessment, HW Wedding believes that we can gradually approach our goals in near future.
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虛擬環境中智慧型化身之控制

許書瑋, Shu-Wei Hsu Unknown Date (has links)
在3D虛擬環境中,使用者透過對化身的控制進行場景瀏覽等各種活動。所謂智慧型化身之控制,是指在化身控制系統中,融入一些人工智慧的方法,協助使用者更有效率的控制化身的運動。本論文對此議題的研究範疇包含兩部分:改進第一人稱控制化身的智慧型介面及將智慧型控制的概念延伸到第三人稱的控制方式上。在以第一人稱控制化身的部分,我們在一個具備虛擬力場輔助的控制系統上,加入適性化的機制,以產生能適應使用者操控習慣的虛擬力場。另外,在一個使用街圖運動計畫法輔助控制的智慧型介面上,我們以虛擬鏈結的觀念改善該方法可能造成使用者繞路的不自然現象。在第三人稱的化身控制上,我們以「組態-時間」街圖的新觀念設計運動計畫演算法,並加上讓運動計畫與控制播放兩個程序協調並行的機制,使系統能在符合即時性的效能下,自動為化身搭配能夠適時閃避障礙物的上半身肢體運動。我們相信此類智慧型控制介面,可增加化身在虛擬環境中控制的便利性,並提高化身在動作呈現上的擬真度。 / In a 3D virtual environment, a user takes part in various activities such as walk-through a scene by controlling the avatar representing the user. Intelligent avatar control means a control mechanism using AI techniques to improve user naviga-tion efficiency. This thesis reports research on two aspects of intelligent avatar control: we attempt to improve the efficiency of the first-person intelligent ava-tar control interfaces and extend the intelligent interface concept to a third-person control mechanism. First, we improve a force-field based intelligent interface by adopting an adaptive mechanism that can generate a tailored force field according to user control behavior. In addition, in a motion-planning based assisting mechanism, we have introduced the concept of virtual link to improve the quality of the generated avatar path. Second, we use the concept of C-T space roadmap to design a new motion planning algorithm to generate collision-free motion for a third-person-controlled avatar. We have designed a mechanism to allow motion generation and execution to happen in parallel and collision-free motions for the upper body of the avatar can be generated in real time. We be-lieve that this type of intelligent control interface can enhance the efficiency of avatar interface control and improve the realism of the generated avatar motions.

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