本文以最適控制理論證明，獎勵再生能源產出之政策，應以再生能源淨能源產出做為獎勵的基礎，而非現行以再生能源總能源產出做為獎勵基礎之模式。這裡的淨能源產出，指的是再生能源廠商生產出之再生能源，減去生產再生能源時所用的能源投入。本文首先將社會最適情況下的總能源產出分別與以淨能源產出和總能源產出為獎勵政策基礎之價格與數量政策下之總能源產出作比較，提出獎勵再生能源產出的政策，需以淨能源產出做為獎勵的基礎，而非現行以總能源產出作為基礎的政策，接著，在以淨能源產出為基礎的政策下，探討環境外部性與防治成本以及研究發展的議題。 / By the optimal control theory, this paper proves that policies on encouraging the production of renewable energy should be based on its net output or net energy instead of on its gross output or gross energy. Here net energy is defined as the surplus of renewable energy output minus energy input from its production. This paper first compares the optimal gross output of the renewable energy under the social optimal condition with the gross outputs under the price-based policy instrument and the quantity-based policy instrument based on net energy output and gross energy output, respectively, suggesting that policy instruments used to encourage the production of renewable energy should be based on its net output instead of on its gross output. Finally, it probes the cases of environmental externality and R&D based on the net output of renewable energy.

本研究旨在以國中導師信念、班級經營策略與班級經營效能之關聯作實證性之研究。具體而言，本研究欲瞭解：（1）國中導師信念、班級經營策略及班級經營效能的現況。（2）國中導師信念及班級經營策略在導師背景變項上之差異程度。（3）國中導師信念、班級經營策略與班級經營效能的相關程度。（4）國中導師班級經營策略與效能在導師性別及信念上之差異程度。（5）各變項對國中導師班級經營效能的預測力。 本研究之研究對象為桃園縣公立國中導師及學生，以「國中導師信念及班級經營策略量表」、「國中學生反應意見量表」為工具進行研究。預試有效導師樣本95份、有效學生樣本149份，以次數分析、因素分析、相關分析、信度分析等方法，分析研究信度與效度。正式施測的有效導師樣本183份、有效學生樣本1113份，分別以描述分析、t考驗、單因子變異數、二因子變異數、積差相關分析、逐步迴歸分析等統計方法進行研究分析。本研究重要發現如下： 一、「導師職責信念」與「學校地區」、「年齡」、「婚姻狀況」、「導師年資」等變項達顯著差異。 二、「開明領導信念」與「婚姻狀況」達顯著差異。 三、「班級經營策略」分別與「導師年資」、「任教年級」達顯著差異。 四、「班級經營策略」分別與「導師職責信念」、「開明領導信念」成正相關。 五、「班級經營效能」分別與「導師職責信念」、「開明領導信念」成正相關。 六、「班級經營效能」與「班級經營策略」成正相關。 七、在威權管理與消極防堵信念方面女性導師的班級經營效能優於男性導師。 八、「任教年級」、「團隊合作策略」、「學校規模」三變項對班級經營效能具有預測力。 本研究根據研究結果提出建議，以提供中小學教師、中小學校、教育行政機關、師資培育機構及未來研究者之參考。 / The purpose of this research is to investigate the relationships among classroom management beliefs,strategies and efficiency of hoomroom teachers in junior high schools. The Subjects in this research are 183 teachers and 1113 students in Tao-Yuan County's junior high schools.The statistic methods used in this research include: descriptive analysis, T-test, One-way ANOVA, Two-way ANOVA, product-moment correlation, etc.The findings are as follow: 1.Significant differences existed among "Schools' location", "Age", "Marriage status" and "Years of being teachers" for "Tutor-charge belief" . 2.Significant differences existed between "Marriage status" and "Open-minded leadership belief". 3.Significant differences existed among "Years of being teachers" and "The grade the teachers teach" for classroom management strategies. 4.Significant positive correlation among "Tutor-charge belief and "Open-minded leadership belief for classroom management strategies. 5.Significant positive correlation among 'Tutor-charge belief and "Open-minded leadership belief for classroom management efficiency. 6.Significant positive correlation between "Classroom management strategies" and "Classroom management efficiency". 7.As to "authoritive-management belief and "negative -prevention belief , female teachers' management efficiency are higher than male teachers' management efficiency. 8.The best predictors for classroom management efficiency are "The grade the teachers teach", "Co-operation strategy", and "The scale of the school" . Based on the results of this study, to make some suggestions for educational administration, the elementary and high schools, the teachers in elementary and high schools and future study.

近年來英美等先進國家均已開始提倡身心障礙者教育的平等權，促使身心障礙者獲得同等的教育機會，不僅是學校教育，社會教育亦然，而博物館正是社會教育最佳的場所之一，因此博物館的身心障礙教育更是值得注意。根據內政部（民89）的統計，台灣目前身心障礙人數已超過七十一萬，其中又以智能障礙者的比例最高，為落實教育部「邁向學習社會」的願景，博物館應該開始重視身心障礙者的教育。本研究基於保障身心障礙者教育權與博物館弱勢觀眾的開發，試圖瞭解國內外博物館智能障礙教育實施之概況、智能障礙者的學習特性及其教學原則，並以台北市立美術館為個案，探討台北市智能障礙國中生參與美術館導覽活動的概況與反應，最後歸納出博物館辦理智能障礙導覽活動的原理原則。 本研究採個案研究，分別以文件分析、觀察、與訪談等方式取得相關資料，以獲得台北市立美術館辦理智能障礙導覽活動的全貌，以及智能障礙學生於導覽過程中的反應，並整理啟智班教師與解說員的意見與建議，歸納出博物館辦理智能障礙教育活動的原則。根據本研究結果，提出以下四點結論： 一、國內博物館在身心障礙教育之專業知能有待提升。 二、國內目前實施智能障礙導覽的困難在於人力資源的缺乏。 三、國內啟智班教師未善用博物館或美術館的資源。 四、國內館校合作的機制不夠成熟。 根據以上結論，本研究提出三點具體建議： 一、提升博物館智能障礙教育的知能，鼓勵啟智班教師、智能障礙教育專家加入博物館義工或訓練人員行列，並尋求民間團體的合作。 二、建立博物館與學校或民間團體的合作機制。 三、呼籲政府從政策面推動博物館身心障礙教育發展。

本研究旨在藉由中高級文官能力需求的探討，進而分析評鑑與考選的理論與方法，同時以我國現行國家考試方式為基礎，參酌英美日德法等國文官考試制度的設計，在實務上以我國公務人員高等考試一級考試為個案分析進行深入探討。 針對研究發現，歸納本論文之結論，敘述如下： 一、我國中高級文官所需具備的能力，應包括 （一）概念技能(conceptual skills)：問題分析、主動性、計畫與組織、書面溝通能力、敏感性、判斷力、控制力；（二）人際技能(human or interpersonal skills)：領導統御能力、口語表達能力、組織與分析能力、親和力與感受性、決斷力、影響力、分析能力、團體適應力、壓力忍受性、積極性；（三）專業技能(technical skills)：專業知識、專業能力、政策規劃能力、問題解決、創造力、洞察力、獨立性。 二、不同的評鑑與考選方式均有其優缺點，須依據目標的不同而有多元的選擇，此外尚必須考量信度、效度、公平性、應用性及成本等因素。透過問題處理或籃中測驗、團體討論或集體口試、專業科目或方案規劃可以有效衡鑑應考人在概念技能、人際技能及專業技能的能力。 三、我國評鑑與考選制度設計，實際採行仍以筆試為主，有必要吸取不同國家考試用人的經驗，從理論與實務上加以研究改進，始能真正選拔出優秀適合及具發展潛能的高素質人才。 四、英美日德法文官考試制度的設計，可以發現其考選過程相當慎重與嚴謹、考試方式多樣化、考試內容涵蓋理論與實務、考試內涵與工作所需能力相結合、豐富的口試內容並且重視發展潛能。 五、公務人員高等考試一級考試，經個案研究及實際模擬演練發現改革方式較傳統方法較具多樣化，考試內容涵蓋理論與實務，並能與工作所需的能力相結合，予以高度的肯定。 根據以上結論提出具體建議，本研究並將理論與實務結合，以作為我國中高級文官評鑑與考選方式之借鏡，並提供訓練機構或教育單住之參考。 [關鍵詞]：中高級文官、核心能力、評鑑、考選、公務人員高等考試一級考試

鋼情教師的背景是設在音樂被所有人視為是最崇高、重要的維也納， 艾瑞卡從小也被母親期待要成為世界聞名的鋼琴家；母親的目標使得她必須活在永無止盡的練習、競爭比賽的壓力下。本論文主要在探討書中的女性為了要在父權的菁英文化中取得一席之地、為了求更高的社經地位及物質生活而抹滅情感上的需求所產生之病態。性一向被艾瑞卡的母親視為是罪大惡極的禁忌，但壓抑身體慾望的結果使得艾瑞卡有自殘刀割下體的習慣、背著母親去看色情表演、偷窺男女在野地做愛並在性慾被撩起時有拉尿的強迫症。第一章在說明本書的研究價值、摘要小說、回顧評論、和闡述為何以資本主義社會、現代人的精神官能症、自虐症為以下兩章的主題。第二章會從佛洛依德的性壓抑而造成心理疾病的心理學角度去說明艾瑞卡所受精神官能症的病徵及原因。第三章則是研究艾瑞卡的自虐、偷窺、性虐待幻想等的變態行為的起因及心理需求。最後於第四章我用佛洛依德在文明及其不滿中的觀點，來說明個人在被過度要求、否認自我慾望的過程中，精神不但無法超脫還會導致行為、心理的脫序。女性在男性資本主義社會中容易受到經濟、性別弱勢的雙重迫害，而導致極度的不快樂。艾瑞卡就是一位盲目服膺其價值觀而受害的中產階級女性之一。 / Jelinek was often commended for her frequent critiques of consumerism and the subjugation of women in the patriarchal society. In her avowedly autobiographical novel The Piano Teacher, she again uses the life of a pathological piano teacher to reflect the cruelties and the subjugating powers inherent in the capitalistic and patriarchal society. By adopting a psychological approach, this thesis will show that Jelinek’s fiction is an account of a larger analysis of female masochism than it initially seems to be. The protagonist’s regular practice of self-mutilation is more than an individual pathology, but an allegory of the result of the violence and deprivation inflicted on the individual by the capitalist society. The thesis consists of four chapters. Chapter I is an introduction, including the overview of the novel and its critical backgrounds. In Chapter II, textual analyses as well as psychoanalysis will be made to explore the psychological depths of the protagonist’s compulsive behaviors and voyeurism. Erika’s relationships with men, especially with one of her musical students, Walter Klemmer, failed tragically and resulted in her final self-destruction. This chapter will study Erika’s neurotic personality and will investigate the factors which contribute to the protagonist’s neuroses and her consequent sufferings. In Chapter III, I will focus on studying Erika’s sadomasochistic fantasies and voyeurism; not only is she made to hurt herself in her tormenting relationship with her mother, she also repeats the sadomasochistic pattern in her relationship with Kelmmer. By researching into the causes and psychodynamics of sadomasochism, Iwill discuss why her non-erotic impulses would be transformed into perverse erotic desires and behaviors. My topics for discussion include: What caused her to develop her “perverse mechanism”? What forces propel her to live out her perversions? The answers lie in the childhood traumas inflicted by her mother and the cultural conditions which lend weight and color to the individual experiences and determine their particular forms. In order to excel and become an elite of Austrian’s high culture, Erika was made to deny her drive needs until later she can only experience a libidinal deadness. Forceful repression of her natural desires lead to her pathologies. The chapter also shows the danger of conforming too completely to the capitalistic ideology and exposes the ideology’s oppressing and alienating effects. Finally, the last chapter concludes that by presenting a cruelty revolting in its extremity, Jelinek is denouncing the Austria’s idolization of high music culture, and mourning the sacrifice of a pianist’s id under its system. Erika can be seen as the victim of society’s fetishization of petty-bourgeois values and her upbringing according to its norms. By exposing the superstructure that immobilizes her characters, Jelinek’s biting irony is directed at the capitalist superstructure and its restraining and deadening effect on the individual.

本研究旨在探討台北市幼稚園教育人員資訊素養與學校效能之現況及其關係，並依據研究分析結果，提出結論與建議，期能提供日後幼稚園提升教育人員資訊素養與學校效能之參考。 本研究採用問卷調查法，以研究者自編之「幼稚園教育人員資訊素養與學校效能調查問卷」為研究工具，研究對象為台北市公私立幼稚園之教育人員(含園長、主任、組長及教師)，共抽取630位為研究樣本，回收有效問卷共計440份，回收率為69.8%。問卷回收後分別以「平均數」、「標準差」、「單因子變異數分析」、「獨立樣本t考驗」、「Pearson積差相關」、「多元逐步迴歸」以及「結構方程模式」等統計方法進行分析，根據研究分析結果歸納岀以下幾項結論： 一、台北市幼稚園教育人員資訊素養之現況大致良好，在網路能力層面較佳，惟在圖書館能力及電腦軟硬體能力層面有待加強。 二、台北市幼稚園教育人員的與學校效能之現況大致良好，普遍重視幼兒學習表現，惟在社區家長支持層面有待加強。 三、台北市幼稚園教育人員資訊素養能力會因年齡、服務年資、教育程度、園所規模及園所屬性之不同，而有顯著差異。 四、台北市幼稚園教育人員在知覺學校效能方面會因教育程度、園所屬性之不同，而有顯著差異。 五、台北市幼稚園教育人員資訊素養與學校效能間呈現正相關之關係。 六、背景變項與資訊素養各層面對學校效能整體有顯著的預測作用。 七、資訊素養對學校效能有正向的影響。 / This study is aimed at investigating the current conditions and relationships of educational personnel information literacy and school effectiveness in preschools of Taipei City. Furthermore, conclusions and suggestions are provided based on the findings in order to give preschools some suggestions to facilitate educational personnel information literacy and school effectiveness. This study adopts the research method of questionnaire survey.“ Educational Personnel Literacy and School Effectiveness in Preschool Questionnaire” was designed from literature review. The subjects of questionnaire survey include principals, directors, team leaders and teachers in preschools of Taipei City. The samples were 630 educational personnel in preschools and the returned valid questionnaires were 440, making the return rate of 69.8%. The valid sample data was analyzed by various statistical methods such as mean, standard deviation, one-way ANOVA, t-test, Pearson correlation, stepwise multiple regression analysis and structural equation modeling. These conclusions of this research were summarized below: 1. The current conditions of educational personnel literacy in preschools of Taipei City were good, “Network literacy” was the better one, while “Library Literacy” and “Computer Software and Hardware Literacy” should be improved. 2. The current conditions of school effectiveness in preschools of Taipei City were good, “Children learning outcome” was the better one, while “Assistance from community and parents” should be improved. 3. The general performance of educational personnel information literacy in preschools of Taipei City varied significantly from different age, seniority, educational background, preschool dimension and preschool property. 4. The general performance of school effectiveness in preschools of Taipei City varied significantly from different educational background and preschool property. 5. There was positive relationship between educational personnel information literacy and school effectiveness in preschools of Taipei City. 6. The background variations and information literacy were appropriate indicators in predicting school effectiveness. 7. Information literacy positively affects school effectiveness.

隨著中國大陸近十餘年來的改革開放，以低廉的勞工與土地成本、及高度持續之經濟成長，吸引台商紛紛將過去的台灣經驗移植到大陸。本研究從大陸子公司角度探討影響其經營績效之因素，分析台商母公司的智慧資本對大陸子公司經營績效的影響，特別將母子公司間的移轉機制與子公司的吸收能耐納入實證分析中。 本研究採用田野研究、問卷調查、與實證資料檢定，並結合多種不同的資料庫來源，以在大陸設有子公司進行投資活動之我國公司為研究對象進行問卷調查，回收之有效樣本合計共103家。路徑分析之結果發現大部分台商母公司所擁有的智慧資本會直接影響大陸子公司的經營績效。在智慧資本的移轉成效上，台商人力資本有移轉和吸收效果，但創新資本的效果則不佳。在上市櫃電子業之樣本下，母公司所擁有的人力資本係先透過影響母子公司間的移轉機制，再間接影響大陸子公司的資產報酬率。當台商母公司所擁有的人力資本愈高時，有助於提高大陸子公司之吸收能耐，並間接影響大陸子公司的資產報酬率。另外，迴歸分析之結果發現，不同智慧資本組成要素對大陸子公司經營績效影響的程度並不相同，人力資本對經營績效有顯著的正效果，而創新資本對經營績效的影響並不顯著。本研究最後建議理論或實務上之管理意涵。 / Over the past decade, the regulations of China have changed, and it provided a huge resource of cheap labor and land. Following the rapid economic growth has attracted Taiwanese enterprises to transfer their success experiences to China. It is important to examine the determinants of performance of subsidiary in China. This study analyzes the relationship between intellectual capital and performance covering the transfer from Taiwanese parent to Chinese subsidiary. This study particularly highlights the role of transfer mechanism and absorptive capacity in explaining the effect of intellectual capital on performance. This study integrates multiple research methodologies including field study, questionnaire, and empirical study. Since no single database exists to support this study, multiple sources are employed for constructing the sample frame. Based on a sample of 103 subsidiaries of Taiwanese enterprises in China, results of path analysis indicate that intellectual capital from parent is positively associated with the performance of subsidiary. In general, the results support that the effects of human capital on performance are mediated by both transfer mechanism and absorptive capacity, but the transfer roles of innovation capital are not supported. Finding from the public electronic industry reveals that the influence of human capital on return of assets is indirect through the mediating role of transfer mechanism. An absorptive capacity path is presented where absorptive capacity is associated with return of assets, and human capital influences absorptive capacity. Moreover, regression analyses demonstrate that different intellectual capital elements have a different effect on organizational performance. Human capital is important in explaining the variations in the performance of subsidiary, while innovation capital has little or no effect. Implications for theory and research are discussed.

本篇論文藉由探討主題推進類型 (thematic progression patterns)與凝結關係 (cohesive ties) 在高中英文教科書課文的呈現以及在英文大學入學考試試題 (綜合測驗，文意選填，篇章結構) 上的應用，來提倡篇章結構的閱讀方法；希望在英文閱讀方面能有啟發的功效。首先，高中英文教科書中敘述文和說明文類型的文章被挑選出來作分析。為了解釋文章的主題發展，功能語法觀點 (Functional Sentence Perspective) 的語言學家Daneš提出四個主題推進類型，分別為Type 1: Simple Linear TP，Type 2: TP with a continuous (constant) theme，Type 3: TP with derived T’s，Type 4: Exposition of a Split Rheme。Cloran另外建議兩個主題推進類型Type 5: Theme > Rheme 和Type 6: Rheme > Rheme。這六種主題推進類型再加上由Halliday and Hasan所提出的五種凝結關係 (cohesive ties, i.e. reference, substitution, ellipsis, conjunction, and lexical cohesion) 被用來分析上述的文章並且應用在英文大學入學考試試題的解題。研究發現除了上述六種預設的主題推進類型之外，第七種類型被歸為Referential Type，涉及指稱詞 this和that 的使用。其他的發現敘述如下：在高中英文教科書文章分析方面，Type 1和Type 2出現的頻率最多，第二多是Type 5 and Type 6；Referential Type排名出現頻率的第三名，而Type 4少見，Type 3最罕見.。另外，在英文大學入學考試試題的應用方面，結果亦大致符合上述。至於凝結關係 (cohesive ties) 的頻率，指稱詞 (reference)，尤其是人稱代名詞出現最多次，字彙 (lexicon) 次之，然而大部份都是相同字 (same word or repetition) 的一再重複出現；其他字彙的呈現，如同義詞 (synonym)、反義詞 (antonym)、搭配詞 (collocation)、統領詞 (superordinate) 等稍嫌不足。 / Because little attention has been paid to the explicit teaching of text structure in local senior high schools, this present study analyzes the reading texts to explore how students are exposed to expositive and narrative text types and how the text is structured. Reading texts are selected from textbooks for senior high school students and then theme categories, thematic progression types and cohesive devices are analyzed. Combined Daneš’s theory with Cloran’s suggestion, the following six types of thematic progression (TP) are identified: Type 1, Rheme>Theme pattern (> means ‘followed by’); Type 2, Theme>Theme pattern; Type 3, Split Theme; Type 4, Split Rheme; Type 5, Theme>Rheme pattern; and Type 6, Rheme>Rheme pattern. Besides, five cohesive ties (i.e. reference, substitution, ellipsis, conjunction, and lexical cohesion) proposed by Halliday and Hasan are identified as clue to trace the progression. Next, evidence is found to decode gapped passages in Integrative Test (綜合測驗, i.e. Cloze Test), Semantic Choice (文意選填), and Discourse Structure (篇章結構). Besides the presupposed six progression patterns mentioned above, one more type is found and categorized as Referential Type. The progression of Referential Type involves the use of cohesive device this or that. The findings are presented as follows: In the analysis of reading texts in EFL textbooks, thematic progression of Type 1 R>T and Type 2 T>T predominates the frequency of occurrence, while thematic progression of Type 5 T>R and Type 6 R>R follows behind, and Referential Type ranks third in terms of frequency, followed by Type 4 Split R outnumbering Type 3 Split T. Furthermore, while applying to the analysis of test passages, the outcome of progression types is roughly correspondent with what is mentioned above. As for cohesive ties, reference predominates the frequency of occurrence, followed by lexicon. Of all the cohesive devices, items of personal reference are found to appear most frequently, and then the second most are items of the same word. Through the exploration and analysis of thematic progression and cohesive devices, it is hoped that students’ awareness of textual organization will be enhanced and thus help activate efficient reading.

本文係以證券商發言人作為研究對象，探討台灣上市櫃公司發言人的核心能力。有鑑於量化研究較難以發掘核心能力的真實面貌，因此本文是採用半結構式的深度訪談做質化研究，再輔以問卷調查進行交叉分析，進而歸納台灣上市櫃公司發言人所應具備的核心能力，並希望利用這項結果，提供研究者對於發言人核心能力及其職場生態的瞭解，以作為今後對相關領域內學術探討與企業實務的參考。 本研究在學術及實務上的目的有四項，分述如下： （一）探索上市櫃公司發言人核心能力的特質，作為比較依據； （二）了解上市櫃公司發言人從業歷程，彌補既有文獻之不足； （三）作為企業界任命及培訓發言人之參考； （四）提供主管機關未來修訂上市櫃公司發言人制度之參考。 儘管目前學術界缺乏企業發言人的相關文獻可供參考，但經過本文對現 有十家上市櫃證券商進行研究之後，大致可以歸納出以下結論： （一）「專業能力」、「溝通能力」及「情緒管理」是大部份受訪的發言人都擁有的核心能力，也是受訪者建議發言人必須具備的主要核心能力；而「掌握公司文化」與「企業倫理」則是另外發現的兩項非常重要的職能，雖然目前各界的定義或認知可能不同，但這兩項職能未來仍將列入核心能力的範疇之中。 （二）上市櫃證券商發言人通常是由位高權重的資深主管所兼任，他們接任之前的平均專業年資是九．七年，而每天真正花在發言人業務上的時間，大約只占辦公時間的十分之一。 （三）上市櫃證券商發言人希望參加正式的在職訓練課程，以學習法令新知，汲取實務案例經驗，並進行經驗交流。 （四）有關企業購併案的資訊揭露，主管機關應該訂定明確的標準作業程序，以免上市櫃公司必須夾在法令的灰色地帶，一方面要設法在保密過程中推動購併案，另一方面又要擔心資訊揭露太慢而遭受法令處罰。 關鍵字：發言人、核心能力、公司治理、公共關係 / This thesis takes the spokespersons of securities companies as an example to discuss the issue regarding core competencies of spokespersons of the listed companies in Taiwan. To have deeper understanding of the issue, this study conducts in-depth interviews as well as questionnaires on spokepersons of the ten listed securities companies. Quantitative and qualitative data were cross-examined to present the overall picture of the spokespersons of Taiwan’s listed securities companies. By conducting empirical research, this thesis aims to contribute to the academic and practical fields. The major findings of this study are: (1)There are three core competencies that most of the interviewed spokespersons own in this research. They are “Professional ability,” “Communication ability,” and “Emotion management.” These factors are also suggested as criteria for qualified spokespersons by the interviewees. In addition, “Grasping the corporate’s culture” and “Corporate ethics” are also two important abilities emphasized by the interviewees. (2)Generally speaking, the position of spokesperson is not a full-time job. It is only part of the senior managers’ concurrent responsibility. Before taking over the positions, these spokespersons have spent an average of 9.7 years in related professions. The senior managers would spend about one-tenth working hours on the spokespersons’ daily duties. (3)The spokespersons of the listed companies would like to participate in professional training programs to learn new regulations and to share practical experience from case studies. (4)For the listed companies in mergers and acquisitions (M&A), the spokespersons have the obligation to disclose the material information to the public as soon as possible, but the M&A cases might be interrupted or fail due to the immature information disclosure. Therefore, the authorities should set up the standard M&A procedure so that the spokespersons could disclose information step by step, in order to take care of the benefit both for companies and investors. Keywords: Spokesperson, Core competency, Corporate governance, Public relations

摘 要 臺灣的宗教信仰，以臺灣民間信仰最為蓬勃發展，臺灣的廟宇數量也與信徒人數成正比，臺灣素有「三步一小廟；五步一大廟」之稱。許多人的成長經驗中，對於廟宇空間並不陌生，但我們所經驗的廟宇空間，畢竟只是廟宇空間活動中冰山的一角，並不能呈現真實社會中廟宇空間的全貌。因此，若要探討廟宇空間使用的全貌，就必須從空間使用與人群行為等，才能真實呈現出廟宇信仰的各個面貌。本文選擇大龍峒保安宮作為田野觀察的對象，透過實際觀察人們在大龍峒保安宮的空間使用，初步有四點研究發現。 廟宇具有四種重要功能：文化教育、經濟、社會與宗教的功能。一是宗教功能，保安宮透過這些誦經的法會，主要可以提供信眾解罪、祈福的功能。另外，保安宮駐廟道士李繼昌道長，一年到頭提供解祭、收驚、補運、求光明等各項法事，提供信眾在運途低落、身體不適的心靈寄託。此外，神明也提供宗教上的依靠，廟裡的效勞生認為透過身體勞力的付出，換取神明對於一家大小的保佑；二是經濟功能，保安宮自創建時期，便與四十四坎形成廟街聚落，其週邊的經濟效力不容小覷。除了地方宮廟週邊的廟街、攤販、廟宇相關產業的經濟效益外，其實宮廟本身就是一個龐大的經濟體；三是社會功能，保安宮在社會與公益活動方面，可分為常態性與特殊狀況（機動性）的救濟活動。另外，筆者發現保安宮的義工制度，提供另一種的社會福利。保安宮就像最具人性尊嚴的養老院，它提供老人家排遣寂寞的空間，讓老人家在做義工的過程中，如簡單的打掃、顧金紙攤、折金紙、清理燭臺等，感受到他們被社會需要。另外，廟裡很多人可以聊天互動，也提供他們社會人際關係上的需求；四是文化、教育功能，以保安宮為例，它用極致的古蹟建築，輔以藝文班、學術講座、道教學院等方式，傳遞一個地方廟宇的風華。 保安宮的規劃與實際空間使用行為存在落差，其落差來自人對於文化的認同與了解程度的不同。此外，在空間使用上，內部人員與外部人員存在使用空間的不同；即使是內部人員也會因為職位、貢獻程度與可替換性的高低不同，造成空間分配與使用上的不一樣。 關鍵字：保安宮、空間使用、廟宇的社會功能 / Abstract Taiwan folk belief is the most vigorous development in Taiwan's religious belief. Taiwan's temple quantity also has the direct ratio with the follower population. In many people's experiences, they do'nt feels strange to the temple space, but the temple space experienced is limited, it certainly cannot present complete picture of the temple space in the real society the. Therefore, if we would like to discuss the complete picture of the temple space used, it needs to be considered from the spatial usage and the people's behavior and. Then, we can really present complete picture of the Taiwan's temple space. This article chooses a case study of Taipei Dalongdong Pan-an temple to take the field observation . First, with actually observing the people's spatial usage in Taipei Dalongdong Pan-an temple, the preliminary research discovered the temple has four important functions. These four functions are the cultural and educational, the economical, social and the religious function. Speaking of the cultural and the educational function, Taipei Dalongdong Pan-an temple with its historical site construction, takes the assistance with literary arts class, academic course, Taoism institute to transmits a locality temple's culture ; In the economical function aspect, Taipei Dalongdong Pan-an temple since it was founded, then forms 44 merchant settlements, and its peripheral economical potency does not allow to belittle, moreover, Taipei Dalongdong Pan-an temple itself is a huge economical body, its related economic activity also has the moving force ; The third one is the social function. In recent years, because the Taiwan temple had the massive social resources, it had been engaged in the social public welfare activity and the philanthropy. In social and the public welfare activity aspect, Taipei Dalongdong Pan-an temple may divide into the habit and the mobile relief activity. Moreover, the author discovered the volunteer system of Taipei Dalongdong Pan-an temple provides the old person to dispel boredom lonely and social activity ; The Fourth one is the religious function, Taipei Dalongdong Pan-an temple's taoist priest provides each taoism ritual procedures all year long, enables the unlucky follower to have the dependence. In addition, the gods also provide religious dependence, the volunteers in the temple exchange family members' safety with their labors. Secondly, this article that the actual spatial of Taipei Dalongdong Pan-an temple doesn't match for its original plan because the differences in people's considerations. In addition, in the spatial usage, internal personnel is different from exterior personnel; Even if the internal personnel can also because of the position, the contribution degree create difference. Key words： Temple space, security palace, spatial use, temple function, user