In 2015, the United Nations adopted 17 sustainable development goals (SDGs) and 169 dub-goals, for all United Nations member countries. The goals are referred to as Agenda 2030 which aims to be guidelines for the countries as well as deepen the commitments of implementation.This paper aims to identify opportunities for how the palm oil industry can, through a more sustainable way, help to achieve objectives of UN ́s goals number eight and thirteen, by examining how the government in Indonesia works. Goal number eight: Decent work and economic growth, and goal number thirteen: Climate action.The analysis has been conducted through a qualitative case study based on scientific articles and various documents.The method used is A political economic approach together with an stakeholders analysis, where all stakeholders seek to be identified. The Government of Indonesia is working towards more sustainable production of palm oil and is undertaken by several stakeholders on the way, for example, the implementation of Indonesian Sustainable Palm oil (ISPO), which the government of Indonesia has installed to make the palm oil industry somehow contribute to meeting the SDGs.

I Sverige är 85 % av befolkningen bosatt i städer och urbaniseringen har resulterat i förändrad markanvändning, vilket sätter press på naturens ekosystem. Ekosystemen skänker tjänster som luftrening, pollinering och naturupplevelser vilka är nödvändiga för människans välfärd. För att inte ekosystemtjänsterna ska förloras behöver den som planerar stadsbebyggelse ta hänsyn till naturens värden. Miljökvalitetsmålen och Agenda 2030 är mål som Sverige antagit för att säkerställa hållbara städer och biologisk mångfald, men trots politiska mål krävs det betydande arbetsinsatser från kommunerna för att lyckas implementera ekosystemtjänster i samhällsbyggnadsprocessen. Genom enkätundersökning och intervjuer kartlagdes aktiviteten över hur Sveriges kommuner arbetade med ekosystemtjänster, samt deras erfarenheter. Resultatet visade att kommunerna arbetade med ekosystemtjänster i varierad skala. Majoriteten arbetade med frågan lite grann, men var osäkra på hur de skulle arbeta systematiskt. Respondenterna bedömde sig ha stor kännedom om begreppet, men upplevde brist på förståelse hos politiker och tjänstemän. Majoriteten av kommunerna hade framtida planer på att implementera ekosystemtjänster i samhällsbyggnadsprocessen och var positiva till implementeringen, då den bidrog till bl.a. multifunktionella lösningar och hållbara städer. För att lyckas så bra som möjligt med implementeringen av ekosystemtjänster uppmuntras kommuner sprida kunskap bland olika grupper av tjänstemän, anpassa arbetsnivån efter organisationens förutsättningar samt systematiskt följa upp arbetsprocessen.

The United Nations (UN) has implemented a policy of gender mainstreaming in their agendas forboth sustainable development and urban development with the aim of improving gender equity in member statesthrough all of the organization’s work. However, many scholars have criticized the UN’s incorporation ofgender in these agendas for lacking systemic and coordinated policy schemes that are capable of ensuringgender equity. The majority of these analyses were performed shortly after the agendas’ introductions. In thisthesis, I return to these agendas a few years after their implementation to examine the discourses of gender inurban sustainability that they contain and consider whether these discourses are or are not reflected in thenational and local sustainable urban development agendas of one member state, Sweden, and its largest city,Stockholm. Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA) is used to identify such gendered discourses and determinewhether the ideologies they reflect are or are not contributing to the agendas’ stated aim to achieve genderequity. Findings show that there are both significant similarities and differences between discourses at all levels,with different degrees of both reinforcement of and opposition to status quo gender hierarchy at each level.Agendas at the national and local levels showed more evidence of anti-hierarchical ideology than theinternational level, suggesting that the gender equity work of member states need not be constrained by theshortcomings of the UN approach.

In an era where life expectancy among the population is increasing, the retirement age in Sweden is growing proportionally according to the increase. A mix of good work motivation and the right conditions is required for employees to be able to continue working. This study will investigate physically burdened occupations and find the basic factors for work loyalty to the Swedish recommended retirement age (65 years). Six different semi-structured interviews were conducted on full-time employees working in a physically burdensome job. A qualitative approach was chosen as the purpose of the study is to describe in depth employees' experiences of a physically burdensome work. Previous research shows that physically strenuous professions are psychologically stimulated by well-being where colleagues in the workplace share a good relationship. Through the interviewees, the conclusions are that the sustainable work environment needs to be a pro motif for the body to physically cope. Sustainable work environment can be achieved through joint commitment, where the employer shall enable ergonomic approaches and the employee will be responsible for following these guidelines. It is later presented with the support of the SwAge model.

Mariestad municipality participated in a global competition to become Volvo’s site for a new lithium-ion battery factory. The competition was between eleven different countries and three different locations in Sweden. Aer declaring Mariestad and the site Korstorp as winners, extensive surveys of the site were initiated during which they did a rare find of the protected species the great crested newt. However, Volvo is still planning on going through with building the factory the way they planned, which implies asphalting an area of 140-150 ha and constructing a box like factory of one or two floors. The newts are now under great threat and will have to be moved in order to make room for the factory. Building battery factories is something we strive for on a global scale, but what happens when global sustainability opposes local? In the example of the battery factory in Mariestad Agenda 2030’s sustainable development goals biodiversity and economic growth seem to be in opposition to each other and here it becomes clear that the value of humans and non-humans are different. How are we to remedy the unequal distribution of power and how can we turn the conflict zone in Korstorp into a zone of diplomacy? The convention of the rights of the child became Swedish law in 2020 and here it is relevant taking a look at article 12, which says; “All children have the right to express their opinions, adults shall listen and consider the children’s opinions”. The children are our future and they have to live with our choices. Building in a sustainable manner implies listening to who will be affected. The society’s measurement of success needs to be altered from economic growth to one which everybody has the right to be part of. To reach that place we have to practice at an early age to think and act in a democratic manner. If children feel as if they have been heard they could come to appreciate democratic processes in which they trust their ability to alter the society and feel obligated towards it. Furthermore, the unlimited imagination of children and the fact that they are not yet indoctrinated in the routines and customs of our society might bring the innovation needed to create a new kind of factory in symbiosis with the local environment.

Syfte: Syftet med studien är att undersöka attityder hos tillverkare av dentala material gentemot hållbarhetsarbete och implementering av mål för hållbar utveckling. Vår utgångspunkt i hållbarhetsarbete stammar från FN:s Agenda 2030, de globala målen för hållbar utveckling. Material och metod: Urvalsprocessen gav 8 företag av vilka 3 valdes ut att ingå i varsin semistrukturerad kvalitativ intervju. Resterande 5 företag tillfrågades att delta i en enkätundersökning och samtliga företags hemsidor inventerades utifrån de tre aspekterna ekonomisk, social och miljömässig hållbarhet samt informationens tillgänglighet. Resultat: Endast ett företag lät sig intervjuas. Svarsfrekvensen för enkäten var noll. Resultatet av hemsidegenomgången visar att 2 av företagen bedriver hållbarhetsarbete utifrån de tre aspekterna ekonomisk, social och miljömässig hållbarhet och att dessa 2 beaktar även vissa av de globala målen för hållbar utveckling, Agenda 2030. Slutsats: Majoriteten av de undersökta zirkoniaproducenterna har inte prioriterat att synliggöra sitt hållbarhetsarbete på sina hemsidor riktade till dentalbranschen och endast två av åtta företag bedriver synligt hållbarhetsarbete. Endast dessa företag visar att de beaktar de tre aspekterna av hållbarhet: ekonomisk, social och miljömässig. / Purpose: The aim of the study is to investigate the attitudes of manufacturers of dental materials towards sustainability and their implementation of sustainable development based on the UN’s global goals for sustainable development, Agenda 2030. Material and methods: The selection process resulted in 8 companies and 3 of them were selected to participate in a semi-structured qualitative interview. The remaining 5 companies were asked to participate in a survey. All companies’ websites were inventoried for the three aspects of sustainability (environmental, social and economic) as well as their searchability. Result: Only one company was interviewed. No one participated in the survey. The result of the website review says that 2 of the companies conduct work with sustainability and these 2 companies also consider some of the global goals for sustainable development, Agenda 2030. Conclusion: The majority of the zirconia producers in the study have not given priority to making their sustainability work visible on their websites aimed at the dental industry, and only two out of eight companies carry out visible sustainability work. Only these two companies show that they consider the three aspects of sustainability: economic, social and environmental.

This essay critically analyzes the implementation of Saudi Arabia's Vision 2030 initiative through a detailed descriptive case study as the methodological framework, employing the Triple Bottom Line (TBL) model as the theoretical basis. The essay delves into the alignment of Vision 2030 with TBL principles, particularly in its influence on economic diversification, social inclusivity, and environmental conservation.  The study incorporated the three dimensions, concluding that Vision 2030 has successfully taken substantial steps in steering the Saudi economy away from its conventional reliance on oil. Socially, Vision 2030 places a significant emphasis on enhancing the quality of life for all Saudi citizens by investing in education, healthcare, and social welfare programs. On the environmental front, Vision 2030 demonstrates a steadfast commitment to sustainability through initiatives that promote renewable energy and environmentally friendly practices. The TBL framework serves as a valuable perspective for assessing the intricate impact of Vision 2030. Through an evaluation of the initiative's advancements in economic diversification, social inclusivity, and environmental preservation, it becomes evident that Vision 2030 is facilitating a more balanced and sustainable developmental trajectory for Saudi Arabia. / <p>My deepest gratitude extends to the individuals who have played a pivotal role in the success of this essay, particularly my unwavering family and cherished friends. Their unwavering support, encouragement, and constructive feedback have been instrumental in shaping my thoughts and refining the essay's content. I am particularly indebted to my esteemed advisor, Abdulelah Al Mutairi, whose guidance, expertise, and unwavering belief in my potential have been invaluable. His insightful suggestions and meticulous attention to detail have elevated the essay to a level I could not have achieved on my own. I am truly grateful for the collective support and encouragement that has made this endeavor possible.</p>

Sustainable development is a topic which is constantly increasing in relevance to reach a well-functioning society from economic, social and environmental aspects. The work for sustainable development can take shape in different ways, including by working towards the fulfillment of the UN’s sustainable development goals (SDG). The SDG’s consist of 17 goals with the intention to be fulfilled by the year 2030. The goals are designed in such a way that all actors in society should have the opportunity to contribute to their fulfillment, for example by integrating them into an organization's activities. However, the SDGs have recently encountered their biggest obstacle since they were established - the Covid-19 pandemic.  The Covid-19 pandemic created chaotic situations characterized by uncertainty and insecurity, which has led to the work towards fulfilling the SDGs reversed direction and shows a negative development. Thus, it becomes important to investigate how an organization should be able to handle a crisis, such as the Covid-19 pandemic, without harming the work with the SDGs. Based on this, the purpose of the study is to examine the impact of crisis management and leadership on sustainability within a public organization. The aim of the study is to examine the achievement of the SDGs in a municipality. This purpose is answered with the help of a case study at Karlstad municipality.  The study is based on two methods, which are interviews and documentary research. Four semi-structured interviews were conducted with employees within Karlstad municipality who work with crisis management, environmental issues and operational management. As a complement to the conducted interviews, the municipality's annual report, strategic plan, guidelines for crisis management, follow-up of the work during the pandemic and a signed climate contract have been reviewed. These data, together with the interviews and with theories such as crisis management, crisis management’s three different phases and leadership, conclusions could be drawn. This study thus states that crisis management without connection to the SDGs risks leading to deprioritization of these in a crisis situation. Here, continuity management becomes an important aspect that can be developed to ensure positive development of the work with the SDGs. Furthermore, the importance of leadership within an organization is highlighted as the responsibility falls on the leaders when it comes to leading the work of the business forward.

2022 is election year in Sweden and at the same time we are approaching year 2030 fast. Because of that, it is of interest to analyze how the Swedish government is communicating Agenda 2030 and the SDGs, with a special focus on climate and the environment, on their official Instagram account and website. This thesis performed with a qualitative content analysis aims to analyze and compare the representation of these subjects with the help of the theoretical framework of critical theory and its critical political economy of media and communication. This allows for a critical analysis of how communication is presented on the different platforms and if the main focuses differ between them. Statistics from Internetstiftelsen (2022) shows how Instagram is the main social platform used by first-time voters and therefore it is of importance to analyze the communication posted there. At the same time the Instagram posts refers to the website in some cases, hence, it is important to analyze the communication published there as well to be able to make an accurate comparison between the platforms.  The collected material consists of articles and Instagram posts that has been coded, thematized and analyzed with the help of software analyze tool. It resulted in an accurate visualization of how large percentage of the coded themes was present in the chosen material. Analyzing the material opened a discussion on how the communication does differ on the two platforms. The communication done on Instagram has a strong focus on what Sweden has done with regards to Agenda 2030 and the SDGs, what they are doing and how well they are performing. Nevertheless, it rarely discusses what Agenda 2030 is, how the SDGs are constructed or what it takes to achieve them. This information can however be found on the website, a platform which is visited less often than Instagram by first-time voters. To increase political interest and knowledge amongst the younger generation, changes in the communication must be done. Otherwise, we might see ourselves in a situation where the interest in making crucial changes decreases and thereby jeopardizes our chances of achieving Agenda 2030.

Currently the Education for sustainable development practices obtain a critical spot in Swedish education, owing to its prominent position in international educational policy. This qualitative analysis, based on the Pragmatism Theory, aims in the first place to investigate in what way Agenda 2030 relate to the Swedish curriculum, and how it has changed between Lgr 11 and Lgr 22. This is assessed by analyzing parts of Lgr 11 and Lgr 22 with a focus on the subjects technology and English. The results show no conspicuous connection between the Agenda 2030 and the Swedish curriculum as well as this connection has not changed between Lgr 11 and Lgr 22. We conclude the paper by discussing that it is difficult to cover the three dimensions of sustainable development (the economic, the social and the environmental.) with only one subject. Therefore, Education for sustainable development requires correlated cooperation between teachers of different subjects in order to develop and enhance the student's knowledge of sustainable development. / I detta arbete har vi identifierat vad hållbar utveckling innebär för undervisning igrundskolan där vi har använt Agenda 2030 som underlag för definition av hållbarutveckling. Med hjälp av definitionen av hållbar utveckling har vi genomfört en kvalitativanalys av Lgr 11 och Lgr 22. I analysen har det framkommit att läraren behöver skapa ettöppet klimat som leder till värderingsdialoger om hur vi kan få till ett hållbart samhälleutan att skuldbelägga. Dock så är diskursen i utbildningsmaterialet åt det motsatta hållet.Det är svårt att som enskild lärare lyckas skapa en skuldfri och mångsidig diskurs för attge eleverna förutsättningar att själva kunna ta ställning och utvecklas. Alla lärare behöverbidra med sina kunskaper och verka för ett öppet klimat, för att eleven skall lyckas.I vår slutsats framgår det svårt att enbart använda sig av ett ämne för att täcka de tredimensionerna (den ekonomiska, den sociala och den miljömässiga,) som omfattas avhållbar utveckling enligt Agenda 2030. I denna analys framgår det tydligt att socialaperspektivet och det miljömässiga perspektivet kan omfattas i hållbar utvecklingen enligtLgr 22, men det kräver ämnesöverskridande utbildning. Dock visar forskningen på att detekonomiska perspektivet inte ryms i läroplanen.