Syftet med detta examensarbete är att få fördjupade kunskaper i hur lärare i årskurs 3 arbetar med muntliga framställningar och hur de stöttar elever med talängslan. Vi har använt en kvalitativ metod som tillvägagångssätt när vi samlat in vårt material. För att samla in vårt resultat har vi intervjuat sex lärare i årskurs 3. I resultatet har det framkommit att de vanligaste metoderna är redovisningar efter ett avslutat ämnesområde, högläsning samt berättande. Lärarna vill få muntliga framställningar till en naturlig del av undervisningen och därför arbetar de mycket med övningar där eleverna får tala utan att vara förberedda. För att eleverna ska utvecklas som talare arbetar de flesta lärarna med respons på olika sätt. Flera av lärarna har stött på elever med talängslan och de har delgett oss flera sätt att stötta dessa elever samt hur de arbetar förebyggande för att skapa ett tryggt klimat. I vår sammanfattande diskussion kommer vi fram till att lärarnas arbetssätt samt deras syn på muntliga framställningar stämmer bra överens med litteraturen som vi lyfter fram i litteraturgenomgången. Vår slutsats blir att alla de lärare vi intervjuat redan under lågstadiet arbetar medvetet och aktivt med muntliga framställningar för att eleverna på sikt ska bli bra talare.

Denna studie görs i samarbete med ett svenskt modeföretag som har upplevt problem med passformen av deras sport-bh:ar i storlekarna L-XL. Problemet som uppstår är att de större storlekarna inte ger tillräckligt med täckning över bysten. Graderingen på sport-bh:arna behövs därför studeras och en fungerande gradering tas fram för att uppnå önskad passform på sport-bh:arna över bysten. Två graderingsmetoder granskas och appliceras på ett mönster från företaget. Prototyper i storlek L och XL sys upp enligt dessa metoder för avprovning och de två resultaten jämförs sedan. Metoden som uppnådde bäst passform utvecklas därefter vidare och en plaggmåttlista med de olika skillnadsmåtten tas därefter fram. Resultatet visade att Johnsons metod uppnådde en bättre passform men att en justering vid axelbanden behövdes göras innan måttlistan kunde sammanställas. / This study was done in collaboration with a Swedish fashion company that has experienced problems with the fit of their sports bra in the sizes L-XL. The problem that arises is that the larger sizes do not provide enough coverage over the bust. The grading on the sports bra is therefore needed to be studied and a functional grading system needs to be produced to achieve the desired fit on the sports bra over the bust. Two grading methods are reviewed and applied to a pattern from the company. Prototypes in size L and XL are sewn according to these methods for fitting and the two results are then compared. The method that achieved the best fit is then developed further and a garment measurement list with the difference measurements is then manufactured. The result showed that Johnson's method achieved a better fit but that an adjustment to the shoulder straps was needed before the measurement list could be compiled.

Syftet med studien har varit att belysa barns perspektiv på kamratkulturer samt inkluderande och exkluderande handlingar. Barn som ingår i en kamratkultur i förskolan blir både inkluderade och exkluderade. Vi har valt att utgå från barns perspektiv då vi upplevt att det finns ett behov att få en inblick i hur barn ser på inkluderande och exkluderande handlingar. Vi har valt att utgå från Corsaros (2015) teori om kamratkulturer med flera olika begrepp kopplade till denna teori. Studien är skriven utifrån en kvalitativ metod med två olika typer av intervjuformer med barn i mindre grupper. Empirin samlades in på två förskolor i Skåne och sammanlagt 20 barn deltog i intervjuerna. Vi genomförde en semistrukturerad intervju utifrån en gestaltning som barnen sedan fick reflektera kring och en ostrukturerad intervju där vi tillsammans med barnen skapade en mindmap om vänskap. Empirin strukturerades upp i teman kopplade till frågeställningarna. Utefter dessa teman är sedan analysen strukturerad.Resultatet från intervjuerna visar att barn talar om flera olika typer av tillträdesstrategier för att bli inkluderade i kamratkulturen men att det är verbala frågor om tillträde som är mest förekommande. Resultatet från intervjuerna visar även att barn framförallt använder sig av fysiskt våld och verbala handlingar för att exkludera andra barn i kamratkulturen. Beroende på om barnen blir exkluderade eller exkluderar upplever de olika typer av känslor. Utifrån ett perspektiv av tolkande reproduktion synliggörs barnens perspektiv på inkluderande och exkluderande handlingar som en reproduktion av vuxenkulturen men även som en produktion av informationen från den vuxna världen. När barnen beskrev en bra kompis framkom det fyra olika teman vid bearbetningen av empirin. Dessa är verbala yttranden, vad man kan göra tillsammans, vad man kan lära sig och lekar vilket kan ses som positivt och inkluderande. När de beskrev en dålig kompis framträdde tre teman vid bearbetningen av empirin vilka var verbala yttranden, strategier att dra sig undan och fysisk våld vilka kan uppfattas som negativa och exkluderande handlingar.

This study examined the key aspects for baby boomers, people born between 1946-1964, interms of restaurant choice and the dining experience. Additionally, it also investigated whether there are differences between men and women in these regards. This was conducted through structured interviews which were analyzed via pie charts, correlation tables, andthematic analysis. The research revealed that the differences between men and women are inmany cases small, although a few aspects showed significant differences. The aspects mosthighly prioritized by the baby boomer generation included the variety of food options, thequality of service, and the restaurant concept when choosing a restaurant. Regarding thepriorities between men and women, the aspect "quality of service" was the highest priority among women, while among men, the aspect of "variety of food options" was of utmost importance.

Motivation har en betydande roll när det kommer till att människor väljer att motionera. Syftet med studien var att se om yngre motionärer mellan 18 och 30 år samt äldre motionärer på 65 år och uppåt motionerar på träningslokaler för samma motivationsfaktorer, samt att se vilken av de fem motivationsfaktorerna (fysiskt, psykiskt, socialt, må bra och yttre faktorer) som är viktigast och även om det finns några könsskillnader. Genom en kvantitativ enkätundersökning har 40 respondenter från två olika träningslokaler i Karlstad, Friskis och svettis samt Livskraft deltagit och resultatet har visat att det inte finns några större skillnader mellan varken åldersgrupperna eller könen i urvalsgruppen. Utöver detta visade resultatet att ”må bra” faktorn var den viktigaste motivationen, tätt följt av den ”psykiska” som bland annat innefattar att klara av stress, bli glad och få bättre självförtroende; samt den ”fysiska” som innebär att man vill förbättra sitt utseende, komma i form och även vill att kroppen ska må bra. Det visar på att hälsa är viktigt för respondenterna, i form av att ”fysiskt” och ”psykiskt” har värderats högt. Resultatet visade även att det inte fanns något samband mellan kön och ålder i förhållande till motivationsfaktorerna samt att ”yttre faktorer” inte är lika relevant för respondenterna som de övriga motivationsfaktorerna. / Motivation plays a significant role when it comes to why people choose to exercise. The aim off the study was to see if young athletes between 18-30 years of age and older athletes of 65 years and older exercise on training facilities for the same motivation factors, and to see which of the five motivation factors (physical, psychological, social, feel good and external factors) is most important, and even if there are any gender differences. Through a quantitative survey 40 respondents from two different training facilities in Karlstad, Friskis och svettis and Livskraft have participated and the results have shown that there are no major differences between either age groups or gender in the selection group. In addition, the results showed that the “feel good”-factor was the main motivation, closely followed by the “psychological” that includes coping with stress, be happy and self-confident; and the “physical” which means that they want to improve their body appearance, getting in shape and also want the body to feel good. This shows that health is important for the respondents; in terms of that “physical” and “psychological” have been valued highly. The results also showed that there were no connection between gender and age in relation to motivation factors and the external factors are not as relevant to the respondents as the other motivational factors.

<p>There are many good reasons to ponder about what it is that makes life worth living. To observe and reflect on what it is that gives a person a good quality of life is arguably the essential core of social-work. The aim of this research was to investigate how 15-year old youths interpret quality of life. The key areas that we explored in order to meet the research aims were: what did the youths interpret as a good quality of life for a 15-year old and for an adult, how did they view their own quality of life, and did they think that the regional context (i.e. if one lives in a big city or in a small town) affects how one interpret quality of life.</p><p>The studywas based on interviews with four boys and four girls. Half of the respondents lived in a suburb of Stockholm and the other half lived in a small country town. A qualitative method was used to interview the respondents individually. The results were analysed by using Brülde´s theories on quality of life. The results show that to a large extent the youths in both areas shared each others values – a loving and supportive family was deemed to be the most important factor for a good quality of life, followed by friendships and recreational-time for young people and job satisfaction for adults. However, the two groups differed in two ways.</p><p>The suburban youths declared that they experienced a lot of school-stress which the small-town youths did not experience. Also, the Stockholm respondents identified several aspects that could make their lives better. In the contrast none of the small town respondents could identify ways to improve their lives. Explanations for these differing responses are explored in the study.</p>

There are many good reasons to ponder about what it is that makes life worth living. To observe and reflect on what it is that gives a person a good quality of life is arguably the essential core of social-work. The aim of this research was to investigate how 15-year old youths interpret quality of life. The key areas that we explored in order to meet the research aims were: what did the youths interpret as a good quality of life for a 15-year old and for an adult, how did they view their own quality of life, and did they think that the regional context (i.e. if one lives in a big city or in a small town) affects how one interpret quality of life. The studywas based on interviews with four boys and four girls. Half of the respondents lived in a suburb of Stockholm and the other half lived in a small country town. A qualitative method was used to interview the respondents individually. The results were analysed by using Brülde´s theories on quality of life. The results show that to a large extent the youths in both areas shared each others values – a loving and supportive family was deemed to be the most important factor for a good quality of life, followed by friendships and recreational-time for young people and job satisfaction for adults. However, the two groups differed in two ways. The suburban youths declared that they experienced a lot of school-stress which the small-town youths did not experience. Also, the Stockholm respondents identified several aspects that could make their lives better. In the contrast none of the small town respondents could identify ways to improve their lives. Explanations for these differing responses are explored in the study.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T14:56:01Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 AllanAAFS.pdf: 1304979 bytes, checksum: 691afb58d42d67dd5158ddcf00b02ce5 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2005-03-22 / This work proposes a kinematic control scheme, using visual feedback for a robot arm with five degrees of freedom. Using computational vision techniques, a method was developed to determine the cartesian 3d position and orientation of the robot arm (pose) using a robot image obtained through a camera. A colored triangular label is disposed on the robot manipulator tool and efficient heuristic rules are used to obtain the vertexes of that label in the image. The tool pose is obtained from those vertexes through numerical methods. A color calibration scheme based in the K-means algorithm was implemented to guarantee the robustness of the vision system in the presence of light variations. The extrinsic camera parameters are computed from the image of four coplanar points whose cartesian 3d coordinates, related to a fixed frame, are known. Two distinct poses of the tool, initial and final, obtained from image, are interpolated to generate a desired trajectory in cartesian space. The error signal in the proposed control scheme consists in the difference between the desired tool pose and the actual tool pose. Gains are applied at the error signal and the signal resulting is mapped in joint incrementals using the pseudoinverse of the manipulator jacobian matrix. These incrementals are applied to the manipulator joints moving the tool to the desired pose / Este trabalho prop?e um esquema de controle cinem?tico, utilizando realimenta??o visual para um bra?o rob?tico com cinco graus de liberdade. Foi desenvolvido um m?todo que utiliza t?cnicas de vis?o computacional, para a determina??o da posi??o e orienta??o cartesiana tridimensional (pose) do bra?o rob?tico a partir da imagem do mesmo fornecida por uma c?mera. Um r?tulo triangular colorido ? disposto sobre a garra do manipulador rob?tico e regras heur?sticas eficientes s?o utilizadas para obter os v?rtices desse r?tulo na imagem. M?todos num?ricos s?o usados para recupera??o da pose da garra a partir desses v?rtices. Um esquema de calibra??o de cores fundamentado no algoritmo K-means foi implementado de modo a garantir a robustez do sistema de vis?o na presen?a de varia??es na ilumina??o. Os par?metros extr?nsecos da c?mera s?o calibrados usando-se quatro pontos coplanares extra?dos da imagem, cujas posi??es no plano cartesiano em rela??o a um referencial fixo s?o conhecidas. Para duas poses distintas da garra, inicial e final, adquiridas atrav?s da imagem, interpola-se uma trajet?ria de refer?ncia em espa?o cartesiano. O esquema de controle proposto possui como sinal de erro a diferen?a entre a pose de refer?ncia e a pose atual da garra. Ap?s a aplica??o de ganhos, o sinal de erro ? mapeado em incrementos de junta utilizando-se a pseudoinversa do jacobiano do manipulador. Esses incrementos s?o aplicados ?s juntas do manipulador, deslocando a garra para a pose de refer?ncia

Submitted by Programa de P?s-Gradua??o Engenharia El?trica (ppgee@ifpb.edu.br) on 2018-04-17T16:59:08Z No. of bitstreams: 1 43- Thamyris da Silva Evangelista - DESENVOLVIMENTO DE SUPERF?CIE SELETIVA EM FREQU?NCIA RECONFIGUR?VEL BASEADA NA GEOMETRIA ESTRELA DE QUATRO BRA?OS PARA APLICA??O EM 2,4 GHz.pdf: 3077852 bytes, checksum: e604c3a3df9471f48941fe95027e6ad2 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Programa de P?s-Gradua??o Engenharia El?trica (ppgee@ifpb.edu.br) on 2018-04-17T17:00:16Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 43- Thamyris da Silva Evangelista - DESENVOLVIMENTO DE SUPERF?CIE SELETIVA EM FREQU?NCIA RECONFIGUR?VEL BASEADA NA GEOMETRIA ESTRELA DE QUATRO BRA?OS PARA APLICA??O EM 2,4 GHz.pdf: 3077852 bytes, checksum: e604c3a3df9471f48941fe95027e6ad2 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-04-17T17:00:16Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 43- Thamyris da Silva Evangelista - DESENVOLVIMENTO DE SUPERF?CIE SELETIVA EM FREQU?NCIA RECONFIGUR?VEL BASEADA NA GEOMETRIA ESTRELA DE QUATRO BRA?OS PARA APLICA??O EM 2,4 GHz.pdf: 3077852 bytes, checksum: e604c3a3df9471f48941fe95027e6ad2 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-03-26 / IFPB / Diante da atual demanda dos sistemas de telecomunica??es, as superf?cies seletivas em frequ?ncia, FSS ativas e passivas, v?m atraindo a aten??o de diversos grupos de pesquisa por suas in?meras aplica??es, tais como: refletores de antena, janelas eficientes, paredes inteligentes, entre outras. Neste cen?rio, neste trabalho ? apresentado o desenvolvimento de uma superf?cie seletiva em frequ?ncia reconfigur?vel baseada na geometria estrela de quatro bra?os para aplica??o na faixa de 2400-2483,5 MHz dos padr?es IEEE 802.11b/g/n (Wi-Fi) e IEEE 802.15 (Bluetooth). Como elemento de comuta??o foi utilizado o diodo PIN. S?o apresentados resultados num?ricos, obtidos utilizando o software comercial ANSYS Designer que se baseia no M?todo dos Momentos, MoM, e resultados experimentais, observando-se uma boa concord?ncia entre os mesmos. No estado ligado (ON), a partir da aplica??o de uma tens?o de V = 1,8 V, a FSS rejeita a faixa de frequ?ncia de 2,4 GHz. Para o estado desligado, (OFF) a FSS deixa de atenuar esta faixa de frequ?ncia. Tamb?m foram realizadas medi??es da intensidade do sinal de Wi-Fi com o aux?lio do software Homedale e os resultados obtidos foram bastante satisfat?rios, confirmando a efici?ncia da geometria proposta.

Equestrian sport is a popular exercise choice for females of all ages, although the links between this exercise choice, health outcomes, and risk to health have not been thoroughly examined. These issues are of particular interest because the female equestrian has the opportunity to ride and/or compete for decades, from early to very late in life, covering almost the full sequence of the female lifespan. Equestrian sports provide physical activity through riding and caring for the horse, and promote positive mental outcomes through tangible practices, such as engaging in physical activity and hard work, goal-setting, acquisition of skills, and participation in a strong community of practice. Equestrianism is an under-researched activity and sport, but increased understanding of female equestrian health and wellness outcomes may contribute to better health and wellness outcomes for female riders. Since equestrian sports participants are predominantly female, with 74% to 80% of the riding population being women, it is important to understand and potentially improve the health and wellness of female riders. This improved understanding may provide their riding careers with increased longevity, comfort, and healthy. It may allow them to enjoy the sport, whatever their age, minimizing or preventing any health issues. A deeper understanding of mental and physical changes from riding will educate and empower women so they are making informed decisions as they ride, talk to their coaches and doctors, and invest in equipment ranging from sport-specific bras to saddles. Manufacturers may also become aware of the potential opportunity to market female-focused products to this community of practice, which has a demonstrated commitment to the horse and accompanying expenditures. Most research is centered on the horse or major equestrian injuries (death, concussion, bone breakage), but it is hypothesized that having an increased understanding of other health issues, ranging from breast, bladder, and groin health to bone density, weight, and body image, may be of great value. The following master’s thesis will review the current literature related to female health as it relates to equestrian sports; report results of a research survey conducted about female equestrian health and wellness, with a focus on breast health and bra use; discuss the survey results; and make recommendations for future research in this area.