This thesis explores how organisations communicate and perform marketing nowadays, with social media platforms at the core of their strategic plan. Due to its high relevancy in B2B, the research is focused on LinkedIn and the effect of its affordances which will help dig deeper into the possibilities of using this particular social media platform as a means to define, build and shape company image and brand identity. It is a qualitative research that was conducted using mixed methods of case study, ethnography and corporate ethnography, where I benefited from my privileged role as a researcher and an employee to gather and use restricted and confidential data and information. This gave the study a broader perspective and, therefore, a better understanding of the phenomena from different focal points. However, knowing the limitations that being professionally involved with the company might bring, I have built my research on extensive literature and framed it within theories of 1. Social Media Marketing, 2. Brand Identity, and 3. LinkedIn Affordances, finding objectivity by justifying my thoughts or personal experiences with existing literature and theories. The study was conducted by gathering all LinkedIn posts after the launch of the company’s new website, considered the greatest event regarding communications. Hence, A total of 59 posts were then analysed and coded into the six main LinkedIn affordances (1. Networking, 2. Building a Connected Identity, 3. Personal and Professional Branding, 4. Professional Knowledge and Skills, 5. Communication and Etiquette, 6. Seeking and Securing Opportunities). The presented empirical data revealed how this case study located in Finland is no exception to the high potential organisations see in social media as part of their marketing and communications strategy and manifests several behaviours and uses explained along the 3. Literature Review, and 4. Theoretical Framework sections.

This study, Life at Skanska, aims to examine how Skanska Sweden portrays gender norms on Instagram, differentiating between their official Swedish account, @skanskasverige, and their employee-driven account, @livetpaskanska. The analysis is based on previous research on gender studies with a focus on male-dominated industries, as well as social media and how companies can use it to their advantage. The method used for the study was a multimodal semiotic analysis and with this method an analysis of five posts from each account was made. To support the analysis theories regarding gender, representation, ambassadorship, and social identity were applied to the study.   The study reveals that there are variations in how gender is represented on both accounts. Most notable being the differences in lexical choices and communications strategies. On the official account, @skanskasverige, there is a variation of images presenting both women and men therefore signifying diverse perspectives. However lexical choices, such as job titles, may partly diminish women’s credibility. In comparison, @livetpaskanska, present a more diverse and inclusive representation of women, which can be a side-effect of it being an employee-driven account. In a comparing analysis of the two accounts the differences between them became clear in how they represent women on the channels. On @livetpaskanska women tend to be more present in the content than on @skanskasverige. The study identifies differences in communication styles, indicating that the employee-driven account prioritizes individual achievements and experiences, while the official account emphasized corporate identity and the company’s values.

Des premières fascinations des graphistes pour les notions de systèmes, en passant par l’introduction des approches liées au « corporate design » et à la « corporate identity », le renforcement progressif du « marketing », puis le basculement vers le « branding » et la mise en valeur artificielle des marques, la recherche rend compte de l’évolution des représentations d’institutions, d’événements et de collectivités publics, entre les années 1970 et 2010. Cette chronologie des approches dominantes est analysée en écho à celle d’une série d’expérimentations personnelles liées à une approche qui se veut plus civique du design et qui permet de penser de réelles méthodes alternatives. En analysant les relations entre identification et identité, est proposé un déplacement du focus des questions de visibilité et de mise en valeur des marques vers des approches qui, à l’aide de langages visuels partagés, placent en leur centre : - l’intelligibilité des structures complexes, - la représentation des pluriels, des évolutions et des relations, - l’intégration au contexte, - la coordination des expressions multiples. / Research documenting the evolution of visual representations of institutions, events and public bodies between 1970 and 2010, from designers’intitial fascination with the concept of « corporate design » and « corporate identity » systems, the progressive reinforcement of « marketing », then the switch to « branding » and the artificial values attached to brands is chronologically analysed through a series of personal experiments related to an intentionally more civic design minded approach that permits the creation of real alternative methods. Analysing the relationship between identification and identity sees a proposed shift in focus concerning brand visibility and enhancement towards approaches that, with the help of shared visual languages, places at the centre – the intelligibility of complex structures – the representation of plurality, trends and relationships, - the integration of context – the coordination of multiple expressions.

During the twentieth century, Cable & Wireless was the world’s biggest and most important telegraphy company, employing large numbers of people in stations across the world. Its network of submarine cables and wireless routes circumnavigated the globe, connecting Britain with the Empire. This thesis examines the ways in which the British Empire and modernity shaped Cable & Wireless’ corporate identity in order to understand the historical geography of the relationships between Empire, state, and modernity. Additionally, it investigates the role of design in the Company’s engagement with the discourses of modernity and imperialism. Historical Geography has not paid sufficient attention to the role of companies, in particular technology companies, as institutions of imperialism and instruments of modernity. The study of businesses within Historical Geography is in its infancy, and this thesis will provide a major contribution to this developing field. This thesis takes an interdisciplinary approach that sits at the intersection of three main disciplines: Historical Geography, Design History and Business History. This thesis examines how Cable & Wireless’ identity was produced, transmitted and consumed. This thesis is based on detailed research in Cable &Wireless’ corporate archive at Porthcurno, examining a wide range of visual and textual sources. This pays particular attention to how the Company designed its corporate identity through maps, posters, ephemera, corporate magazines and exhibitions. Drawing upon the conceptualizations of the Empire as a network, it argues that Cable & Wireless’ identity was networked like its submarine cables with decision-making power, money and identity traversing this network. This thesis seeks to place both the company and the concept of corporate identity within a broader historical and artistic context, tracing the development of both the company’s institutional narrative and the corporate uses of visual technologies. No study has been conducted into the corporate identity and visual culture of Cable & Wireless. This thesis not only provides a new dimension to knowledge and understanding of the historical operations of Cable & Wireless, but also makes a substantive contribution to the wider fields of Historical Geography, Business History, Design History and the study of visual culture.

Frågeställning: Hur bör ett företag i säkerhetsbranschen som verkar på en mogen businessto-business marknad agera för att skapa ett nytt starkt varumärke med hjälp av branding? Syfte: Syftet med rapporten är att analysera vikten av branding och betydelsen av att utformaett starkt varumärke inom business-to-business i säkerhetsbranschen. Rapporten syftar äventill att identifiera strategiska rekommendationer som G4S bör ha i åtanke vid skapandet av sitt nya varumärke. Metod: En fallstudie med induktiv ansats och kvalitativ forskningsmetod har använts vid undersökningen. Datainsamlingen har skett via intervjuer. Resultat, slutsatser: Undersökningen påvisar att branding inom business-to-business är viktigt då vi finner flera aspekter som tyder på att full rationalitet inte verkar på denna marknad. Slutsatser om hur företag på business-to-business marknaden bör arbeta med branding har dragits utifrån ett antal begrepp som vi identifierat. / Research question: How should a company in the security industry, that operates in a mature business-to-business market act to create a new strong brand using branding? Purpose: The report aims to analyze the importance of branding and the importance of designing a strong brand in business-to-business in the security industry. The report also seeks to identify strategic recommendations that G4S should keep in mind when creating their new brand. Methods: A case study with an inductive approach and qualitative research method has been used for this survey. Data has been collected through interviews. Results, conclusions: The survey shows that branding in business-to-business is important as we find several aspects that suggest that full rationality is not present in this market.Conclusions about how companies in business-to-business markets should work with branding has been drawn from a number of concepts that we have identified.

From the 1880s, a new type of designed green space appeared in the industrial landscape in England and the USA - the factory pleasure garden or park. At the same time, industrialists began to enhance their office and factory buildings with landscaping and planting, and some opened allotment gardens for the children of factory workers. The making of gardens and parks around or near office and factory buildings, designed by professionals, was driven by belief in the value of gardens and parks to recruitment and retention of staff, to industrial welfare, and to advertising, corporate identity and public relations. The thesis will show how industrialists appropriated the historical, cultural and metaphorical meanings of gardens in a bid to redefine industry as progressive and responsible and to shift the image of factory labour from unhealthy and exploitative to healthy, caring, respectable and sociable. The thesis will argue that companies employed landscape professionals to contribute to a positive image of industry and industrial development in the suburban or rural landscape, and to harmonise industry and nature. It will show how the factory gardens and parks supported numerous and varied opportunities for outdoor recreation that in some districts would not have been so readily accessible to working people, particularly to women and young people. The thesis will show how companies exploited the social and cultural capital of gardens and recreation space through photography, illustration and film for promotional purposes. It will suggest that although the sporting and other outdoor recreational opportunities at factories were likely to be beneficial to many, the greater value to companies of factory pleasure gardens was in advertising and public relations. The thesis will build on existing research that highlights the valuable contribution of industry to sports and recreation provision in this period. It will also suggest that industry had more influence on gardens and gardening than is currently understood.

Sammanfattning Studiens syfte är att identifiera kundattityder bland genusmedvetna millennials i avsikt att fastställa hur fysiska servicelandskap med unisexkoncept bör utformas. Utifrån denna information formuleras rekommendationer samt tillhörande modell för företag som ämnar integrera det könsneutrala konceptet i sin butiksprofilering. Studien kommer att behandla teorier utifrån kön, genus och unisex, begreppet konsumentbeteende med fokus på attityder, samt fysiska servicelandskap. Studiens metod är av kvantitativ karaktär och det empiriska materialet utgörs av en enkätundersökning med deskriptiv analys. Totalt inkom 312 svar från undersökningens respondenter varav 259 svar ansågs relevanta för studiens ändamål baserat på det etablerade åldersspannet för millennials, vilket i denna studie är konsumenter födda 1980-2000. Valet av millennials som undersökningsobjekt är grundat i att tidigare undersökningar har funnit att millennials är en genusmedveten kundgrupp, vilket innebär att de ställer sig kritiska till den traditionella och stereotypa könssegregeringen. Denna studie kan verka som praktisk grund för företag samt teoretisk grund för forskare till fortsatta studier då den genomgångna teorin samt empiriska datan indikerar på att kundsegmentet ​genusmedvetna millennials har ett intresse för en bredare implementering av unisexkoncept hos företag i klädbranschen. Studien bidrar med underlag till ett ämne väl värt vidare forskning då flertalet tendenser tyder på en förändring i antågande, där millennials är en betydande del av denna strukturförändring i samhället. För att inte förlora framtidens kunder behöver företag skapa sig en förståelse för unisexkonceptets kärna och inse att det inte handlar om att begränsa, utan att öppna upp design. Att göra allt tillåtet för alla. / Summary The purpose of this study is to identify customer attitudes among gender conscious Millennials to establish how physical service landscapes with a gender-neutral concept should be customized. Based on this information recommendations are formulated, accompanied by a model for businesses who intend to integrate a gender-neutral concept with their business profiles. This study will present theories regarding sex, gender and the gender-neutral concept, the consumer behaviour concept with a main focus on attitudes, as well as the physical servicescape. The methodology used in this study is of a quantitative character and the empirical material constitutes of a survey with a descriptive analysis. A total of 312 answers were submitted by the respondents of which 259 answers were relevant for the purpose of the study based on the established age range for Millennials; which in this study is consumers born 1980-2000. The choice of Millennials as the object of interest is based on previous research which has found that Millennials are a ​gender-sensitive ​generation, which means that they have a critical view on traditional and stereotypical gender segregation. This study can act as a physical base for companies and a theoretical base for researchers to further study the subject since the theory and empirical data indicates that the customer segment ​gender conscious Millennials have an interest of further implementation of the gender-neutral concept in companies in the clothing business. This study contributes with a foundation to a subject well worth further research since a multitude of tendencies indicates that a change is coming, where Millennials are a significant part of this structural change in society. So as not to lose the future customers, companies need to create an understanding for the core of the gender-neutral concept and realize that it’s not about limiting, but to open up design. To make everything allowed for everyone.

This diploma thesis called Marketing Communication in a chosen company aims to analyse used marketing communication tools in the selected company and propose changes and recommendations based on the acquired knowledge and results. According to them, the company's target groups of marketing communication will be set and the overall plan of activities for the year 2020 will be compiled in the practical part.

Målet med detta examensarbete var att skapa en grafisk profil till företaget Lyst Form AB som bedriver större delen av sin affärsverksamhet via en hemsida. Företaget säljer handgjorda kläder och accessoarer i lintyg. En teoretisk del i arbetet tar upp hur varumärket kan kommuniceras genom hemsidan. Den grafiska profilen utformades utifrån företagets identitet. Det är viktigt att företaget speglas på ett korrekt sätt. Ett företags identitet kan beskrivas som organisationens själ och den visas utåt i form av bland annat den grafiska profilen. Denna ses därför som en viktig identitetsbärare och den kan kallas för den visuella identiteten. En grafisk profil innehåller bland annat logotyp, profilfärger samt typografi. Företagets målgrupp ansågs vara en viktig del i hela processen eftersom de i slutändan ska tilltalas av den grafiska profilen. Först gjordes en grundlig undersökning och research av företaget för att få en god uppfattning av dess identitet. Även konkurrenterna granskades. En enkätundersökning gjordes för att kunna samla information utifrån målgruppens perspektiv. Denna informationsinsamling gav ett bra underlag och en riktlinje i framtagningen av den grafiska profilen.   Under designprocessens gång diskuterades de logotypförslag som togs fram med hjälp av en sammansatt fokusgrupp. Diskussionen var givande och var till stor nytta i designprocessen. Baserat på den grafiska profilen skapades en layout för hemsidan samt exempel på trycksaker för att visa hur den kan användas. En enklare grafisk manual skapades för att företaget ska kunna synas utåt på ett enhetligt sätt. En sista enkätundersökning gjordes för att se om målet uppnåtts. Resultatet visade att den nya framtagna grafiska profilen var en klar förbättring jämfört mot den nuvarande sett utifrån företagets identitet. I slutändan valde dock företaget en annan logotyp. Detta påvisar svårigheterna i processen att ta fram en grafisk profil. Alla delar i processen är viktiga och undersökningarna är bland annat en av de väsentliga delarna vilka bidrar med en större chans till ett bra slutresultat som tar hänsyn till både företagets och målgruppens åsikter. / The purpose of this thesis was to create a graphic profile for the company Lyst Form AB. The company conducts an e-commerce and is selling handcrafted clothes made in natural material.   A theoretic part in the thesis studies how a brand can communicate on the internet. It’s important that the corporate identity is reflected through the graphic profile. The corporate identity can be explained as the soul of the company and can be seen through all of the graphic material. The graphic profile is a kind of visual identity and it’s containing a logotype, typography and colors for example. Several studies were made to reach the aim with the thesis. The target group of the company was important throughout the whole process. A research began with the company and their competitors. A survey was made by the target group to get their opinion about the company and its design. This information gathering gave a good foundation and a guideline in the development of the graphic profile. During the design process the proposed logos was discussed using a focus group. The discussion was useful in the process. A last survey was made to see if the goal was achieved. The results showed that the newly developed graphic profile was a clear improvement compared to the current from the perspective of corporate identity. The goal of the thesis was achieved.

CIS目前一般譯為企業識別系統，或者稱為企業形象戰略。許多研究認為CIS即企業識別系統是一個社會組織(企業)為了塑造組織(企業)形象，透過統一的視覺識別設計，運用整體傳達溝通系統，將組織(企業)的經營理念、企業文化和企業經營活動的信息傳遞出去，以凸顯組織(企業)的個性和精神，與社會公眾建立雙向溝通的關係，從而使社會公眾產生認同感和共同價值觀的一種戰略性的活動和職能。 本研究之目的即在針對企業識別系統改變過程中有關行銷、推廣傳播此兩方面之手段、工具做一回顧與整理，並對視覺設計與企業理念協同發揮，做一實證的引申。並以類似相關企業做相互對照，希望能找出其間之關聯與比較，藉以收鑑往知來之功，作為後繼有志推動CIS的企業的實務參考。 繼企業識別之外，品牌對於企業而言，不單只是區隔與其他公司的差別，而應為一個企業在消費者心中的形象、承諾、品質、經驗的集合體。 採取的品牌識別與品牌打造行銷策略及其所隱含的思維與目的，是希望將此經驗以系統性的理論架構做出整理，重新詮釋品牌打造計畫，萃取出品牌經營的關鍵因素與策略，並給予其未來計畫建議。 「企業公民責任」，進入21世紀人們對企業的期望，已經不僅僅是解決就業、賺取利潤和繳納稅收的功能，人們更希望企業能有效地承擔起推動社會進步、關心環境和生態、扶助社會弱勢群體、參與社區發展、保障員工權益等一系列社會問題上的責任和義務。對於企業來說，經濟效益固然重要，但同時更應承擔相對的社會責任。一家真正成功的企業，應該在創業的同時心繫社會，擁有強烈的社會責任感。因此要促進社會和諧發展，強化企業的社會責任尤為必要。 在一連串的評比與對照兩家國際級航空公司面臨困境均極為相似的種況之下，在長達十年觀察的各項表現評比，雖互有擅長，但其獲利表現卻呈現極大的差異值得深究，依本研究長期工作所接觸之資訊、親身體驗與近距觀察，公司內部之「企業公民責任」氛圍是一重要關鍵因素，是決定內外部客戶滿意與獲利豐碩與否的重要指標。