The radio industry is fighting to stay relevant in an age of expanding media options. Scholarship has slackened, and media experts say that radio's best days are in the past. This dissertation investigates how today's radio announcer presents him/herself on the air as a personality, creating and performing a self that is meant for mass consumption by a listening audience. A participant observation of eleven different broadcast sites was conducted, backed by interviews with most key on-air personnel at each site. A grounded theory approach was used for data analysis. The resulting theoretical model focuses on the performance itself as the focal point that determines a successful (positive) interaction for personality and listener. Associated processes include narrative formation of the on-air personality, communication that takes place outside of the performance, effects of setting and situation, the role of the listening audience, and the reduction of social distance between personality and listener. The model demonstrates that a personality performed with the intent of being realistic and relatable will be more likely to cement a connection with the listener that leads to repeated listening and ultimately loyalty and fidelity to that personality. The successful deployments of these on-air identities across multiple channels (in-person, online, and through social media as well as broadcast) suggests that the demand for relatable and informative content will persist, regardless of radio's future delivery mechanisms. / Media & Communication

During the year of 2020 the Covid-19 pandemic entailed restrictions that affected Sweden and the world in general. At the request of the Swedish Public Health Agency, Swedish universities were asked to conduct digital distance education. The purpose of this study is to investigate how the attitude to the change from traditional education to distance education among full-time students at Örebro University, can be understood in relation to factors linked to learning. The study also intends to examine whether and how the students experience that their social interaction and sense of coherence has been affected as a result of the change. The results of this qualitative study are based on qualitative interviews with full-time students at Örebro University, who have been involved in the change from traditional education to distance education. Previous research in these subject areas highlight, among other things, the prerequisites for successful distance education, as well as factors that have been found to have an impact on students’ experience of social interaction and sense of coherence. In addition to previous research, the study’s theoretical framework is based on Erving Goffman’s (2014 [1974]) dramaturgical perspective on social interaction and Aaron Antonovsky’s (2005) theory of sense of coherence.The result indicates that the students were predominantly negative about the change, mainly due to the lack of social interaction. The study also shows that the students experienced difficulties within the social interaction during distance education, in terms of impression management, maintenance of traditional norms and the separation between study time and free time. In conclusion, the study shows that the students’ sense of coherence has been affected in various degrees, depending on how they perceive that their sense of comprehensibility, manageability and meaningfulness is met in distance education. / Under år 2020 medförde Covid-19-pandemin restriktioner som påverkade Sverige och världen i stort. På begäran av Folkhälsomyndigheten uppmanades svenska universitet att bedriva digital distansundervisning. Syftet med detta självständiga arbete är att undersöka hur inställningen till förändringen från traditionell undervisning till distansundervisning hos heltidsstudenter vid Örebro Universitet, kan förstås i relation till faktorer kopplat till lärande. Fokus ligger därtill på om och i sådana fall hur studenterna upplever att deras sociala interaktion och känsla av sammanhang har påverkats till följd av förändringen. Denna kvalitativa studie baserar sitt resultat på kvalitativa intervjuer med heltidsstudenter vid Örebro Universitet, som varit med om förändringen från traditionell undervisning till distansundervisning. Tidigare forskning inom dessa ämnesområden belyser bland annat förutsättningar för en lyckad distansundervisning, samt faktorer som har visat sig ha en inverkan på studenters upplevelse av social interaktion och känsla av sammanhang. Utöver tidigare forskning grundas studiens teoretiska ramverk i Erving Goffmans (2014 [1974]) dramaturgiska perspektiv gällande social interaktion samt Aaron Antonovskys (2005) teori om känsla av sammanhang.Resultatet från studien tyder på att studenterna var övervägande negativt inställda till förändringen, främst på grund av avsaknaden av socialt umgänge. Studien visar även att studenterna upplevde svårigheter i den sociala interaktionen vid distansundervisning vad gäller intrycksstyrning, upprätthållning av traditionella normer samt avgränsningen mellan studietid och fritid. Avslutningsvis visar studien att studenternas känsla av sammanhang påverkats i varierande grad, beroende på hur de uppfattar att deras känsla av begriplighet, hanterbarhet samt meningsfullhet tillgodoses vid distansundervisningen.

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During the last decade there has been a major change in the labour market where the work has become more limitless and the number of entrepreneurs has increased. This study analyses how self-employed female accountant experience their personal identity and professional identity. Central questions are the individual experience of the personal- and professional identity, the connection between them and which importance self-employment has for the perceived personal identity. Previous research indicates that there are several separate studies about self-employed, accountant and identity but not in a combination with each other, which lays the foundation for the study's relevance. The theoretical starting points are Erving Goffman's stigma theory and the dramaturgical perspective as well as concepts about the boundless work and identity. The study is based on a qualitative research method in which five semi-structured interviews have been conducted. The results indicate that there is a connection between the personal identity and the professional identity. Besides, it emerged that the role of self-employed has importance for the perceived personal identity. / Under det senaste decenniet har stora förändring skett på arbetsmarknaden där arbetet blivit allt mer gränslöst och antalet egenföretagare ökat i omfattning. Studien undersöker hur egenföretagande kvinnliga redovisningskonsulter upplever sin personliga identitet och yrkesidentitet. Centrala frågor är individens upplevelse av sin personliga- och yrkesidentitet, kopplingen dem emellan samt vilken betydelse egenföretagande har för individens upplevda personliga identitet. Den tidigare forskningen tyder på att det finns ett flertal separata studier om egenföretagare, redovisningskonsulter och identitet men inte i kombination med varandra, vilket ger upphov till studiens relevans. De teoretiska utgångspunkterna är Erving Goffmans stigmateori och det dramaturgiska perspektivet samt begreppen gränslöst arbete och identitet. Studien utgår från en kvalitativ forskningsmetod där fem semistrukturerade intervjuer har genomförts. Studiens resultat visar att det finns en koppling mellan den personliga identiteten och yrkesidentiteten hos urvalsgruppen. Ytterligare framkom det att rollen som egenföretagare har en betydelse för individens upplevda personliga identitet.

Syftet med studien är att få förståelse för socialsekreterares upplevelser av känsloarbete inom den sociala barnavården. Vidare få kunskap om socialsekreterares uppfattningar gällande vilket stöd som deras organisation erbjuder dem när det avser hantering av känslor i arbetet. För att besvara studiens syfte  har semistrukturerade intervjuer genomförts med socialsekreterare som arbetar med barn och unga inom socialtjänsten. Uppsatsens teoretiska utgångspunkter är Arlie Russell Hochschilds teori om emotionellt arbete samt det dramaturgiska perspektivet av Erving Goffman. Vår studies empiri har tolkats med stöd av tematisk analys. Resultatet visar att socialsekreterarna upplever påfrestande känslor i arbetet som oftast är ilska eller ledsamhet. Dessa känslor väcks i samband med deras kontakt med klienter. Därmed behöver socialsekreterarna använda strategier för att kunna reglera sina känslor samt istället uppvisa önskvärda känslor. Detta görs eftersom de upplever att det ingår i deras professionella roll. Strategier som tillämpas till detta ändamål är följande:  förberedelse, ett lågaffektivt förhållningssätt, att visa empati, att tänka på hur ens  kroppsspråk uppfattas och ventilering av sina känslor med kollegor. Resultatet visar även vilket stöd som organisationen erbjuder socialsekreterarna vid hantering av känslor: stöd består av handledning eller att få prata med sin teamledare eller chef. Slutsatsen som kan dras är att organisationens stödinsatser för att hantera känslor behöver vidareutvecklas, där insatser ger socialsekreterare utrymme att ventilera sina känslor i arbetet.

Under senare tid har det kommit många ensamkommande barn till Sverige då de flytt från bland annat krig som pågår i hemlandet. De ensamkommande barnen placeras i HVB-hem, där de erbjuds stöd och omvårdnad. Syftet med denna studie är att utifrån ett emotionellt perspektiv undersöka hur HVB personalen upplever sitt arbete, genom att undersöka hur personalen hanterar och påverkas av emotioner i sitt vardagliga arbete samt undersöka vilka emotionella regler det finns på arbetet. Detta kommer att utföras utifrån en kvalitativ metod, genom halvstrukturerade intervjuer med 4 integrationshandledare och 1 boendestödjare. Fokus kommer ligga på HVB personalens beskrivningar. Materialet från intervjuerna har sammanställts med empiri som jag kommer att tolka. Utifrån utvalda teorier kommer materialet att besvara studiens frågeställningar. De teorier som jag har använt mig främst av i studien är Goffmans teori om det Draugmatiska perspektivet, främre och bakre regionen, Arlie Hochschild teori om det emotionella arbetet samt människobehandlande organisationer och objekts- och subjektspositionen som diskuteras av sociologerna Markus Arvidson och Sara Johansson. Resultatet visar att HVB personalen intar en professionell roll samt hanterar och påverkas av emotioner i sitt arbete. Detta kan bero på de känsloregler som finns i arbetet och deras professionella roll som de intar. / In recent years there have been many unaccompanied children that have fled to Sweden because of the war that’s going on in their home country, for instance. The unaccompanied children are placed in HVB homes, where they are offered support and care. The aim of this study is from an emotional perspective. The study examines how the HVB staff is experiencing their work by exploring how the staff handles and gets affected by emotions in their everyday work and also examines the emotional rules at their workplace. This will be done based on qualitative approach, through semi-structured interviews with 4 integration supervisor and one housing supporter. The focus will be on HVB staffs descriptions. The material from the interviews has been compiled with empirical data that I will interpret, based on the selected theories of the material to answer the study questions. The theories that I have used mainly in the study are Goffman’s theory of the dramaturgical perspective and front- and back region. I have also used Arlie Hochschild´s theory of emotional workand the object and subject position discussed by Markus Arvidson and Sara Johansson. The result shows that the HVB staff occupies a professional role, handling and getting influenced by emotions in their work. This may be due to the emotional rules that exist at work and also because of the professional role they play.

Polisyrkets karaktär kräver att den anställda kan utföra emotionellt arbete för att uppvisa de känslor som stämmer överens med arbetsrollen. Detta medan både befolkningen och brottsligheten ökar i Sverige vilket leder till en ökad arbetsbelastning samtidigt som det fattas ett tusentals poliser. Syftet med studien är därför att undersöka hur poliser i yttre tjänst upplever och hanterar det emotionella arbete de utför. För att besvara studiens syfte utfördes 10 semistrukturerade intervjuer med poliser som arbetat i yttre tjänst inom olika kommuner i Västra Götalands län. Resultatet delades sedan in i två delar, delen om upplevelser visade på att respondenterna både hade en medvetenhet och en avsaknad av medvetenhet gällande emotionellt arbete i olika situationer. Vidare betonas vikten av kollegorna i det arbete de utför. De beskriver även de förväntningar och känsloregler de dagligen förhåller sig till. Delen om upplevelser avslutas med hur synen på det emotionella arbetet utvecklats från då till nu. Delen om hantering visar sedan på hur de anställda får stöd från chefer, ledning och kollegor i form av debriefing och professionella samtal, om det skulle behövas. Här presenteras även andra strategier såsom träning och att ta på sig masken och gå in i yrkesrollen som polis. / The nature of police work requires its employees to perform emotional labour to display the kind of emotions that are consistent with the demands of the job role. All while experiencing an increased workload due to a growing population and an increasing crime rate in combination with a shortage of police officers. This study, therefore, aims to examine how police officers experience and handle emotional labour. Ten semi-structured interviews were conducted with police officers who work in various municipalities within the Västra Götalandregion. The result was divided into two parts, the first one describing experiences. The respondents showed an understanding of certain parts of emotional labour and a lack of understanding regarding other parts of emotional labour. Furthermore, the importance of colleagues in the work the police perform is emphasised. They also describe the expectations and emotional rules they relate to daily. The part regarding experiences ends with the perceived differences of emotional labour then and now. The second part of the results describes how they manage emotional labour with support from managers and colleagues in the form of debriefing and professional help, if needed. Other strategies such as training and stepping into the police role are also presented here.

In the present study, I analyze adolescent girls’ smoking through a unique combination of a quantitative survey of impressions and a theoretical analysis based on new elaborations of Bourdieu’s concept symbolic capital. The method of the study is three-fold. First, focus-group interviews elicit relevant impressions of adolescents in the eyes of peers. Second, a questionnaire survey distributed to adolescent peers quantitatively investigates how impressions of a girl on a picture differ depending on whether or not she has a cigarette. Third, a theoretical analysis based on elaborations of Bourdieu’s theories scrutinizes the results of the questionnaire survey. The results of the questionnaire survey indicate that smoking adolescent girls generate impressions of being significantly less likable, more popular, more conceited, less kind, less shy, more liable to bully, less funny, more deceitful, and less compassionate than non-smoking adolescent girls. In the elaborations of Bourdieu’s theories, I introduce a division of symbolic capital into two forms: symbolic virtue capital, generated through impressions of virtues, and symbolic power capital, generated through intimidating impressions of destructive power. According to the theoretical analysis of the results, smoking adolescent girls have relatively much symbolic power capital but relatively little symbolic virtue capital compared to adolescent girls that do not smoke.

The purpose of this study is to examine the player’s experiences and perspective of the massively multiplayer online role playing game World of Warcraft. This study wants to find out the effects on the players psychological and social well-being through interviewing 10 World of Warcraft players between the ages of 18-32. This has been done through a thematic analysis. The reason behind this study is because a lot of scientific studies and the media has portrayed World of Warcraft players in a negative light where they are described as lone wolfs. This study wants to find out how the players themselves talk about the game and how it has affected their lives. The findings of this study have shown that players describe World of Warcraft as a meaningful occupation where it has given them better confidence, self-awareness, language skills, social skills but also build a social network inside the game. The social interactions that the players have with their friends have given them a platform to be open about their lives but also problems that affect them in the real world. The conclusion of this study is that the picture that a lot of the scientific studies and the media are portraying is a dishonest one. They judge players as single group where they do not look at the bigger picture or through the perspective of the World of Warcraft player.

The aim of this qualitative study is to analyse, based on Erving Goffman's theory the dramaturgical perspective and with a narrative analysis of autobiographies, the configuration of roles by honour exposed women. In order to illuminate and increase the understanding of honour-related violence and oppression from the perspective of honour exposed women. There is a requirement of increased knowledge of honour-related violence and oppression, especially among social workers who need to know how to encounter honour exposed women. In the field of research increased knowledge is needed on an individual level, mainly to make the honour exposed women's perspective visible in social work. The results and analysis of the study shows that the honour exposed women perform with several roles in their family collective and in different public contexts. Moreover, numerous aspects in the roles of the honour exposed women emerge. In addition, the women struggle to seek help from the authorities, perform in roles backstage and the boundaries between front and backstage are ambiguous. Furthermore, the study also clarifies that the phenomenon of honour-related violence and oppression is complex with variative expressions.