Berättelsens huvudpersoner är finansmannen och fågeln som bor i hans trädgård. Världen har blivit fruktansvärt varm och slutet är nära. Men det bekymrar inte finansmannen, han ser ljust på framtiden.  Ett utforskande av animation och illustration med avstamp i vår nya tidsålder antropocen. / A short story about a financial man and a bird living in the Anthropocene. The world has become terribly warm and the end is near. But that doesn't bother the financial man, he takes a bright view of the future. An exploration of animation and illustration that departs from reflections on the Anthropocene.

In my thesis, I work with the connection between the deathanxiety that I felt as a child and the climate anxiety that I feel today. I am probably not alone in looking at death as something abstract and unpleasant, and with the climate crisis around the corner, that feeling has intensified for me. Having the future of humanity fundamentally shaken makes me feel as small as when I was a child and understood how big the universe was when I looked out at the stars one starry night. In my thesis I write about the anthropocene and how man may have used Christianity to justify the exploitation of nature by putting himself above it. I write about how secular man separates himself from his mortality, by separating himself from nature. Through my craft, I want to investigate the relationship between people and nature. I want to let ceramics function as a material manifestation of the duality I experience exists between man and nature. I want to let the material function as a therapeutic mirror where my worries and my feelings, thoughts and ideas are thrown back at me in new formulations. By shaping nature, I hope to be able to examine my own relationship to nature, the inner nature of man and our own mortality, birth and decay.

Uppsatsens ämne är arkitekturens form, och hur den kan ge uttryck för kris. I studien behandlas exempel på samtida arkitektur, med syftet att undersöka hur arkitekturen formmässigt ger uttryck för ett förhållningssätt till klimatkris. Studiens frågeställningar berör hur arkitekturen bygger ett förhållande till betraktare och plats, samt hur arkitekturens strategier och formmässiga uttryck kan förstås i relation till den pågående klimatkrisen. Materialet består av tre objekt i Stockholm, som representerar olika arkitektoniska fält, funktioner och skalor: offentlig plats (Brunkebergstorg), bostad (Fastigheten Stettin 7) och stadsbyggande (Hagastaden). I tolkningen används teori i form av tre nyckelbegrepp: tid, rädsla och landskap, där ett antal texter definierar aspekter av begreppen som är relevanta i relation till arkitektur och form. Resultatet visar hur respektive objekt genom form, organisation och strategier på olika sätt visualiserar ett förhållningssätt till klimatkrisen. Objekten uttrycker aspekter av rädsla genom formuttryck för nostalgi, eskapism och panoptism, där dessa uttryck kopplas till rumslig konservatism, distans, makt, och kontroll. Aspekter av tid uttrycks formmässigt genom begreppen tempo, tidsfigur och ekologisk tid, och relateras till konsumtion, oförutsägbarhet, flexibilitet, bevarande, och en upptagenhet med nuet. Landskap används för att diskutera objektens förhållande till plats, historia, process och förändring.

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Denna uppsats består av en bildanalys av en visuell kampanj bestående av fem bild-par med två bilder var, eller diptyker, skapad av Greenpeace. Genom att granska faktorer som visuellt arbetsminne, symbolisk interaktion, socialisering, retoriska tilltal samt bildspråk och applicera dessa på en visuell kommunikation kan en med större enkelhet se hur dessa arbetar och interagerar. På så sätt får vi veta hur avsändaren kan använda sig av olika kommunikationsmetoder för att förmedla ett budskap likväl som hur mottagaren kan tänkas ta emot och tolka detta. Greenpeace har använt sig av etos, logos och patos för att föra fram sitt budskap, samt en kunskap om sin målgrupps generella socialisering för att tilltala de konnotationer som målgruppen innehar gällande klimatkrisen och dess konsekvenser.Genom att inte inkludera någon text utan istället fokusera på dessa konnotationer och tala till betraktarens intellekt så uppmanar Greenpeace till personlig uppfattning och tolkning. De har även använt sig av starka färger, kontraster och intressanta kompositioner för att fånga åskådarens blick, uppmärksamhet och intresse. / This essay consists of a analysis of a visual campaign consisting of five pairs of images with two images each, so called diptychs, created by Greenpeace. By examining factors like visual working memories, symbolic interaction, socialization, communication methods and visual language and applying these onto a visual communication one could with more ease see how these work and interact. Like this we find out how the sender could make use of different methods of communication to mediate a message as well as how the recipient could come to receive and interpret this. Greenpeace has used ethos, logos and pathos to deliver their message, and a knowledge about their target audiences general socialization to appeal to those connotations that the audience have about the climate crisis and its consequences. By not including a text but instead focus on these connotations and speaking to the observers intellect, Greenpeace calls for personal perception and interpretation. They have also used bright colors, contrasts and interesting compositions to catch the observers eye, attention and interest.

For a long time, the tourism industry has had a high growth rate. This depends, amongst other things, on globalization, increased prosperity and increased leisure time. Nowadays, more and more people across the world has the possibility to travel and explore new places, which has resulted in continuous growth for the industry. Besides the positive aspects that tourism is contributing to, the growing mobility implies a huge impact on the climate. The industry’s carbon emissions are especially a contributing factor to climate change, and the continuous growth is leading to higher unsustainability. When the corona pandemic hit, it paralyzed the global tourism industry, and in Sweden the industry has been amongst the most affected. The whole industry is expected to lose huge amounts of money, and tens of millions of jobs are threatened.  However, the corona pandemic could also be perceived as an opportunity to reset and reconstruct the tourism industry in a more sustainable way. Many of the lessons learned from the pandemic, could also be implemented to handle the climate crisis. Instead of going back to the old strategies that existed before the corona crisis, this could be a moment to reconsider how the industry could convert itself into carbon neutrality. Innovation capability is important for the industry’s recovery from the crisis, and that is why we wanted to investigate whether the tourism industry can benefit from the corona crisis, by creating innovation and converting itself to enable a more sustainable tourism. In order to answer the aim of the study, we conducted a mixed methods research, where we interviewed eight different travel companies in Sweden, whilst also conducting a survey to find out how Swedes travel patterns had changed as a response to both the climate crisis and the pandemic. In the study, approximately half of the respondents stated that they had changed their way of travelling because of the climate crisis, whilst a big majority indicated that they had changed their travel pattern because of the pandemic. On the other hand, half of the respondents stated that they will return to the same travel habits as before the pandemic. Our results also indicate that companies in the tourism industry has a high capability to innovate. Many of the companies in the study described that innovation is a way to survive the corona pandemic, while others instead are biding their time and waits until the crisis is over.  According to the results of the study, companies must create innovation in order to enable increased sustainability, but the work that is being done under the pandemic is mainly being concentrated towards the survival of the company, instead of towards increased sustainability. The sustainable development is driven by both the companies themselves and by market demand, but clear guidelines from authorities does also play an important part in the adaption. The results from the study also indicate that even if there has been a lively climate debate, consumers are still more focused on low prices rather than on more sustainable options, which implies that there is a need for government intervention, since the free market cannot adapt towards sustainability by itself. However, there is still hope that the pandemic will lead to that tourism is changing in a more sustainable way, while others think that the tourism will continue as usual, or even rise more than before. / Turistindustrin har länge haft en hög tillväxttakt, vilket bland annat beror på globalisering, ökat välstånd och ökad fritid. Numera har alltfler människor världen över möjlighet till att resa och uppleva nya platser, vilket lett till att branschen har fortsatt växa. Förutom alla de positiva aspekter som turismen för med sig, så innebär den växande rörligheten en enorm klimatpåverkan. Särskilt betonas industrins koldioxidutsläpp som en bidragande faktor till klimatförändringar, och den fortsatta tillväxten leder till att branschen blir allt mer ohållbar. När coronapandemin slog till, lamslog den hela den globala turistindustrin, och i Sverige är denna bransch en av dem som drabbats hårdast under krisen. Hela industrin förväntas förlora enorma summor pengar, samtidigt som tiotals miljoner jobb är hotade. Coronapandemin skulle dock också kunna uppfattas vara en möjlighet för turistindustrin att starta om och rekonstrueras på ett mer hållbart sätt. Många av de erfarenheter som pandemin fört med sig, skulle också kunna implementeras för att kunna hantera klimatkrisen. Istället för att gå tillbaka till strategierna som förelåg innan coronakrisen, kan detta istället vara ett tillfälle för att fundera över hur industrin ska kunna omvandlas till att bli koldioxidneutral. Innovationsförmågan är viktig för att industrin ska kunna återhämta sig efter krisen, och därför ville vi undersöka huruvida turistindustrin kan dra fördel av coronakrisen, genom att omvandlas och skapa innovation för att möjliggöra en mer hållbar turism. För att besvara syftet med studien utförde vi en flermetodsforskning, där vi intervjuade åtta olika reseföretag i Sverige, samt genomförde en enkätundersökning för att ta reda på hur svenskars resande påverkats av både klimatkrisen och pandemin.  Ungefär hälften av respondenterna i studien uppgav att de förändrat sitt resande på grund av klimatkrisen, medan en stor majoritet angav att de förändrat sitt resmönster på grund av pandemin. Å andra sidan kommer över hälften av respondenterna återgå till samma resvanor som innan pandemin. Våra resultat visar också att företag inom turistbranschen har en hög innovationsförmåga. Många av företagen i studien hävdar att innovation är ett sätt att klara sig genom coronapandemin, medan vissa istället avvaktar och väntar ut krisen.  Enligt resultaten från studien måste företag skapa innovation för att möjliggöra en ökad hållbarhet, men det arbete som utförs under pandemin koncentreras huvudsakligen mot företagens överlevnad, snarare än mot ökad hållbarhet. Hållbarhetsutvecklingen drivs både av företagen själva och av marknadsefterfrågan, men tydliga riktlinjer från myndigheter spelar också en viktig roll i omställningen. Studiens resultat visar även att trots att det förekommit en livlig klimatdebatt, så är konsumenter fortfarande mer fokuserade på låga priser snarare än på hållbarare alternativ, vilket implicerar att det krävs att myndigheter ingriper på grund av att den fria marknaden inte klarar av att ställa om mot ökad hållbarhet på egen hand. Det finns däremot hopp om att pandemin kommer resultera i att turismen förändras på ett mer hållbart sätt, medan andra tror att turismen kommer fortsätta som vanligt eller till och med öka mer än tidigare.

This essay tries to find a possible way for us to deal with the questions concerning climate change by looking into an alternative conception of being. One can speak of the ongoing climate change as a crisis that concerns all of human kind and all beings on earth, but how can we fight it together? The situation demands us to re-think how we humans exist together and among other beings. Despite that the situation calls for instant and radical action, we seem unwilling to do enough. We get stuck on questions about who should take action: is it the politicians or each one alone, or is there something in between? By looking more deeply into the concept of Mitsein as Martin Heidegger depicts it in Being and Time, Jean-Luc Nancy brings to light a possible way past the problematic thought of Heidegger. Nancy shows us in Being Singular Plural that Heideggers exposition on Mitsein is a mere sketch when considering the full potential of the concept. By determining Mitsein as being fundamentally-ontologically originary and anterior to the individuation of Dasein, Nancy opens up a whole new field of thought. According to Nancy, the existential analytic has to begin with something like a ”co-existential analytic”, which will draw the lines for how we exist being-with. With a concept like being singular plural and his way of conceptualizing meaning, Nancy might give us some possible tools to cope with our situation today. Nancys actuality is confirmed by the ecological philosopher Mick Smith, who emphasizes the demand for a new approach towards nature and what it means to be. Smith adds to the essay a glimpse of an emerging philosophical discourse about the thought of an ecological community, where the concept of being singular plural could possibly play a central part.

The contemporary society is in many ways a society of consumers where individuals consume to satisfy their desires at the expense of our world’s health for our future generations. Consumption and a pro-environmental lifestyle have a polarized relationship and research indicates that society needs a change. Consumption should take place in decreased amounts and in a way that emphasizes the environment. Education has proven to have a positive effect on behavioral changes in individuals towards a lifestyle that emphasizes the environment. The aim of this quantitative essay is to study the importance of cultural and economic resources for an environmentally friendly lifestyle. In addition, it examines how environmentally oriented consumption, degree of consumption, consumerism and concern for the environment are in relation to a lifestyle that emphasizes the environment by recycling. The study’s theoretical frame of reference is based on Bauman’s theory of the society of consumers and Bourdieu’s concepts of the social space, capital and habitus. Data material retrieved from the Swedish National Data Service collected for the SOM-Survey 2018 is used and analyzed through univariate, bivariate analysis and multiple regression analyzes. Results show that higher capital, especially cultural, has a positive impact on individual pro-environmental lifestyles. In addition, the individual's environmentally friendly lifestyle increases through positioning such as shopping eco-labeled products, shopping secondhand and through concern for the environment. Shopping more than you can afford turns out to have a negative impact. / Samhället vi lever i idag är på många sätt ett konsumtionssamhälle där individer konsumerar för att mätta sina begär på bekostnad av vår världs hälsa för våra kommande generationer. Konsumtion och en miljöfrämjande livsstil har ett polariserat förhållande och tidigare forskning pekar på att samhället behöver en förändring. Konsumtionen bör ske i minskad volym och på ett sätt som framhåller miljön. Utbildning har visat sig ha en positiv effekt på beteendeförändringar hos individerna mot en livsstil som framhåller miljön. Denna kvantitativa uppsats har som syfte att studera vilken betydelse kulturella och ekonomiska resurser har för en miljöfrämjande livsstil. Därtill undersöks hur miljöinriktad konsumtion, grad av konsumtion, konsumism och oro för miljön står i relation till en livsstil som framhåller miljön genom att återvinna. Undersökningens teoretiska referensram utgår från Baumans teori om konsumtionssamhället samt Bourdieus begrepp det sociala rummet, kapital och habitus. Ett datamaterial som hämtats från Svensk Nationell Datatjänst insamlat till SOM-undersökningen 2018 används och analyseras genom univariat, bivariat analys samt multipla regressionsanalyser. Resultat visar att högre kapital, i synnerhet kulturellt, har ett positivt samband med en miljöfrämjande livsstil. Därtill ökar individens miljöfrämjande livsstil genom positioneringar som att handla kravmärkt, handla secondhand samt genom en oro för miljön. Att handla för mer än man har råd med visar sig ha en negativ påverkan.

This thesis explores how hope in relation to the threats to the earth’s biosphere can be formulated theologically. The starting-point is a questioning of hope raised by the French sociologist and anthropologist Bruno Latour. In Facing Gaia. Eight Lectures on the New Climatic Regime (2015) he asks why so little has happened to reduce the emissions of CO2. Parts of his answers relate to the view that hope is preventing action. Since hope is a central part of Christian doctrine, this study lets Latours scepticism meet some eco-theological litterature, mainly representing evangelical, orthodox and radical material theology, and religious naturalism. Since critic against eschatology is important in Latours explanatory model, this theme is discussed together with the possibilities of the church practices of liturgy and eucharistic celebration, especially in relation to the concept of time and space, the latter elaborated by the radical material theologian Petra Carlsson Redell. Although putting different emphasis on an ultimate eschatological hope, all authors stress the importance of acting now. The evangelical authors Daniel Brunner et al. present a strategy “living as if”, practicing restoration of the Earth here and now. In religious naturalism the hope lies in the common biological ground for all humanity and living things, also leading to a caring ethics. In general, relationality and materiality as well as including marginalized voices are important concepts when the authors are formulating environmental ethics and eco-theology.  The concept of hope is shown to be important to define, in order to sort out especially false hope from a possibly fruitful concept: resilient hope. A resilient hope is grounded in Christian discipleship, is adaptive and able to recover. It is in a reciprocal relation to action. To develop a resilient hope I argue that it is important to allow both desperation and hope, since the free moving between the two “poles” can act liberating and enable action. A resilient hope gives space for scepticism since it is grounded in a reality always on the move. It is open for emergence and construction. Christianity has resources to house the space between hope and despair both in central biblical narratives and in bodily practices as liturgy and eucharist. Resilient hope in this thesis is earthbound, withstands being lost, and arises again and again in search for new constructive possibilities.

The aim of this thesis is to explore how affect theory can contribute to pneumatology in a way that illuminates how it might inspire action regarding the current climate crisis. To do this, this thesis analyses and discusses how feelings could relate to (human) action to combat climate change. This is done through a discussion of how different pneumatologies that describe the Holy Spirit as acting, and as inspiring action in the world, can be further developed through affect theory. The main material used are Matters of Care: Speculative Ethics in More Than Human Worlds (2017) by philosopher of science Maria Puig de la Bellacasa and Grave Attending: A Political Theology for the Unredeemed (2020) by theologian Karen Bray. Several different pneumatological voices, representing the variety of pneumatologies present within the Christian tradition, are used to analyse the main material pneumatologically. The conclusions drawn suggest that the combining of affect theory and pneumatology not only points out the similarity of the traits with which they are commonly associated, but they also suggest that it might be possible – and even necessary – to talk of the Spirit as present also in “negative” feelings such as anger or depression. The Spirit can be understood as present in all affects (even if they appear within capitalist contexts), and also as a rewiring of our relationship to become more attuned to how others (human and non-human alike) actually feel. Care, this thesis suggests, is as a very concrete example of how the Spirit can be seen as materialising through affected actions. The Spirit understood as present through affect could also provide a way of speaking of the Spirit as present in the world, in creation, without making it what gives nature its worth and meaning.