Le lac Alaotra est la plus grande étendue d’eau douce de Madagascar et les vastes plaines qui l’entourent ont tout naturellement attiré les convoitises des différents pouvoirs en place au cours de l’histoire, de sa colonisation. Essentiellement tournée vers la riziculture, cette région a bénéficié de nombreux aménagements qui ont transformé le paysage et le rapport des hommes à leur environnement. La combinaison au fil du temps des savoirs et savoir-faire paysans, techniciens, et l’intérêt des chercheurs en font aujourd’hui « le grenier à riz » de Madagascar. C’est autour de la maîtrise de l’eau, ressource essentielle dans ce pays d’économie rurale, que s’organise cette thèse de Géographie. À travers l’étude des vallées du sud-est de l’Alaotra, nous nous intéressons ici à montrer dans quelle mesure les aménagements hydro-agricoles permettent d’envisager un meilleur développement agricole et territorial et comment, dans un contexte de décentralisation, le contrôle et l’appropriation des ressources naturelles par les acteurs locaux peuvent engendrer des dynamiques et des modalités de gestion renouvelées de leur environnement. / Alaotra lake is the biggest body of fresh water in Madagascar and the vast plains surrounding it, have naturally become highly coveted by the various authorities over the course of it’s history and its colonization. Primarily based on rice cultivation, this region has benefited from numerous rural planning projects. As a result, the landscape as well as the relationship between the people and their land has been transformed. Over time, the combination of knowledges and know-how farmers, technicians and the research interest in this area, have made it Madagascar’s most significant rice granary. This geography thesis is structured around water management, an essential resource in a country based on rural economies. Through the study of the southeastern valleys, we will focus on showing the extent to which the hydro-agricultural planning allows us to consider better agricultural and territorial development and how, in a context of decentralization, the control and the appropriation of natural resources by local actors can lead to renewed management dynamics and procedures in their environment. / Ny farihy Alaotra no fihebanandranomandry lehibe indrindra ao Madagasikara , ary ny tany lemaka midadasika manodidina azy no nanitona ny fitsiriritan’ireo manampahefana nifandimby tao amin’ny tantaran’ny fiorenamponenana.Ny fambolem-bary no votoatim-piainana ao amin’io faritany io , ary fanajariana marobe no efa nanova tanteraka ny endrikin’ny tany sy ny fonenana eo . Ny fandrindrana ny fahalalàna sy fahaiza-miasan’ny tantsaha, ny mahay taozavatra , sy ny finiavan’ny mpikarodalana no nahatonga azy ho « lavabarin’i Madagasikara ». Manodidina ny fanafolahana ny rano , andry ijoroan’ny toekarenan’ny antsaha , no namolavolàna ity tandro-kevitra fandinihantany ity. Avy eo amin’ny fikatsahana natao tao amin’ireo lohasaha ao Atsimo-atsinanan’Alaotra no niaingan’ny sainay hampiseho fa ny fanajariana ny rano sy asatany no hahafahana mihevitra ny fivoaram-bokatra amin’ny voly sy ny faritany ; ary koa ao anatin’ny fitsinjarampitondrana , dia hahitàna fa ny fandinihana sy ny fandraisana an-tanana ireo loharanon-karena velona ataon’ny mpiasa eo antoerana no mety hiteraka fampandrosoana sy fivaozan’ny fitantanana ny toe-ponenana manotolo.

O direito à verdade frente a graves violações de direitos humanos foi criado recentemente e tem um significado jurídico que permanece incerto em diversos aspectos relevantes. As divergências em torno do seu conceito, que ainda está em formação, geram problemas práticos quando se busca tornar esse direito efetivo. A tese analisa a questão que está na base do debate jurídico-dogmático sobre esse direito, a saber, o significado que o termo verdade adquire ao se tornar o seu objeto. É feita uma investigação sobre a forma como este tema é abordado pelos estudos sobre justiça de transição e sobre como se deu a emergência e o desenvolvimento do direito à verdade no direito internacional dos direitos humanos, nas esferas universal e interamericana. O objetivo é, depois, buscar compreender o que, de um ponto de vista teórico, fez com que surgisse na história e no pensamento político-jurídico a necessidade de sua criação e passou a alimentar o esforço para a sua conceituação. Essa análise aponta que a verdade almejada com o direito em estudo tem outras dimensões para além da busca de informações desconhecidas sobre casos individuais de violações a direitos humanos. Como o tema da verdade, sabidamente, é de enorme extensão no campo filosófico, o presente trabalho faz uso de temas de reflexão de Hannah Arendt, que para essa temática tem tido grande repercussão inclusive em sede doutrinária, com o fim de, por meio de um desenvolvimento extensivo, examinar as diferentes dimensões do problema. / The right to the truth concerning gross human rights violations was created recently, and has a legal meaning that remains uncertain in many relevant aspects. The disagreements about its concept, which is still in development, cause practical problems when one tries to make this right effective. The thesis analyses the issue that underlies the legal-dogmatic debate about this right, i.e., the meaning of the term truth when it becomes its object. An investigation is undertaken on how this theme is addressed by studies on transitional justice and also on the emergence and development of the right to the truth in international human rights law, in the universal and in the inter-American systems. The goal is then to try to understand what, from a theoretical point of view, led to the emergence in history and political-legal thought of the need for its creation, and began to feed the effort to its conceptualization. This analysis indicates that the truth sought with the right examined here has dimensions other than the search for unknown information about individual cases of human rights violations. The theme of truth being, as known, a subject of enormous extension in the philosophical field, the present study makes use of topics of reflection by Hannah Arendt, which have had a great repercussion on this subject even in legal dogmatic thought, in order to examine, through an extensive development, the different dimensions of the problem. By doing so, it is intended to shed light on the way the conceptualization of the right to the truth is being consolidated and on the difficulties it faces.

Made available in DSpace on 2015-03-05T17:17:59Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 23 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / A formação de futuros bacharéis em Direito não condiz com a realidade complexa e em constante mutação que se delineia, motivo de preocupações e elucubrações sobre o assunto. Desde a criação dos primeiros cursos jurídicos brasileiros, esses já se encontravam em pretensa “crise”, a qual ainda hoje é incessantemente citada em abordagens descritivas dos mais diversos “sintomas” que resultam em reformas de diretrizes curriculares, que estão muito em voga, almejando, com isto, uma satisfatória adequação do ensino do Direito aos emergentes conflitos sociais. Muito embora tratar de crises e reformas seja necessário, ainda mais se faz premente, a compreensão do contexto e do imaginário social em que estas se inserem. Assim sendo, dentre os mais variados recortes, intentou-se uma abordagem epistemológica e histórica sobre a construção do conhecimento jurídico desde à tradição ocidental do ensino do Direito, alcançando as origens do bacharelismo como determinantes do nosso cenário jurídico nacional. Demonstrou-se a desv / The graduation of future bacharels in Law does not agree with the complex and constant reality that one portrays, reasons for worries and lucubration for the issue. Since the settlement of the first Law Brazilian Courses, those were already in presumed “crisis”, which today is still constantly mentioned in descritives approaches of the most varied summoned “signs” that result in renovating curriculums line of directions, which are very much in season, aiming, by that, a satisfying adjustment of the Law teaching concerning the emerging socials conflicts. Even though dealing with crisis and adjustment are necessary, yet more is made pressing the comprehention of the text and social imaginary in which these one inserts.In such case, among the most varied pieces, one intents an epistemology and historical approach about Law knowledge building from the eastern tradition of the Law Teaching, reaching the ancestry of the bacharelada as determinant in our national legal scenery. One has demonstrated the desentail fr

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-27T16:56:59Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Franciana Carneiro de Castro.pdf: 3142218 bytes, checksum: aaa0e56f371d17c3fc479ebb4a7cb904 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-10-07 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / This study aims at investigating and analyzing the confluence of the professional experience with academic formation, identifying the process of mobilization and resignification of the teaching work of a group of student-teachers who teach Mathematics. Therefore, it is based on a theoretical framework that allows for the analysis of the relationship between formal studies of Mathematics teachers and professional experience, with emphasis on the concepts of formation, work, teaching knowledge, experience and professional development. The methodological process of research is developed on an investigative path that allows the mixed mode of data analysis, i.e. quantitative and qualitative. In the first phase, 43 student-teachers take part as research subject, and in the second, 8 student-teachers. Data collection is done through instruments such as: registration form, questionnaire, interview and materials (report and memorial). Because of this reflection process, it is possible to notice that there was a process of mobilization and resignification of the teacher s work. In fact, the professional experience spread all over the school allowed student-teachers to resignify their professional craft based on academic background. It is expected, thus supporting the deepening of the theme, so that it can better describe the work of the trainerteacher group of professionals from which this researcher is a member and perhaps to provide graduates and students of the Mathematics bachelor degree with a more theoretical support on the pedagogical practice of the Mathematics teacher in the classroom / O presente estudo tem por objetivo investigar e analisar a confluência da experiência profissional com a formação acadêmica, identificando o processo de mobilização e ressignificação do trabalho docente de um grupo de professores que ensinam Matemática. Para tanto, recorre a um referencial teórico que permite analisar a relação entre a formação do professor de Matemática e a experiência profissional, com ênfase nos conceitos de formação, trabalho, saberes docentes, experiência e desenvolvimento profissional. O processo metodológico da pesquisa desenvolve-se em um percurso investigativo que possibilita a modalidade mista de análise dos dados, ou seja, quantitativa e qualitativa. Na primeira fase, participam como sujeitos da pesquisa 43 professores-discentes e, na segunda, oito professores-discentes. A coleta dos dados é feita por meio de instrumentos como: ficha de cadastro, questionário, entrevista e materiais (relatório e memorial). Como resultado desse processo de reflexão, constata-se que houve um processo de mobilização e ressignificação do trabalho docente. De fato, a experiência profissional mobilizada na escola permitiu que professoresdiscentes ressignificassem seu ofício com base na formação acadêmica. Esperase, assim, colaborar com o aprofundamento da temática, a fim de que se possa melhor qualificar o trabalho do professor-formador grupo de profissionais do qual esta pesquisadora faz parte e, quiçá, propiciar aos egressos e discentes da Licenciatura de Matemática mais um aporte teórico sobre o fazer pedagógico do professor de Matemática em sala de aula

Le droit positif français n'est pas en mesure d'offrir une protection aux recettes et créations culinaires. L’Etat, certes, n’est pas insensible à la question. Nonobstant, les mesures existantes ne suffisent pas, tels la mise en valeur du patrimoine culinaire et le droit de l’alimentation. Quant au droit des créations par excellence, le droit de la propriété intellectuelle, il reste étranger à la question. En droit de la propriété littéraire et artistique, les droits d'auteur ne considèrent pas les créations culinaires comme des oeuvres de l'esprit. Seules les créations envisagées sous leurs aspects littéraire ou esthétique peuvent, sous certaines conditions, être prises en compte par ces droits. En droit de la propriété industrielle, le brevet, le dessin et modèle et la marque apparaissent comme des titres protégeant de façon inappropriée les recettes et créations culinaires. Le secret et le savoir-faire constituent, quant à eux, des éléments de protection mais a posteriori seulement. Par conséquent, une évolution des droits d'auteur apparaît nécessaire en réponse aux attentes des métiers de bouche, potentiellement par un revirement de jurisprudence. Qui plus est, il semblerait idéal qu'un système sui generis puisse voir le jour. Dès lors, les créateurs culinaires auraient la possibilité d’utiliser le certificat de création culinaire afin de valoriser leurs recettes et créations culinaires. / There is no protection provided by the French positive law regarding recipes and culinary creations. Nevertheless, the government is working on it. This lack of rights does not allow the development of matters such as culinary heritage and food law. While IP rights are inadequate, copyright law proves few considerations of those creations. In fact, only literary and artistic creations may, in certain circumstances, be taken into account by the copyright law. So, IP rights are not the better way to protect recipes and culinary creations. Secrecy and know-how can be considered as prospective but only retrospectively. Therefore, a change of copyrights law is necessary in response to the expectations of the food business, perhaps by departing from previous case law. The birth of a sui generis legal system will be the best. Therefore

Este trabalho consiste em um estudo antropológico sobre os moradores dos Fundos da Solidão, uma localidade do município de Maquiné, RS. Essa área encontra-se dentro dos limites da Reserva da Biosfera da Mata Atlântica e sua identidade e condições de existência são tensionadas pela prática de uma atividade específica: a coleta de samambaia-preta - que sofre restrições sob ponto de vista da legislação ambiental. Caracteriza-se assim, um grupo social, envolto por um problema que tem conotação ambiental. Reconhecendo o caráter polissêmico do termo ambiental, parte-se do pressuposto de que esse grupo, encontra-se atravessado por ditames gestados por um campo circunscrito como ambiental. Tais ditames, tendo abrangência ampla, atingem esferas sociais diversas, e diante de situações locais específicas, como no caso deste grupo, apresentam-se na forma de conflito e dilemas que evidenciam modos de vida diferenciados e submetidos às condições assimétricas constitutivas da sociedade, transfigurando-se como um problema social. O recorte e a abordagem ocorrem, portanto, sob o horizonte de uma prática especifica, a extração de samambaia-preta, a partir da qual, buscou-se o desvendamento de seu universo social. Nesse percurso, não se buscou apenas, resgatar as práticas sócio-culturais desses extrativistas frente a um processo que tende à sua exclusão social, mas procurou-se uma aproximação a estes sujeitos “em processo” que percebem determinadas mudanças em seu meio ecológico e sócio-político, e que frente às intimações de seu tempo, constituem um devir, através da luta pela permanência de determinadas práticas locais, a adesão a outras práticas sociais e aliança com novos mediadores e interlocutores, tudo isto, num clima de constante conflito e re-acomodações. / This work is an anthropological study on the inhabitants of Fundos da Solidão, locality of the city of Maquiné (Brazil), whose territory are inside of the limits of the Reserva da Biosfera da Mata Atlantica and its identity and life conditions are pressured by the practical one of a specific activity: the Samambaia-preta harvest. This activity is prohibited under point of view of the current forest legislation. We have thus, a social group crossed for environmental questions. Such questions reach diverse social spheres, and in contact with specific local situations, as in the case of this group, results in the conflict form. The clipping and boarding of this group occur, therefore, under the horizon of practical one specify, the Samambaiapreta harvest, from which, your social universe are disclosed. In this situation, one does not only search, to rescue cultural pratices of the these harvesters in front to a process that tends to its social exclusion, but to search an approach to these citizens "in process" that they perceive changes in course in its ecological and social context. In this way, they constitute your future, either through the fight for the permanence of determined local practices and knowledges, the adhesion to social practical others and alliance with new mediators and interlocutors, everything this, in a conflict condition and re-adaptations.

Tese de mestrado. Engenharia de Serviços e Gestão. Faculdade de Engenharia. Universidade do Porto. 2012

La franchise repose sur l’exploitation par le franchisé d’une clientèle attachée à la marque du franchiseur. L’intérêt commun des deux parties dans l’exploitation d’une clientèle justifie les obligations réciproques qui leurs incombent : le franchisé mobilise des moyens financier et humain, tandis que le franchiseur apporte des actifs immatériels. La réalisation d’une œuvre commune justifie également la collaboration et la confiance mutuelle des parties pendant l’exécution du contrat de franchise. On constate toutefois que les parties au contrat de franchise, au-delà de leur intérêt commun, ont chacune des intérêts particuliers. Il n’est dès lors pas étonnant que chacune d’elles cherche à obtenir le plus grand avantage à son seul profit moyennant le plus faible sacrifice.L’approche comparative du rapport d’intérêts entre le franchiseur et le franchisé, sous l’angle du droit français et du droit vietnamien, est riche d’enseignements. Elle permet de comprendre le régime juridique réservé à la franchise dans deux systèmes juridiques qui, malgré leur différence, possèdent de nombreux points communs. / Franchising is based on the exploitation by a franchisee of a clientele associated with the franchisor’s trademark. The common interest of both parties in operating a class of customers justifies their mutual obligations: the franchisee mobilizes financial and human resources while the franchisor brings intangible assets. The implementation of a common work also justifies collaboration and mutual trust among the parties during the carrying out of the agreement.Beside their common interest, each of the franchisor and the franchisees has proper interests. Therefore, it is not astonishing to find that every party tries to obtain the best advantage at the lowest cost.The comparative approach of the relationship between the franchisor and franchised in light of their respective interests, under French Law and Vietnamese Law, is enriching. It enables to go thoroughly into the legal aspects of franchising under two legal systems which, in spite of their difference, have many common points.

AbstractTitle: How does people that meet online communicate? -An qualitativestudy of the media use for individuals that date online.Number of pages: 34Autohor: Malin JanssonTutor: Amelie HössjerCourse: Media and Communication Studies CPeriod: Spring term, January 2010University: Informatics and Media, Media and Communication ScienceUppsala UniversityPurpose/Aim: The aim of this essay is to see if mediea use changesthrogh time in a relationship between individuals that have metonline.Material/Method: Qualitative method with nine interviews divided into two groupsdepending whether the person is an actively dejting online or ifshe has a long term relationship with someone she have metonline.Main results: The use of digital media changes thorugh time in therelationship. The individuals stop using the net dejting whenthey meet someone. The digital medias are stage at the begginingof the relationship. Through time they use a multiple ofdigital medias but they have preferenses and prefers to use thetelephone both when they are communicating positive andnegatvie information.Keywords: Online dating, social penetration, process of getting to knoweachother, communication. Mediaded Communication, face toface communication.

This paper aims to describe and elaborate on a recent discursive change within the new-age movement. Since the seventies and the publishing of speculative popular science books like The Tao of Physics by Fritjof Capra and The self-aware universe by Amit Goswami, the idea that quantum physics resonates with spirituality has become the topic of hundreds of books and movies. The quantum-spiritual discourse has three distinct ways to approach quantum physics in its discussion on spirituality: The parallelistic approach which emphasizes the similarities between eastern philosophies and modern physics, the monistic-idealistic approach which tells us that mind is the foundation of matter and the scientific spiritual approach which tries to explain spiritual claims scientifically. In the quantum-spiritual discourse, quantum physical phenomena (e.g. non-locality and entanglement) are being called upon to validate metaphysical statements. The primary assumption of the discourse is that the shift of paradigm due to the establishment of modern physics also is a shift of paradigm of spirituality. With the object to examine the common claims made in the discourse, cross-references between spiritual arguments and facts of quantum physics are being made. A discussion is held about the probable influence of the historical context, with particular focus on the monistic evolvement during the late nineteenth century.