Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-01T23:38:06Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 tese_11239_Dissertação Bianca - Versão Final 01.11 (1).pdf: 2700538 bytes, checksum: f808b39fc3a9f9166dc53460e40ec009 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-10-27 / A filosofia lean contempla uma variedade de princípios, metodologias e ferramentas de gestão que objetivam eliminar desperdícios por meio da melhoria contínua dos processos e, entregar apenas valor aos clientes. A implantação desta em organizações de serviço ainda se encontra em estágio inicial, principalmente quanto aos portos. Logo, o objetivo geral desta dissertação foi desenvolver um método para a implantação da filosofia lean na gestão portuária, intitulado Lean Port Implementation (LPI). Para isso traçou-se objetivos específicos como: a) explicar a filosofia lean e suas ferramentas; b) apresentar o ramo dos serviços e modelos de aplicação da filosofia lean em indústrias de serviço; c) realizar revisão bibliográfica sobre serviços lean; d) compreender as operações portuárias, o conceito de porto lean e identificar os modelos existentes na implantação da filosofia lean na gestão portuária. Em virtude da ausência de recursos financeiros, humanos e tempo para implantar o método, delimitou-se também como objetivo específico a proposição de um Plano de Implantação do LPI no terminal público do Porto de Vitória- ES. Sendo assim, foram estabelecidas três etapas principais nesta pesquisa sendo a primeira a definição do universo pesquisado (Porto de Vitória- ES), a segunda a proposição do método e a terceira o desenvolvimento de um Plano de Implantação do método LPI. Os resultados previstos foram alcançados e o método LPI apresenta diferenciais significativos. Está estruturado em fases de implantação bem definidas e detalhadas contendo o respectivo foco de atuação, a ação principal e passos a serem realizados, sugestões de ferramentas lean e desafios que podem surgir durante a implantação de cada etapa. Ademais, sugere métricas para medir os processos, e indicadores para monitorar a satisfação dos clientes portuários e as operações gerais do porto, aspectos não contemplados nos modelos identificados na literatura. Desta forma, conclui-se que por ser considerado mais detalhado e completo, facilita o entendimento da autoridade portuária sobre como implantar a filosofia lean minimizando erros e falhas. O método trouxe contribuições para o campo científico, organizações públicas e privadas, clientes portuários e sociedade. / The lean philosophy encompasses a variety of principles, methodologies and management tools that aim to eliminate waste by continuously improving processes and delivering only value to customers. The deployment of this in service organizations is still at an early stage, mainly regarding ports. Therefore, the general objective of this dissertation was to develop a method for the implementation of the lean philosophy in port management, entitled Lean Port Implementation (LPI). For this purpose, specific objectives were established such as: a) explain lean philosophy and its tools; b) present the service branch and application models of lean philosophy in service industries; c) carry out literature review on lean services; d) understand the port operations, the concept of lean port and identify the existing models in the implementation of lean philosophy in port management. Due to the lack of financial resources, human resources and time to implement the method, it was also defined as a specific objective to propose an LPI Implementation Plan in the public terminal of the Port of Vitoria- ES. Thus, three main steps were established in this research, the first being the definition of the universe searched (Port of Vitoria - ES), the second the proposal of the method and the third the development of an Implementation Plan of the LPI method. The expected results were achieved and the LPI method presented significant differentials. It is structured in well-defined and detailed implementation phases containing the respective focus of action, the main action and steps to be carried out, suggestions of lean tools and challenges that may arise during the implementation of each step. In addition, it suggests metrics to measure the processes, and indicators to monitor the satisfaction of the port clients and the general operations of the port, aspects not contemplated in the models identified in the literature. In this way, it is concluded that because it is considered more detailed and complete, it facilitates the understanding of the port authority on how to implement the lean philosophy, minimizing errors and failures. The method brought contributions to the scientific field, public and private organizations, port clients and society

Este estudo analisou o impacto da contratualização na gestão de desempenho (sistemas de mensuração de desempenho e atuação dos gestores) em um hospital público de ensino. O estudo de caso realizado no Hospital das Clinicas da Universidade de São Paulo, localizado em Ribeirão Preto, observou a mudança entre 1995-2012 dos sistemas de mensuração de desempenho (SMD) vigentes no hospital, antes focados no cumprimento do uso dos recursos orçamentários (financial based-type) para um mais voltado para entrega de serviços pactuados (BSC-type). A mudança ocorreu em função da alteração das condições da obtenção dos recursos junto ao governo que em 2005, por meio do Programa de Contratualização Hospitalar, passou a vincular parte da verba destinada ao hospital a seu desempenho (cumprimento de metas de indicadores pactuados). Em resposta, a gestão de desempenho do hospital vem se alterando em duas ordens de atuação dos gestores. Uma ação de primeira ordem dos gestores do hospital foi fazer o desdobramento da contratualização nos SMDs do hospital, propondo novos SMDs e legitimando o uso nas diversas áreas do hospital (topdown). A ação de segunda ordem foi negociar a seleção dos indicadores, metas e respectiva pontuação na formula de repasse de recursos (bottom-up) com os gestores locais do Sistema Único de Saúde - SUS, com objetivo de acomodar as incertezas do repasse de recursos. A interação entre os gestores locais do SUS e os gestores do hospital levou à um entendimento compartilhado sobre a avaliação de desempenho, à medida que devem seguir as regras formais gerais do programa de contratualização. O equilibro convergiu para uma maior preferência por indicadores quantitativos (com menor peso na fórmula de bônus) nos serviços de atenção à saúde, associada ao aumento do peso dos indicadores qualitativos na fórmula de bônus (com uso de metas menos rígidas). Esta condição assegura o alcance das metas pelo hospital e demonstra a atuação proativa dos gestores na pactuação com a fonte de recursos. / This study analyzed the impact of contractualisation on performance management (of performance measurement systems and way of managers take action) in a public teaching hospital. The case study conducted at the Hospital das Clinicas, University of São Paulo at Ribeirão Preto between 1995-2012 observed the change of Performance Measurement Systems - PMSs existing at the hospital, before focused on fulfillment of use of budgetary resources (financial-based type) for a more focused delivery in the agreed services (BSCtype). The change was due to altering the conditions of obtaining funds from the government in 2005, through the Hospital Contractualisation Program, now linking the amount of funds destinated to the hospital in their performance (achievement of goals and indicators agreed). In response, the management of hospital performance has been undergoing changes by two orders of acting of managers. A first-order action of managers of the hospital was doing the unfolding of the contractualisation PMSs in the hospital, proposing new PMSs and legitimating the use in various areas of the hospital (top-down). The action of the second order was to negotiate the selection of indicators, targets and their scores on the formula of allocation of resources (bottom-up) with the local managers of the Unified Health System - SUS, in order to accommodate the uncertainty of funds transfer. The interaction between the SUS\' local managers and the hospitals\' managers has generated a shared understanding about the performance evaluation, as they have to follow the general formal rules imposed by the Contractualisation Program. The equilibrium has converged to a higher preference for quantitative indicators (with a lower weight on the bonus formula) for healthy services, associated with the increasing of qualitative indicators\' weight on the bonus formula (plus more achievable targets usage). These conditions ensure the achievement of goals by the hospital and demonstrate the proactive role from hospitals\' managers during the annual contract review process with the funding source.

Offentliga organisationer har flera krafter som trycker och påverkar deras säkerhetspraktik, dessa är både externa men även interna. För att förstå hur den offentliga organisationen hanterar dessa krafter som kräver öppenhet respektive IT-säkerhet har studien använt sig av kvalitativ datainsamling i form av intervjuer med medarbetare med olika roller inom den offentliga sektorn. Studien har inspirerats av induktion som ansats och utvecklat sitt teoretiska ramverk efter det att empirin färdigställts. Teoretiska begrepp som används i analysen är bland annat det politiska systemet, skugg-IT och Information Security Awareness. Empirin består av intervjuer med personer som är anställda hos en offentlig organisation. Utmaningar för IT-säkerhetspraktiken uppstår i form av syn på utbildning och svårigheten att nå ut till personal som följd av den komplexitet som är inneboende i den offentliga organisationen. Studien ger insyn och förslag på hur detta skulle kunna hanteras för att göra arbetet att upprätthålla säkerheten mer effektiv. Arbetet utmynnar i framtagandet av ett ramverk som visualiserar det förlopp som aktualiseras i studien, där knyts sambandet mellan olika krafter och synpunkter som påverkar varandra. / Public organizations face various forces that exert pressure and influence their security practices, both externally and internally. To understand how public organizations manage these forces, which require both transparency and IT security, this study employed qualitative data collection in the form of interviews with employees in different roles within the public sector. The study was inspired by an inductive approach and developed its theoretical framework after the completion of empirical data gathering. The theoretical concepts used in the analysis include the political system, shadow IT, and Information Security Awareness. The empirical data consists of interviews with individuals employed by a public organization. Challenges for IT security practices arise in the form of differing views on education and the difficulty of reaching personnel due to the inherent complexity of the public organization. The study provides insight and suggestions on how to address these challenges in order to make the task of maintaining security more effective. The work culminates in the development of a framework that visualizes the progression highlighted in the study, establishing connections between the various forces and perspectives that influence one another.

Technological advancement has significantly impacted people and organizations during the last decade. Society is exposed to an increasing rate of cyber-attacks utilizing sophisticated tools to accomplish their objectives. Previously attackers’ primary focus was exploiting technological vulnerabilities to access organizations’ information; however, attackers have shifted their focus to exploiting the vulnerabilities in people’s human nature instead. This has resulted in organizations acknowledging that technical security measures alone are insufficient in providing adequate protection for organizations and need to invest in mitigating the risk people pose to an organization’s cybersecurity. Thus realizing the need to address cybersecurity’s social-technical nature. Organizations have begun implementing cybersecurity awareness-raising initiatives to increase people’s cybersecurity awareness to reduce human-instigated breaches. This is especially crucial for organizations in the public sector to achieve because they tend to produce more destructive and widespread repercussions to society. To provide organizations in the public sector with the means to achieve good cybersecurity awareness, this thesis aims to develop a guideline for managers in large Swedish public organizations to assist them in their complex cybersecurity awareness-raising endeavors. The thesis employs a design science research strategy to develop, evaluate, and validate the guideline with the assistance of cybersecurity awareness experts. The results show six principal factors have been established as significant for raising cybersecurity awareness in large Swedish public organizations. These factors range from user-oriented, managerial, and technical, supporting the assertion that cybersecurity is a complex socio-technical matter. The key contribution of this thesis is to introduce a highly abstract guideline to enhance large Swedish public organizations’ cybersecurity awareness efforts.

Förändring är en del av livet, likaså lärande och hälsa, vilket rimligtvis borde innebära att dessa processer påverkar varandra. Denna studie handlar om hur medarbetare inom en kommunal enhet, vars huvudsakliga uppdrag är att arbeta hälsofrämjande gentemot seniorer, beskriver och upplever dessa tre processer utifrån deras arbetsplatskontext. Syfte: Syftet med studien var därför att utifrån ett hälsopedagogiskt perspektiv undersöka hur medarbetarna beskrev förändring och lärande på enheten samt hur de upplevde att dessa processer påverkade deras hälsa. Metod: Studien utgick från en kvalitativ ansats där fyra fokusgruppsintervjuer användes som datainsamlingsmetod. Urvalet bestod av 12 medarbetare som intervjuades i grupper om fyra. Resultatet analyserades utifrån en kvalitativ innehållsanalys. Resultat: Medarbetarna beskrev att dagens seniorer är mer aktiva samt att arbetet kräver digital kompetens och omvärldsbevakning. De beskrev också att lärandet på enheten främjas av samarbete och en tillåtande atmosfär. Medarbetarna upplevde att deras hälsa främjas av att alla (organisation, chef och medarbetare) tar ansvar för en god arbetsmiljö. Slutsats: Processerna förändring, lärande och hälsa ställer höga krav på en tydlig organisationsstruktur och ett hälsofrämjande ledarskap. För att hantera förändring, samtidigt som lärande och hälsa främjas, är även goda relationer och strategier för dialog och reflektion viktigt. / Change is a part of life, as is learning and health, which should reasonably mean that these processes affect each other. This study is about how employees within a municipal unit, whose main task is to work to promote health towards seniors, describe and experience these three processes based on their workplace context. Aim: The aim of the study was to examine from a health pedagogical perspective how the employees described change and learning at the unit and how they felt that these processes affected their health. Method: The study was based on a qualitative approach where four focus group interviews were used as a data collection method. The sample consisted of 12 employees who were interviewed in groups of four. The results were analyzed on the basis of a qualitative content analysis. Results: The employees described that today's seniors are more active and that the work requires digital competence and external monitoring. They also described that learning at the unit is promoted by cooperation and a permissive atmosphere. The employees felt that their health was promoted by everyone (organization, manager and employees) taking responsibility for a good working environment. Conclusion: The processes of change, learning and health place high demands on a sharply defined organizational structure and health-promoting leadership. Good relationships and strategies for dialogue and reflection are also important in managing change while at the same time promoting learning and health.

The work environment in Activity-based working (ABW) should be adapted based on the needs and activities that the business requires. Employees lack their own place and are expected to move depending on the task. The working method entails flexibility for both the organization and the employees. The development of digitalization in society has contributed to why ABW has become increasingly popular. Implementation procedure is perceived to influence the outcome and acceptance of the working method. The expectations with ABW are that strengthened self-leadership and increased responsibility will promote productivity and efficiency. This study has a qualitative approach and aims to identify factors that influence the design and implementation of ABW in a public organization. With the help of an abductive approach, the results of the study have emerged. The empirical material was collected through three semi-structured interviews and an online survey. Each of the respondents were involved in the transformation process and the implementation of ABW at “Framtidens arbetsplats” in Skellefteå municipality. The study intends to provide a deeper explanation regarding which factors have been prominent and what effects they have led to. The previous research in the subject contributed to the direction of the study and resulted in three main areas: The transformation process, design and custom-built as well as management and control. The empirical material was analyzed and compared against the theoretical frame of reference. The results show that the respondents' experience of ABW varied, but with a predominantly positive response. ABW was implemented to streamline the use of premises, but that was not communicated to the employees. Participation has been expressed as an important factor throughout the process, but it can also be perceived as involuntary and that the concept is forced on the employees. The working method is adapted to the modern mobile generation and can be seen as discriminating against those who are not as receptive. ABW can not only be introduced at the start since it appears that maintaining and updating are important factors. How employees accept the working method largely depends on managers' views and actions and the corporate culture. According to the results trust-based leadership is applied to the “Framtidens arbetsplats”, which is required because controllability decreases with ABW. Weaknesses in design have been identified since it does not meet everyone's needs based on their tasks. To talk undisturbed is a need that has emerged as an important factor, since classified information is part of their work. Social relations in the workplace are expressed as having been strengthened and weakened. Many expressed social distancing as an effect of ABW, which in turn has created a nesting behavior. It appears that work from home is appreciated, which we believe will affect ABW. This is therefore a proposal for research in future studies. / Aktivitetsbaserat arbetssätt (ABW) bygger på att arbetsmiljön är anpassad utifrån de behov och aktiviteter som verksamheten kräver. Medarbetarna saknar egen plats och förväntas förflytta sig beroende på arbetsuppgift. Arbetssättet medför flexibilitet både för organisationen och medarbetarna. Den utvecklade digitaliseringen i samhället har bidragit till att arbetssättet blivit alltmer populärt. Tillvägagångssättet vid implementering upplevs påverka utfallet och acceptansen av arbetssättet. Förväntningarna med ABW är att ett förstärkt självledarskap och ökat ansvarstagande ska främja produktivitet och effektivitet. Studien utgår från en kvalitativ ansats och syftar till att identifiera vilka faktorer som påverkar utformningen och genomförandet av ett aktivitetsbaserat arbetssätt i en offentlig organisation. Med hjälp av ett abduktivt förhållningssätt har studiens resultat vuxit fram. Det empiriska materialet samlades in genom tre semistrukturerade intervjuer samt en enkät. Samtliga respondenter var delaktiga i förändringsprocessen och införandet av ABW på “Framtidens arbetsplats” på Skellefteå kommun. Studien ämnar ge en djupare förklaring till vilka faktorer som varit framträdande och vilka effekter det medfört. Den tidigare forskningen inom ämnet bidrog till studiens riktning och resulterade i tre huvudområden: Förändringsprocessen, design och utformning samt styrning och kontroll. Det empiriska materialet analyserades och jämfördes mot den teoretiska referensramen.  Resultatet visar att respondenternas upplevelse gentemot det aktivitetsbaserade arbetssättet varierade, men med en övervägande positiv respons. Beslutet att implementera ABW var att effektivisera lokalutnyttjandet men det var inte vad som förmedlades till medarbetarna. Delaktigheten har uttryckts som en viktig faktor under hela processen men kan uppfattas som ofrivillig, vilket kan ses som att konceptet pressats ut på medarbetarna. Arbetssättet anpassas till den moderna mobila generationen och kan ses diskriminerade mot den som inte är lika mottaglig. Att arbetssättet underhålls samt hålls aktuellt och inte enbart introduceras vid starten har framkommit som en viktig faktor. Hur medarbetarna anammar arbetssättet beror till stor del på chefers synsätt och agerande samt företagskulturen. Resultatet visar att ett tillitsbaserat ledarskap tillämpas på “Framtidens arbetsplats”, vilket krävs eftersom kontrollbarheten minskar med ABW. Svagheter i utformningen har påvisats då den inte uppfyller allas behov baserat på deras arbetsuppgifter. Behovet att prata ostört är något som framkommit som en viktig faktor, då verksamheten behandlar sekretessbelagda uppgifter. De sociala relationerna på arbetsplatsen uttrycks både ha förstärkts och försvagats. Många påpekar social distansering som en effekt av ABW vilket i sin tur skapat ett ockuperingsbeteende. Det har framkommit att hemarbete uppskattas vilket vi anser kan påverka ABW. Detta är därav ett förslag som kan undersökas i fortsatta studier.

E-government, the use of information and communication technology in public administration, is often presented as a multifaceted reform with powerful transforming potential. E-government currently embodies both hopes of more efficient public administration and fears that an overemphasis on efficiency will neglect the democratic values of public administration. This study sets out to increase the understanding of the relationship between local values in public administration and e-government. It does so by analyzing and comparing the significance of the introduction of public e-services for core values in two Swedish municipal organizations: Botkyrka and Nacka. To be more exact, what happens to local core values when public e-services are implemented? In doing so, the study contributes to research on reforms and their consequences for the function of public administration today and more specifically, to the discussion on “government” in e-government research. A neo-institutional outlook with a special emphasis on core values in processes of continuity and change is used as an explanatory framework. The results of the study show the significance of the local institutional setting in defining the process and outcomes of public e-service implementation. Through a local framing of the policy, key actors within both municipalities perceive e-services as mutually supportive of existing core values, despite fundamental differences in values. Nevertheless, practices in the provision of e-services and the inherent characteristics of the technology reveal a higher level of conflict. These could have implications for local core values and, in the long run, for the view of the role of public organizations and citizens. / SAFe: Säkra offentliga e-tjänster - en fråga om tillit och organisation

Целью данного исследования является определить роль национально-культурных объединений в социально-культурной адаптации мигрантов, прибывающих в Россию из Кыргызстана. Исследование проводилось на примере Кыргызской диаспоры "Кыргызстан-Урал". Работа состоит из введения, трех глав, заключения и списка литературы. В первой главе рассматриваются проблемы социально-культурной адаптации мигрантов в условиях современной России. Во второй главе работы анализируется роль национально-культурных обществ в этих процессах и, в частности, рассматривается деятельность национально-культурного организация «Кыргызстан-Урал». Третья глава работы носит практический характер. Содержание работы изложено на 127 страницах. / The purpose of this study is to determine the role of national and cultural associations in the socio-cultural adaptation of migrants arriving in Russia from Kyrgyzstan. The study was carried out on the example of the Kyrgyz diaspora "Kyrgyzstan-Ural". The work consists of an introduction, three chapters, a conclusion and a bibliography. The first chapter examines the problems of social and cultural adaptation of migrants in the conditions of modern Russia. The second chapter of the work analyzes the role of national-cultural societies in these processes and, in particular, examines the activities of the national-cultural organization "Kyrgyzstan-Ural". The third chapter of the work is practical. The content of the work is presented on 127 pages.

Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-01T23:40:37Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 tese_9076_Dissertacao José Osmar - Configuracoes Identitarias Autarquia Publica.pdf: 1760544 bytes, checksum: a278cecc0eccaaa733fed241ac5e938e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-06-30 / Esta dissertação tem por objetivo compreender como as transformações no contexto da defesa sanitária e inspeção agropecuária entre 1996 e 2014 se relacionam com as configurações identitárias do Idaf manifestadas por gestores nesse contexto. Trata-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa que descreve os processos identitários da organização por um olhar interpretativista, pelo entendimento das relações simbólicas que permeiam essa organização, observados em discursos dos sujeitos. Para coleta dos dados foram utilizadas pesquisa documental e entrevistas semiestruturadas individuais. As entrevistas foram realizadas com cinco sujeitos da organização nos meses de setembro e outubro de 2014. O método de análise foi a Análise de Conteúdo (KRIPPENDORFF, 1990) que busca investigar dados textuais através de técnicas que permitam compreendê-los com seus significados, referências, valorações e intenções. Pretendeu-se contribuir, com esse estudo, para a compreensão da identidade organizacional, em uma organização pública, no contexto da defesa sanitária e inspeção agropecuária. Os resultados permitiram identificar o Idaf como único e distinto de outras organizações e como essa identificação está relacionada às transformações do contexto agropecuário.