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Étude critique de la preuve de l’existence de Dieu du Traité du premier principe de Jean Duns Scot (v.1265-1308)Kaci, Amayes 09 1900 (has links)
Ce mémoire consiste en une étude critique de la démonstration de l’existence d’un premier principe
telle qu’elle est développée par Jean Duns Scot (v.1265-1308) dans les trois premiers chapitres de
son Traité du premier principe. Le présent travail a pour objectif de déterminer, au moyen de
principes et de critères rigoureux, si la preuve avancée par le Docteur Subtil constitue une véritable
démonstration. Pour ce faire, ce mémoire se déploie en trois grandes parties. La première partie
met au jour la méthode employée par Duns Scot dans le traité à l’étude et s’attèle à tracer les
contours des cadres épistémologique et métaphysique scotistes sur lesquels s’appuie l’ensemble de
son argumentation. Puis, la deuxième partie est consacrée à l’exposition générale de la
démonstration scotiste de l’existence d’un premier principe dans les ordres d’efficience, de finalité
et d’éminence. Enfin, la dernière partie correspond à un examen minutieux de l’ensemble de la
preuve scotiste. Chaque argument est alors passé en revue et évalué à l’aune de principes et de
critères clairement établis dans l’introduction de ce mémoire. Au terme de cet examen, il nous sera
alors possible de montrer qu’à défaut de prouver l’existence en acte d’une nature unique qui soit à
la fois cause efficiente première de tout être, fin ultime de toute chose et réalité souverainement
parfaite, Duns Scot parvient tout de même à établir l’existence d’un premier principe de l’être. / This thesis consists in a critical study of Duns Scotus’ demonstration of the existence of a First
Principle as developed in the first three chapters of his book A treatise on God as First Principle.
The objective of this work is to determine, by means of rigorous principles and criteria, whether
the proof advanced by the Subtle Doctor constitutes a true demonstration. The thesis is divided into
three main parts. The first part highlights the method employed by Duns Scotus in the treatise under
study and endeavors to trace the outlines of Scotus’ epistemological and metaphysical frameworks
on which the whole of the argument is based. The second part is devoted to the general exposition
of Duns Scotus’ demonstration of the existence of a first principle in the orders of efficiency,
finality and eminence. Finally, the last part corresponds to a careful examination of the entire proof
of Duns Scotus. Each argument is then reviewed and assessed against the principles and criteria
clearly established in the introduction. At the end of this examination, it will then be possible for
us to show that the demonstration of Duns Scotus failed to prove the actual existence of a unique
nature which is both the first effective cause of all beings, the ultimate end of all things, and a
supremely perfect reality, but nevertheless manages to demonstrate the existence of a first principle
of being.
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Affekt und Wille im Aufbau von Religion: Problemgeschichtliche Bezüge und systematische Aspekte der Lutherdeutung Karl HollsNeugebauer, Georg 19 July 2024 (has links)
Karl Holl’s interpretation of Luther’s concept of religion is based on his
theoretical understanding of will. The research literature has often overlooked
the fact that this foundation itself is based on a theory of emotions. The psychological implications of his interpretation of Luther, which are merely implied
by Holl, can be decoded in the context of contemporary research, in this article
on the basis of work by Hermann Siebeck and Reinhold Seeberg. In this way,
this article systematically highlights the complex structure of Luther’s concept
of religion, as interpreted by Holl, with regard to its conceptual history.
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Syn en nie-syn : die viervoudige verdeling van die werklikheid volgens die Periphyseon van Johannes Scottus EriugenaDe Beer, Wynand Albertus 31 March 2006 (has links)
Text in Afrikaans with summaries in Afrikaans and English / Opsomming
In hierdie verhandeling word die ontologie van Eriugena in oënskou geneem, met spesifieke verwysing na sy negatiewe ontologie, oftewel sy opvatting van nie-syn. Ter inleiding word daar na die Latynse en Griekse agtergrond van sy ontologie verwys. Dit word opgevolg deur `n bespreking van die verskillende wyses van syn en nie-syn waarvan Eriugena in die Periphyseon gebruik maak. Klem word geplaas op sy negatiewe ontologie, wat meer gevorderd is as enigiets in die Westerse denke tot heelwat na sy leeftyd. Die historiese konteks van Eriugena se lewe en denke word geskets, met inbegrip van die invloede wat op hom ingewerk het en sy eie nawerking. Sy viervoudige verdeling van die werklikheid word vervolgens bespreek, met aanduiding hoedat die ganse werklikheid gesien kan word as `n wisselwerking tussen syn en nie-syn. `n Dinamiese ontologie word dus deur Eriugena voorgehou, eerder as die statiese ontologie wat kenmerkend van veel Judaïsties-Christelike denke is.
Summary
In this dissertation the ontology of Eriugena is reviewed, with specific reference to his negative ontology, in other words his concept of non-being. By way of introduction the Latin and Greek background of his ontology is pointed out. It is followed by a discussion of the various modes of being and non-being that Eriugena employs in the Periphyseon. Emphasis is placed on his negative ontology, which is more advanced than anything in Western thought until much later than his time. The historical context of Eriugena's life and thought is sketched, including the influences acting on him and the influence he exerted on others. His fourfold division of reality is then discussed, indicating how the whole of reality can be viewed as an interaction between being and non-being. Eriugena thus postulates a dynamic ontology, rather than the static ontology that is characteristic of much of Judaistic-Christian thought. / Religious Studies and Arabic / M.A. (Religious Studies)
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The metaphysics of dappledness: Charles S. Peirce and Nancy Cartwright on the philosophy of science.Teel, Paul David Wilkinson 12 May 2011 (has links)
Contemporary philosopher of science Nancy Cartwright (b. 1944) has raised many an eyebrow with her books How the Laws of Physics Lie (1983) and The Dappled World (1999), among others. The primary task of this dissertation is to link her philosophy with that of Charles S. Peirce (1839–1914)—a link that includes Duns Scotus. My focus is especially on the criticism Peirce would have of Cartwright, and on the philosophical support he can offer her. The question is this: Given her stated philosophy of science, to what else must Cartwright be philosophically committed? This includes discussions of metaphysics, scholastic realism, laws of nature, and the very possibility of science. There are many striking similarities between Peirce and Cartwright, but I argue that he sees further and deeper into the metaphysical implications of her views on science. / Graduate
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Syn en nie-syn : die viervoudige verdeling van die werklikheid volgens die Periphyseon van Johannes Scottus EriugenaDe Beer, Wynand Albertus 31 March 2006 (has links)
Text in Afrikaans with summaries in Afrikaans and English / Opsomming
In hierdie verhandeling word die ontologie van Eriugena in oënskou geneem, met spesifieke verwysing na sy negatiewe ontologie, oftewel sy opvatting van nie-syn. Ter inleiding word daar na die Latynse en Griekse agtergrond van sy ontologie verwys. Dit word opgevolg deur `n bespreking van die verskillende wyses van syn en nie-syn waarvan Eriugena in die Periphyseon gebruik maak. Klem word geplaas op sy negatiewe ontologie, wat meer gevorderd is as enigiets in die Westerse denke tot heelwat na sy leeftyd. Die historiese konteks van Eriugena se lewe en denke word geskets, met inbegrip van die invloede wat op hom ingewerk het en sy eie nawerking. Sy viervoudige verdeling van die werklikheid word vervolgens bespreek, met aanduiding hoedat die ganse werklikheid gesien kan word as `n wisselwerking tussen syn en nie-syn. `n Dinamiese ontologie word dus deur Eriugena voorgehou, eerder as die statiese ontologie wat kenmerkend van veel Judaïsties-Christelike denke is.
Summary
In this dissertation the ontology of Eriugena is reviewed, with specific reference to his negative ontology, in other words his concept of non-being. By way of introduction the Latin and Greek background of his ontology is pointed out. It is followed by a discussion of the various modes of being and non-being that Eriugena employs in the Periphyseon. Emphasis is placed on his negative ontology, which is more advanced than anything in Western thought until much later than his time. The historical context of Eriugena's life and thought is sketched, including the influences acting on him and the influence he exerted on others. His fourfold division of reality is then discussed, indicating how the whole of reality can be viewed as an interaction between being and non-being. Eriugena thus postulates a dynamic ontology, rather than the static ontology that is characteristic of much of Judaistic-Christian thought. / Religious Studies and Arabic / M.A. (Religious Studies)
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Die teologiese oorsprong van AteismeGreen, Gerhardus Jakobus January 2017 (has links)
Navorsing oor veranderende konsepte van God toon aan dat die oorsprong van ateïsme na die skolastici van die laat-middeleeue teruggevoer kan word. Hierdie ondersoek poog om die verhouding tussen Johannes Duns Scotus se eenduidige konseptualisering van God en die verwerping van God deur moderne ateïste aan te toon. Die verandering van Thomas Aquinas se analogiese teologie na Johannes Duns Scotus se eenduidige ontologiese konseptualisering van God het `n groot invloed op nominalistiese teologie en die moderne realiteitsverstaan gehad. Nominaliste soos William van Occam het hierdie eenduidige konsep van God later kombineer en verder ontwikkel met die gevolg dat God later nie meer ontologiese voorkeur geniet het nie. Waar Aquinas die klem op God se transendensie gelê het, was daar ‘n toenemende neiging om God al hoe meer immanent te verstaan. ʼn God wat op dieselfde wyse as die mens bestaan, word dus ʼn “wese”, ʼn “getemde God”. Scotus en latere nominaliste het God se kwantitatiewe andersheid bo sy kwalitatiewe andersheid beklemtoon. Binne `n akademiese ruimte waarin die waarheid van die Christelike geloof en die outoriteit van die Rooms Katolieke Kerk nie bevraagteken is nie, was die invloed van hierdie teologiese veranderinge klein. Die Reformasie het dit egter verander, en alhoewel dit nie die bedoeling was nie, was die gevolg dat hierdie eenduidige konseptualisering van God deel van moderne teïsme geword het. Duns Scotus se invloed was so groot dat daar ook na hom as die stigter van moderniteit verwys kan word. Na die Reformasie het Descartes se cogito ergo sum daartoe gelei dat die rede alleen as bron van betekenis gegeld het. Hierdie ontwikkeling het voorkeur aan epistemologie bo ontologie gegee. Binne hierdie moderne realiteitsverstaan is daar nie plek vir ʼn eenduidige konseptualisering van God nie. Omdat ateïste juis hierdie konsep van God verwerp, is daar waarde in die bestudering van ateïsme.
Sleutelwoorde: ateïsme, Thomas Aquinas, Johannes Duns Scotus, William van Occam, analogie van syn, eenduidige syn, Descartes, die Reformasie, Amos Funkenstein, Gavin Hyman, Brad Gregory, epistemologie, ontologie, skolastici, nominalisme, moderniteit, moderne teïsme. / Dissertation (MTh)--University of Pretoria, 2017. / Dogmatics and Christian Ethics / MTh / Unrestricted
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Rated M for Monkey: An Ethnographic Study of Parental Information Behavior when Assessing Video Game Content for their ChildrenHarrelson, Diana 05 1900 (has links)
Following the decision by the Supreme Court of the United States in Brown v. Entertainment Merchants Association (2011), which struck down the state of California’s appeal to restrict the sale of games deemed to have “deviant violence” to those 18 or older and the court’s recommendation that parents use the ESRB Ratings System instead, this ethnographic study sought to better understand what parents thought of laws on video games and how they used the recommended ratings system. A total of 30 interviews using semi-structured open-ended questions were conducted and analyzed to reveal what parents thought of laws on video games, how they used the ESRB Ratings System to assess video game content, and what other methods they used for video game content assessment in addition to the ratings system. This research utilized Dervin and Nilan’s (1986) sense-making methodology as a way to learn how parents bridged their knowledge gap when it came to learning about video game content and how they made sense of the knowledge gained to determine the content appropriateness for their children. Analyses of the collected data provided the foundation for a model on the effects of the parent-child relationship on parental information behavior.
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Nycklar från det förflutna : Platonreceptionen inom radikalortodox ontologi, epistemologi och politikWallner, Johan January 2020 (has links)
No description available.
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Imago Dei y Lux Mundi en el siglo XII: La recepción de la teología de la luz en la iconografía del Pantocrátor en CataluñaPuigarnau Torelló, Alfons 01 June 1999 (has links)
En el contexto del siglo XII europeo, se impone la iconografía del Cristo Luz aureolado por una almendra mística, sosteniendo un libro abierto con inscripciones alusivas a una teología de la luz. La proliferación de la iconografía de la Maiestas Domini se produce en el contexto histórico de la reforma litúrgica canóniga agustiniana, cuyo origen se encuentra en san Rufo de Avignon y san Víctor de Marsella. Cataluña, se hace depositaria de la Regla se san Agustín, que propugna un ideal renovado de belleza mística neoplatónica.La llegada al Principado de manuscritos de la Homilía al Prólogo de Juan, escrita por Juan Escoto Eriúgena, es una prueba, en pleno siglo XII, de la relación entre una iconografía teológica de la luz y una tradición neoplatónica originada en el siglo IX en la corte carolingia. El texto de la Vox spiritualis aquilae representa la recepción de la teología de la luz en la iconografía de la Maiestas Domini y, con ella, una nueva forma de representar a Dios, al hombre y al mundo en el arte. / In the 12th century European context, predominates the iconography of Christ placed in a light mystic mandorla holding an open book containing inscriptions concerning a special theology of light.The Maiestas Domini iconography strongly arises together with the historical fact of the agustinian liturgical movement. The so called agustinian canonigas were originally born in saint Ruph of Avignon and saint Victor of Marseille holding the spirituality of the Rule written by saint Agustin himself and later moved into Cataluña renewing his original idea of neoplatonic mystical beauty. The arrival of collections of manuscripts into Catalonia containing the Homily to the Prologus of saint John by Scotus Eriugena is enough to proof the relationship between the theology of light iconography and the neoplatonic traditions originated in the 9th century Carolingian Court. The text of the Vox Spiritualis Aquilae involves a reception of the Theology of light within the Maiestas Domini iconography. It is a new way of representing God, man and world in art.
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Constitution of religious liberty : God, Politics and the First Amendment in Trump's AmericaPiper, Helen January 2018 (has links)
This thesis starts by describing the legal foundation of religious liberty in the United States and the evolvement of the religion clause jurisprudence. Then follows an outline of the main legal theories on religious liberty. It continues to describe a case study conducted on how Americans citizens perceive the protection of their religious liberty. Upon this there is a chapter where the detailed findings from the case study are described in juxtaposition to the relevant jurisprudence and how this can be applied to the overall legal framework protecting religious liberty. The final chapter is a discussion on what conclusions that can be drawn.
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