Swedish pre-school teachers are in the middle of a debate regarding a form of general school competence that today is criticized by mass media. The training and skill development that is used today is an important tool in the development of the organization as well as the people that work in them. This study aims to explain how this training actually is performed and the opinions of the pre-school teachers that actually finish the training. Previous research in this area has primarily been focused at the types of methods that exists from an executive standpoint. This study, instead, aims to shift that focus to the individual worker. As the theoretical background we both apply a general sociocultural perspective as defined by Leontiev, which is supplemented by a motivational and emotional perspective from Illeris three dimensions of learning. The study is based on semi-structured interviews from seven respondents in the public sector. The data that is presented is to be viewed as having qualitative potential, and should be read with that in mind. The results from the study points at several problematic areas where pre-school teachers claim the training to be of lackluster standards. One common theme that can be noticed from most respondents is that different workgroups experience different problems and different advantages. Despite this there are two main areas that heavily affects some situations - the leadership and the degree of individual adaptation. / Svenska förskollärare befinner sig mitt i en debatt kring skolkompetens som idag kritiseras av massmedier. Kompetensutvecklingen som bedrivs existerar idag som ett kraftfullt verktyg för att förbättra såväl organisationen som de människor som arbetar där. Studien ämnar belysa hur denna kompetensutveckling faktiskt går till och vilka åsikter förskollärare har kring den. Tidigare forskning i ämnet fokuserar främst på vilka typer av metoder för kompetensutveckling som existerar ur ett chefsperspektiv. Vi ämnar istället att skifta detta fokus till den individuella arbetstagaren. Som teoretisk bakgrund applicerar vi dels ett allmänt sociokulturellt perspektiv som definierat av Leontiev, vilket kompletteras med ett drivkrafts- och emotionsperspektiv från Illeris tre dimensioner av lärande. Studien är utförd via semistrukturerade intervjuer om sju respondenter i den offentliga sektorn. Den data som presenteras anser vi ha kvalitativ potential och bör därmed tolkas med det som bakgrund. Resultatet pekar på olika problemområden där förskollärare anser kompetensutvecklingen vara bristfällig, men ett gemensamt tema via samtliga respondenter är att olika arbetsgrupper upplever olika problem och olika fördelar. Trots detta existerar det två huvudsakliga faktorer som kraftigt påverkar samtliga situationer, ledarskapet och graden av individuell anpassning.

I ett flertal teorier inom fältet vuxnas lärande, liksom i dokument i specifika skolformer inom svensk vuxenutbildning, ges begreppet reflektion en frontposition i relation till lärande. Begreppet är dock problematiskt i att det har flera olika innebörder som inte nödvändigtvis harmonierar med varandra. Vidare saknar skolformer i utbildningssystemet didaktiska riktlinjer för utformningen av undervisning. Ett spänningsfält kan skönjas här, mellan å ena sidan explicita krav på reflektion i dokument med bäring på specifika skolformers verksamhet, och å andra sidan teoretisk och didaktisk oklarhet kring begreppet reflektion.     Syftet med uppsatsen är att identifiera folkhögskollärares beskrivningar av hur de utformar undervisning för deltagares reflektion. Den kvalitativa metodansatsen är tematisk analys och det empiriska datamaterialet består av intervjuer med sex folkhögskollärare.     Resultaten av analysen gestaltas i fem övergripande teman av beskrivningar: samtal utformas som perspektivvidgning och återkoppling både i det fysiska och virtuella klassrummet; skrivande utformas via chatt eller för hand genom dikt- och brevskrivande eller som textframställningar i linje med olika skrivgenrer. Dessutom som formuleringar i punkt- eller verbform, som skrivstafett eller som reflektion utifrån givna frågor och uppgifter; frågor utformas dels med öppna frågor som inleds med Vad, Hur, Varför, Vilka och Var och dels som ja/nej-frågor; samspel utformas i helgrupp, i smågrupper eller enskilt med läraren; intryck utformas med textbaserade och visuellt baserade material, auditivt och audiovisuellt material, dofter och gemensamma upplevelser. / In several theories within the field of Adult learning, as well as in specific documents in Swedish Adult education, reflection is given a front position in relation to students’ learning. However, the concept of reflection is problematic in that it has various meanings that do not necessarily harmonize. Furthermore, school forms in the educational system lack guidelines for the design of teaching. A conflict can be discerned here. A conflict between, on the one hand, explicit demands on reflection in documents relevant to specific school forms, and, on the other hand, a lack of clarity concerning the theory and design of reflection in teaching. The aim of this paper is to identify Folk High School teachers’ descriptions of how they design teaching to facilitate their students’ reflection. The qualitative method is thematic analysis and the empirical material consists of interviews with six Folk High School teachers. The results of the analysis are illustrated in five overall themes of descriptions; discussion is designed as broadening of perspectives and feedback in the virtual, as well as physical class room; writing is designed as online chat or by hand, with poetry and letter writing or as texts of various genres. In addition/moreover, as expressions in point- or verb form, as “writing relay” or as reflection based on given questions or assignments; questions are partly designed open-ended, beginning with What, How, Why, Who, and Where, and partly as yes-no questions; interaction is designed plenary, in small groups, or individually with the teacher; impressions are designed with text-based and visually-based materials, auditory and audiovisual materials, fragrances, and shared experiences.

The purpose of this study is to examine how pre-school teachers think about the importance of circle time in regard to the child's language and social development from a sociocultural perspective. Furthermore the study will include what role the educators’ have during the circle time. To answer our purpose we have chosen the following question: What is the role of the teachers in the circle time? What are the teacher’s thoughts about the circle time’s importance to children's social development? What are the teacher’s thoughts about the circle time’s importance to children's language development? The study is constructed on qualitative methods, where we conducted structured interviews with six preschool teachers and observed their circle time to collect our empirical material. The study is also based on Vygotsky's sociocultural perspective which says that all learning takes place through relations and interaction with other people in the cultural context you are in. The results have shown that pre-school teachers are aware of the circle time’s importance to children’s development, and purposely plan the circle time to give children the opportunity to develop both socially and linguistically skills.

This paper is a study about outdoor education in pre- school. The main purpose is to look over if outdoor education in pre- school is a restraint or a resource. The study is based on two questionnaires, one to personnel in pre- school and one to parents who have children in pre- school. The study showed that outdoor education is mostly viewed to be a resource but there can be some problems in how to use it. Time, planning and knowledge were problems that were often mentioned by teachers. Parents often thought that outdoor education was important, but they didn’t choose pre- school because of the outdoor education orientation. It showed that location was more important. / Arbetet beskriver utomhuspedagogik i förskolan. Syftet med studien var att se om utomhuspedagogik i förskolan var ett tvång eller en tillgång. Studien är baserad på två enkäter, en till personal på förskolan och en till föräldrar som har barn på förskolan. Resultatet visade att utomhuspedagogik i förskolan oftast var en tillgång, men det fanns problem i hur man använde det. Tid, planering och kunskap var problem som ofta nämndes av lärarna. Föräldrar tyckte oftast att utomhuspedagogik var viktigt,  men de valde inte förskola på grund av utomhuspedagoik som inriktning, läget var viktigare.

本研究方向在探究臺北市公立幼兒園班級共同領導相關因素之研究。本研究方法為文獻分析法、問卷調查法及訪談法，問卷調查樣本以臺北市公立幼兒園教師為研究對象，共441人，樣本回收353份，回收率達80.05%；樣本可用332份，可用率75.28%。研究工具採用自編之「臺北市公立幼兒園班級共同領導調查問卷」。本研究統計方法為描述性統計、t考驗、單因子變異數分析、皮爾森積差相關分析、多元逐步迴歸分析等方法進行深入分析探討。最後，依研究結果進行討論與結論建議。研究主要發現如下： 一、班級共同領導與班級共同教學內涵及其現況： 班級共同領導包括形塑目標、實施協作及班級共同教學；依序為實施協作88.3分、形塑目標87.9分、班級共同教學86分，其中以實施協作獲得分最高。 二、不同背景變項在班級共同領導之差異情形： 研究發現在性別、服務年資、園所所在地區有顯著差異，年齡、最高學歷、園所班級數沒有顯著差異。 三、班級共同領導之相關情形： 班級共同領導與班級共同教學間，呈顯著的高度正相關，班級共同教學各分向度中，以共同討論幼兒的事情，與班級共同領導之相關程度最高。 四、班級共同領導的預測情形： 達成班級共同領導四個預測變項，對整體班級共同教學，具有顯著的預測力。 / The main purpose of this research is to study in the classroom co-leadership relevant factors of public kindergarten in Taipei. The research methods used was literature review, questionnaires investigation, and interview. The research instrument was distributed to 441 kindergarten teachers in Taipei City and 332 valid samples were used in this study.The data obtained was interpreted by using descriptive statistics, t-test, one-way ANOVA, Scheffé posteriori comparison, Pearson’s product-moment correlation and Multiple Regression.This study finds reaches the following results： A. In the aspect of classroom co-leadership: 1. The teacher classroom co-leadership include : (1)Shape classes of common goal. (2)Implementation of the collaborative. (3)Classroom co-teaching. The perception of teachers were above average agreement of the three parts. For teachers, the best dimension is “Implementation of the collaborative” 2. Teachers’ sexual, years of service and location of school have significant influences on the teacher’s class co-leadership. But teachers’ age、highest educational degree and class number not have any significant influences. B.In the aspect of relationships among class co-leadership and classroom co-teaching: 1. There was positive correlation and regression existed among class co-leadership behavior and Reach classroom co-leadership. In the last part, the researcher, based on the findings, proposes some suggestions for the education authorities and the kindergarten teachers, and the future researchers, hoping to benefit the development of kindergarten education in the future.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Missouri-Columbia, 1999. / Typescript. Vita. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 278-291). Also available on the Internet.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Missouri-Columbia, 1999. / Typescript. Vita. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 278-291). Also available on the Internet.

As a high school teacher I took to authoritarian methods in order to give students education and ultimately formation. It was an original force that made me react to chaos and harassment in classroom. In the essay, I examine my own reactions and frustrations in my efforts to create endurable and friendlier environment in class. The discussion is about authority and freedom and to what extent it is reasonable to use authoritarian methods to facilitate for students to reach potential freedom. The conclusion is that methods that can be described as authoritarian are not consistent with modern education, but teachers have to get means and resources to meet all pupils. An other conclusion is that we have to change perspective from the individual teacher to an overall discussion on authority and freedom in high school education. / Uppsatsen utgår från ett exempel där den dagliga samvaron präglas av kaos och trakasserier och där jag som lärare använder mig av auktoritära metoder för att ge elever en möjlighet att klara studierna på gymnasiet. I essäform beskriver jag mina tankar och utmaningar för att skapa ett bättre arbetsklimat i skolklassen. Diskussionen handlar om auktoritet och frihet, om utbildning och bildning och i vilken utsträckning det är rimligt att ta till auktoritära metoder för att ungdomar ska kunna nå sin potentiella frihet. Samhället lägger stort ansvar på enskilda lärare när det gäller att få arbetet att fungera i klassrummet. Min slutsats är att auktoritära metoder inte har en plats i dagens skola men att lärare måste få resurser för att kunna möta alla elever och att frågan om hur vi ska förstå begreppet auktoritet som medel för att elever ska kunna nå sin potentiella frihet bör diskuteras och behandlas inte bara inom skolan utan även i samhället i ett vidare sammanhang.

The purpose of this study was to investigate pre-schooler teachers interpretation and preception of building and construction in technology together with the children. The preschool curriculum states that preschoolers should stive for each child to ''develop their ability to build and construct using differnt techniques, materials and tools'' (Skolverket, 2016, p. 10). To meet answer this purpose, the follwing questions have been the starting point: How do educators interpret the curriculum goal regarding building and construction? And how can the goal be concretized in the activities of the educators? In order to answer the question, interviews have been held at two different preschools with six different legitimized preschool teachers. The results of these interviews show how the pre-schoolers teachers reflected what building and construction were in their activities and what individual preschool teachers perceive is building and construction, how they see their role in involvement in activities is building and construction and the approach to the curriculum goals. The result also takes up the pre-school teachers' thoughts on continuing education on technology in the preschool. / Syftet med denna studie är att undersöka förskollärares tolkning och uppfattning av att bygga och konsturera i teknik tillsammans med barngruppen. Förskolans läroplan skriver att verksamheten ska sträva efter varje barn ska '' utveckla sin förmåga att bygga och konstruera med hjälp av olika tekniker, material och redskap '' (Skolverket, 2016 s.10). För att nå detta syftet har följade frågeställningar varit utgångspunkten: Hur tolkar pedagogerna läroplansmålet rörande, bygg och konsturera? Och hur kan målet konkritiseras i verksamheten enligt pedagogerna? För att besvara frågeställningen har intervjuer skett på två olika förskolor med sex olika legitimerade förskollärare. Resultatet av dessa intervjuer visar hur förskollärarna refelkterar över vad bygg och konstruktion var i deras verksamhet och vad enskilda förskollärare upplever är bygg och konstruktion, hur förskollärarna ser på sin roll vid involveringen under aktiviteter vid bygg och konstruktion samt förhållningsättet till läroplanens mål. Resultatet tar även upp förskollärarnas tankar kring fortutbildning gällande teknik i verksamheten.

The thesis, on the subject of "The ideal nursery-school teacher in the eyes of parents", surveys the perspective of parents of children attending nursery school and investigates their point of view as to what the perfect nursery-school teacher should be like, while taking into consideration the gender of the respondents. The author focuses primarily on the theoretical specification of the nursery-school teacher's personality and professional competence, differentiation of teacher typology, education styles, the concept of authority and the related work agenda and demands connected with practising this profession. She also outlines the scientific discipline of pedeutology and existing research. In the practical section, a quantitative research investigation is made by way of questionnaire. The questionnaire is anonymous so as to protect the anonymity of the respondents. The research sample comprises the parents of children attending nursery school in the town of Písek. The responses reflect the respondents' opinions with respect to their idea of the perfect nursery-school teacher, and will be compared with hypotheses and then analysed. The thesis aims to ascertain the respondents' majority view as to the nursery-teacher ideal, the characteristics they most often want/prefer, the type of teacher (according to the typology in the theoretical section of the thesis) to which these characteristics best correspond, and whether or how ideas about the perfect nursery-school teacher vary.