Global ETD Search

21	Children's Recognition of Pride: An Experimental Approach Garcia, Darren Jason 01 December 2013 (has links) (PDF) Pride is elicited when a child takes credit for an achievement or exceeds a socially valued standard or expectation. Evidence suggests that pride has a distinct nonverbal expression that is recognized by adults across cultures (Tracy & Robins, 2004). Research examining when children recognize pride has yielded age discrepancies between studies that use forced-choice response formats and those that use spontaneous-response formats. Differences in children's ability to use and comprehend language may account for some of these differences. The purpose of this thesis was to examine the age at which children reliably recognize pride, while minimizing the need for children to rely on their linguistic or verbal abilities. The present experiment used an experimental approach to examine when children reliably recognize pride. One hundred forty-four children between the ages of 2.5- and 6.5-years participated in one of three experimental conditions: Exceed Standard, Fail Standard or No Standard. Frequency of pride recognition in the Exceed Standard condition was compared to frequencies of pride recognition in the Fail Standard and No Standard conditions. Results revealed a developmental progression of pride recognition in which children first begin showing nonverbal pride behaviors at about 2.5- to 3.5-years, acquire the ability to apply a label to the nonverbal pride expression between 3.5- and 4.5-years of age, and come to recognize their own emotional experience as pride in an achievement situation between 4.5- and 5.5-years of age. pride emotion self-conscious emotion achievement children recognition facial expressions nonverbal expression preschool attribution age differences Psychology
22	The Structure of Silence: Applying the Theory of Planned Behavior to College Students’ Communication about Sexuality and Sexual Assault Seifert, Jennifer L. January 2016 (has links) No description available. Communication Gender Health Higher Education sexual communication sexual assault theory of planned behavior self-conscious emotions gender sex
23	Proměny tendencí v sebereflexivním vyprávění: kontrastivní studie. / Changing Tendencies in Self-Conscious Narratives: A Contrastive Interpretation Sedláček, Martin January 2017 (has links) Thesis Abstract The present thesis investigates correlations between a selection of metafictional texts and narrative theory. The selection consists in two sets of self-reflexive texts. The first one explores metafictional tendencies in the 17th and 18th century novels. To achieve this, the selection largely ignores their provenience. In addition to Henry Fielding's Tom Jones and Laurence Sterne's Tristram Shandy, it also examines Cervantes's Don Quixote. The latter set of texts focuses on post-War American metafictions (John Barth's Lost in the Funhouse, Donald Barthelme's Snow White, Kurt Vonnegut's Slaughterhouse-Five). These represent a coherent body of works from a particular period. Metafiction is generally understood as fiction about fiction. The present thesis challenges those assumptions and suggests interpreting metafiction within the framework of Michel Foucault's epistemes. Metafiction is not conceived of as a separate genre of literature but in the context of broader cultural tendencies in the understanding of representation. Representation is a key concept in metafiction and the increasing degree of narrative self-awareness is viewed in this light. The thesis emphasizes this contrastive and interdisciplinary approach. The text is divided into five chapters. Chapter one is a theoretical...
24	Negativa självmedvetande-emotioners distinktion : En kvantitativ studie om distinktionen mellan skam, skuld och förödmjukelse i Sverige Wargert, Philip, Staar, Elise January 2021 (has links) Baserat på tidigare studier kan man konstatera att det råder delade meningar om hur negativa självmedvetande-emotioner ses som distinkta separata emotioner och även om emotioner. Denna uppsats syftar till att undersöka om skam, skuld och förödmjukelse kan ses som distinkta separata emotioner genom två forskningsfrågor, om de negativa självmedvetande-emotionerna tydligt skiljer sig från varandra genom sin association till andra emotioner, associerat undvikandebeteende samt upplevelser och om de uppstår i olika distinkta sociala kontexter. De två första forskningsfrågorna framstod endast delvis besvarade eftersom att vi inte fann skillnader mellan de tre emotionerna på samtliga punkter. Syftet anses ändå uppfyllt, resultaten i studien mer för att skillnader finns än att de kan ses som olika termer för samma emotionsupplevelse. Skillnader mellan skam och skuld kunde inte statistiskt fastställas men förödmjukelse framstår tydligare skilja sig från skam och skuld. De viktigaste resultat som hittades genom studien är att förödmjukelse har ett negativt samband till inåtriktad ilska samt att skam endast framstår ha ett positivt samband till utåtriktad ilska genom förödmjukelse (när de upplevs tillsammans). Ytterligare framstod inte externalisering av ansvar kunna förklara sambandet mellan skam och utåtriktad ilska, vilket talar emot att ansvarsexternalisering som försvarsmekanism är en relevant förklaring av skammens association till utåtriktad ilska, något som strider mot tidigare studier. Genom uppsatsen söker vi även att undersöka om tydliga kulturella skillnader framstår i en svensk kontext. Studien gjordes genom en kvantitativ webbenkätstudie med 120 respondenter som till största del bestod av högutbildade och studenter mellan 18 och 35 år, urvalet gjordes genom bekvämlighetsurval. I studien undersöks respondenternas levda erfarenheter av emotionerna skam, skuld och förödmjukelse med fokus på olika aspekter. Studien behandlar analysmetoder som binär logistisk regression, spearmans korrelationstest samt korstabellsanalys med chi2-test. Inga tidigare studier har undersökt emotionerna i en svensk kulturkontext tidigare förödmjukelsens samband till inåtriktad ilska genom levda erfarenheter. Emotions shame guild humiliation specificity of emotions negative self-conscious emotions Emotioner skam skuld förödmjukelse förnedring kränkt emotions specificitet negativa självmedvetande-emotioner Social Psychology Socialpsykologi
25	Handla ultra fast fashion, igen? : - En kvantitativ om konsumentbeteende inom ultra fast fashion / Consume fast fashion, again? : A quantitative study on consumer behavior in ultra fast fashion. Deborg, Julia, Nestserava, Tanja January 2023 (has links) Ultra fast fashion är ett relativt nytt fenomen som definieras som företag som producerar kläder på kort tid och säljer dessa till lågt pris. Snabb förändrade trender i kombination med korta marknadsföringsvägar gör det möjligt för ultra fast fashion att växa. Granskningar har visat inhumana arbetsförhållanden för arbetare på fabriker som tillverkar produkterna och med tanke på att kläderna produceras så snabbt och billigt blir det även stora negativa konsekvenser för miljön. Trots att konsumenter kan känna till detta finns det många som ändå konsumerar ultra fast fashion. Den här studien har studerat konsumtionsbeteenden inom ultra fast fashion för att ta reda på vilka demografiska faktorer som gör att människor handlar ultra fast fashion samt om de har handlat ultra fast fashion tidigare, vad får dem att handla igen. Detta är en kvantitativ studie där data har samlats in genom en enkät. Undersökningen är utformad med demografiska frågor i början och med en betingad fråga i mitten som delar upp respondenterna. Den insamlade datan visar att den demografiska faktorn som gör att man handlar ultra fast fashion är kön då kvinnor visade sig handla ultra fast fashion i större utsträckning än män. Det kan inte sägas säkert att ålder spelar in om man handlar fast fashion eller inte, inte heller hur konsumenternas köpbeteende av ultra fast fashion påverkas av hur miljömedveten man känner sig eller hur hög socioekonomisk status man har. Studien behandlar även konsumentens känsla efter att ha handlat ultra fast fashion samt beslut att handla i framtiden. Det visar sig att det är låg sannolikhet att konsumenten som har handlat ultra fast fashion tidigare handlar ultra fast fashion igen, men vad det beror på kan inte med säkerhet sägas. / Ultra fast fashion is a relatively new phenomenon defined by companies that produce clothes in a short time and sell them at a low price. Rapidly changing trends and short marketing paths allow ultra fast fashion to grow and shorten the production line. Studies have shown inhumane working conditions for workers in factories that manufacture ultra fast fashion products. Long working hours and low wages are just two of many negative aspects. As the garments are not manufactured in a sustainable way and are consumed in abundance, its consumption has a large negative environmental impact. Most consumers are aware of the negative impact on the environment and the poor working conditions for workers, while many continue to consume ultra fast fashion. This study has analyzed ultra fast fashion consumption behaviors to find out which demographic factors make people buy ultra fast fashion and if they have bought ultra fast fashion before, what makes them buy it again. This is a quantitative study where data has been collected through a survey. The survey is designed with demographic questions at the beginning and with a conditional question in the middle that divides the group of respondents. Collected data shows that the demographic factor that makes one buy ultra fast fashion is when women were found to buy ultra fast fashion to a greater extent than men. The age of the consumers is not significantly proven to affect whether the consumer chooses to buy ultra fast fashion or not, neither are the factors environmentally aware or socioeconomic status. The study also deals with the consumer's feelings after shopping ultra fast fashion and decisions to shop in the future. It turns out that there is a low probability that the consumer who has shopped ultra fast fashion before will shop ultra fast fashion again, however there is no sure connection as to what this is due to. consumer behavior ultra fast fashion consumption self-conscious emotions market segmentation konsumentbeteende ultra fast fashion konsumtion självmedvetna känslor marknadssegmentering Business Administration Företagsekonomi
26	A crÃtica da racionalidade tÃcnico-cientÃfica e a formaÃÃo do sujeito autÃnomo em Adorno no contexto da sociedade capitalista ErmÃnio de Sousa Nascimento 00 July 2018 (has links) nÃo hÃ / Esta tese de doutorado considera a crÃtica da racionalidade tÃcnico-cientÃfica e a formaÃÃo do sujeito autÃnomo em Adorno no contexto da sociedade capitalista, com o objetivo de explicitar a dupla funÃÃo da educaÃÃo, no pensamento de Adorno, que se efetiva pelo processo de adaptaÃÃo e de resistÃncia dos indivÃduos Ã realidade socialmente constituÃda. A adaptaÃÃo Ã o estÃgio que integra o indivÃduo ao coletivo social e a resistÃncia se configura pelo desenvolvimento de sua capacidade crÃtica para se contrapor ao que a ele se impÃe. Para atingir nosso objetivo analisamos, principalmente, as obras de Adorno: DialÃtica negativa (2009), DialÃtica do esclarecimento (1985), EducaÃÃo e emancipaÃÃo (1995) e Teoria da semicultura (1996). Nessa perspectiva, desenvolvemos a tese com base na racionalidade reflexiva e a racionalidade tÃcnico-cientÃfica. Pela primeira racionalidade se tem a autonomia intelectual do sujeito, mas desvinculada da realidade concreta, a sua subjetividade se efetiva sem as mediaÃÃes histÃricas, Ã constituÃda de forma abstrata. No caso da segunda racionalidade, na proporÃÃo em que o homem se apropria do saber cientÃfico, menos autonomia ele tem para se conduzir na vida e promover a emancipaÃÃo humana. Essa questÃo Ã reforÃada pelo processo educacional, agenciado pelo sistema capitalista, para adaptar o sujeito ao padrÃo de comportamento que Ã conveniente Ã sua conservaÃÃo. Nele, a cultura se converte em semicultura e a formaÃÃo em semiformaÃÃo, impedindo ao sujeito de se apropriar da cultura para pensar de forma crÃtica e se contrapor Ãquilo que o oprime. Para Adorno, nÃo hÃ autonomia do sujeito sem o exercÃcio da reflexÃo crÃtica e nem emancipaÃÃo humana enquanto os indivÃduos nÃo recuperarem as suas particularidades. Para isto, ele concebe a educaÃÃo em duas dimensÃes: ela serve para adaptaÃÃo dos indivÃduos Ã coletividade social e como resistÃncia a toda forma de dominaÃÃo. Fazendo uso da dialÃtica negativa, o desafio da educaÃÃo Ã promover no sujeito a capacidade de pensar criticamente os conceitos universais a partir de sua nÃo-identidade. / This doctoral thesis considers the criticism of technical-scientific rationality and the formation of the autonomous subject in Adorno in the context of capitalist society, with the objective of explaining the dual function of education, in Adornoâs thought, which is effected by the process of adaptation and resistance of individuals to the socially constituted reality. Adaptation is the stage that integrates the individual into the social collective and resistance is shaped by the development of his critical capacity to counteract what is imposed on him. In order to reach our objective we analyze, mainly, the works of Adorno: Negative dialectic (2009), Dialectics of enlightenment (1985), Education and emancipation (1995) and Theory of Semiculture (1996). From this perspective, we develop the thesis based on reflexive rationality and technical-scientific rationality. By the first rationality one has the intellectual autonomy of the subject, but detached from concrete reality, his subjectivity becomes effective without historical mediations, is constituted in an abstract form. In the case of the second rationality, in proportion as man appropriates scientific knowledge, he has less autonomy to conduct himself in life and to promote human emancipation. This question is reinforced by the educational process, under the influence of the capitalist system, to adapt the subject to the standard of behavior that is convenient for its conservation. In it, culture becomes semi- culture and semiformation training, preventing the subject from appropriating culture to think critically and oppose what oppresses. For Adorno, there is no autonomy of the subject without the exercise of critical reflection or human emancipation as long as individuals do not recover their particularities. For this, he conceives education in two dimensions: it serves to adapt individuals to social collectivity and as resistance to every form of domination. Using the negative dialectic, the challenge of education is to promote in the subject the ability to think critically of universal concepts from their non-identity. Racionalidade reflexiva Racionalidade tÃcnico cientÃfica Sujeito autoconsciente EmancipaÃÃo humana RazÃo prÃtica Reflective rationality Technicalscientific rationality Self conscious subject Human emancipation EDUCACAO
27	Kvinnors förhållningssätt till kropp och ätande : om ätbeteende, kroppsmissnöje och ålders samband med den självmedvetna emotionen skam / Women´s attitudes to food and feelings toward their bodies : the associations between eating behaviour, body dissatisfaction, age and body shame Brocker, Ann January 2016 (has links) Undersökningen som är en korrelationsstudie från ett sociokulturellt perspektiv vände sig till kvinnor i en normalpopulation. Deltagarna var mellan 19 och 59 år. Ett syfte var att undersöka samband mellan kroppsmissnöje, skam och känslor, attityder och beteenden kopplade till ätande. Kroppsmissnöje konceptualiserades och mättes som missnöje med kroppsform. Skam konceptualiserades och mättes som body shame (skam över den egna kroppen). Enligt feministiska objektifieringsteorier lärs flickor tidigt att se sin egen kropp från en utomstående observatörs perspektiv. En del av de flickor och unga kvinnor som i kulturen erfar sexuell objektifiering internaliserar normer som objektifierar deras kroppar. Detta förutsätts kunna leda till skamkänslor och ätproblem. Eftersom kroppsnormerna är orealistiska är de omöjliga att mot-svara och misslyckandet med detta genererar ytterligare skamkänslor. Menopausen kan för många individer innebära mindre exponering för sexuell objektifiering varför skamkänslor kan antas minska. Ett ytterligare syfte var därför att undersöka ålders samband med skam. Resultatet indikerar att såväl kroppsmissnöje som skam är riskfaktorer för utvecklandet av attityder och beteenden kopplade till ätproblem. Kroppsmissnöje korrelerade starkt positivt med skam och det förelåg ett svagt negativt samband mellan ålder och skam. objectification theories self-conscious emotions body dissatisfaction body image body shape shame body shame moral eating behaviour bulimia anorexia age women cultural norms Objektifiering objektifieringsteorier självmedvetna emotioner kroppsmissnöje kroppsuppfattning kroppsform skam moral ätbeteende bulimi anorexi ålder kvinnor kulturella normer Psychology Psykologi
28	A crÃtica da racionalidade tÃcnico-cientÃfica e a formaÃÃo do sujeito autÃnomo em Adorno no contexto da sociedade capitalista ErmÃnio de Sousa Nascimento 00 July 2018 (has links) nÃo hÃ / Esta tese de doutorado considera a crÃtica da racionalidade tÃcnico-cientÃfica e a formaÃÃo do sujeito autÃnomo em Adorno no contexto da sociedade capitalista, com o objetivo de explicitar a dupla funÃÃo da educaÃÃo, no pensamento de Adorno, que se efetiva pelo processo de adaptaÃÃo e de resistÃncia dos indivÃduos Ã realidade socialmente constituÃda. A adaptaÃÃo Ã o estÃgio que integra o indivÃduo ao coletivo social e a resistÃncia se configura pelo desenvolvimento de sua capacidade crÃtica para se contrapor ao que a ele se impÃe. Para atingir nosso objetivo analisamos, principalmente, as obras de Adorno: DialÃtica negativa (2009), DialÃtica do esclarecimento (1985), EducaÃÃo e emancipaÃÃo (1995) e Teoria da semicultura (1996). Nessa perspectiva, desenvolvemos a tese com base na racionalidade reflexiva e a racionalidade tÃcnico-cientÃfica. Pela primeira racionalidade se tem a autonomia intelectual do sujeito, mas desvinculada da realidade concreta, a sua subjetividade se efetiva sem as mediaÃÃes histÃricas, Ã constituÃda de forma abstrata. No caso da segunda racionalidade, na proporÃÃo em que o homem se apropria do saber cientÃfico, menos autonomia ele tem para se conduzir na vida e promover a emancipaÃÃo humana. Essa questÃo Ã reforÃada pelo processo educacional, agenciado pelo sistema capitalista, para adaptar o sujeito ao padrÃo de comportamento que Ã conveniente Ã sua conservaÃÃo. Nele, a cultura se converte em semicultura e a formaÃÃo em semiformaÃÃo, impedindo ao sujeito de se apropriar da cultura para pensar de forma crÃtica e se contrapor Ãquilo que o oprime. Para Adorno, nÃo hÃ autonomia do sujeito sem o exercÃcio da reflexÃo crÃtica e nem emancipaÃÃo humana enquanto os indivÃduos nÃo recuperarem as suas particularidades. Para isto, ele concebe a educaÃÃo em duas dimensÃes: ela serve para adaptaÃÃo dos indivÃduos Ã coletividade social e como resistÃncia a toda forma de dominaÃÃo. Fazendo uso da dialÃtica negativa, o desafio da educaÃÃo Ã promover no sujeito a capacidade de pensar criticamente os conceitos universais a partir de sua nÃo-identidade. / This doctoral thesis considers the criticism of technical-scientific rationality and the formation of the autonomous subject in Adorno in the context of capitalist society, with the objective of explaining the dual function of education, in Adornoâs thought, which is effected by the process of adaptation and resistance of individuals to the socially constituted reality. Adaptation is the stage that integrates the individual into the social collective and resistance is shaped by the development of his critical capacity to counteract what is imposed on him. In order to reach our objective we analyze, mainly, the works of Adorno: Negative dialectic (2009), Dialectics of enlightenment (1985), Education and emancipation (1995) and Theory of Semiculture (1996). From this perspective, we develop the thesis based on reflexive rationality and technical-scientific rationality. By the first rationality one has the intellectual autonomy of the subject, but detached from concrete reality, his subjectivity becomes effective without historical mediations, is constituted in an abstract form. In the case of the second rationality, in proportion as man appropriates scientific knowledge, he has less autonomy to conduct himself in life and to promote human emancipation. This question is reinforced by the educational process, under the influence of the capitalist system, to adapt the subject to the standard of behavior that is convenient for its conservation. In it, culture becomes semi- culture and semiformation training, preventing the subject from appropriating culture to think critically and oppose what oppresses. For Adorno, there is no autonomy of the subject without the exercise of critical reflection or human emancipation as long as individuals do not recover their particularities. For this, he conceives education in two dimensions: it serves to adapt individuals to social collectivity and as resistance to every form of domination. Using the negative dialectic, the challenge of education is to promote in the subject the ability to think critically of universal concepts from their non-identity. Racionalidade reflexiva Racionalidade tÃcnico-cientÃfica Sujeito autoconsciente Operador do saber tÃcnico-cientÃfico EmancipaÃÃo humana RazÃo prÃtica Sujeito (Filosofia) â formaÃÃo Autonomia (Filosofia) EducaÃÃo â Filosofia Liberdade intelectual Subjetividade Reflective rationality Technical-scientific rationality Self-conscious subject Human emancipation EDUCACAO
29	Le cinéma dans la fiction Hispano-Américaine / Cinema in Latin-American Fiction Previtera, Roberta 01 December 2014 (has links) Ce travail a pour objectif l’analyse de l’influence du cinéma dans la littérature hispano-américaine. L’hypothèse centrale est que dès que le cinéma, par essence un art de masse, a commencé à gagner sa place dans le système des arts, il a influencé la façon dont les écrivains représentent la réalité. L’enthousiasme que le cinéma a réveillé chez de nombreux écrivains latino-américains depuis le début, et la pénurie d’études critiques à ce sujet, font de l’Amérique Latine un terrain très fécond pour mener à bien nos recherches. Notre travail est structuré en trois parties. Dans la première nous introduisons la problématique qui nous intéresse avec une attention spéciale aux travaux de sémiologie et de narratologie élaborés à partir des années soixante. Nous reprenons la séparation structuraliste entre « histoire » et « narration » pour distinguer deux niveaux d’emprunt différents, que nous analysons séparément dans la deuxième et la troisième partie.Dans la deuxième, nous considérons le concept d’influence depuis une perspective intertextuelle, en regardant comment certains récits littéraires ont assimilé des histoires racontées précédemment par le cinéma, les intégrant sous la forme de l’ « insertion » ou à travers un processus de « réécriture ».Dans la troisième partie nous étudions l’influence cinématographique depuis une perspective intermédiale, c'est-à-dire en analysant des cas où le cinéma est évoqué dans sa spécificité médiatique. Dans ces cas, l’emprunt n’a pas lieu au niveau de l’histoire, mais à celui de la narration et les auteurs tentent de reproduire à l’écrit une série de procédés narratifs utilisés à l’écran. / This work aims to analyze the influence of cinema on Latin American literature. The central hypothesis is that as soon as cinema, by essence a mass art form, started to win its place in the system of the arts, it influenced the way writers represent reality. The enthusiasm that cinema awoke in many Latin American writers since the beginning, and the lack of critical studies on the subject, make Latin America a very fertile ground for our research. Our work is separated in three sections. First, we introduce the issue at hand, paying special attention to semiology and narratology works starting from the 1960’s. We use the structuralist separation between “story” and “narration” to establish two different levels of borrowing, which we analyze separately in the second and third sections.In the second section, we consider the concept of influence from an intertextual perspective, observing how certain literary texts have assimilated stories previously told by cinema, integrating them under the form of insertion or through a process of rewriting.In the third section we study cinematographic influence from an intermedial perspective, by analyzing cases in which cinema is considered in its specificity as a medium. In these cases, borrowing doesn’t take place at the level of the story, but at that of the narration and the authors attempt to reproduce in writing a series of narrative methods used for the screen. Littérature Hispano-Américaine Cinéma Influence Intertextualité Emprunt Insertion Réécriture Genres cinématographiques Intermédialité Imitation Narrateur Focalisation Ocularisation Simultanéité Montage Approximation Narration d’art et d’essai Narration auto-Consciente Latin American Literature Cinema Influence Intertextuality Borrowing Insertion Rewriting Cinematographic Genres Intermediality Imitation Narrator Focalization Ocularization Simultaneity Montage Approximation Art-House Narration Self-Conscious Narration
30	Embryo Adoption: Implications of Personhood, Marriage, and Parenthood McMillen, Brooke Marie 14 April 2008 (has links) Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis (IUPUI) / One’s personal claims regarding personhood will influence his moral belief regarding embryo adoption. In Chapter One, I consider the personhood of the human embryo. If the human embryo is a person, we are morally obligated to permit the practice of embryo adoption as an ethical means to save human persons. However, for those who do not claim that an embryo is a person at conception, embryo adoption is not a necessary practice because we have no moral obligation to protect them. There are still others who claim that personhood is gained at some point during gestation when certain mental capacities develop. I offer my own claim that consciousness and sentience as well as the potential to be self-conscious mark the beginning of personhood. Embryo adoption raises several questions surrounding the institution of marriage. Due to its untraditional method of procreation, embryo adoption calls into question the role of procreation within marriage. In Chapter Two, I explore the nature of the marriage relationship by offering Lisa Cahill’s definition of marriage which involves both a spiritual and physical dimension, and then I describe the concept of marriage from different perspectives including a social, religious, and a personal perspective. From a personal perspective, I explore the relationship between marriage and friendship. Finally, I describe how the concept of marriage is understood today and explore the advantages to being married as opposed to the advantages of being single. Embryo adoption changes the way we customarily think about procreation within a family because in embryo adoption, couples are seeking an embryo from another union to be implanted into the woman. This prompts some philosophers to argue that embryo adoption violates the marriage relationship. In Chapter Three, I further consider the impact of embryo adoption on the family as an extension of the marital relationship as well as the impact of embryo adoption on the traditional roles of motherhood and fatherhood. I examine motherhood by looking at how some philosophers define motherhood and when these philosophers claim a woman becomes a mother. After considering these issues regarding motherhood, I examine the same issues surrounding fatherhood. Peg Brand, PhD., Chair Embryo adoption Embryo rescue Embryo Adoption Rescue Motherhood Fatherhood Marriage Personhood Gestation Conception Reproductive technology Reproduction Surrogacy Conscious Consciousness Sentience Person Self-conscious Self-consciousness Procreation Conjugal union Marriage relationship Procreate Pregnancy Genetic motherhood Gestational motherhood Social motherhood Genetic father Social father Mother Motherhood Father Fatherhood IVF In vitro In vitro fertilization Pregnancy Postnatal adoption Althaus Aquinas Conee Crosby DeGrazia Finnis Ford Locke Lovering McMahan Parfit Quinn Singer Sumner Thomson Tooley Warren Cahill Moller Landau Mill Catholic Lutheran Calvinist Calvinism Aristotle Catholicism Kant Parsons Primoratz Feldman Firestone Tonti-Filippini Watt Geach Human embryo -- Transplantation Adoption -- Religious aspects Motherhood Fatherhood Marriage

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