The focus of this study is to determine how closely self-report perceptions of technology integration skills align with the observations of an external evaluator. Participants were elementary and secondary teachers in a north Texas school district. The district is in the process of implementing a one-to-one initiative using a major vendor’s tablet devices. The study utilized both quantitative survey methodology, and a qualitative observational tool to record learning activities in the K-12 classroom. For the quantitative phase, three validated single-item self-report instruments were administered to the teachers via an online survey; the instruments utilized were the Concerns-Based Adoption Model—Levels of Use (CBAM-LoU); Stages of Adoption of Technology; and the Apple Classroom of Tomorrow (ACOT). In the qualitative portion of the study, classroom teachers involved in the one-to-one innovation were observed and rated by the Technology Integration Matrix, an instrument specifically designed to observe technology integration skills and practices in K-12 instructional settings. Kendall’s tau correlations between the various self-report instruments and the external observer rating are: CBAM, r = .51 (p is not significant); Stages, r = .58 (p < .05); ACOT, r = .82 (p < .01). Additionally, regression models were run using all three self-reports as predictors of the observation score, and using only the ACOT as a predictor. The regression model for the three-predictor model is TIM = .68; Stages - .82; CBAM + 1.61; ACOT - 1.23 (R2 = .94, p < .05), while the model for the ACOT-only predictor is TIM = 1.1; ACOT - 1.1 (R2 = .80, p < .01). These results demonstrate a strong correlation between the ratings reported by the teachers and the ratings given by the external observer, indicating that these self-report measures show a strong propensity for indicating actual technology skills.

Denna studie utgår från aktuell forskning, som lyfter fram behovet av kunskap och erfarenhet i arbetet med det allt mer mångkulturella klassrummet. Studien tar upp vikten av ett inkluderande förhållningssätt och hur anpassningar görs för att möta SVA-elevers behov. I dagens skola utmanas personalen inte bara i att få eleverna att uppnå kunskapsmålen utan även i att utveckla deras sociala samspel samtidigt som styrdokument, lagar, förordningar skall följas. De val som pedagogen gör i sin undervisning kan vara betydande för elevernas framtid. Vår erfarenhet kring inkluderingen av SVA-elever är att det krävs kunskap och resurser för att möta de behov som finns. Det kan därför vara intressant att undersöka hur arbetet i verksamheten fungerar och anpassas utifrån de förutsättningar olika pedagoger har. Därför valde vi att undersöka hur arbetet med inkludering av SVA-elever ser ut hos verksamma pedagoger.Syftet med denna studie är att vi vill förstå hur inkludering av SVA-elever kan gå till genom att undersöka pedagogers erfarenheter i arbetet med SVA-elever i klassrummet.Utifrån syftet, har 11 deltagande respondenter svarat på frågor, via self report, om sin yrkeserfarenhet kring arbetet med SVA-elever och hur de inkluderas i undervisningen. De fick genom undersökningen möjlighet att formulera sina tankar kring arbetet med dessa elever och förklara vilka didaktiska val de anser fungerar bäst utifrån behoven som finns.Resultatet från undersökningen gav en kvalitativ data att analysera och svaren visade en övergripande samsyn på arbetet med inkludering av SVA-elever. Denna samsyn kan sammanfattas som att respondenterna lyfte att undervisningen skall utgå från elevernas behov, oavsett vilka resurser som finns att tillgå. Metoder och anpassningar visade dock skillnader mellan respondenterna, vilket kan bero på erfarenhet och stöttning som finns i verksamheten. Stödet av resurser varierade mellan pedagoger och skolor och synen på om SVA-elever skall tillbringa mest tid i eller utanför klassrummet skiljde sig något. Slutsatsen av studien blev att det är viktigt att ta tillvara på den tidigare kunskap som finns inom andraspråksutveckling och inkludering. Samtidigt måste lärare dock vara framåtsträvande och vidareutveckla undervisningen för att ge SVA-eleverna de bästa förutsättningarna för en god språkutveckling som gynnar dem både socialt och akademiskt.

Introdução: A aptidão física (AF) tornou-se uma importante condição a ser avaliada em estudos epidemiológicos, visto que, seus valores reduzidos estão diretamente associados à mortalidade precoce. Diante disto, sua avaliação em populações se faz necessária e, para tanto, é importante desenvolver métodos simples, precisos e de baixo custo. E mais, se tais métodos pudessem ser aplicados em população pediátrica, maior seria sua utilidade do ponto de vista de intervenção precoce. Objetivos: Determinar a confiabilidade e a validade de critério e de constructo do questionário de aptidão física, IFIS-LP (International Fitness Scale - versão para língua portuguesa), para uso em populações pediátricas saudáveis. Métodos: Estudo observacional de confiabilidade e validade realizado com 300 alunos, matriculados em escolas da rede pública e privada na cidade de Teresina-Piauí com idades entre 3 a 17 anos, de ambos os sexos. As análises foram estratificadas por grupo etário: crianças (3 a 10 anos) e adolescentes (11 a 17 anos). O IFIS-LP foi de aplicação autorreferida, no entanto, para as crianças, pela limitação, foi respondido pelos pais/responsáveis. Para o estudo de confiabilidade, os participantes responderam ao questionário, duas vezes, com intervalo de quinze dias. Para testar a validade de critério observou-se a concordância entre questionário e testes físicos: teste de corrida de 20 metros (20 metre shuttle run test); força de preensão manual; salto de extensão parado; salto de impulsão vertical; corrida 4X10 metros; equilíbrio flamingo; sentar e alcançar. Para validade de constructo observou-se a concordância entre o questionário e pressão arterial elevada (PAE). A concordância entre teste e reteste do questionário foi avaliada pelo coeficiente Kappa (k). Sensibilidade (S), Especificidade (E), e acurácia do questionário foram estimadas assumindo como padrão ouro: os testes físicos ajustados por idade e sexo, avaliados acima ou igual ao percentil 90 (P90) como boa/ótima AF para crianças, e os pontos de corte preconizados pela literatura, para os adolescentes; e PAE - considerando a pressão arterial sistólica ou diastólica considerando sexo, idade e altura > P95. Significância estatística adotada (p < 0,05) e k >= 0,40. Resultados: A média de idade das crianças foi de 6,7 anos (n = 190 crianças) e dos adolescentes 14,6 anos (n = 110 crianças). A confiabilidade (k) do IFIS-LP para aptidão física geral em crianças foi de 0,99 e para aptidão cardiorrespiratória em adolescentes de 0,97. O IFIS-LP mostrou validade de critério moderada: 0,40 <= k <= 0,65 em crianças e 0,40 <= k <= 0,54 em adolescentes. Observou-se em crianças 89,6% <= S <= 96,8%, 46,4% <= E <= 69,3% e acurácia variando de 70,5% a 85,8%; em adolescentes, 90,7% <= S <= 95,4%, 43,5% <= E <= 52,2% e acurácia variando de 75,5% a 83,4%. O IFIS-LP também apresentou validade de constructo moderada com k = 0,43 para aptidão física geral em crianças e k = 0,45 para velocidade/agilidade em adolescentes. Observou-se em crianças 78,6% <= S <= 93,3%, 40,0% <= E <= 100% e acurácia variando de 74,2% a 89,0%; em adolescentes, 40,0% <= S <= 80,0%; 77,7% <= E <= 92,6%, e acurácia variando de 78,0% a 84,4. Conclusão: A versão em português do IFIS-LP, é um método confiável e válido para mensurar a aptidão física em população pediátrica saudável. Por sua praticidade, custo reduzido e fácil logística na aplicação recomendamos o seu uso para esta finalidade / Background: Physical fitness (PF) has become an important condition to be evaluated in epidemiological studies, since its reduced values are directly associated with early mortality. Given this, its evaluation in populations is necessary and, for that, it is important to develop simple, accurate and low cost methods. Moreover, if such methods could be applied in the pediatric population, it would be more useful from an early intervention point of view. Aim: To determine the reliability and validity of criteria and constructs of the physical fitness questionnaire, IFIS-LP (International Fitness Scale - Portuguese version) for use in healthy pediatric populations. Methods: Observational study of reliability and validity performed with 300 students, enrolled in public and private schools in the city of Teresina-Piauí, ages 3 to 17, of both sexes. The analyzes were stratified by age group: children (3 to 10 years) and adolescents (11 to 17 years). The IFIS-LP was self-referenced, however, for the children, due to the limitation, it was answered by the parents/responsible. For the reliability study, the participants answered the questionnaire twice, with interval of fifteen days. In order to test the criterion validity, the agreement between questionnaire and physical tests: 20 meter run test, handgrip strength, extension jump, vertical boost jump, 4 X 10 shuttle run test; flamingo balance; sit and reach. The agreement between the questionnaire and high blood pressure (HBP) was observed for construct validity. The agreement between test and retest of the questionnaire was evaluated by Kappa coefficient (k), sensitivity (S), specificity (Sp) and accuracy of the questionnaire were estimated assuming gold standard: the physical tests adjusted for age and gender, evaluated at or above the 90th percentile (P90) as good/optimal PF for children, and the cut-off points recommended by the literature for adolescents; and HBP - considering systolic or diastolic blood pressure considering sex, age and height > P95. Statistical significance adopted (p < 0,05) and k >= 0.40. Results: The mean age of the children was 6.7 years (n = 190 children) and the adolescents 14.6 years (n = 110 children). The reliability (k) of the IFIS-LP for general physical fitness in children was 0.99 and for cardiorespiratory fitness in adolescents of 0.97. The IFIS-LP showed moderate criterion validity: 0.40 <= k <= 0.65 in children and 0.40 <= k <= 0.54 in adolescents. It was observed in children 89.6% <= S <= 96.8%, 46.4% <= Sp <= 69.3% and accuracy ranging from 70.5% to 85.8%; in adolescents, 90.7% <= S <= 95.4%, 43.5% <= Sp <= 52.2% and accuracy ranging from 75.5% to 83.4%. The IFIS-LP also had moderate construct validity with k = 0.43 for general physical fitness in children and k = 0.45 for speed/agility in adolescents. It was observed in children 78.6% <= S <= 93.3%, 40.0% <= Sp <= 100% and accuracy ranging from 74.2% to 89.0%; in adolescents, 40.0% <= S <= 80.0%; 77.7% <= Sp <= 92.6%, and accuracy ranging from 78.0% to 84.4%. Conclusion: The Portuguese version of the IFIS-LP is a reliable and valid method to measure physical fitness in a healthy pediatric population. For its practicality, reduced cost and easy logistics in the application we recommend its use for this purpose

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-04T18:28:07Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Evandro Morais Peixoto.pdf: 1971890 bytes, checksum: aa3ca46eafe7db3c33a633eabf6bea92 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-12-18 / Ever since the effective introduction of psychology professionals into sporting teams, they have encountered demands to evaluate the subjects involved in this area, particularly athletes. Accordingly, the need for these professionals to avail themselves of psychological evaluation tools that are capable of assisting them in this task, has become increasingly imperative. However, the lack of valid tools imposes significant limitations on these professionals. This lack is, at the same time, a challenge to psychology as well as a field of investigation that is still open to researchers in this area. In the 1970s, a scale was developed in Brazil by Ryad Simon, known as the Operational Adaptive Diagnostic Scale (EDAO), to evaluate adaptive efficiency. It is based on the concept that adaptive efficiency represents the ability of a subject to cope with life s trials and tribulations. Data on the subject are obtained by way of a clinical interview. The EDAO has already proved to be valid for different strata of the clinical and non-clinical population. A self-report version, to evaluate the effectiveness of adaptation of patients in community clinics, is under development and has been provisionally assigned the acronym EDAO-AR. This study proposes the development of a version of the EDAO-AR for the evaluation of athletes, as well as examining some of its proof of validity. The study has evolved in two stages: a) adaptation of the EDAO-AR and the construction of new items; analysis of content by (specialist) judges; and a semantic analysis of the items by athletes in different sports and with different levels of schooling; b) estimate of the internal consistency of the items, distributed by factor and for the scale as a whole, evaluated using Cronbach s alpha coefficient; the MSA and KMO indices were also evaluated and finally, the dimensionality of the scales was checked by means of exploratory factorial analysis. The sample comprised 219 athletes from the following categories of sport: Athletics, Basketball, Indoor Soccer, Swimming, Rugby and Volleyball, enrolled in their respective federations in the youth and adult categories. Assuming that the adaptation of the subjects is examined based on the suitability demonstrated in the Affection-Relation (AR) and Productivity (Pr) sectors, the items were built and evaluated separately, each set of items being regarded as a different tool. The final scale was made up of 41 items, 19 for the evaluation of the AR sector and 22 for the evaluation of Pr. The results show that the AR scale and the Pr scale both evaluate the quality of adaptation in accordance with three dimensions: Self-control, Interpersonal relationships and Coping. It is suggested that there is a need to develop new items for the AR scale in order to achieve higher indices of internal consistency for the overall scale, as well as for the respective factors. Finally, the need to use both the scales in the evaluation of the adaptive configuration of athletes should be stressed. / Desde a entrada efetiva dos profissionais da psicologia nas equipes esportivas, estes se depararam com as demandas de avalia??o dos sujeitos envolvidos neste contexto, em especial os atletas. Com isto, a necessidade de contarem com instrumentos de avalia??o psicol?gica, capazes de auxili?-los nessa tarefa, tem se mostrado cada vez mais imperativa. No entanto, a car?ncia de instrumentos v?lidos imp?e-se como importante limita??o a estes profissionais. Esta car?ncia constitui ao mesmo tempo um desafio ? psicologia, bem como um campo de investiga??o ainda em aberto para os pesquisadores da ?rea. Desde a d?cada de 70 foi desenvolvida no Brasil, por Ryad Simon, uma escala para a avalia??o da efic?cia adaptativa, conhecida como Escala Diagn?stica Adaptativa Operacionalizada (EDAO). Baseia-se na concep??o de que a efic?cia adaptativa corresponde ? capacidade do sujeito de enfrentar as vicissitudes da vida. Os dados sobre o sujeito s?o obtidos por meio de entrevista cl?nica. A EDAO j? demonstrou evid?ncias de validade para diferentes estratos da popula??o cl?nica e n?o cl?nica. Uma vers?o de autorrelato, para avaliar a efic?cia da adapta??o de pacientes de cl?nicas comunit?rias, est? em desenvolvimento e tem sido provisoriamente identificada pelo acr?nimo EDAO-AR. Prop?e-se nesta pesquisa o desenvolvimento de uma vers?o da EDAO-AR para avalia??o de atletas, bem como a verifica??o de algumas de suas evid?ncias de validade. A pesquisa se desenvolveu em duas etapas: a) adapta??o da EDAO-AR e constru??o de novos itens; an?lise de conte?do por ju?zes (especialistas); e an?lise sem?ntica dos itens por atletas de diferentes modalidades e diferentes n?veis de escolaridade; b) estimativa da consist?ncia interna dos itens distribu?dos por fator e para a escala total, avaliada por coeficientes alfa de Cronbach, foram tamb?m avaliados os ?ndices MSA e KMO, e por fim, verificadas as dimensionalidades das escalas por meio de an?lise fatorial explorat?ria. A amostra foi composta por 219 atletas das seguintes modalidades: Atletismo, Basquete, Futsal, Nata??o, Rugby e V?lei inscritos em suas respectivas institui??es federativas sob a categoria juvenil e adulta. Considerando que a adapta??o dos sujeitos ? verificada a partir da adequa??o apresentadas nos setores Afetivo Relacional (AR) e Produtividade (Pr), os itens foram constru?dos e avaliados de forma separada, tomando cada conjunto de item um como um instrumento diferente. A escala final ficou constitu?da por 41 itens divididos em 19 para avalia??o do setor AR e 22 para avalia??o da Pr. Os resultados demonstram que tanto a escala AR quanto a Pr avaliam a qualidade da adapta??o de acordo com tr?s dimens?es: Autocontrole Rela??es interpessoal e Enfrentamento. Sugere-se a necessidade de desenvolvimento de novos itens para a escala AR a fim de alcan?ar maiores ?ndices de consist?ncia interna para escala geral, bem como para os respectivos fatores. Por fim, destaca-se a necessidade de utiliza??o de ambas as escalas para avalia??o da configura??o adaptativa de atletas.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-04T18:29:46Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Katia Perez Ramos.pdf: 753647 bytes, checksum: 25ab7599315fa364dd0b189fee2b2a8a (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009-05-12 / Universidade Estadual Paulista J?lio de Mesquita Filho / The study analyzed the psychometric properties of the Scale of Assessment of Body Dymorphic Disorder - SA-BDD. Were estimated the content validity, construct validity, validity of criterion and internal consistency of the instrument. The sample was integrated by three groups: G1: 30 patients diagnosed with BDD (F = 70% and M = 30%), G2: 400 college students (F = 74.5% and M = 25.5%) and G3: 10 professionals of Psychology (N = 4), Psychiatry (N = 2), Dentistry (N = 2) and Plastic Surgery (N = 2) with clinical experience between 8 and 31 years. The SA-BDD is a 35- item instrument answered by a 4-point Likert scale ranging from 1 (fully disagree) to 4 (totally agree). Originally, items were developed to evaluate three dimensions, described in the literature as typical of the BDD: 1. Concern with a defect in appearance, 2. Suffering and loss of social and/or occupational functioning, and other, 3. Concern is not better explained by other disorders such as anorexia. Items of the first version of the scale were reformulated and divided into groups of items with 4 statements regarding each level of intensity. Five (5) more items of groups were also developed to increase the number of items for differential diagnosis (dimension 3). A theoretical analysis of the 40 groups of items, carried out by independent judges, gave measure of the content validity of the scale. Judges have not agreed on five items. The scale was then applied to G1 and G2. The factor analysis with Varimax rotation pointed to a one-dimension solution, consisting of 28 items, loading above 0.53, bringing together two of the theoretical dimensions: "Concern with a defect in appearance and suffering and loss of social and or occupational functioning, and others." The validity of criterion, carried out by the Mann- Whitney U test showed that 30 of the 35 items are sensitive to discriminate individuals diagnosed with BDD from individuals without this diagnosis. The scale showed an excellent internal consistency with Cronbach's alpha equal to 0.97. It was concluded that 28 items should be retained for a new version of the instrument (SA-BDD-28), which showed good content validity, construct validity, validity of criterion and reliability. Considerations regarding the one-dimensional solution and suggestions for further study are made. / O estudo analisou as propriedades psicom?tricas da Escala de Avalia??o do Transtorno Dism?rfico Corporal EA-TDC. Foram estimadas a validade de conte?do, validade de construto, a validade de crit?rio e a consist?ncia interna do instrumento. Contou-se com tr?s amostras de participantes: G1: 30 pacientes diagnosticados com TDC de ambos os sexos (F=70% e M=30%); G2: 400 estudantes universit?rios de ambos os sexos (F=74,5% e M=25,5%); e G3: 10 profissionais das ?reas de Psicologia (N=4), Psiquiatria (N=2), Odontologia (N=2) e Cirurgia Pl?stica (N=2), com experi?ncia cl?nica entre 8 e 31 anos. A EA-TDC ? um instrumento composto de 35 itens que devem ser respondidos por meio de uma escala Likert de 4 pontos, que variam entre 1 (discordo plenamente) e 4 (concordo plenamente). Originalmente, foram desenvolvidos itens para avaliar tr?s dimens?es, descritas na literatura como t?picas do TDC: 1. Preocupa??o com um defeito na apar?ncia; 2. Sofrimento e preju?zo no funcionamento social, ocupacional e outros; 3. Preocupa??o n?o ? melhor explicada por outros transtornos, como a anorexia. Os itens desta vers?o da Escala foram reformulados em itens com 4 alternativas de resposta cada referente ao grau de intensidade. Foram criados tamb?m mais 5 itens para ampliar o n?mero de itens referentes ao diagn?stico diferencial (dimens?o 3). Em rela??o ? validade de conte?do verificou-se a pertin?ncia dos 40 itens ao construto, por meio da an?lise te?rica de ju?zes. Cinco itens n?o obtiveram concord?ncia de no m?nimo 80% entre os ju?zes e foram eliminados. A escala foi ent?o aplicada no G1 e no G2. A an?lise fatorial com rota??o varimax apontou para uma solu??o unidimensional, composta de 28 itens com cargas superiores 0,53, que se agruparam em um ?nico fator (F1). Este reuniu duas das dimens?es te?ricas em uma ?nica: Preocupa??o com um defeito na apar?ncia e Sofrimento e preju?zo no funcionamento social, ocupacional e outros . A validade de crit?rio, por meio da prova U de Mann-Whitney, mostrou que 30 dos 35 itens da escala s?o sens?veis para discriminar os indiv?duos diagnosticados com TDC dos indiv?duos sem o diagn?stico do transtorno. Dentre eles encontravam-se os 28 j? apontados pela an?ise fatorial. Submetidos a an?lise de consist?ncia interna, os 28 itens resultaram em alpha de Cronbach igual a 0,97. Concluiu-se que estes 28 itens deveriam ser retidos para a constitui??o de uma nova vers?o do instrumento (EA-TDC- 28), por deterem validade de conte?do, validade de construto, validade de crit?rio e precis?o. Considera??es em rela??o ? unidimensionalidade e sugest?es de continua??o dos estudos referentes a EA-TDC-28 s?o realizadas.

A hipercolesterolemia familiar (HF) é doença autossômica dominante caracterizada por elevados valores de LDL-colesterol (LDL-C) e alto risco de doença cardiovascular precoce quando comparada a população normal. O atual estado da arte acerca da HF é deficitário em abordagens subjetivas. Pouco se sabe sobre o impacto da HF desde o ponto de vista dos indivíduos que convivem com evidências clínicas, suspeita diagnóstica e/ou com a certeza obtida por meio do diagnóstico genético. Não se sabe ao certo em que medida o envolvimento de indivíduos que se consideram saudáveis em programas de rastreamento genético e a introdução de regime medicamentoso agressivo de controle do colesterol afetam a autopercepção e relato da qualidade de vida. O objetivo dos estudos que compõem a tese foi avaliar a qualidade de vida relacionada a saúde e explorar a relação deste constructo com a autoeficácia em indivíduos com suspeita para a HF submetidos ao programa ativo de rastreamento genético em cascata. A pesquisa realizada por meio de sucessivas aproximações ao constructo qualidade de vida, acessado via autorrelato, revelou que além do estado geral de saúde ou da condição médica, diversos outros fatores colaboram na construção das noções pessoais de qualidade de vida, de saúde, e de autoeficácia diante da doença. Diferenças estatisticamente significativas entre as medidas subjetivas foram associadas a fatores clínicos concretamente experimentados, tais como a prevalência de prévios eventos cardiovasculares adversos maiores (MACE), o diagnóstico prévio de depressão, o diagnóstico de hipercolesterolemia por medida de colesterol total e LDL-C,a convivência com fatores de risco como a obesidade, o tabagismo; características sociodemográficas condicionantes de saúde como o sexo feminino, o reduzido grau de escolaridade e a idade dos indivíduos; e condições que sustentam as disparidades em saúde, como a percepção pessoal de restrição no acesso à unidades e atendimentos de qualidade devido à condição de exclusão social. Não foi encontrada associação entre as variáveis subjetivas com a identificação de característica genética associada à expressão da HF ou com a vigência do regime de tratamento medicamentoso. Os achados mostram que as respostas adaptativas à doença e às necessidades por ela impostas é atravessada por fatores de natureza médica e não-médica. Entre este último fator, o valor preditivo da atividade profissional nos autorrelatos de autoeficácia em saúde, e as significativas reduções na apreciação pessoal de qualidade de vida e de saúde entre as mulheres, são achados que não deixam dúvidas de que as questões de gênero determinantes de iniquidades sociais reverberam significativamente nos autorrelatos no campo da saúde. O achado epistemológico que aponta dissonância entre a noção lato sensu e o conceito stricto sensu de saúde colabora para a reflexão crítica acerca da barreira de natureza discursiva que se interpõe ao sucesso dos esforços preventivos. Conclui-se que é especialmente nesse sentido que a elucidação dos achados não-médicos podem colaborar com as práticas clínicas e com os desfechos em saúde / Familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) is an autosomal dominant genetic disease characterized by elevated LDL-cholesterol blood concentration and high premature cardiovascular disease risk in comparison with the normolipidemic population. The state of the art of FH care has a deficit in subjective approaches. Little is known about the impact of FH from individuals\' living with disease status as well as clinical evidences, disease clinical suspicion and/or genetic diagnosis. Little has been explored about the effect of involving asymptomatic individuals in a genetic cascade screening program or about the repercussions of intensive lipid lowering therapy on health related quality of life (HRQOL) personal appraisal and self-reporting. The objective of this study was to evaluate HRQOL and associated aspects, the self-efficacy and the quality of health latent constructs in individuals with FH suspicion undergoing active genetic cascade screening. The present investigation made with successive approximations to quality of life by means of a self-reported method showed that a diversity of factors rather than health clinical state or medical condition collaborate by building the personal notion of quality of health, quality life of and self efficacy related to health. Statisticaly significant psychometric differences were associated with concretely experienced clinical events such as having a major cardiovascular events (MACE) in the past , previous depression diagnosis, elevated LDL-C blood concentration, obesity, smoking; sociodemographic characteristics determinants of health such as female sex, low education level and age; and contextual characteristics that may uphold health disparities such as self-perception or real restrictions on health system access, and social exclusion. Genetic mutation post-screening identification as well as pharmacological treatment were not associated with HRQOL. Those findings revealed that adaptive responses to disease diagnosis and health needs are crossed over medical and non-medical factors. Findings concerning predictive value of job engagement on health related self efficacy, and significant reductions on quality of life and health scores among women in comparison to men pointed that the social structure characteristic which define and uphold demographic inequalities are non-medical gender related conditions with undoubtable impact on self-reporting responses concerning health. The epistemological finding about the dissonance between the lato sensu notion of health from common sense and the stricto sensu concept of health from medical science adds to critically thinking about the dialogic barrier that may interfere with preventive efforts. In conclusion, by clarifying the non-medical conditions related to health may contribute with health outcomes and clinical practices

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-29T13:18:10Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Maria Amalia Morais Pereira.pdf: 881503 bytes, checksum: 6db4fa3d5b0e2bb98fd68b103650b297 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008-09-30 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / The purpose of the present study was to investigate the emission of a self-report after the passage of time depending on the events that occur during that period. Specifically, we intended to investigate the effects of the topographies and the number of intermediary responses on the self-report accuracy. Eleven undergraduate students were subjects on two different experiments. Both consisted on a Delayed Matching to Sample (DMTS) task, the self report target behavior, followed by one or three Matching to Sample (MTS) or Anagram tasks, which were the intermediary tasks, being the first one the topography similar and the second one the distinguishable topography. The computer task ended with two self-reports: 1) Which one have you chosen? In which the participant should indicate the comparison stimuli he had chosen on the DMTS trial and 2) Did you get it right? In which the subject could say YES , I DON T KNOW and NO . The results analysis showed that: 1) for the subjects who had made mistakes on the DMTS tasks there was an imprecision tendency after the DMTS mistakes; 2) those imprecisions were False-alarm for 7 at 11 participants and for all participants there also were Omissions; 3) in general, the most imprecise self-reports were those preceded by the MTS tasks; 4) more imprecision was found on the selfreports preceded by three intermediaries tasks for both MTS and Anagram and 5) considering hits and mistakes on DMTS task, with the exception of one participant, the most inaccurate self-reports was on the topographical self-report condition. The results suggest that the occurrence of other behaviors between a given behavior and its selfreport might produce inaccurate self-reports depending on the complexity of the stimulus control from that verbal response / O presente estudo teve como objetivo investigar a emissão de um auto-relatos após a passagem de um intervalo de tempo, a depender dos eventos que ocorrem durante tal período. Mais especificamente, pretendeu-se averiguar o efeito da topografia e do número de respostas intermediárias na precisão do auto-relato. Onze estudantes universitários participaram de dois estudos: ambos consistiam na realização das seguintes tarefas com o auxílio de um software: 1) uma Delayed Matching to Sample (DMTS) tarefa-alvo do relato; 2) uma ou três tarefas de Matching to Sample (MTS) tarefa intermediária topograficamente semelhante ou uma ou três de Anagrama tarefa intermediária topograficamente distinta e 3) duas tarefas de relato sendo: 1) Qual você escolheu? , em que o participante deveria indicar o estímulo comparação selecionado na tarefa de DMTS e 2) Você acertou? , tendo como respostas possíveis SIM , NÃO SEI e NÃO . A análise dos resultados indicou que 1) para os participantes que cometeram erros na tarefa de DMTS houve uma tendência de imprecisões depois de erro em DMTS; 2) tais imprecisões foram do tipo Alarme-falso para 7 dos 11 participantes e para todos os participantes também foram registradas Omissões; 3) em geral houve mais erros nos relatos depois da tarefa intermediária de MTS; 4) houve mais imprecisões nos relatos depois de três tarefas intermediárias, tanto para MTS como para Anagrama e 5) considerando os acertos e erros em DMTS, com exceção de um participante, houve mais imprecisões nos auto-relatos topográficos. Os resultados sugerem que a ocorrência de outros comportamentos entre um comportamento emitido e os auto-relatos sobre tal comportamento produz uma diminuição da correspondência das respostas verbais a depender da complexidade de controle de estímulos atuando sobre cada resposta verbal

Objective: Individuals with tinnitus and co-occurring psychological conditions typically rate their tinnitus as more disturbing than individuals without such comorbidities. Little is known about how tinnitus self-efficacy, or the confidence that individuals have in their abilities to successfully manage the effects of tinnitus, is influenced by mental or psychological health (PH) status. The purpose of this study was to examine the influence of psychological state on tinnitus perceptions and tinnitus self-efficacy in individuals with chronic tinnitus. Design: Observational study. Three groups (N = 199) were examined and included: (1) those with tinnitus without a concurrent psychological condition (tinnitus-only; n = 103), (2) those with tinnitus and concurrent PH condition other than post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD; tinnitus + PH; n = 34), and (3) those with tinnitus and PTSD (tinnitus + PTSD; n = 62). The Self-Efficacy for Tinnitus Management Questionnaire (SETMQ) was administered. Responses on the SETMQ were compared among the groups, as well as to other indicators of tinnitus perception such as (1) the percentage of time tinnitus was audible (tinnitus awareness), (2) the percentage of time tinnitus was distressing/bothersome, (3) tinnitus loudness, (4) tinnitus handicap inventory scores, (5) subjective ratings of degree of hearing loss, and (6) subjective ratings of sound tolerance problems. Results: The tinnitus + PTSD group reported significantly poorer tinnitus self-efficacy levels on average than the tinnitus-only group on all SETMQ subscales and poorer self-efficacy levels than the tinnitus + PH group for most subscales (except for routine management and devices). Tinnitus self-efficacy levels were similar between the tinnitus + PH and tinnitus-only groups except for the emotional response subscale in which the tinnitus-only patients reported higher self-efficacy on average than both the other groups. Group differences were not seen for tinnitus loudness ratings nor for the amount of time individuals were aware of their tinnitus. Group differences were observed for the percentage of time tinnitus was distressing/bothersome, self-reported degree of hearing loss, sound tolerance problems ratings, and responses on the tinnitus handicap inventory (THI). In general, the group differences revealed patient ratings for the tinnitus-only group were least severe, followed by the tinnitus + PH group, and the tinnitus + PTSD group rated tinnitus effects as most severe. With all patient responses, the tinnitus + PTSD group was found to be significantly more affected by tinnitus than the tinnitus-only group; in some cases, the responses were similar between the tinnitus + PTSD and tinnitus + PH group and in other cases, responses were similar between the tinnitus + PH group and the tinnitus-only group. Conclusions: Tinnitus self-efficacy, along with other self-assessed tinnitus characteristics, varied across groups distinguished by PH diagnoses. In general, individuals with tinnitus and concurrent PTSD reported significantly poorer tinnitus self-efficacy and more handicapping tinnitus effects when compared to individuals with other psychological conditions or those with tinnitus alone. The group differences highlighted the need to consider tinnitus self-efficacy in intervention strategies, particularly for patients with tinnitus and concurrent PTSD as the results reiterated the unique ability of PTSD to interact in powerful and disturbing ways with the tinnitus experience and with patients’ coping ability.

Abstract available in Audiofonologia.

Die Arbeit gliedert sich in fünf Teile. An ein Überblickskapitel, in welchem aktuelle Modelle und Verfahren zur Erfassung Emotionaler Intelligenz vorgestellt werden, schließen sich drei empirische Studien (englischsprachig) an. In diesen werden Zusammenhänge von Fähigkeitstests und Selbstberichtverfahren zur Erfassung emotionaler Fähigkeiten in Bezug auf sozial relevante Faktoren wie Lebenszufriedenheit, Konfliktlösefähigkeiten und Freundschaft untersucht. Darüber hinaus wird geprüft, inwieweit sich Patienten verschiedener Störungsbilder von einer psychisch gesunden Kontrollgruppe als auch untereinander in ihren gezeigten emotionalen Fähigkeiten unterscheiden. Die Arbeit endet mit einer Integration der Ergebnisse dieser drei Studien. Insbesondere wird dabei auf die Probleme aktueller Verfahren zur Erfassung Emotionaler Intelligenz mittels Selbstbericht und Fähigkeitstest eingegangen. Aufgrund der konzeptionellen Nähe von Sozialer Intelligenz und Emotionaler Intelligenz werden mögliche Integrationspunkte dieser beiden Forschungsfelder benannt. Ebenso werden mögliche alternative Erfassungsmethoden aufgezeigt. / This dissertation is devided into five parts. An introductory chapter explains actual self-report questionnaires and ability tests to assess emotional intelligence. The following three chapters present empirical data looking at relations between self-report measures and ability tests and important variables of social functioning like life satisfaction, conflict-management abilities, and friendship. Moreover, in another study we looked at differences between and within inpatients with different kinds of mental disorders and a clinically healthy control group. The final chapter integrates findings and conclusions focusing on the problems assessing emotional intelligence with self-report questionnaires and ability tests. As social intelligence and emotional intelligence are conceptionally related possible areas of collaborative work are discussed. Furthermore, alternative ways of assessing emotional abilities are highlighted.