News companies have a need to automate and make the editors process of writing about hot and new events more effective. Current technologies involve robotic programs that fills in values in templates and website listeners that notifies the editors when changes are made so that the editor can read up on the source change at the actual website. Editors can provide news faster and better if directly provided with abstracts of the external sources. This study applies deep learning algorithms to automatically formulate abstracts and tag sources with appropriate tags based on the context. The study is a full stack solution, which manages both the editors need for speed and the training, testing and validation of the algorithms. Decision Tree, Random Forest, Multi Layer Perceptron and phrase document vectors are used to evaluate the categorisation and Recurrent Neural Networks is used to paraphrase unformatted texts. In the evaluation a comparison between different models trained by the algorithms with a variation of parameters are done based on the F-score. The results shows that the F-scores are increasing the more document the training has and decreasing the more categories the algorithm needs to consider. The Multi-Layer Perceptron perform best followed by Random Forest and finally Decision Tree. The document length matters, when larger documents are considered during training the score is increasing considerably. A user survey about the paraphrase algorithms shows the paraphrase result is insufficient to satisfy editors need. It confirms a need for more memory to conduct longer experiments.

The aim of this bachelor thesis was to examine how gender is framed in Swedish television news. The research questions we examined were the following:  How is the gender balanced in the news reports? What kind of news represent women and what kind of news represent men? How is women and men viewed according to the news reports? What similarities and differences is there in how women and men are portrayed?   The bachelor theisis is primarily a qualitative study where we with a visual text analysis, examine in what way women and men are framed in news reports. The study also includes a minor quantitative survey that examines the representation of men and women in news reports in Swedish television during week 49, 2019. To reach this conclusion we analysed 12 news reports from two of Sweden´s leading news broadcasts, Rapport and Aktuellt. By analysing 6 reports from each program we came to the conclusion that men and women were gender balanced the examined week. Apart from this conclusion the main result shows that even though the reports were gender balanced according to the participants, there was an obvious difference in how the sexes were framed. The women were framed in their traditional sex role as the motherly, sensitive and caring victim while the men were framed as the strong and enterprising worker.

Denna litteraturstudie utgörs av en kvalitativ textanalys av utvald kurslitteratur inom en förskollärarutbildning. Analysen har tagit stöd i Biestas teori om demokratiska dimensioner inom utbildning (Biesta, 2011a). Resultatet i vår studie visar på ett gap mellan det förskollärarstudenter får med sig från kurslitteraturen gentemot hur de ska praktisera och därmed realisera denna kunskap ute i förskolans verksamhet. Tillfällen för samtal och reflektion behövs för att kunna överbrygga detta gap som uppstår, och därmed mildra den osäkerhet som finns för utövandet av det komplexa uppdraget som förskolläraryrket innebär. Samtal och utbyte av erfarenheter kan verka som en bro mellan teorin och praktiken, och därmed är detta ett nödvändigt inslag inom förskollärarutbildning men även i förskoleverksamhet. / This literature study consists of a qualitative text analysis of selected course literature within a preschool teacher education. The analysis has been supported by Biesta's theory of democratic dimensions in education (Biesta, 2011a). The results of our study show a gap between what preschool teacher students get from the course literature in relation to how they should practice and thus realize this knowledge in the preschool's activities. Opportunities for conversation and reflection are needed to be able to bridge this gap that arises, and thereby alleviate the uncertainty that exists for the performance of the complex task that the preschool teaching profession entails. Conversation and exchange of experiences can act as a bridge between theory and practice, and thus this is a necessary element in preschool teacher education but also in bu

This dissertation describes a research aimed at finding text-optimization techniques which would increase the comprehension and better the attitudes of the readers towards the text. The aim is to evaluate the effectiveness of these techniques considering the possibility of implementation into the text-production process of state and commercial institutions. The theoretical basis for text comprehension is the construction of mental representations of the text. Many factors, internal and external, can influence the construction of a correct mental representation of the text. This thesis researches the factors of text quality and attitudes towards the text. Effects of the same text manipulations of Slovak and Dutch texts were observed in three language groups. These were: a group of Slovak native speakers, Dutch native speakers and people who learned Dutch as a foreign language. For this research two texts were selected, namely the instructions provided with the tax declaration form and an instruction manual provided with a digital camera. Parts of the texts were optimized and rewritten into two variants. The first variant is based on the principle of rewriting the text into a dialogue. The instructions for such transformation can be summarized into three points. This approach should be usable for not...

This thesis is a text analysis of knitting patterns. The material are six knitting patterns from 1847 -2018. All the investigated material is written in Swedish. The purpose of the study was to analyse the relationship between the writer and the reader, and the view of the reader. This has been done by studying the values of the knitting books. The context dependent of the patterns has also been analysed, in terms of how the text addresses the reader, the voice of the writer and how much room the writer has to explain his or her intentions and inspiration. An important part of the study has been to analyse the pictures and illustrations in the pattern, and how they relate to the text. The result of the study showed that the older knitting patterns are more context dependent than the modern ones. There is a distinct development from passive addressing of the reader to a more direct, using personal pronouns and a friendlier approach. Newer patterns also give the writer more space to write about his or her inspiration and intentions. The relationship between the pictures and the text stays mostly the same during the investigated period. / <p>Godkänt datum 2021-08-24</p>

The aim of this study was to find out how the war in Afghanistan is framed both in national and international context. This was conducted by comparing the national tv channel TOLOnews from Afghanistan with the international tv channel SVT Nyheter from Sweden. A qualitative text analysis as well as a semiotic photo analysis were implemented on four news articles and two photos from each channel respectively. Framing theory, agenda setting, and news values provided the theoretical background to be able to carry out the study. The significant findings of the study show that SVT Nyheter uses various secondary foreign sources for their articles in comparison to TOLOnews which uses only first-hand sources as can be expected of international and national tv channels. Furthermore, SVT Nyheter concentrates mostly on facts such as the number of people killed in attacks whereas TOLOnews concentrates more on the personal stories of the local people affected by the attacks. Finally, the study discusses what could be the underlying reasons of the findings of the study and thereby the differences of the framing of the war in Afghanistan by the two tv channels.

In a project called "A Library of a Billion Words" we needed an implementation of the CTS protocol that is capable of handling a text collection containing at least 1 billion words. Because the existing solutions did not work for this scale or were still in development I started an implementation of the CTS protocol using methods that MySQL provides. Last year we published a paper that introduced a prototype with the core functionalities without being compliant with the specifications of CTS (Tiepmar et al., 2013). The purpose of this paper is to describe and evaluate the MySQL based implementa-tion now that it is fulfilling the specifications version 5.0 rc.1 and mark it as finished and ready to use. Fur-ther information, online instances of CTS for all de-scribed datasets and binaries can be accessed via the projects website1. Reference Tiepmar J, Teichmann C, Heyer G, Berti M and Crane G. 2013. A new Implementation for Canonical Text Services. in Proceedings of the 8th Workshop on Language Technology for Cultural Heritage, Social Sciences, and Humanities (LaTeCH).

The United Nations originally established the term sustainable  development through the Brundtland commission and became a   frontrunner and global actor within the field. Information has initially  been described as an invaluable aspect of successfully achieving the Sustainable Development Goals by the UN itself. Therefore, the lack  of current references to information and communication in relation to  the execution of the SDGs has to be examined in an attempt to fill this research gap. Therefore, this thesis investigates in what way their   external communication, more specifically their press releases  regarding the SDGs, are executed in order to promote sustainability.  This is done by performing a qualitative text analysis on press  releases as empirical material. A question this thesis  attempts to answer is how the press releases of the UN have changed  after the evolved SDGs. Also, in obedience with their own strategic  documents, how are the UN concerned with making their public communication shed light on the implementation of the SDGs. These questions are relevant considering the growing interest for the issue of sustainable development. The analysis draws on theories of  organizational communication and strategic communication. The thesis reveals that the SDGs and sustainability are cohesively presented throughout the press releases. However, a change in inclusiveness of the audience was observed after the implementation  of the SDGs. This thesis indicates that there is potential for improvement in terms of how the UN communicates sustainability issues and promotes the SDGs.

Syftet med denna studie är dels att undersöka textfunktioner och argumentationsstrukturer i elevers debattartiklar, dels att synliggöra styrkor och utvecklingsmöjligheter i debattartiklarna. Materialet består av fyra argumenterande elevtexter med rubriken ”Rädda vår jord!” från det nationella provet i svenska 2008. Teori och metod utgår från Tirkkonen-Condits (1985) problem- och lösningsmodell för textfunktioner i argumenterande text. Analysen är kvalitativ och bygger på frågor som ställs till texterna. Sammanfattningsvis visar studien att debattartiklarna har olika kvalitéer och utvecklingsmöjligheter, men gemensamt gäller att eleverna uppvisar en medvetenhet om fungerande struktur och disposition i argumenterande text. Eleverna argumenterar utifrån tesen och använder ofta konkretiserande exempel. Samtliga elever formulerar textfunktionen lösning och evaluering där de förklarar vad som bör göras för att rädda vår jord, och de redogör för konsekvenser om tesen inte följs. Den gemensamma utvecklingsmöjligheten hos samtliga elever är att de bör formulera textfunktionen problem mer explicit samt ha med textfunktionen orsaker vilken de inte alls använder.

Data science employment opportunities of varied complexity and environment are in growing demand across the globe. Data science as a discipline potentially offers a wealth of jobs to prospective employees, while traditional information science-based roles continue to decrease as budgets get cut across the U.S. Since data is related closely to information historically, this research will explore the education of U.S. iSchool professionals and compare it to traditional data science roles being advertised within the job market. Through a combination of latent semantic analysis of over 1600 job postings and iSchool course documentation, it is our aim to explore the intersection of library and information science and data science. Hopefully these research findings will guide future directions for library and information science professionals into data science driven roles, while also examining and highlighting the data science techniques currently driven by the education of iSchool professionals. In addition, it is our aim to understand how data science could benefit from a mutually symbiotic relationship with the field of information science as statistically data scientists spend far too much time working on data preparation and not nearly enough time conducting scientific inquiry. The results of this examination will potentially guide future directions of iSchool students and professionals towards more cooperative data science roles and guide future research into the intersection between iSchools and data science and possibilities for partnership.