Summary in English / Text in Afrikaans / Awareness of and interest in the incidence of sexual child abuse has been increasing. The current prominence of this phenomenon in south Africa, . is evidenced by reports in the printed and electronic media. A study of the prehistoric era, ancient civilizations, the Middle Ages and the Renaissance and later shows that children have been sexua·lly abused throughout all ages. Yet, the sexual abuse of children is incompatible with the values and goals of authentic nurturing. i • Child sexuality can never ~e equated w1.th adult I sexuality. The child lacks the emotional~ mental, intellectual and physical capabilities to manage sexual contact with an adult person. He/ she is therefore not in a position to agree to intimate intercourse. This research project mainly focused on the relationship between the identification of and aid to the sexually abused child, and the personality functioning of adults who were sexually abused as children. An ontological-antropological approach to childhood has shown that the sexually abused child has the right to the school guidance teacher's respect for his dignity as child and a need for a response to his pain and yearning. The sexually abused child is situated in a distinctive lifeworld and sexual abuse has affective, social and physical consequences. Social relations are negatively affected and some children show self-destructive behavior. The establishment of an authentic and stable sexual identity is especially threatened. Children should be educated to resist the sexual advances of adults, while sexually abused children should be provided with adequate aid. Educators (guidance teachers) should therefore have the necessary guidelines at their disposal for the prevention and treatment of sexual child abuse. / Psychology of Education / D.Ed. (Psychology of Education)

FURTADO , Luísa Escher. Passos e espaços: violência conjugal e ingestão de bebida alcoólica. 2010. 110f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Psicologia) – Universidade Federal do Ceará, Departamento de Psicologia, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Psicologia, Fortaleza-CE, 2010. / Submitted by moises gomes (celtinha_malvado@hotmail.com) on 2012-03-14T18:41:55Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2010_dis_LEFurtado.PDF: 777313 bytes, checksum: 5fc530ce5f06f0c35391b2656483506e (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Maria Josineide Góis(josineide@ufc.br) on 2012-03-22T12:56:08Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 2010_dis_LEFurtado.PDF: 777313 bytes, checksum: 5fc530ce5f06f0c35391b2656483506e (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2012-03-22T12:56:08Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2010_dis_LEFurtado.PDF: 777313 bytes, checksum: 5fc530ce5f06f0c35391b2656483506e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010 / Esta dissertação teve como objetivo produzir um estudo de caso que desse visibilidade às redes construídas que sustentam a produção de um homem autor de violência conjugal. A pesquisa foi realizada na Delegacia de Defesa da Mulher de Fortaleza, no Juizado de Violência Doméstica e Familiar da Comarca de Fortaleza e em um grupo de Alcoólicos Anônimos. A produção de um homem autor de violência é muitas vezes associada à ingestão de bebida alcoólica. Assim, ocorre a produção de um homem que passa de “desordeiro” para “criminoso”, de “criminoso” para “alcoólico” e sendo “alcoólico” torna-se um “doente”. Essa construção só pode acontecer em um cotidiano de práticas culturais que moralmente polarizam o mundo em bem e mal e colocam a embriaguez na polaridade má e a sobriedade na polaridade boa. Além disso, para que esse caminho se sustente, é necessário que existam práticas clínicas e científicas que produzam o sujeito doente, práticas disciplinares que produzam o sujeito vigilante, além de relações que instituem prescrições de gênero e de conjugalidades.

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / This work is the product of a project developed within the research line LP1 - Training, Knowledge and Professional Development of the Postgraduation Program on Education, of the Federal University of Santa Maria. The main objective was to investigate the training of teachers who teach mathematics in the early years of Elementary School in the context of the organization of fractions teaching for the fifth grade. To achieve it, we followed a teacher who teaches mathematics in the early years, participant of the PPOE / OBEDUC / CAPES project, in the movement of organization of fractions teaching, according to the Teaching Guiding Activity perspective - AOE (MOURA, 1996a, 1996b, 2001 2010).The specific objectives were deployed in formative and investigative. The first were aimed at the appropriation of theoretical and methodological assumptions that guided the actions of the research such as the Historical-Cultural Theory (VYGOTSKY, 1989, 1994, 2010, 2012), Activity Theory (LEONTIEV, 1978, 1983, 2012) and Teaching Guiding Activity, and also regarding the training of teachers of basic education (Cunha, 1999; PEPPER, 2007, 2009; LOPES, 2009; MOURA, 2000). The investigative objectives were: to investigate to what extent the AOE can become a general mode of action of the organization for the education of the teacher for the early years of elementary school; and identify factors that determine the change in the work quality of the teacher involved in this movement. The data were collected in 2013 in meetings recorded in audio and video, daily records and a semi-structured questionnaire. These data constituted episodes (MOURA, 1992) whose analysis showed that AOE can become the teacher training general organizational mode in the early years since: it is understood by the teacher as a possible way of overcoming the way mathematics has been traditionally taught; the teacher uses the theoretical assumptions which guide this methodological-theoretical proposition; and he/she is in teaching activity. Likewise, the factors that might determine the change in the teacher work quality, identified in the context of this research, were: mathematical learning; teaching learning and the new senses attributed to the teaching practice. / Este trabalho é o produto de um projeto desenvolvido no âmbito da linha de pesquisa LP1 - Formação, Saberes e Desenvolvimento Profissional do Programa de Pós-graduação em Educação da Universidade Federal de Santa Maria. O objetivo principal consistiu em investigar a formação de professores que ensinam matemática nos anos iniciais do Ensino Fundamental no contexto da organização do ensino de frações para o quinto ano. Para atingi-lo, acompanhamos uma professora que ensina matemática nos anos iniciais, participante do projeto Educação matemática nos anos iniciais do Ensino Fundamental: Princípios e práticas da organização ensino (PPOE/OBEDUC/CAPES), no movimento de organização do ensino de frações, segundo a perspectiva da Atividade Orientadora de Ensino - AOE (MOURA, 1996a, 1996b, 2001, 2010b). Os objetivos específicos foram desdobrados em formativos e investigativos. Os primeiros estiveram voltados à apropriação dos pressupostos teóricos e metodológicos que pautaram as ações da pesquisa tais como a Teoria Histórico-Cultural (VIGOTSKI, 1989, 1994, 2010, 2012), a Teoria da Atividade (LEONTIEV, 1978, 1983, 2012) e a Atividade Orientadora de Ensino, e também com relação à formação de professores da Educação Básica (CUNHA, 1999; PIMENTA, 1997, 2009; LOPES, 2009; MOURA, 2000). Os objetivos investigativos foram: investigar em que medida a AOE pode se converter em um modo geral de ação de organização do ensino para o professor dos anos iniciais do Ensino Fundamental; e identificar fatores que determinam a mudança de qualidade do trabalho do professor envolvido neste movimento. Os dados utilizados foram coletados no ano de 2013 em encontros gravados em áudio e vídeo, diários de registros e um questionário semiestruturado. Estes dados constituíram episódios (MOURA, 1992) cuja análise revelou que a AOE pode se converter em um modo geral de organização do ensino do professor nos anos iniciais na medida em que: a proposta for entendida pelo professor como uma possível superação da forma como a matemática vem sendo ensinada tradicionalmente; o professor se apropriar dos pressupostos teóricos que norteiam essa proposta teórico-metodológica; e o professor estiver em atividade de ensino. Da mesma maneira, os fatores, identificados no contexto desta pesquisa, que podem determinar a mudança de qualidade do trabalho do professor foram: a aprendizagem matemática; a aprendizagem da docência e os novos sentidos atribuídos à prática docente.

No description available.

This thesis ?Cooperation of the school with parents of children who are begginning school attendance? describes concrete forms of communicatoin and coopertion of the school with parents of children who are begginning school attendance. The theoretical part is focused on scholar of freshman class, focused on school maturity and readiness, school immaturity, initiation of school attendance and affimnity of family with school. The practical part is focused on concrete forms of communicatoin and coopertion of the school with parents, usage rate of this cooperation and content of concrete forms of coopertion. There are also describes cooperation of the school with parents of children of preschool age. This thesis describes concrete requirements on the parents.

Syftet med denna uppsats är att undersöka hur behandlare och volontärer upplever att män som utsatt kvinnor för våld i nära relationer beskriver och förklarar sina erfarenheter som våldsutövare och hur de talar om våldet i relation till deras bild av maskulinitet. Vidare är syftet att undersöka hur respondenterna påverkas av männens berättelser. Studien baseras på fem kvalitativa intervjuer, där en intervjuguide tillämpas för att strukturera datainsamlingen. Resultaten analyseras utifrån tre olika teman; männens sätt att beskriva och berätta om våldet, männens bild av maskulinitet samt hur respondenterna påverkades av männens berättelser. Teorier som har använts i denna studie är teorier om spegeljaget, våldets normaliseringsprocess för männen samt kognitiv dissonans. Resultatet av denna studie tyder på att män använder narrativa strategier för att förmildra och förklara sitt våldsutövande i nära relationer. Respondenterna upplever känslor som maktlöshet och frustration vid samtal med män som inte vill ta ansvar för sina handlingar. / The purpose of this paper is to investigate how therapists and volunteers find that men who exposed women to violence in close relationships describe and explain their experiences as violence practitioners and how these men describes violence in relation to their image of masculinity. Furthermore, the purpose is to investigate how respondents are affected by the stories of men. The study is based on five qualitative interviews, where an interview guide is used to structure the data collection. The results are analyzed based on three different themes; men's ways of describing and telling about violence, men's image of masculinity and how respondents were influenced by men's stories. Theories that have been used in this study is theories of mirror self, the normalization process of violence for men and cognitive dissonance. The result of this study suggests that men use narrative strategies to mitigate and explain their violence in close relationships. Respondents experience feelings like powerlessness and frustration in conversations with men who do not want to take responsibility for their actions.

Zikaviruset är ett virus som fått stor uppmärksamhet i framför allt Sydamerika från 2015 och framåt då allt fler fall uppmärksammats. Detta arbete har utförts som en litteraturstudie med mål att sammanfatta kunskapsläget kring Zikavirusets morfologi, spridning, historia, komplikationer, diagnostik samt rådande behandlingsmöjligheter. Som källor används information från Folkhälsomyndigheten, CDC, PAHO och WHO samt MeSH-sökningar via PubMed. Viruset tillhör familjen Flaviviridae. Liknande andra virus i samma grupp kan infektionen ge feber, makulopapulösa hudutslag, konjunktivit, ledvärk, huvudvärk och myalgi. Det beskrevs först redan på slutet av 1940-talet i Afrika och har sedan rapporterats ha spridit sig till Asien, Oceanien, Stilla havsöarna och nu senast med utbrott i Sydamerika. Virusinfektionen har blivit mycket omdiskuterad då allt mer bevis kunnat läggas fram för att den kan leda till Guillain-Barrés syndrom samt även utöva teratogena effekter med mikrocefali som följd. Man har kartlagt spridning framför allt via myggarten Aedes men bevis finns även för att sexuell spridning kan ske samt att sjukdomen förefaller även kunna spridas från mor till foster. Diagnostiken baseras på RT-PCR och serologiska tester. I nuläget finns ingen aktiv behandling. Sammanfattningsvis har Zikavirus spridit sig snabbt genom Syd- och latinamerika sista åren och visat sig utgöra ett hot mot folkhälsan i dessa områden varför ett framtagande av ett fungerande vaccin är önskvärt.

This paper aims to describe the dynamics of objective health and welfare in five populations, from the year 2000 to 2009, qua a methodological study. It proposes a three step approach to ensure the validity criteria in the conducted research process: firstly, to identify the relevant variables as predictors of the two phenomena, empiric studies and sociological theories by Esping-Andersen (1999) Nussbaum (1999, 2000, 2011), were consulted. This (with the data availability) frames the study to include five related categories of objective health and welfare indicators, including (1) demographic (e. g. life expectancy (LE), total fertility rate (TFR)), (2) child-welfare (i. e. under-five mortality rate (U5MR), (3) welfare services (immunization coverage and prevalence of tuberculosis (TB)), (4) education, and (5) indicators on health expenditure (HE). The applied theoretical frame–in a combination with the four posed research questions–indicates a need of an overall methodological approach that is primary quantitative. The data analysis follows an observational epidemiological type that is descriptive study, to analyse the indicators in five populations and two control groups. The study obtains descriptive data from three data bases, which are selected upon a qualitative analysis, to account for their validity and reliability. Further data analysis is strengthened qua the inclusion of the two control groups of populations, when appropriate. Since it wasn’t possible to compare data on populations across time, due to different data production methodologies. Main findings indicate that HE, immunization, TFR, male and female LE, U5MR and school enrolment, tend to diverge between and within the five populations, expressed in absolute and relative terms. The comparison of the estimated data for the five populations with the two control groups of populations, shows that most objective health and welfare indicators tend to converge, (within categories 1, 2 and 3, except TFR) when expressed in absolute and relative terms. When estimated data is analysed in the light of two sociological theories, it is evident that the existing gap between male and female LE, U5MR, and HE indicators can improve further. / B

Magister Public Health - MPH / Kangaroo mother care (KMC) was first initiated in Colombia due to shortages of incubators and the incidence of severe hospital infections of new-born infants during hospital stay (Feldman, 2004). Currently it is identified by UNICEF as a universally available and biologically sound method of care for all new-borns, particularly for low birth weight infants (Department of Reproductive Health and Research, 2003) in both developed and developing countries. The Western Cape Provincial Government implemented a policy on KMC as part of their strategy to decrease the morbidity and mortality of premature infants in 2003 (Kangaroo Mother Care Provincial task team, 2003). Essential components of KMC are: skin-to-skin contact for 24 hours per day (or as great a part of the day as possible), exclusive breastfeeding and support to the motherinfant dyad. Successful implementation of KMC requires relevant education of nurses, education of mothers on KMC by nursing staff, monitoring of the implementation of KMC by nurses, planning for a staff mix with varying levels of skill and experience with KMC, the identification of institution specific barriers to the implementation of KMC, and the implementation of institution specific strategies to overcome these barriers (Wallin,et al., 2005; Bergman & Jurisco, 1994; Cattaneo, et al., 1998). This study aims to determine the knowledge of and attitude towards kangaroo mother care, of nursing staff and kangaroo mothers in the Eastern sub-district of Cape Town. / South Africa

Depuis plusieurs années déjà, un phénomène particulièrement dangereux se répand et s’étend désormais partout, suscitant des inquiétudes au sein de la société : la criminalité organisée. Pour l’endiguer et pour garantir la protection des personnes, on a essayé d’employer une politique de prévention des crimes. A cette fin, de nombreux procédés législatifs ont été adoptés au niveau national et international. La communauté européenne et internationale est intervenue plusieurs fois dans la lutte contre la criminalité organisée, à partir du Traité de Maastricht, d’Amsterdam, du Conseil de Tampere jusqu’au récent Traité de Lisbonne. Ces traités ont permis l’adoption d’importantes mesures pour lutter contre la criminalité organisée. Il est également possible de relever que la Convention des Nations Unies contre la criminalité transnationale organisée et la Convention du 29 mai 2000 ont eu un apport non négligeable. Des accords bilatéraux ont été adoptés par la France et l’Italie pour combattre plus efficacement ce péril et cette plaie qui infecte des points vitaux de la société (par exemple l’Administration Publique et les banques, dont le contrôle est nécessaire pour le blanchiment). La France, avec l’adoption de la loi Perben II du 9 mars 2004 portant adaptation de la justice aux évolutions de la criminalité et l’Italie avec les « paquets sécurité » de 2009 et 2010, ont employé beaucoup de moyens pour réduire et limiter le champ d’action de ces criminels. Un rôle fondamental a été celui des collaborateurs de justice que avec leurs aveux, en échange de réductions de peine, ont dévoilé la structure et la hiérarchie des associations criminelles permettant aux autorités compétentes de mieux les comprendre, de repérer les associés, et en nombreux cas de les détruire. Il faut souligner qu’une mesure efficace a été la confiscation des biens cumulés par les malfaiteurs (bien meubles et immeubles, c’est-à dire des dépôts bancaires, investissements financiers, propriétés, terrains, maisons) et leur utilisation de la part de l’administration publique à des fins sociales à l’avantage de toute la communauté (écoles, édifices publics et hôpitaux). La confiscation du bien, en fait, empêche la criminalité organisée d’en disposer et d’en tirer des revenus, mine sa structure et son pouvoir. Parallèlement, elle donne confiance aux populations souvent tourmentées et effrayées (pensons par exemple au racket imposé aux commerçants et aux entreprises de constructions, d’exploitation agricole), et alimente l’espoir d’une possible libération. La lutte contre les organisations criminelles est longue et difficile, mais si elle est mené avec détermination sur plusieurs fronts, avec la collaboration et la coordination des moyens répressifs des États et de leurs gouvernements, les succès ne pourront pas manquer / For quite a few years now, a particularly dangerous and unsettling phenomenon has been spreading and extending in various degrees throughout all the regions, and that phenomenon is organized crime. In order to check (limit) its spread and guarantee the protection of the population, a crime prevention policy has been imposed. To such an end, numerous legislative provisions have been adopted on both the national and international level. The European and international community have repeatedly intervened in the last years to fight against organized crime, beginning with the Treaty of Maastricht, the Council of Tampere, up to the recent Essay in Lisbon. These treaties have allowed for the adoption of important measures to fight against organized crime, and one should not overlook the Convention of the United Nations and the Convention of May 29, 2000 (in doing the same). Bilateral accords have been stipulated from both France and Italy to more effectively oppose this danger and social evil that threatens with infecting, if it has not already done so, the organs of modern societies (for example; Public Administration, banks (the control of which is necessary in order to recycle dirty money). France, with the approval of the Perben II Law of March 9, 2004 intended to bring up to date the tools of justice in order to make them more incisive in relationship to the evolution of criminality. Italy has done the same thing with the “safety packets” of 2009 and 2010. Furthermore, these two countries have employed many resources in order to try to reduce and limit criminality’s field of action. A fundamental role was carried out by those who collaborated with the judicial system who, by their confessions in exchange for reduced punishment, have disclosed the structure and the hierarchy of criminal associations allowing the authorities involved to better understand, individualize their affiliates (i.e. members) and, in numerous cases, to dismantle them. By contrast, a very effective measure has been and still is the confiscation of goods accumulated by (those) in organized crime (real and financial goods, that is, banking deposits, financial investments, property, land, houses) and their re-use by Public Administration for the social well-being and to the advantage of the entire community (schools, public buildings, hospitals). The forfeiture of such goods, in fact, deprives the criminal underworld the lifeblood and profits that it draws from them; it mines the structure its power, contemporaneously providing safety to the people who are often oppressed and intimidated (one needs only to think about the extortions imposed on shopkeepers, construction and agricultural enterprises) and heightens their hope of a possible liberation from the above. The struggles against criminal organizations is long and difficult, but if it is conducted with determination on more fronts, with the collaboration and the coordination of the repressive apparatuses of nations and their governments, success cannot fail