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The primary argument in this thesis is that the common assumption that an actor has emotion inside him- or herself which can be evoked and projected outwards is an outdated misconception. A proposition is made to replace this possessive acting model, which underpins the realist tradition and is based on the popularized aspects of Stanislavsky’s system for actor training, by a situational acting model. This new model is founded on the idea that emotion is something that actors “do”. Furthermore, a theory of this situational model is advanced where the actor is seen to perform emotion in an interplay with action in three different ways: in the world symbolically as an expression, of the world phenomenologically as in-sensing or out-sensing, and with the world as a becoming – which opens the actor up to greater forces of nature and society.                                      The material in this thesis has been focused on from both a contextualizing and a theoretic perspective. The contextualizing perspective places the actor’s doing of emotions in a historical context. The theoretic aspect concentrates on how performing emotions is realized in practice, and it proceeds from an analysis of two contemporary Swedish examples: the actresses Lena Endre in the role of Lady Macbeth at the Royal Dramatic Theatre in Stockholm in a production of William Shakespeare’s Macbeth from 2006, and Mia Skäringer in her stage show Horny as Hell and Really Holy from 2010. In exploring this material, a combination of Paul Ricoeur’s “hermeneutics of suspicion” and Paul Stoller’s ”sensuous scholarship” is applied.           A synthetic theoretical approach is employed that is set on a phenomenological foundation in combination with theories of emotion and affect as well as gender theory and theatre theory. The discussion is informed by Michael Polanyi to gain an understanding of tacit knowledge and the role of kinesthesia; by Simone de Beauvoir to establish a perspective on the body as a situation; by Sara Ahmed to see the potential for a cultural politics of emotion and a queer view of intentionality; and by Maurice Merleau-Ponty to propose a way of looking at the human being as being of the world as opposed to in the world. Interpretations of a few of Gilles Deleuze’s and Félix Guattari’s concepts such as rhizome, becoming, and body without organs, are added to this list in order to provide a background for what the third way of doing emotion is about.

Les Miracles de Nostre Dame sont constitués de deux livres de miracles encadrés de plusieurs cycles de chansons de dévotion. Ils sont l’œuvre de Gautier de Coinci, un moine poète nommé supérieur du couvent de Vic-sur-Aisne en 1214. En tant que moine, Gautier de Coinci s'adonne à la lectio divina, une méditation des textes bibliques qui est une mise en œuvre des arts de la mémoire désignés sous le terme de memoria. Cette pratique nous interroge, dans une première partie, sur l'influence de ces arts de la mémoire dans les Miracles de Nostre Dame et les chansons de dévotion qui alternent avec les récits.La compositio médiévale est perçue comme l'appropriation et la valorisation d'une œuvre antérieure. En tant que poète et musicien, Gautier de Coinci fait ainsi appel à des chansons de trouvères contemporains, et plus particulièrement à Blondel de Nesle. Ce travail veut approfondir la question de savoir en quoi ces œuvres empruntées peuvent être appréhendées comme des formes particulières d'auctoritas. Cette seconde partie de l'étude a pour but d'examiner, par une analyse des liens intertextuels et intervocaux, la manière dont le compositeur des Miracles de Nostre Dame s'approprie les chansons de Blondel de Nesle.En tant qu'abbé, enfin, Gautier de Coinci compose une œuvre de dévotion dont la conversion intérieure et l'édification sont le but ultime. Cette dernière partie, prenant en compte la double approche mémorielle et intervocale du répertoire de la chanson de dévotion, montrera que le chant, dans sa composition et dans son interprétation, est une mise en pratique nécessaire de cette conversion intérieure. / The Miracles de Nostre Dame forms 2 books of miracles framed with several cycles of songs of devotion. They were written by Gautier de Coinci, a monk and a poet called Father Superior of Vic-Sur-Aisne monastery in 1214. As a monk, Gautier de Coinci devoted himself to the Lectio Divina which was a meditation on biblical texts and a demonstration of the memory arts known under the name of memoria. The first part of our study leads us to the analysis of the influence of these arts of the memory on the Miracles de Nostre Dame and on the songs of devotion which alternate with the narratives.The medieval compositio is seen as the appropriation and valorization of a former work. As a poet and a musician, Gautier de Coinci calls for songs of troubadours which are contemporary to him, particularly Blondel de Nesle. Our study aims at explaining why these works could be seen as specific forms of auctoritas. This second part develops the way the composer of the Miracles de Nostre Dame uses Blondel’s songs thanks to the analysis of the intertextual and intervocal links.Finally, as a monk, Gautier de Coinci creates a work of devotion the inner conversion and improvement of which, represent the ultimate goal. Our last part is a summary of the memorial and intervocal approach of the songs of devotion. It deals with the way singing is a significant application of the inner conversion thanks to its composition and performance.

Cette thèse se propose d’expliciter l’esthétique et l’éthique de Marcel Proust par le biais du personnage de la servante et du thème du dévouement qui lui est lié, en inventoriant ses sources d’inspiration possibles et en débrouillant sa « polychromie intertextuelle ». La première partie tente de mesurer la portée esthétique propre à l’image de la servante à travers le langage, l’art du quotidien ou la religion qui la caractérisent, en examinant l’influence d’Anatole France, de Gustave Flaubert, de John Ruskin et de Joris-Karl Huysmans. Par la suite est abordée la question du dévouement qu’incarne le personnage de la grand-mère de la Recherche, par une lecture comparative avec les Goncourt, Paul Hervieu, Alphonse Daudet, qui explorent le sacrifice méconnu et la tragédie de la mère, puis avec Pierre Loti et Charles Baudelaire, qui ont traité de l’amour et de la culpabilité du fils. Cette thèse se conclut par une étude sur le personnage énigmatique de la femme de chambre de la baronne Putbus, antithèse de l’image de l’humble servante, en analysant l’influence d’Anna de Noailles, afin de mettre en lumière l’ambivalence du désir proustien. / This thesis aims to clarify Proust’s aesthetics and ethics through both the character of the servant and the devotion theme, which is closely related to the former, by listing the author’s possible sources of inspiration and unravelling the “intertextual polychromy”. The first chapter attempts to measure the aesthetic importance peculiar to the servant found in language, the art of daily life or religion, which define the character, by examining the influence of Anatole France, Gustave Flaubert, John Ruskin and Joris-Karl Huysmans. Secondly, the question of devotion, incarnated by the grandmother in À la Recherche, is treated, by a comparative reading with the Goncourt brothers, Paul Hervieu, and Alphonse Daudet, who explored the mother’s unrecognized sacrifice and tragedy, then with Pierre Loti and Charles Baudelaire, who dealt with filial love or culpability. This thesis concludes with a study of the enigmatic character of the Baroness Putbus’s chambermaid, antithesis of the image of the humble servant, by examining Anna de Noailles’ influence, in order to throw light on the ambivalence of Proustian desire.

This thesis examines the importance of the royal court and household in Scotland during the reign of James I (1424-37). The medieval royal court and household has received little concentrated attention in recent Scottish studies. However, a significant body of published research exists elsewhere in Britain and Europe which shows the importance of this arena for other kingdoms at this time. These studies have emphasised how the court and household was an important centre for politics and culture in the medieval period, indicating how a similar study of the Scottish evidence is essential for a fuller understanding of James I’s reign. Through a variety of sources, the composition of James’s household and court affinity has been examined. It is evident from this that James lacked an appropriate body of companions and high-status administrative officers for a medieval ruler and this was to have significant consequences for his reign. Additionally, by looking at some of the cultural aspects of the royal court, in particular the architecture, literature and religion, a clearer picture of the socio-political dynamics and tensions of James I’s reign emerges. In contrast to the generally held view of James as a politically successful, strong and active monarch for much of his reign, this study instead indicates a king who failed to establish an attractive and useful court and household that could be exploited for royal political gain. With his failure to establish a suitable court and household, James was a king incomplete and it is the contention that this contributed significantly to the king’s assassination.

本論文以康德和經驗主義美學切入討論維多利亞文學中女性的家庭和社會奉獻，論證女性家庭奉獻的美感並非單純呼應家內天使的形象，而是作者藉此美感，提供女性一符合性別期待的社會奉獻管道。十九世紀的家內天使意識型態，歌頌中產階級女性角色為男性的幫手，其家庭奉獻象徵秩序與道德，讚揚女性的道德美感。此兩性空間的意識型態視女性的主要活動範圍為家庭，看似縮減其參與社會奉獻的相關性，但作家實以女性家庭奉獻的美感為敘事手法，傳達慈善始於家庭的想法，傳達女性情感與落實社會奉獻。 本論文檢視三本1850至1870期間的英國小說：喬爾斯‧狄更斯（Charles Dickens）、喬治‧愛略特（George Eliot）、伊利莎白‧蓋斯凱爾（Elizabeth Gaskell）的小說皆以女性奉獻為主，但各展現不同的美感與社會奉獻的關係，融合社會對家庭奉獻的傳統要求和實踐女性自我主體性。論文第一章介紹美的概念演變、維多利亞時期的女性奉獻美感、以及本論文的章節架構。第二章探索美感與道德的同異性。從康德美學的觀點，探討維多利亞的家內天使形象和狄更斯《荒涼山莊》女主角的家庭奉獻，論證美雖不等同於道德，但卻是道德的象徵。第三章分析女性的愉悅美感是源於奉獻行為。愛略特《米德爾小鎮》的女主角，融合利己情感和利他奉獻，以道德和愉悅感為奉獻的基礎，彰顯女性奉獻與道德愉悅感的關係。第四章檢視女性的同情美感和社會改革。蓋斯凱爾《北方與南方》女主角的同情美感，塑造出獨立能幹的形象，致力於家庭奉獻和排解階級糾紛，並促使男性角色改善階級衝突。結論章節論述，維多利亞小說中的家內天使形象和女性奉獻所產生的美感，隱藏複雜多樣的奉獻和主體關係，雖然女性以家庭奉獻的美感為出發點，實為進行社會奉獻，蘊含豐富的改革和情感動力，挑戰傳統家內天使形象的寓意。 / This study uses Kantian and Empiricism aesthetics to explore women’s devotion and effect to home and society in Victorian literature. The beauty of heroines’ devotion to home does not simply convey the conventional image of an angel in the house but offers women a socially acceptable access to social commitment in the Victorian novels written by Charles Dickens, George Eliot, and Elizabeth Gaskell. The ideology of an angel in the house regards middle-class women as helpmates. Women obtain the sense of beauty via their domestic devotion, which symbolizes order and morality. This female image not only reinforces the ideology of separate spheres but also cooperates with women’s participation in social commitment. Female devotion is used to reinforce the notion that charity begins at home and express women’s feeling and pursuit of social commitment. This study examines three Victorian novels between 1850 and 1870. The novels of Dickens, Eliot, and Gaskell accentuate female domesticity and present different aspects of female beauty in women’s participation in domestic devotion relevant to their social commitment of improving the world. They reconcile the society’s demands of women’s domestic devotion with personal pursuits for female subjectivity. In the first chapter, the study defines beauty, particularly of devotion in the Victorian time. It also shows the structure of the work through describing how other chapters are organized. The second chapter examines the affinity of beauty and morality in women’s devotion to home. Kantian aesthetics which explains the exercise of aesthetic judgments is helpful to explore Dickens’s angelic heroine’s moral beauty in Bleak House. The heroine’s beauty is not synonymous with morality but is, instead, symbolic of morality. The third chapter centers on the relation between female agreeable feelings, virtues, and beauty in Eliot’s Middlemarch. The heroine undergoes the process of reconciling self-regarding feelings and altruistic devotion to make virtuous contributions. Empiricist David Hume’s virtue theory helps explore the motivation and transformation behind the heroine’s virtuous action based on agreeable feelings and approbation of virtuous actions. The fourth chapter explores women’s beauty resulting from sympathy with family members and the poor. The independent heroine of Gaskell’s North and South dedicates herself to domestic devotion and class conflict. Her sympathetic beauty causes men to change present condition for the improvement of working-class life. In the fifth chapter, the analysis of female beauty and devotion in the three Victorian novels helps discover that various, complicated relation between devotion and subjectivity under the conventional disguise of women’s moral image. Although the women’s beauty originates from their devotion to home, the domestic devotion functions as their social commitment of reforming the world which contains rich, dynamic challenge to the ideological image of female beauty.

The work environment of today is synonymous with stress, fatigue and exhaustion. As a result, the incidence of workplace injury and disease is increasingly commonplace. Repetitive Strain Injury (RSI) is the most common form of work–related ill–health. If the symptoms are not recognised and addressed early, serious and more chronic manifestations of the symptoms can emerge, subsequently affecting the quality and duration of a persons' working life. RSI also has significant implications for organisations in terms of lost productivity, drops in work quality and costly compensation claims. Although there is ongoing international research available concerning workplace injury and disease to inform business and the employee, there is less comprehensive and regularly updated research within the South African context. Considering employers can be held accountable for diseases that have arisen out of and in the course of an individual's employment, this research adds value in ascertaining the magnitude of RSI in South Africa. Bearing in mind international research has expanded its focus to include the potential influence of ergonomic and psychosocial factors in the development of RSI, it has become necessary to consider additional factors that may play a role in the development and maintenance of RSI. The objectives of this study were to 1) determine the frequency of RSI experienced amongst South African employees; 2) examine the frequency of RSI across three well–being groups; and 3) identify whether there are significant differences across the three well–being groups. An availability sample (N = 15 664) was utilised to determine the frequency of experience of RSI in a sample of South African employees. Frequencies were used to determine the incidence of RSI symptoms for the total sample. Participants were then selected into groups based on their experience of vitality, work devotion and exhaustion (n = 4 411) in order to determine the frequency of RSI experienced for three well–being groups. ANOVA was used to determine if there were significant RSI differences between these three well–being groups. The results of this study highlight that RSI is prevalent amongst the South African population. Of those participants who responded 'sometimes' and 'frequently' (experiencing RSI), 47% indicated experiencing neck, shoulder and back discomfort, followed by 42% reporting eyestrain, and 24% muscle stiffness. These results are comparable with international statistics, indicating that a relatively large percentage of South African employees experience RSI. The results further showed that the frequency of experience of RSI symptoms does differ across the three well–being groups. It is evident that RSI is more prevalent in the well–being group that demonstrates vital exhaustion when compared to those who are work engaged yet exhausted, and those who are truly work engaged. Secondly, the results clearly revealed statistically significant differences between all of these groups. Thus, those individuals who are vitally exhausted experience significantly greater RSI symptoms than those who are truly work engaged or engaged with exhaustion. In addition, those individuals who are work engaged with exhaustion demonstrate significantly more RSI symptoms than those who are truly work engaged. Thus, this study suggests the potential role of exhaustion in the development of RSI. Recommendations were made for the organisation and for future research. / Thesis (M.Com. (Industrial Psychology))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2011.

The work environment of today is synonymous with stress, fatigue and exhaustion. As a result, the incidence of workplace injury and disease is increasingly commonplace. Repetitive Strain Injury (RSI) is the most common form of work–related ill–health. If the symptoms are not recognised and addressed early, serious and more chronic manifestations of the symptoms can emerge, subsequently affecting the quality and duration of a persons' working life. RSI also has significant implications for organisations in terms of lost productivity, drops in work quality and costly compensation claims. Although there is ongoing international research available concerning workplace injury and disease to inform business and the employee, there is less comprehensive and regularly updated research within the South African context. Considering employers can be held accountable for diseases that have arisen out of and in the course of an individual's employment, this research adds value in ascertaining the magnitude of RSI in South Africa. Bearing in mind international research has expanded its focus to include the potential influence of ergonomic and psychosocial factors in the development of RSI, it has become necessary to consider additional factors that may play a role in the development and maintenance of RSI. The objectives of this study were to 1) determine the frequency of RSI experienced amongst South African employees; 2) examine the frequency of RSI across three well–being groups; and 3) identify whether there are significant differences across the three well–being groups. An availability sample (N = 15 664) was utilised to determine the frequency of experience of RSI in a sample of South African employees. Frequencies were used to determine the incidence of RSI symptoms for the total sample. Participants were then selected into groups based on their experience of vitality, work devotion and exhaustion (n = 4 411) in order to determine the frequency of RSI experienced for three well–being groups. ANOVA was used to determine if there were significant RSI differences between these three well–being groups. The results of this study highlight that RSI is prevalent amongst the South African population. Of those participants who responded 'sometimes' and 'frequently' (experiencing RSI), 47% indicated experiencing neck, shoulder and back discomfort, followed by 42% reporting eyestrain, and 24% muscle stiffness. These results are comparable with international statistics, indicating that a relatively large percentage of South African employees experience RSI. The results further showed that the frequency of experience of RSI symptoms does differ across the three well–being groups. It is evident that RSI is more prevalent in the well–being group that demonstrates vital exhaustion when compared to those who are work engaged yet exhausted, and those who are truly work engaged. Secondly, the results clearly revealed statistically significant differences between all of these groups. Thus, those individuals who are vitally exhausted experience significantly greater RSI symptoms than those who are truly work engaged or engaged with exhaustion. In addition, those individuals who are work engaged with exhaustion demonstrate significantly more RSI symptoms than those who are truly work engaged. Thus, this study suggests the potential role of exhaustion in the development of RSI. Recommendations were made for the organisation and for future research. / Thesis (M.Com. (Industrial Psychology))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2011.

Submitted by Johnny Rodrigues (johnnyrodrigues@ufcg.edu.br) on 2018-10-09T13:57:32Z No. of bitstreams: 1 ANA CRISTINA DE SALES - DISSERTAÇÃO PPGH 2014..pdf: 2674058 bytes, checksum: 8cbfe21a9773d176f38c6f6534cce23b (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-10-09T13:57:32Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 ANA CRISTINA DE SALES - DISSERTAÇÃO PPGH 2014..pdf: 2674058 bytes, checksum: 8cbfe21a9773d176f38c6f6534cce23b (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014 / Capes / O texto discute a construção das memórias sobre o culto religioso à Cruz da Baixa Rasa que se dá na zona rural do Crato-CE, esta memória se constitui a partir da origem da morte de um homem que teria se perdido na Floresta Nacional do Araripe (FLONA), com seu cavalo e um cachorro à procura de uma boiada. Acontecimento que teria ocorrido no final do século XIX e foi responsável por despertar, na população do cariri cearense, múltiplas sensibilidades que deram origem a crença de que o morto passara a realizar milagres, havendo narrativas que retroagem ao ano de 1914, como marco do alcance de graças por parte dos fiéis. Constituiu-se então uma tradição na forma de um culto e, desde então, os devotos passaram a celebrar o monumento erigido no local e a realizar homenagens póstumas todo dia 25 de janeiro, alimentando um ciclo de romarias na localidade. São muitos os milagres atribuídos à Cruz da Baixa Rasa e, por isso, alguns religiosos foram enterrados nas proximidades desse monumento. No ano de 2002 as autoridades responsáveis pelo local proibiram os sepultamentos, mas muitos dos devotos demonstram o desejo de serem enterrados neste espaço como uma forma de estarem próximos de seu intercessor. Neste sentido, o estudo proposto toma como fonte principal o material coletado a partir da aplicação da história oral, não se restringindo a esta, e se ancora na perspectiva teórica da história cultural. / The text discuss memory construction about the religious worship to the Cruz da Baixa Rasa that happen in countryside of the municipality of Crato, state of Ceara, Northeast Brazil. This memory is constituted from origin in the death of a man who would has been lost in the Araripe National Forest (Floresta Nacional do Araripe – FLONA) with his horse and his dog to looking for a herd. Event that would have occurred in the end 19th century and was responsible for to awaken in the Ceara Cariri population multiples sensitivities that gave origin the believe of that dead had spent to perform miracles, having narratives that are retroactive to 1914 as landmark of the reach of thanks by the faithful. Then constituted a tradition in the form of cult, and since then, the devotees came to celebrate the monument erected at the site and to perform all posthumous tributes everyday on January 25th, feeding a cycle of pilgrimage in the locality. There are many miracles attributed to the Cruz da Baixa Rasa and, so it, some religious were buried near of this momument. In 2002 the responsible authorities by the place banned the burials, but many of the devotees demonstrate their desire to be buried in this space as a way of were near of their intercessor. In this sense, the proposed study take as main source material collected through the application of oral history, not limited to this, and is based on the theoretical perspective of cultural history.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-07-29T16:17:46Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 dissertacao euzebio historia.pdf: 2205586 bytes, checksum: a61ccd5cdc94ae11b9a9b95826833a6f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008-11-28 / We analyze the rosaryan devotion in the City of Goiás from the Memorial of Memory, written between 1881 and 1930, by Anna Joaquina Marques. During the colonization of Brazil, the devotion to Our Lady of the Rosary gained importance near the enslaved Africans, becoming one of the biggest catholic devotions, in number of loyal ones and in quantity of churches erected to this devotion. Nevertheless, the catholic reform (Ultramountainism) provoked the resign of devotion of rosary. In the last decades of the century XIX, in the backwoods of Central Brazil, the Dominican mission, associated to the administrations of the bishops of the diocese Sant'Anna of Goiás, Cláudio José Ponce de Leão and Eduardo Duarte Silva, the traditional and from the backwoods religiosity was reformed. New devotions were stimulated, others criticized and banished. So, the Catholic Church acted straightly in religious practice of the population, subjecting to his administration the churches administered you them brotherhoods and the principal religious celebrations. We observe the consequences of the ultramontane reforms in religious daily practices of the vilaboenses choosing like key of analysis to devotion to Our Lady of the Rosary of the Blacks, at the level of the experiences of the subjects, through the scripture of Anna Joaquina Marques / Analisamos a devoção rosarina na Cidade de Goiás a partir do Memorial de Lembrança, escrito entre 1881 e 1930, pela vilaboense Anna Joaquina Marques. Durante a colonização do Brasil, a devoção à Nossa Senhora do Rosário ganhou importância junto aos escravizados africanos, tornando-se uma das maiores devoções católicas, em número de fiéis e em quantidade de igrejas erigidas a este orago. Contudo, a reforma católica (Ultramontanismo) provocou a ressemantização de devoção rosarina. Nas últimas décadas do século XIX, nos sertões do Brasil Central, a missionação dominicana associada às administrações dos bispos da diocese de Sant Anna de Goiás, dom Cláudio José Ponce de Leão e dom Eduardo Duarte Silva, a religiosidade tradicional e sertaneja foi reformada. Novas devoções foram estimuladas, outras criticadas e banidas. Assim, a Igreja agiu diretamente na prática religiosa da população, submetendo à sua administração as igrejas administradas pelas irmandades e as principais festas religiosas. Observamos as conseqüências das reformas ultramontanas nas práticas religiosas cotidianas dos vilaboenses escolhendo como chave de análise a devoção a Nossa Senhora do Rosário dos Pretos, ao nível das experiências dos sujeitos, por meio da escritura de Anna Joaquina Marques