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Magistro darbo objektas – poezijos refleksija, atsiskleidžianti trijuose Alfonso Nykos-Niliūno „Dienoraščio fragmentų“ tomuose. Analizuojant dienoraščius pastebima, jog toji refleksija labai svarbi ir aktuali poeto pasaulėžiūros, jo poezijos (auto)suvokimui. Nykos-Niliūno kūrybą, jo dienoraščius lydi labai dinamiška, įvairiausius analizės aspektus ir metodus aktualizavusi kritika, tačiau daugelyje darbų siekiama atskleisti poetinio teksto esmę, jo giluminius klodus, bet nebandoma atsakyti į klausimą, kas poezija apskritai yra Nykai Niliūnui. Todėl darbo naujumą, jo reikšmę nulemia tai, kad niekas Nykos-Niliūno poezijos refleksijos atskirai neanalizavo. Pagrindinės darbe tiriamos problemos yra kelios: kokia yra/galėtų būti bendroji poezijos samprata, ar Nyka-Niliūnas prie jos priartėja, ar nutolsta; kokią poezijos sampratą poetas pateikia savo dienoraščiuose, kokie poezijos vertės kriterijai juose aptinkami; kaip kinta poezijos suvokimas ir vertinimas, kokie veiksniai tai lemia. Darbo tikslas – analitiniu aprašomuoju metodu analizuojant dienoraščiuose aptinkamas poezijos refleksijas, atskleisti Nykos-Niliūno poezijos sampratą bei išsiaiškinti, kokiais kriterijais vadovaujantis nustatoma poetinio teksto vertė. Siekiant šio tikslo, darbe aktualizuojamas poezijos neapibrėžiamumo aspektas ir keliami tokie darbo uždaviniai: (a) išsiaiškinti, kaip dienoraščiuose Nyka Niliūnas apibrėžia, kas yra poezija; (b) remiantis pavyzdžiais iš dienoraščių, nustatyti, kokiais vertinimo... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / The object of this master’s thesis – poetry reflection which unfolds in three volumes of “The Diary Fragments” by Alfonsas Nyka-Niliūnas. Having analysed the diaries it was noted that the reflection is important and relevant for the understanding of the poet’s perception of world and his poetry. The creative work and the diaries of Nyka-Niliūnas are followed by criticism that is dynamic and actualising various aspects and approaches of analysis. However, most of the works are attempts to reveal the essence of the poetic text, its deep layers, but they do not aim to answer the question of what does poetry mean for Nyka-Niliūnas in general. Therefore, the novelty of the thesis, its significance is determined by the fact that there has not been any separate analysis of Nyka-Niliūnas poetry reflection. The main problems being developed in the present thesis are the following: what is/could be the common conception of poetry, does Nyka-Niliūnas approach it or recede from it; what conception of poetry does the poet have in his diaries, what criteria of value of poetry are found in the diaries; how do perception and evaluation of poetry change, and what factors determine it. The aim of the thesis – using a descriptive analytical method and analysing poetry reflection in the diaries, to reveal Nyka-Niliūnas conception of poetry, and to clarify the criteria for determining the value of the poetic text. To achieve the aim, the aspect of poetry indeterminacy is actualised in the thesis... [to full text]

Of all fields of historical enquiry, Germany’s Third Reich is perhaps the richest in sources and historiography. Therefore, it is logical to assume that this is where we see history done at its best. The chief interest of this dissertation is how historians select their sources and how they use the evidence they find in their sources. I have taken relations between Jewish Germans and non-Jewish Germans as a case study because of the enormous quantity of primary source material and because so many historians have commented on the issue. I do not attempt to make any claims about what happened between Jewish Germans and their non-Jewish compatriots nor do I make a moral assessment of behaviours and attitudes among the ‘ordinary’ people of Germany under the Third Reich. Rather, this is a technical exercise to examine how well the historians have done history in this particular area. My systematic review of the historians’ methodologies reveals that many either distort the evidence they cite or put forward arguments that go well beyond what the evidence warrants, perhaps because of pre-conceived theories which shape their approaches to the evidence. Moreover, they fail to make the best possible use of some types of source such as personal narratives. In order to ascertain whether these sources can be better used, I systematically analyse a selection of personal narratives which are sometimes quoted by historians, in particular the 1933-1945 diaries of Victor Klemperer. My question is: Do these testimonies really say what the historians claim they say about relations between Jewish and non-Jewish Germans? And if not, how can we analyse them to determine what they actually do say? The two kinds of problems which emerge are how to select a balanced range of sources and how to use them properly. My argument is that there are six methodological principles that should underpin good historical practice. Because historians are not scrupulous to apply these common-sense rules, their arguments are methodologically flawed and they do not use some sources to the full extent of their value. This raises the question of whether these problems are confined to this particular field or whether they are endemic to the history profession as a whole.

Baggrund og Formål: Studier har vist at cancer patienter,der oplever kvalme under kemoterapibehandling,har en nedsat livskvalitet. Formålet med dette studie har væretat beskrive,hvordan cancerpatienter opleverkemoterapi-induceret kvalme og hvilke copingstrategier, de anvenderfor at håndtere og kontrollere kvalme. Metode:Der blev foretaget en kvalitativ dagborgsundersøgelse med 14 brystcancer patienter i adjuverende kemoterapibehandling på et universitetshospital i Danmark. Kvalitativ indholdsanalyse blev anvendt som analysemetode. Hovedresultat: Gennem analysen fremkom både et manifest og latent indhold,som beskrev patienterneserfaringer med og reflektioner over oplevelsen af kemoterapi-induceret kvalme. Der blev dannet fem kategorier,appetit, lokalisation, karakter, intensitet ogvarighed.Det latente indhold af disse kategorier blev beskrevet i temaet: kvalme er en fysisk oplevelse med komplekse og modstridende fornemmelser.Patienternes copingstrategier identificeredes gennemseks underkategorierog to kategorier. De to kategoriervar: at struktuere hverdagen med kvalme og at ændre fokus. Patienterne anvendte copingstrategier fra begge kategorier for at opnå kontrol over situationen og genoprette et velbefindende. Konklusion: Idette studie beskrivercancer patienterkemoterapi-induceret kvalme som en kompleks fysisk oplevelse, der håndteresved hjælp afen bred vifte af copingstrategier. Patientinddragelse er en mulig strategi i udviklingen afsundhedsfremmende aktiviteter,der kan højnelivskvaliteten hoscancerpatienter, somoplever kvalme i forbindelsen med kemoterapibehandlingen / Background and Aim: Several studies have reported low quality of life among cancer patients with chemotherapy-induced nausea.This study aimed to describe cancer patients’ perception of chemotherapy-induced nausea and the coping strategies used to ease nausea during chemotherapy. Method: Fourteenfemale cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy in a Danish university hospital participated in this study.Data were extracted from diaries, followed byqualitative content analysis. Result: Data analysis comprised both manifest and latent content and revealed the patients’ own experiences of and reflection about perceived chemotherapy-induced nausea.Five categories,appetite, localization, character, intensity, and durationemerged. The latent content of these categories is described by the theme: nausea is a physical experience of complex and contradictory sensations. The results also identified six subcategories and comprised two main categories, which described the women ́s coping strategies: structuring everyday life with nausea and shifting focus. To manage nausea, patients’ employed coping strategies from both categories. Conclusion: This study used patients’ own assessments to understand both the complexity of nausea and the patients’ description of coping with nausea. A strategy involving patient participation might helpto create health promotion activities that increase quality of life among patients with chemotherapy-induced nausea / <p>ISBN 978-91-86739-45-4</p>

This thesis focuses on the intersections of masculinity, old age and sexuality from the perspectives of old men themselves, how they understand and experience sex and sexuality in later life. The study uses qualitative in-depth interviews and body diaries, an exploratory method that asked men write about their bodies in everyday life. Twenty-two men, born between 1922 and 1942, participated in the study. The aim of the thesis is two-fold: firstly, to study sexual subjectivities of old men, how old men articulate and make meaning around sexuality in later life. Secondly, the study aims to explore theoretically what a male body may become in relation to ageing; in what ways the ageing male body could be a site for rethinking masculinity and the male body. This aim was inspired by feminist theories in dialogue with the deleuzian concept becoming. Similarly to gender, age is understood to take shape and become intelligible in social and cultural contexts. Furthermore, the thesis stresses the significance of the specificities of the ageing body to the shaping of masculinity, sexuality and subjectivity. The body is therefore discussed as an “open materiality”, beyond the binaries of culture and nature/materiality. This thesis discusses the concepts intimacy and touch as central to how old men’s sexual subjectivities take shape, allowing for alternative conceptualisations of sexuality beyond erection and intercourse. Intimacy and touch are understood and discussed in several different ways. By orienting themselves to touch and intimacy the old men emerged as more mature, unselfish and with more serene sexual desires. This also involved them distancing themselves from the younger man/other men, whom they perceived as more selfish, inconsiderate and with stronger sexual desires. Intimacy and touch could in this respect be understood as resources for shaping desirable heterosexual masculinity. An orientation to intimacy and touch enabled old men to appear as neither asexual nor as “dirty” old men. But the study also suggests that a turn to intimacy and touch may open up possibilities for rethinking and reconfiguring sexuality, masculinity and the male body. The ageing body then need not be understood as an obstacle but as an enabling site that provides opportunities for intimacy and touch. Moreover, the thesis presents affirmative old age as an alternative conceptualisation of old age, beyond both the discourses of successful ageing and the discourses of old age as negativity and decline. As a theory of difference and bodily specificity, affirmative old age may be of interest for further feminist theorising. / Denna avhandling undersöker maskulinitet, hög ålder (jmfr. engelskans old age) och sexualitet med utgångspunkt i äldre mäns egna erfarenheter av och sätt att skapa mening kring sex och sexualitet på äldre dar. I studien har 22 män födda mellan 1922 och 1942 deltagit. Studien bygger på två metoder, kvalitativ djupintervju samt den explorativa metoden kroppsdagböcker, där män ombetts skriva dagbok kring upplevelser av kroppen i det dagliga livet. Studien har två övergripande syften, dels ett empiriskt: att studera sexuell subjektivitet hos äldre män; mäns erfarenheter och förståelser kring sex och sexualitet när man är/blir gammal. Dels ett mer teoretiskt syfte: att utforska nya och skilda sätt att tänka och förstå maskulinitet och den manliga kroppen, vad den manliga kroppen kan bli i relation till åldrande. Det senare syftet har inspirerats utifrån feministisk teori och det deleuzianska begreppet blivande. I studien betraktas ålder och att bli gammal på liknande sätt som genus och sexualitet som något som skapas och blir begripligt socialt och kulturellt. Studien betonar dock även betydelsen av den åldrande kroppens särdrag för hur maskulinitet, sexualitet och subjektivitet kan förstås och skapas. Kroppen diskuteras därför som en ”öppen materialitet”, bortom binära uppdelningar mellan kultur och natur/materialitet. I avhandlingen diskuteras intimitet och beröring som centrala begrepp för hur äldre mäns sexuella subjektivitet tar form, som alternativa sätt att förstå sexualitet bortom erektion och samlag. Intimitet och beröring kan förstås på flera olika sätt. Å ena sidan som resurser genom vilka män kan framstå som önskvärda män. Genom att tala om sig själva som mer hänsynstagande, mogna och osjälviska och genom att distansera sig från den yngre mannens/ andra mäns mer egoistiska och starka sexuella lust, framstår den äldre mannen som lagom sexuell, som varken asexuell eller ”snuskgubbe”. Men intimitet och beröring kan även förstås som något som omskapar och ger nya innebörder åt maskulinitet, den manliga kroppen och sexualitet. Kroppens åldrande behöver då inte nödvändigtvis betraktas som ett hinder utan som något som kan skapa nya möjligheter till intimitet och beröring. I avhandlingen presenteras även begreppet affirmative old age, affirmativt åldrande, som ett alternativt sätt att förstå och diskutera hög ålder bortom både diskurser om framgångsrikt åldrande och diskurser om hög ålder som negativitet och förfall. Som en teori om skillnad och kroppens särdrag kan affirmative old age vara av tänkbart intresse för vidare feministisk teoretisering.

Touching Brýnstone is the story of Beth, a young journalist who is troubled by misfortunes in her family and work circumstances. In a Pretoria library she is seduced by a book that consoles her and progressively becomes a fetish object. It sparks a journey to Japan, where she arrives to teach English. She is intent on meeting the author, whom she confounds with protagonist and book. This Bildungsroman is an exploration of the complex relationship between inner and outer self, and the struggle towards wholeness. Beth must find a way out of the obsession so that she can return to South Africa with an enriched insight into her shadow self.

Orientador: Angela Kleiman / Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Estudos da Linguagem / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-06T10:22:50Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Tapias-Oliveira_EvelineMattos_D.pdf: 1497034 bytes, checksum: 6756d0bb5e78494c6a8c0394bdb68913 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006 / Resumo: A presente tese de Doutorado conduz análise lingüístico-enunciativo-discursiva de diários produzidos por alunos universitários, iniciantes no curso de Letras, buscando evidências da sua construção identitária profissional no mundo figurado do Ensino Superior. Os dados dos diários foram obtidos em uma pesquisa-ação, em que as vivências ocorridas nas atividades partilhadas em sala forneceram subsídios para autopercepção dos alunos (desde o que aprendiam, em que medida, até como o faziam ¿ com dificuldade, facilidade, assombro). Os objetos de análise (os enunciados dos diários) mostram os alunos configurando-se em professores de várias maneiras. Uma delas refere-se ao posicionamento dos sujeitos (pelo uso das pessoas verbais, do tratamento mais ou menos cerimonioso) nos diários. O modo como vêem a si mesmos (sua imagem) também configura a imagem (ethos) de seu interlocutor nos diários, geralmente seu professor. Esses posicionamentos assumidos acabam por configurar, inclusive, o próprio gênero que está sendo escrito pelos sujeitos nos diários, no seu estilo e forma. Os dados também evidenciaram que a construção identitária não é incólume, nem fácil, nem sem problemas; pelo contrário, os sujeitos apresentam diferentes vozes em orquestração, em seus enunciados. A orquestração muda ao longo do tempo nas percepções dos sujeitos. Escolha lexical, adjetivos e comparações, entre experiências presentes e passadas, são as evidências principais. Além disso, foi analisada a relação dos sujeitos com o saber (como um objeto a ser possuído, uma atividade a ser partilhada, ou uma forma de ser e de agir na profissão), em suas metáforas e referenciações. Investigamos, também, o que significa, para os sujeitos, ser professor. Na modalidade deôntica, na assertividade e nos verbos de processo mental com caráter volitivo, os sujeitos tecem novas imagens profissionais para si, diferentes das de seus antigos professores. A prática diarista, em razão dos resultados obtidos, configura-se um instrumento cultural útil, por prover os sujeitos de um espaço-tempo para reflexão e verbalização de suas idéias e pensamentos, cada um a seu ritmo, o que os ajuda na própria construção identitária profissional e faz com que haja a possibilidade da constituição de novos mundos / Abstract: The present thesis develops a linguistic-discursive analysis of diaries, produced by freshmen language college students. The aim is to detect evidences of their professional identity construction as teachers in the figured world of Higher Education. In the diaries, subjects tell of their perception about their own learning in activities they were enrolled in their Portuguese language classes. They also tell of their quest, their discoverings and difficulties in the process. Data (their utterances in the diaries) analysis shows students becoming teachers from the very beginning in a manifold of ways. One of these ways is their positioning in the diary that we can perceive, for instance, by verb tense voice and formality. By positioning themselves according to an image (ethos) they have for themselves, they also show the image they have of their teacher ¿ the person usually addressed to in the diaries. By the constitution of these imagined personae, subjects constitute genres as far as style and form are concerned. Data analysis also shows that identity construction is not a safe and easy path. Subjects have different voices in orchestration while they utter. This orchestration changes over time in the subjects perceptions. Adjectives, word choice, and comparisons between what is new to them and what previously took place in their education are the main evidences. The relation students have with knowledge (as an object, as an action and as a way of being) is also studied in metaphors and in ways of referring to it. The research also deals with what for the students, constitutes being a teacher. Using deontic mode and assertivity, as well as verbs in the mental process expressing will, the beginners build for themselves a new image of being a teacher, different from that of their past teachers. According to the results, diary practice is understood as a cultural tool to help students, since it provides a privileged space and time for thinking out and wishing for a different more engaged and responsible future teacher practice, making it possible for new worlds to come about / Doutorado / Linguistica Aplicada / Doutor em Linguística Aplicada

Made available in DSpace on 2016-03-15T19:30:45Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Laura Menegon Zaccarelli.pdf: 1219845 bytes, checksum: c3f34a39f4780fd09ff05c185d87c23b (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-08-18 / Fundo Mackenzie de Pesquisa / The present work had the objective of understanding the learning process that happens in the organizational environment of a junior enterprise as a community of practice. The theoretical basis is the seminal study done by Lave and Wenger (1991), as well as the later works of Wenger (1998) and Wenger, McDermott and Snyder (2002). The literature review of both national and international business articles on community of practices emphasized the production done in the past ten years. It showed that the community of practice concept represented an important contribution to the understanding of the social issue of learning, being applied in small groups, national and multinational organizations to business networks or services. This concept was used as an analytical approach to learning and as an instrument to the development of a community of practice. This work presents a case study done in a junior enterprise in a private university in São Paulo, Brazil, funded twenty years ago. This junior enterprise is an organization that does not seek profit, created and administered by undergraduate students majoring in business administration. The organization&#8223;s goal is to prepare its collaborators to the real life, it offers consulting services to micro and small firms. The narratives presented in documents, solicited research diaries, interviews and data from non-systematic observation created the characterization of the junior enterprise and the shared learning stories of its collaborators, since the beginning of their work there until they left the enterprise. The data were analyzed with the thematic analysis of the narrative (Riessman, 2008). The data showed that the junior enterprise is indeed a community of practice where can be observed the legitimate peripheral participation and the learning curriculum that are key issues in the community of practice approach. The learning processes include the observation of the more experienced members, inquiries, giving and receiving feedback, the most important learning process being through the networks that happen when doing internal and external projects with colleagues, university professors, entrepreneurs from other junior enterprises, and managers and entrepreneurs from the market. The community of practice is a useful approach to understand the learning in organizations, but it could be complemented with other theoretical elements. In this sense, it was used the type of learning and its results were analyzed, the work also discussed the need to more emphasis on individual aspects aimed at complementing the community of practice theory and, finally, it considered important to highlight and to analyze the reflexive processes presented in the junior enterprise. The use of requested diaries showed a promising investigation tool to understand the learning in organizations, even in restricted period of time. This study also suggests more accuracy in the use of the community of practice terminology as well as the need to develop new empirical studies that will further the understanding of learning as a social phenomenon in the scope of junior enterprises. / O presente trabalho teve por objetivo compreender o processo de aprendizagem que ocorre no ambiente organizacional de uma empresa júnior à luz do conceito de comunidade de prática. O arcabouço teórico partiu do estudo pioneiro de Lave e Wenger (1991) recorrendo ainda aos trabalhos posteriores de Wenger (1998) e Wenger, McDermott e Snyder (2002). A revisão da literatura nacional e internacional sobre comunidade de prática, feita a partir de periódicos da área de administração, enfatizou a produção dos últimos dez anos. Ela mostrou que o conceito representou uma importante contribuição para o entendimento do caráter social da aprendizagem, sendo aplicado desde o âmbito de pequenos grupos, organizações nacionais e multinacionais até redes de negócios ou serviços. Foi utilizado como uma abordagem analítica de aprendizagem e instrumental, concebendo a possibilidade de cultivo de comunidades de prática. Neste trabalho, desenvolveu-se um estudo de caso em uma empresa júnior de uma universidade particular, fundada há cerca de vinte anos. A empresa júnior é uma associação sem fins lucrativos, criada e conduzida por graduandos do curso de administração de empresas. Busca preparar seus integrantes para o mercado de trabalho, oferecendo serviços de consultoria para micro e pequenas empresas. Utilizando as narrativas presentes em dados documentais, diários solicitados, entrevistas e dados de observação não-sistemática foi constituída uma caracterização da empresa júnior e das histórias compartilhadas de aprendizagem de seus integrantes, desde a entrada até a saída da empresa. Os dados foram analisados, com a abordagem da análise temática de narrativas (Riessman, 2008). A partir dos dados pode-se afirmar que a empresa investigada constitui-se em uma comunidade de prática, podendo ser observadas a participação periférica legítima e o curriculum de aprendizagem que são peculiares desta abordagem. Os processos de aprendizagem incluem observação dos mais experientes, indagações, receber e dar feedbacks, tendo papel central a aprendizagem que ocorre por meio dos relacionamentos, tanto em projetos internos como externos, com colegas, professores da universidade, empresários de outras empresas juniores e empresários do mercado. Conclui-se que a abordagem de comunidades de prática é útil na compreensão da aprendizagem em organizações, mas pode ser complementada com outros elementos teóricos. Neste sentido examinou-se ainda o tipo de aprendizagem e seus resultados, discutiu-se a necessidade de dar maior ênfase aos aspectos individuais visando complementar a teoria de comunidades de prática e por fim, considerou-se importante destacar e analisar os processos reflexivos presentes na empresa objeto de estudo. O uso de diários solicitados mostrou-se promissor na investigação da aprendizagem em organizações, mesmo que por períodos restritos de tempo. Sugere-se também maior precisão no uso do termo comunidade de prática e a realização de novos estudos empíricos que ampliem a compreensão da aprendizagem como fenômeno social no âmbito das empresas juniores.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-08-20T13:48:03Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Vania Grim Thies_Tese.pdf: 10034266 bytes, checksum: 6aaa1e8cf0ec564bbc50abdf4154d9f3 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-03-04 / This study analyzes the diaries written by three farmer brothers and how their lives have been aesthetically engaged in the act of writing in a rural routine. Its main theoretical-methodological reference was the Bakhtin Circle, besides other authors studies which have been based on the Bakhtinian theory. This dissertation is supported by the presuppositions regarding the aesthetic and responsible act which may enable interaction between two worlds: the world of life and the world of theory. Therefore, the diaries were problematized as an aesthetic and responsible act with which the farmers developed interaction between both worlds in their daily routines. Twenty one diaries written by three Schmidt brothers in different moments of their lives, from 1972 to 2007, were analyzed. Aldo started his writings in 1972, got married in 1976 and has kept writing his diaries with his new family so far whereas Clemer was asked - by his father - to carry out the family s collective writings; thus, it was a family s diary, rather than a personal diary like Aldo s. Clemer only wrote while he was single and lived in his father s home. He got married in 1979, moved in with his new family and stopped writing but left the diaries in his father s home so that his brothers could go on writing. Unlike his brothers, Clenderci started writing his diary after getting married in 1983 and kept writing until 1992. This dissertation shows that there is interaction between the world of theory and the world of life through the unique and responsible act of diary writing. Each brother s ownership shows how similar the compositional forms of the diary organization are; however, they are different regarding their architectural aspects. Each author has his own architectural project, writes down everyday utterances in agreement with his axiological position, registers facts in his own way, organizes them aesthetically according to his authorcreator, and, consequently, produces different senses in his writing. Therefore, the aesthetics of life is existence itself: the existence of the authors-creators Aldo, Clemer and Clenderci in the act of writing their diaries which represent the succession of acts they go through in their rural lives. / Este estudo analisa os diários de três irmãos agricultores e como eles inscrevem as suas vidas, esteticamente, no ato da escrita do cotidiano rural. O referencial teóricometodológico principal do estudo foi o Círculo de Bakhtin e demais autores que possuem estudos baseados na teoria bakhtiniana. A tese está ancorada no pressuposto do ato ético e responsável como interação possível entre os dois mundos: mundo da vida e mundo da teoria. Os diários foram problematizados, portanto, como ato ético e responsável nos quais os agricultores realizam a interação entre os dois mundos nos registros cotidianos. Foram analisados vinte e um diários produzidos pelos três irmãos Schmidt em diferentes momentos da vida de cada um, entre o período de 1972 a 2007. Aldo iniciou a escrita de diários em 1972. Em 1976, casou-se e permaneceu escrevendo os diários com a nova família, perpetuando a prática até os dias atuais. Já Clemer foi encarregado pelo pai para realizar a escrita coletiva da família, os diários; portanto, não eram registros pessoais como os de Aldo, mas apontamentos da família. Clemer escreveu somente na casa do pai, enquanto solteiro. Em 1979, casou-se, constituiu nova família e parou de escrever, deixando os diários na casa paterna para que os demais irmãos continuassem escrevendo. De maneira diferente da de Clemer e de Aldo, o irmão Clenderci deu início aos diários depois que se casou, em 1983, escrevendo até o ano de 1992. A tese mostra que há a interação entre o mundo da teoria e o mundo da vida por meio do ato único e responsável da escrita dos diários. A autoria de cada um dos três irmãos reflete como a forma composicional da organização dos diários é semelhante; porém, em seus aspectos arquitetônicos, são diferentes. Cada autor tem seu projeto arquitetônico e escreve os enunciados do dia de acordo com sua posição axiológica, registrando à sua maneira e organizando esteticamente segundo seu autor-criador, criando sentidos diferentes na sua produção. Portanto, a estética da vida é a própria existência dos autores-criadores Aldo, Clemer e Clenderci no ato da escrita dos diários, representando a sucessão de atos vividos no cotidiano da vida rural.

This study endeavours to elucidate the journal of Captain Hermanus Hofmeijer of the Dutch man 0' war, Amsterdam, which has been transcribed from the original script, translated from Dutch into English and interpreted from a contemporary viewpoint. It offers an opportunity to evaluate a unique primary historical document which records an important historical event. An attempt has been made to contextualise the incident in the light of the early history of the Dutch people. The contribution of the Dutch East India Company (VaC) to the trade and commerce of the Netherlands during the 17th and 18th centuries has been assessed together with the shipbuilding techniques that served to make the Dutch a major seafaring nation. The significance of Texel and Nieuwediep has been examined and the sea route and navigational instruments placed in perspective. The voyage has been analysed in some detail. The background of Captain Hermanus Hofmeijer has proved especially interesting. Although he pursued his career with the Dutch Navy, he was born and spent his early years in Cape Town, South Africa. The time spent by the Amsterdam in Batavia, Samaraog and Sourabaya gives an insight into the Dutch possessions overseas. The return voyage, storms and ultimate grounding are of special interest as Hofmeijer records the journey and events on a daily basis. The impact and significance of 217 extra people in the Eastern Cape area did not go unnoticed, and although the event was not well documented, an attempt at some contextualisation has been made. Finally a short overview of maritime archaeology in South Africa and its significance as a relatively new discipline has been included. The study of the material remains of the wreck of the Amsterdam has resulted in a new understanding of wooden ships built in the early 19th century.