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Comic book superheroes have become adopted into American popular culture, and yet few have considered why these characters resonate with Americans. The first comic book superhero premiered in 1938 when Superman appeared on the cover of the first issue of Action Comics. For almost seventy years his adventures and the adventures of other costumed heroes have been continually published. Batman soon joined Superman as a popular costumed crime-fighter, and the early 1960s saw another generation of superheroes created that would be embraced in American culture. Among this new group of heroes were Spider-Man and the X-Men, who have proved as popular as Superman and Batman. The never-ending narratives of comic book characters provide a unique opportunity to analyze how superheroes have evolved across the decades to remain relevant for new generations of Americans. Superman, Batman, Spider-Man, and the X-Men are the most popular heroes, not only in comic books, but in other media adaptations. An exploration of why these specific characters have such resonance with Americans will provide insights into American mindsets, ideologies, and philosophies. Furthermore, comic books are uniquely positioned to allow a new historicist reading, as the characters' adventures have been published on a monthly schedule for decades. A consideration of the alterations made in the narratives to reflect the time periods is inherently enlightening.

The curriculum for Sweden’s upper secondary schools emphasises that specifically exclusion should be prevented, and that equality between all humans should permeate the education. This essay maintains that the post-colonial concept of othering, with help from Mary Shelley’s story about Frankenstein and his monster, could be used to educate upper secondary school students about these important matters. More specifically, the essay analyses how othering becomes concretised when Shelley’s original novel is used multimodally, through its graphic adaptation. The analysis shows that othering, through the discourses of racism and exoticism, becomes more visually palpable in the graphic novel. However, this also shines light on the importance to teach with ethical didactics, as othering otherwise could be reproduced. That is, the aim to make pupils more aware of how to prevent othering in real life could be inhibited if the didactic approach does not teach the students how to think constructively about the processes of othering. The study concludes that Frankenstein: The Graphic Novel could pose as a qualitative tool to teach about the importance of an inclusive world, if taught with ethical didactics. / <p>Slutgiltigt godkännandedatum: 2023-06-02</p>

Är vi okej?/All about them is a coming out-story about a 30 year old Ella/Ellan, who moves back to Sweden after a few years abroad to deal witha life-crisis - and to come out as non- binary. We follow Ella/Ellan during one tumultuous year as they explore and discover their identity and see how life and relationships change along the way. All about them is my master’s projectin Visual communication at Konstfack, 2023. My intention with this projectis to share my personal experience of coming out as a non-binary transperson. I wanted to visualise the difficulties with adapting to society’s narrow and limited identity-categories. My wish is that this novel will contribute with knowledge and understanding for the trans-experience, and also offer identification for anyone who struggles with questions about their place in this world.

This thesis examines the potential of the graphic novel as a site for rethinking identity from a postcolonial perspective. I begin with an in-depth analysis of comic theory and breakdown the elements that distinguish the graphic novel from other literary genres. In addition, I highlight the importance of narration in the graphic novel, thus setting a framework for how to analyze the interplay between text and image as it relates to the narrative and vice versa. I use this framework to investigate how notions of masculinity, memory, and historical references are employed in the Brazilian graphic novel, Dois Irmãos, and the French graphic novel, l’Arabe du Futur, thus highlighting postcolonial concepts of identity formation illuminated in the narratives of young Arab boys narratives of their fathers.

Le mémoire original s'accompagnait en annexe du livre-objet Le poids de l'oiseau sur la vitre. / Ce mémoire de maîtrise en recherche-création explore les modalités d’intégration d’éléments défiant, dans les romans dits hybrides, les conventions visuelles de la majeure partie du texte et participant à la construction du sens. Le poids de l’oiseau sur la vitre est un récit hybride qui suit le parcours d’une vieille femme revisitant un fragment du journal intime de sa jeunesse, écrit – ou imaginé – après la perte de son bébé. Un parcours qui est une seconde fuite car au fil des corrections et de la reconstruction du texte, elle tombe à nouveau dans le piège du mensonge. Confrontée à une surenchère du faux, elle réalisera que cette habitude de considérer la fiction comme un refuge équivaut à rester infidèle au passé, et ultimement à soi. L’essai associe Blankets de Craig Thompson, roman graphique au style composite, au roman hybride, et se consacre à l’étude de ses pages visuellement atypiques, cherchant à déterminer comment elles parviennent, malgré leur aspect divergent, à renforcer la cohésion et le caractère immersif de l’œuvre. / This practice-led M.A. thesis explores how in hybrid novels, the integration of elements defying the visual conventions of the majority of the text participate to their construction of meaning. In the hybrid narrative Le poids de l’oiseau sur la vitre, an elderly woman revisits her diary, written – or imagined – decades ago to shield her from the reality of her infant son’s death. At first intent on restoring the truth, she soon falls, through the many corrections she brings to the original text and her reconstruction of the book, into her habit of tweaking facts, realizing at last that giving in to this spiral of lies means cheating herself from the past and, ultimately, her future. The following essay likens Craig Thompson’s Blankets, a graphic novel whose structure dynamics are based upon the use of different styles and page layouts, to hybrid novels, and studies its most visually striking pages to determine how, despite their distinctive appearance, they enhance the novel’s cohesion and make it more immersive.

Pourquoi le locuteur italien a-t-il assimilé la structure phonique calidus comme caldo ? Quels mécanismes sont intervenus dans le processus d’apprentissage de cette phonie d’une langue à l’autre ? Notre réflexion nous a conduit sur le terrain de la nature du langage et des lois qui en règlent le psychisme de formation. Nous montrons que les mots sont des totalités phoniques composés de parties articulées générées par des voix significatives κατὰ συνθήκην (katá synthêkên), « par composition » et non pas « par convention ». Si on considère le langage comme un instrument de représentation indirecte guidant le locuteur, par les signes, jusqu’à la connaissance directe (la représentation) d’un savoir immédiat, dans un rapport direct au monde, et si on accepte le fait que nous percevons de façon gestaltique le signifiant linguistique dans un acte de parole, et non pas sa représentation phénoménique, c’est-à-dire que l’acte de parole est une structure bien organisée dont la perception procède du tout vers les parties, alors le processus de la composition devient l’instrument par lequel les mots se transforment en structures à arbitraire limité. Nous fondons notre travail sur les mécanismes guillaumiens que la pensée réalise afin de saisir elle-même et dont la langue offre une fidèle reproduction : le mouvement de généralisation et de particularisation, ou, au sens de Bühler, le mot considéré comme un visage phonique, avec sa physionomie acoustique. Devant l’impossibilité d’identifier les limitations de l’arbitraire dans un paradigme purement formel, il devient nécessaire de considérer le signe linguistique dans la réalité psychophysique des locuteurs. / Why the Italian speaker did assimilate the phonic structure calidus like caldo? Which mechanisms intervened in the process of training of this phone from one language to another? Our reflection led us on the ground of the nature of the language and the laws which regulate the psychism of formation of it. We show that the words are phonic totalities composed of articulated parts generated by significant voices κατὰ συνθήκην (katá synthêkên), “by composition” and not “by convention”. If it's considered the language as an instrument of indirect representation guiding the speaker, by the signs, until the direct knowledge (the representation) of an immediate knowledge, in a direct report in the world, and if the fact is accepted that we perceive in a gestaltic way meaning it linguistic in a his phenomenic representation and act of speech, not, i.e. the act of speech is a well organized structure whose perception proceeds of the whole towards the parts, then the process of the composition becomes the instrument by which the words change of structures with arbitrary limited. We base our work on the mechanisms guillaumiens that the thought realizes in order to seize itself and whose language offers a faithful reproduction: the movement of generalization and particularization, or, within the meaning of Bühler, the word considered as a phonic face, with its acoustic aspect. In front of impossibility of identifying the limitations of arbitrary in a purely formal paradigm, it becomes necessary to consider the linguistic sign in the psychophysical reality of the speakers.

In my bachelor’s project I have examined how different starting points can affect the working process and the results, when making picture books or comics. I have made around 15 experiments, in which I chose a starting point and created a story with this starting point as a framework. The starting points were related to the different components one has when making picture books or comics, such as: drawings, aspects of the book object (size, paper, flickering of pages) and relations between text and image. The purpose has been to investigate working methods, to learn more about the medium-specific qualities of the picture book, and to expand my own storytelling. The final result is four books, in which the four different starting points are interconnected in the stories.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-26T18:12:04Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Adelio Goncalves Brito.pdf: 55870463 bytes, checksum: 4884765df8fcc405255c564841ce4601 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-08-10 / The goal of this study is to investigate the semiotic building process of a hero in the graphic novel 300, by Frank Miller, through the identification of a unique style of the author, based on narrative protocols of this media. Object of the investigation and contextualization determinant of this construction, the language of comics is exposed and analyzed in what constitute it, that is, on what defines it as a genre and characterizes it as a singular media, propitious as an entertainment use, especially in its graphic novel format. So, the research predisposes to unravel this language discursive course (Comics in graphic novel format), through which represents and constitutes the character of King Leonidas, leader of the warrior campaign which gives name to the aforementioned graphic novel. Such unraveling is supported by a semiotic analysis of the representation games between the characters and the narrative in the journey of the hero, which justifies the use of a theoretical reflection provided by the narratology of Vladimir Propp, supported by the Haroldian study on Macunaíma and the deepened analysis on that subject made by the studies of Christopher Vogler, and, finally, under the perspective of myth Joseph Campbell. The studies showed a King Leonidas built from a rescue of he old style hero, celebrated in the early days of comics, associated with multiple layers of meanings, which are repeated in two other Miller s characters, while they identified a millerian style, that works with elements of comics language in an unusual way, combining them with other languages, such as film and painting / O objetivo desta pesquisa é investigar o jogo de construção semiótica do herói na graphic novel Os 300 de Esparta, do quadrinista Frank Miller, por meio da identificação de um estilo próprio do autor, embasado nos protocolos narrativos desta mídia. Objeto da investigação e contextualização determinante dessa construção, a linguagem dos quadrinhos é exposta e analisada naquilo que a constitui, ou seja, naquilo que a define como gênero e a caracteriza como uma mídia singular propícia ao uso como entretenimento, especialmente em seu formato de graphic novel. Assim, a pesquisa se predispõe a deslindar os percursos discursivos desta linguagem (História em Quadrinhos em seu formato graphic novel), por meio dos quais se representa e constitui a personagem do Rei Leônidas, que é o condutor da campanha guerreira a que se refere o título da HQ. Tal deslinde está embasado numa análise semiótica dos jogos de representação entre as personagens e a narrativa na jornada do herói, o que justifica o uso da reflexão teórica proporcionada pela narratologia de Vladimir Propp, apoiada pela análise haroldiana do Macunaíma, além dos aprofundamentos que os estudos de Christopher Vogler acrescentam e, por fim, sob a perspectiva do mito de Joseph Campbell. Os estudos apontaram um Rei Leônidas construído a partir do resgate do modelo antigo de herói, celebrado nos primórdios das HQs, associado a múltiplas camadas de significações, que se repetem em outras duas personagens consagradas de Miller, ao mesmo tempo em que identificou-se um estilo milleriano, que trabalha elementos da linguagem dos quadrinhos de maneira inusitada, combinando-os com outras linguagens, como cinema e pintura