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My study documents the formation and impact of the student-led movement of Black Lives Matter in Higher Education (BLMHE) that is housed within Teachers College Higher and Postsecondary Education Program (HPSE). This group consists of HPSE students and faculty that have come together to analyze the effects of systemic societal forces on members of the HPSE community and their broader effects on higher education. BLMHE has since come together to show solidarity and support for students of color at TC through demonstrating their general commitment to social justice in the form of an educational seminar program. This study, which relies on oral history interviews with BLMHE’s three student co-founders, examines the formation and impact of BLMHE, how they analyze the effects of systemic societal forces on members of their community, and their broader effects on higher education. I am interested in learning to what extent BLMHE plays a role in increasing equitable spaces for Black students who identify as scholars on campus because I want to find out how this form of student activism empowers students as agents for change against systemic racism within higher education. This will permit me to understand how this form of student advocacy compares to other forms of advocacy that seeks to address such inequality in higher education. This exploratory oral history study centers on three themes: student advocacy within the realms of equitable epistemological spaces, how BLMHE is distinctive from the Black Studies and Black Lives Matter movements, and the role of Teachers College in supporting equitable epistemological spaces that can combat racism in higher education. BLMHE applies an alternative mode of viable activism beyond rallies and protests. I am interested in exploring the effect that involvement in student-led groups such as BLMHE have on increasing equitable spaces for these students as critical scholars within higher education scholarship, as well as their impact on TC as an institution. This student group is challenging not just the inequities within institutional infrastructures of higher education, but the thought processes behind what frames higher education scholarship itself, and which types of academic spaces for this scholarship need to be created for people of color. Further, their work demonstrates the degree to which marginalized Black and Indigenous People of Color (BIPOC) students are not content to sit on the sidelines. This study also goes in-depth in discussing how inclusive archiving that accompanies this research can actively support and empower communities in the collective documentation of their own histories. Study findings will portray how these student members of BLMHE perceived social inequities in higher education, along with their experiences and reflections on microaggressions, diversity and inclusion, have informed their forays with activism. Study findings indicate that in order for higher education to better support these students, it is critical to center them in the process of knowledge creation via educational seminars; this, in turn, can inform change in scholarship. This study concludes that inclusive epistemological spaces created by BLMHE challenge dominant views of power in higher education, validating BIPOC-centered methods and theories while providing resources for scholars of color to thrive in the academy.

Submitted by Guilherme Henrique Gomes da Silva null (guilhermehgs2@gmail.com) on 2016-11-05T11:15:03Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Versao final da tese Guilherme H G Silva.pdf: 6053643 bytes, checksum: 626908b81e5f08fbcc69a16b67accbab (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Felipe Augusto Arakaki (arakaki@reitoria.unesp.br) on 2016-11-10T13:36:15Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 silva_ghg_dr_rcla.pdf: 6053643 bytes, checksum: 626908b81e5f08fbcc69a16b67accbab (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-11-10T13:36:15Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 silva_ghg_dr_rcla.pdf: 6053643 bytes, checksum: 626908b81e5f08fbcc69a16b67accbab (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-10-26 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP) / Este estudo discute possibilidades de inclusão social e racial no ensino superior brasileiro, relacionando a educação matemática com as políticas de ações afirmativas. Seu propósito foi compreender como a educação matemática poderia contribuir para a permanência e progresso acadêmico de estudantes de cursos superiores da área das ciências exatas, beneficiários de ações afirmativas. A pergunta que norteou a pesquisa foi a seguinte: “No ensino superior, para beneficiários de ações afirmativas de cursos da área das ciências exatas, quais aspectos da educação matemática têm contribuído para sua retenção e progresso acadêmico?”. Utilizando-se uma abordagem de inquérito qualitativa e a metodologia de estudo de caso, a produção dos dados deste estudo foi dividida em duas etapas. Na primeira, caracterizada por dados provenientes de uma pesquisa documental, buscou-se sistematizar informações que pudessem fornecer um quadro mais amplo em relação ao tratamento das ações afirmativas nas universidades federais da região sudeste do Brasil. Na segunda etapa, realizaram-se entrevistas semiestruturadas com docentes, gestores e estudantes beneficiários de ações afirmativas ingressantes em cursos superiores da área das ciências exatas de duas universidades federais brasileiras. Para a organização e análise dos dados, utilizou-se de ferramentas analíticas da análise de conteúdo, tendo como perspectiva teórica o inquérito crítico. O processo propiciado pela leitura e imersão nos dados permitiu a atribuição de palavras-chave e códigos, bem como a construção de categorias e temas, os quais eram comparados na medida em que mais análises eram feitas, modificando-se sempre que necessário. Os resultados deste trabalho indicam que as politicas de ações afirmativas demandam uma ampla e profunda reflexão teórica, assim como a elaboração de propostas educacionais específicas. Em especial, chamam a atenção para as possibilidades de engajamento da educação matemática nas dimensões de ingresso e permanência das ações afirmativas, enfatizando elementos significativos para a retenção e progresso acadêmico dos estudantes beneficiados. Além disso, este estudo indica a existência de aspectos relevantes para o fomento e a manutenção das políticas de ações afirmativas que estão inseridos no cotidiano de docentes que atuam em cursos de exatas, os quais se mostraram ligados tanto a práticas pedagógicas e não pedagógicas quanto a perspectivas e anseios frente à utilização e tratamento destas políticas. Este trabalho também levanta reflexões significativas para a educação matemática sobre elementos que contribuíram para a integração social e acadêmica no percurso universitário dos estudantes que participaram do estudo, bem como suas estratégias e dificuldades acadêmicas relacionadas com a matemática. Ademais, esta pesquisa traz fortes indícios de que, mesmo com direitos especiais legitimados por meio das ações afirmativas, muitos estudantes continuam convivendo com a violência estrutural ao longo de seu percurso na universidade, fato que pode influenciar diretamente sua permanência e progresso acadêmico. Estas questões, que vão além do pedagógico, mostraram-se conectadas principalmente com a sobrevivência material na universidade e com as microagressões experienciadas diariamente por estes alunos, tanto em ambientes sociais quanto acadêmicos do campus. / This study addresses the possibilities of social and racial inclusion in the Brazilian higher education system, establishing relationships between mathematics education and affirmative action policies. The purpose of this study was to understand how mathematics education contributes to the retention and academic progress of affirmative action students at Brazilian federal universities from Science, Technology, Engineer, and Mathematics (STEM) programs. The research question was the following: “In higher education, for beneficiaries of affirmative action and those who study STEM disciplines, what aspects of mathematics education contribute to their retention and academic success?” Using a qualitative research approach and a case-study methodology, the data were produced in two stages. In the first one, several documental data were organized and systematized in order to elaborate a general framework about the treatment of affirmative action policies in the Brazilian federal universities from the southeast region. In the second stage, semi-structured interviews with faculty, managers and affirmative action students were conducted. These individuals were involved in and enrolled in STEM programs from two Brazilian federal universities. In order to organize and analyze the data, analytical tools of content analysis and the theoretical perspective of critical inquiry, with a deep reading and immersion in the data, were used. This process permitted the attribution of key words and codes as well as the construction of categories and themes. They were compared, in accordance with which more analyses were made, and modified as necessary. The results of this study suggest that affirmative action policies demand broader, and at the same time more profound, theoretical reflection. In addition, they suggest that these policies demand an elaboration of specific educational proposals. Furthermore, this work addresses some possibilities for the engagement of mathematics education on the dimensions of access to and permanence of affirmative actions, emphasizing important elements for the retention and academic progress of affirmative action students from STEM programs. Moreover, this study indicates the existence of aspects relevant to the promotion and management of affirmative action policies in higher education, which are inserted into a teacher’s everyday practice. These aspects were connected to both pedagogical and non-pedagogical practices, as well as to anxieties and perspectives about the treatment of affirmative action students. Furthermore, this work raises important considerations for mathematics education regarding elements connected with the social and academic integration of affirmative action students and their strategies for and academic difficulties with mathematics learning. In addition, even though special rights were legitimated through affirmative actions in Brazil, this research brings strong evidence that, generally, affirmative action students continue living with structural violence throughout their university course. This fact can directly influence their permanence and academic progress in the university, as well as contribute to the creation of negative feelings about their lives. This matter, which is in addition to pedagogical concerns, is connected with material survival issues on campus, as well as with microaggressions experienced by these students every day in both social and academic environments. / FAPESP: 2014/05584-3 / FAPESP: 2015/04698-8

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Previous literature, although helpful in demonstrating the insidious nature and effects of Islamophobia on Muslims, does not underscore the varying forms and intensities of Islamophobia that a diverse range of Muslims in the West face and the powerful ways in which race and socio-economic class factor into their experiences, coping mechanisms, and stigma responses. This dissertation contributes to the literature on Muslims in The West in three ways: (1) offering a qualitative approach to understanding the ways in which Islamophobia is perpetuated through media discourse and coinciding political legislation, and is experienced differently by a diverse range of Muslims in Canada, (2) adding the concepts of spiritual marginalization, spiritual homelessness, and social status optimization to the analytic vocabulary on integration and articulating their relationship with identity, and (3) making a connection between race and social class and the response to Islamophobia and articulating their relationship with human agency. In chapter one, I provide an in-depth literature review on Islamophobia in the West. In chapter two, I present the results of a discourse analysis study that highlights the structural dimensions of Islamophobia through media representations and framing of incidences involving Muslim vs. non-Muslim perpetrators of violence. In chapter three, I present the results of a study that showcases group level experiences of racism amongst a relatively powerless group of Muslim refugee youth in Hamilton Ontario and St. John’s Newfoundland and Labrador. In chapter four, I provide a contrasting response to stigma by reporting on the experiences and mobilization of a socioeconomically privileged group of first, second and third generation Muslims in Edmonton. Finally, I summarize the conceptual findings of each paper, review and discuss the general theoretical and conceptual contributions of the dissertation to existing literature, and provide suggestions on future directions for studying Islamophobia and Muslim integration in The West. / Dissertation / Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) / This dissertation analyses the varying forms and intensities of Islamophobia that a diverse range of Muslims in Canada face and the powerful ways in which race and socio-economic class factor into their experiences, coping mechanisms, and stigma responses. The thesis explores three themes: 1) how Islamophobia may be structurally maintained and propagated through media discourse and coinciding political legislation, 2) how Islamophobia and anti-Muslim hate is experienced differently by different groups of Muslims in Canada, and (3) how there may be a connection between race and social class in individual responses to Islamophobia. By adding the concepts of spiritual marginalization, spiritual homelessness, and social status optimization to the analytic vocabulary, this work is a unique contribution to existing literature, and to our understanding of the differing lived experiences of being Muslim in the West and the varying ways in which Islamophobia informs the day to day lives of Muslim Canadians.

Syftet med denna examensuppsats var att kvalitativt undersöka upplevelsen av minoritetsstress samt dess påverkan och hantering hos homosexuella i Sverige. Detta gjordes genom semistrukturerade intervjuer med tio personer i åldern 22 till 44 år, vars berättelser analyserades med hjälp av en tematisk analys. Resultatet visar på en utbredd upplevelse av minoritetsstress inom flera områden i samhället och livet. Minoritetsstressen berodde på alltifrån hat och avståndstagande, diskriminering, utanförskap, heteronormativt bemötande, exotifiering och internaliserad homofobi till problem vid kontakt med myndigheter, vård och juridik. Minoritetsstressen upplevdes ge en sämre psykisk hälsa, ge upphov till komplexa negativa känslor, begränsa livsutrymmet, dränera energi samt ge upphov till en förhöjd rädsla och vaksamhet för potentiellt ofarliga situationer. Strategier för hantering av minoritetsstressen omfattade allt från socialt stöd, arbete med sin självbild och gränssättning till engagemang för hbtq+- frågor. Informanternas vittnesmål gick i linje med internationell forskning på samma område och kunde vidare förstås när de ställdes bredvid tidigare fynd och teorier kring minoritetsstress och hanteringsstrategier. Vittnesmålen visade även på minoritetsstressens komplexa verkan och genes. Resultatet indikerar ett stort behov av kunskap om homosexuellas utsatthet och livsvillkor inom samhällets alla arenor. Vidare forskning rörande minoritetsstressens omfattning, intersektion med andra minoritetspositioner samt fördjupning kring de olika delområden denna examensuppsats har berört bedöms nödvändig i framtiden. / Minoritetsstress hos hbtqi-personer: Upplevelser och coping

The overarching purpose of this collected papers dissertation was to explore the perspectives and experiences related to names in social and professional settings for persons with ethnically identifying names. The first paper was an integrative literature review. The second paper was a qualitative study utilizing the phenomenological approach. Both studies utilized self-presentation theory, while Study #2 added social penetration theory and social identity theory. Self-presentation theory posits that people put forth a public face to show that they possess desirable characteristics to observers. Social penetration theory is centered on the concept of self-disclosure and the notion that people carefully construct their level of disclosure based on the interaction and how they wish it to proceed. Finally, social identity theory puts forth that people categorize others to determine with whom to align themselves and whom to exclude. These theories undergirded the studies and directed the inquiry. Study #1 reviewed literature to determine if names and self-presentation were studied within HRD. Only one study was found. The extant literature was largely quantitative, focused on job market reactions to applicant names, and assumed characteristics. Overall, the studies were focused on how best to present an applicant based on their name and the possible consequences of self-presentation in undesirable categories (e.g., minority applicants with “unique” or “ethnic” names). The literature indicated that applicants best presented when they utilized names that indicated non-minority ethnicity (e.g. White). Study #2 explored the opinions, experiences and behaviors of interview participants with ethnically identifying names related to social identity, self-presentation and social penetration. This study consisted of interviewing 15 people of either Asian, African, Caucasian or Latino/Hispanic ethnicity. Findings suggested that names did matter to the participants and that their behaviors and opinions related to their self-presentation and self-disclosure were colored by their experiences as someone with an ethnically identifying name; both professionally and socially. Overall, the findings of these studies are a starting point into the HRD literature to inform organizational research and practice. Additional research is needed to create a more comprehensive picture of the issues involved and work towards best practices and interventions.