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Denna kandidatuppsats, “Det är så homogent så det är inte klokt”- En kvalitativ studie om jämställdhetsinriktat förändringsarbete inom räddningstjänsten, är en studie som undersöker förhållningssättet till jämställdhetsarbetet bland medarbetarna på olika hierarkiska nivåer inom ett räddningsförbund. För att kunna uppnå studiens syfte på ett genomgripande sätt valde vi även att undersöka om medlemskapet Nätverket Jämställd Räddningstjänst (NJR) har utgjort någon påverkan på medarbetarnas och chefernas förhållningssätt till jämställdhetsinriktad förändringsarbete. Studien intog en abduktiv teoretisk ansats som innebär att teorierna blev korrigerade och förfinade under processen gång för att uppnå en högre överrensstämmelse med det empiriska materialet. Teorierna som tillämpades vid analysen av vårt empiriska material är: jämställdhetsdiskurser , motstånd och främjande av jämställdhetsarbetet, könsbaserad segregering, diskriminering samt män och homosocialitet. Vi har valt att utföra en kvalitativ studie som innebär att vi har utfört sju intervjuer med medarbetare på olika hierarkiska nivåer inom ett räddningsförbund i Sverige. Det empiriska materialet har blivit bearbetat via genomförandet av en tematisk analys, vilket betyder att materialet har blivit indelat i fem olika teman som vi har framställt med hjälp av kodning. Alla respondenter blev tilldelade fiktiva namn för att säkra deras anonymitet. I diskussionen kopplar vi samman teoretiska utgångspunkter med det tematisk uppdelade empiriska materialet. Vår undersökning har visat att personal på operativ nivå innehar en positiv inställning till jämställdhetsinriktat förändringsarbete. Respondenter som besatt ledningspositioner hade stora variationer i förhållningen till jämställdhetsarbetet. Vi kunde finna motstånd från en av cheferna som kan orsaka den långsamma jämställdhetsutvecklingen. NJR:s påverkan på förhållningen till jämställdhetsarbetet var obefintlig.

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Forskningsöversikten är till huvudsak ett litteraturstudium som spänner över perioden 1962-2011 och syftar till att frilägga den värdegrund på vilka läroplanerna vilar. Studiet innefattar en genomgång av de huvudsakliga källorna som berör ämnet läroplan och läroplanskod i form av artiklar och avhandlingar. Studiet bearbetar inte primärt inte de läroplanstexter den angivna litteraturen avhandlar men analyserar den värdegrund som återspeglas i läroplanerna i de artikeltexter och avhandlingar som används. Studiet visar att de svenska läroplanerna från Lgr 62 till Lgr 11 tydligt använder en demokratisk grundidé som värdegrundade fundament men att vad denna demokratiska grundidé innefattar varierar något över tid i relation till samhällsutveckling och förändringar i samhället. Tre viktiga bakomliggande påverkansfaktorer lyfts fram i studiet. 1) Varje läroplan är ett barn av sin tid varvid läroplanen är den arena där skolan för en pågående dialog med de övergripande stora förändringar som sker i samhället och hur dessa påverkar undervisningen. 2) Läroplanerna är också en arena där olika politiska ideologier söker påverka undervisningen i linje med sina egna övertygelser och ideal. 3) Läroplanerna påverkas också av underliggande trender inom den pedagogiska forskningen som i sin tur ger återverkan på hur läroplanen förstås och utformas.

Since 1949, irregular conflicts have been the primary type of conflict. Although the Swedish government has found that a restructuring of focus from international operations to national defence is fundamental for Swedish security policy, the Swedish Armed Forces are still engaged in several irregular conflict arenas around the globe.By applying a theoretical framework based on counterinsurgency theory, this study ventures to explore whether this theory has been implemented in the main Swedish armed forces policy documents. The purpose of this is to facilitate an understanding for the potential strengths and weaknesses that these documents have when implementing counter insurgency in irregular conflicts.This study finds that there exists an implementation of counter insurgency theory in these policy documents as a prerequisite for Swedish operations in irregular conflicts. Furthermore, this proves a correlation between theory and policy something that may be a positive prerequisite for this kind of operations.Furthermore, this study finds that future studies in to the relevance of COIN theory in potential conflicts to come.

This thesis has its starting point in the theory that the healthy human has a built-in resistance to killing. To get around this resistance requires psychological mechanisms that activate something that can be likened to a moral decoupling and enable the practice of violence. This study aims to contribute with an understanding of the effect of these psychological mechanisms and its significance to the Swedish armed forces by examining whether these are applied in the education system. The examination intends to answer whether the psychological mechanisms deindividualization and dehumanization are applied in the regulations and manuals linked to basic soldier education. The study shows that deindividualization and dehumanization can be identified in analyzed empiricism. However, these mechanisms are nothing that is lifted in a direct way in the empiricism, but something that has been identified by text analysis as latent messages.

Studies have shown that there are several advantages to armed forces in having a well-developed learning organization. Scholars mainly argue two things on the subject, firstly, the military organization with the stronger organizational learning capability will win contemporary wars and conflicts. Secondly, the academic interest on the subject have been small and thus studies on military learning organizations are lacking in numbers.   The organizational learning capability of the Swedish naval forces might be built in peacetime, but by testing theories on organizational learning in combat we might get a chance to see how it could or could not hold up in a wartime setting. With a theory consuming research design the purpose of this study is to use Frank Hoffman and Meir Finkel’s theoretical frameworks to investigate the Swedish naval forces more closely.   The result of the analysis shows that the Swedish naval forces have a strong ability to engage lower level learning which leads to adaptation. The analysis also shows that the ability to engage higher level learning in combat situations are lacking. Adaptation without an ability for organizational learning have shown to almost always lead to organizational forgetting, the price of which historically have shown to be dire both economically and in human lives.

John A. Warden III is one of the leading contemporary air force theorists in the modern era. Warden´s five ring model has proved the ability to explain other dimensions of warfare, as Warden himself claims. A topic that had been receiving much attention is the relatively new arena of warfare, the so-called 'cyberspace'. This dimension has enabled the dissemination of information at a significantly higher rate than before which results that the efficiency of information warfare have increased. Previous research in this complex area, where a combination of Warden's theories and information warfare have been used to analyze a case, is currently inadequate. Therefore, this case study intends to examine to which extent Warden's five ring model can be applied on information operations, in the context of the war in Ukraine. The result in this thesis will show that Warden's theory had a certain degree of explanatory power on the information operations, that were conducted in Ukraine during 2013-2014. The result will also indicate that the most significant direct impact from information operations was shown on the fourth ring, population. When the fourth ring was affected, the effect would spread and affect other rings indirectly. Attempts to affect multiple rings directly and simultaneously could not be identified except for the fourth and fifth rings, population and fielded military. However, no traceability of a direct impact on the fifth ring, fielded military, was identified.

This paper examines how Argentina’s tactical successes during the Falklands war can be understood by analysing through two of the principles of war namely, concentration of forces and surprise. Previous research on the Falklands war tends to analyse the war through the entire 74-day period or through special disciplines such as history or politics. Therefore, this study was undertaken to obtain a deeper understanding on how an inferior party can achieve tactical successes even if they are defeated in the war. HMS Sheffield and Atlantic Conveyor where both struck by the Argentinian Exocet-missiles and foundered during the war. These two particular incidents are evidence of the tactical successes for Argentina during the war, even if they were defeated. These events affected and shocked the British Task Force and knowledge regarding how they achieved tactical success is important for future warfare. The principles of war are theories explained in many states’ doctrines to explain warfare and are therefore relevant to use as theoretical framework in this study. The analytical results reveal that the tactical success can be perceived as the theory of surprise, although the theory of concentration of forces can partially explain it. The result contributes to existing research by adding a deeper understanding regarding the situations and conclusions, which can be drawn and that are relevant to studies of this nature, to improve future warfare capability for an inferior party in a conflict.